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Causes of Drug Compatibility and Recurrence (A Systematic Review)

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Causes of Drug Compatibility and Recurrence (A Systematic Review) Sadegh dehghanmehr et al /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 9(11), 2017, 2011-2015 Main Causes of Drug Compatibility and Recurrence (A Systematic Review) Sadegh dehghanmehr 1, Abbas Mir* 2 , Mohammad Sheikhi 3, Nasrin Mirshekari 4, Zahra Mirsargazi 1 , Morteza Salarzaei 5 1 Student, Student Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery School, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran 2 MA in clinical psychology-Faculty of medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran* 3 Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Paramedicine , Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran 4 Nursing and Midwifery School, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran. 5 Student Research Committee, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Abstract Introduction: Addiction is a psychological, social and economic illness that results from unnecessary and unauthorized consumption of some substances such as alcohol, opium, cannabis, etc.; this social disaster causes certain mental and psychological dependences in the addict and affects his function in society and in the domain of health in a negative way. Method: The present study was conducted by searching Addiction Tendency and Recurrence keywords through Persian and English databases, including magiran, SID, Google researchers, direct science, and Pubmed. Studies unrelated to and inconsistent with the present research were excluded. Studies and resources that were more in line with the subject matter of the research and which examined the causes of drug dependence and recurrence were used in the present research. Result: Addiction is a disorder involving the transmission of addictive substances into the brain cells, changing the overall function of the brain and causing a nerve signal which activates the central nervous system. Addicts have to regulate the amount of substance consumed in order to cope with the need for the brain. Conclusion: the families of people affected by the disease and the staff of the rehabilitation centers must become aware of the causes of the recurrence of addiction; moreover, the factors leading to the recurrence of addiction should be left out of the reach of individuals who have high potential of relapse. Particularly, the family plays a major role in preventing addiction and reducing its recurrence, and many studies have shown that family relationships and the degree of intimacy between family members are highly effective in controlling the tendency and possible relapse of the individuals. Keywords: drug, compatibility , recurrence INTRODUCTION heroin, at a low price and powerful effects which has, in Addiction is a psychological, social and economic illness turn, reduced the price of other drugs; this has led to an that results from unnecessary and unauthorized increase in the rate of consumers and addicts over time. A consumption of some substances such as alcohol, opium, high rate of drug use is observed in Iran and other cannabis, etc.; this social disaster causes certain mental and developing countries. Iran has a common border of nearly psychological dependences in the addict and affects his 1925 kilometers with Pakistan and Afghanistan as the function in society and in the domain of health in a major drug producing countries, and this makes the case of negative way (1). Drug is a general name for various Iran more critical (5 and 6). According to statistics, about natural and synthetic types of compounds that are often 73 percent of drug addicts are under 40 years of age and the classified as addictive substances because of their potential average age of them is about 35 years old in Iran (3), which dependence on consumption. In 1964, The World Health indicates the young at which addiction is increasingly Organization stated that the term "addiction" is no longer a developing in Iran. Since the substances affect the brain scientific term; instead, they used the expression of ‘drug and change the structure and function of the brain, dependence’ (2). Along with the use of opium, the use of addiction is considered a brain disease (7). Addiction has narcotics goes back to 7000 years ago, when Sumerian been a major dilemma of Iranian society for many years. civilization used to call this substance the pleasure plant. The relationship between addiction and several other social Morphine and heroin were produced in 1806 and 1874 as issues and damages has made this phenomenon much more opium derivatives. The good effect of these substances has important than a simple social problem and has turned it made people call them gods own medicine. However, it into a social crisis. (8-9) The collapse of individual gradually became clear that the narcotics and other character, the destruction of the family institution, the psychoactive substances would make the consumer increase of other types of social crimes, the reduction of dependent. The phenomenon of tolerance also causes an productivity and employment, increase in the number of ever-increasing use of the substance to get the previous unemployed people and the overcrowding of the effect, and if withdrawal is used, unpleasant symptoms are community, the occupancy of hospital beds, the reduction caused by deprivation and the desire for re-use of the of public health and dozens of other complications are substance makes the addict incapacitated from any activity totally dependent on the number of addicts in the (3-4). The pattern of consumption has changed with the community. Additionally, the majority of addicts commit arrival of the industry and the production of substances suicide (3,10). Generally, researchers and experts have such as crack, which is a combination of some blended beer identified many factors affecting the tendency towards 2011 Sadegh dehghanmehr et al /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 9(11), 2017, 2011-2015 addiction. Some people believe that as these substances annually on fighting with drug traffickers, domestic help reduce stress, individuals get more and more willing to retailers, drug addicts and providing support for families of use them. Others believe that people with personality and addicted people. The statistics of drug victims in specific psychosocial disabilities use drugs to escape these social groups, such as soldiers in barracks, male and female problems because they cannot resist the problems and students, especially those living in dormitories and failures of life. Another group of researchers believe that boarding houses, housewives, night shift workers, and social crises and disruption generate discomforts and prisons has increased significantly (6). The prevalence of turbulences the most immediate solution of which turns out addiction among Iranians in the Qajar era can be to be drugs for some people (11-12). The causes of considered as one of the social characteristics of this addiction recurrence are the same factors that affect the period. Several causes and factors contributed to the incidence of addiction in the first place; these factors can be prevalence of opium consumption among Iranians in the categorized in four groups of personal factors (mental age of the Qajar period, including the availability and retardation, depression, illness, pleasure, lack of self- abundance of this substance, the misconception of the confidence, independence, lack of personality development, public, the lack of knowledge of traditional doctors and the frustration and low education), family factors (addiction of prescription of opium by them for each disease, and family members, family disputes, parenting weaknesses, psychological problems caused by social frustration. The parental unemployment, and parental low education), social use of opium in the Qajar era had several negative factors (school environment, frustrated friends, unhealthy consequences for people, the most important of which were recreation, unemployment, social unaccountability, cultural unemployment, the emergence of some unconventional and poverty, population growth, uncontrolled immigration), and destructive environments, the disintegration of families economic and geographical factors (residence on the routes committing immoral acts and crimes (15). Faded faces, of drug traffic, ease of access to Drugs, poverty and broken families, sighted eyes, child offenders, robbery, economic crisis, unemployment and escape from life delinquency, suicide, prostitution, and many other social problems) (10-13). Given the harmful effects of addiction dilemmas and crises are the main things addiction brings on individuals, the family and society, and the necessity of about in the society (16). According to the United Nations identifying the causes of tendency towards addiction in Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 10 to 40% of order to prevent people from developing this dangerous women tend to use drugs in Asian and developing disease, providing knowledge on the factors affecting the countries. In addition to complications such as sickness and recurrence of this disease is quite essential for the death, if women use drugs they endanger their fetus and prevention of reappearance of this disorder. Therefore, the there is the possibility of LBW, early delivery, researcher conducted a study in this area to make available malnutrition, abortion, or neonatal withdrawal syndrome a comprehensive resource for individuals and families in for the fetus (17). Tendency to drug use has been defined as order to identify the causes of the occurrence and the attitudes and beliefs of individuals in regard with recurrence of
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