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Multi-Element Stable Isotope Analysis of Alkylpyrazines and Pyridine from Roast Coffee
Multi-element Stable Isotope Analysis of Alkylpyrazines and Pyridine from Roast Coffee Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Christina Preston aus Aalen Würzburg 2008 Eingereicht am: 26. September 2008 bei der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. P. Schreier 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. H.-U. Humpf der Dissertation 1. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. P. Schreier 2. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. H.-U. Humpf 3. Prüfer: Prof. Dr. C. Sotriffer des öffentlichen Promotionskolloquiums Tag des öffentlichen Promotionskolloquiums: 21. Januar 2009 Doktorurkunde ausgehändigt am: ……………………………… Acknowledgements The following research was conducted at the chair of food chemistry, University of Würzburg, from January 2004 to May 2007, under the guidance of Professor Dr. Peter Schreier. Professor Dr. Peter Schreier I thank for the isotopic-topic, the scientific support, the interesting discussions, not always strictly work-related, and the freedom of researching independently. Furthermore, I thank Dr. Thorsten König, from Givaudan (formerly Quest Inter- national), for providing samples and Dr. Elke Richling, Dr. Dominique Kavvadias, as well as the student workers Christopher Heppel and Silvia Hummel, for the pre-work conducted on this research topic. Special thanks go to the ‘F-Praktikanten’ Kathrin Kahle, Helena Bader, Stefanie Kohlhepp, Ina Kleinsteuber, Magdalena Müller, Karin Thomas, Christof Madinger and Tanja Welsch as well as to the ‘C-Praktikanten’ Daniela Trost and Fabian Oberle, who all supported me courageously during their advanced practical courses. They all contributed substantially to the success of this work, with their never-tiring energy, their good ideas and friendly relationships. Dr. Frank Heckel and Dr. -
Datura- a Devil Weed Or Angel's Trumpet
Datura- A Devil Weed Or Angel’s Trumpet. Review Article by : Shaheen Bibi Email: [email protected] 1 Datura Inoxia- A Devil weed or Angel’s Trumpet Abstract Datura is a mystery Plant. It belongs to family Solanaceae. There are many important species of genus Datura. Despite of many reports about being toxic, its still debated for its medicinal properties. The genus Datura has a vast history from early time through World War till modern times. Since long time, Datura has been used as a folk medicine in many ancient cultures and even used today. The ethnobotanical information predicts its useful drug value. This plant is well known for its hallucinogenic property. Heiser states that Datura is genus of contrast-from smelly weeds to lovely ornamentals”. 38 Analyzing the chemical profile of Datura , it is reported to be rich in alkaloids. These alkaloids are member of Tropane. Important tropines are Atropine, Scopolamine and Hyoscyamine. The highest in percentage of atropine in D.inoxia is found in its seeds.39 Datura can cause various complications. Some of its effects are systemic. The primary and alarming sign of toxicity with D.inoxia is mydriasis i.e. the change in pupil centration 40,41. Atropine also has the hallucination effect. It blocks the action of acetylcholine at its receptors. Datura inoxia foliage is also harmful for grazing animals or animals that feed on the seeds. Datura inoxia has an anticholinergic property. This property is due to presence of Scopolamine 18. Interestingly, there are beetles and some bees that survive on Datura and they have established certain biochemical mechanisms to defend themselves against the plants intoxicating chemicals. -
TML Propagation Protocols
PROPAGATION PROTOCOLS This document is intended as a guide for Tamborine Mountain Landcare members who wish to assist our regeneration projects by growing some of the plants needed. It is a work in progress so if you have anything to add to the protocols – for example a different but successful way of propagating and growing a particular plant – then please give it to Julie Lake so she can add it to the document. The idea is that our shared knowledge and experience can become a valuable part of TML's intellectual property as well as a useful source of knowledge for members. As there are many hundreds of plants native to Tamborine Mountain, the protocols list will take a long time to complete, with growing information for each plant added alphabetically as time permits. While the list is being compiled by those members with competence in this field, any TML member with a query about propagating a particular plant can post it on the website for other me mb e r s to answer. To date, only protocols for trees and shrubs have been compiled. Vines and ferns will be added later. Fruiting times given are usual for the species but many rainforest plants flower and fruit opportunistically, according to weather and other conditions unknown to us, thus fruit can be produced at any time of year. Finally, if anyone would like a copy of the protocols, contact Julie on [email protected] and she’ll send you one. ………………….. Growing from seed This is the best method for most plants destined for regeneration projects for it is usually fast, easy and ensures genetic diversity in the regenerated landscape. -
Spring Australian Plants Society Armidale & District Group
APS Armidale 2015_3 Spring Australian Plants Society Armidale & District Group PO Box 735 Armidale NSW 2350 Crowea exalata ssp magnifolia image by Maria Hitchcock Web: http://www.aps-armidale.org.au e-mail: [email protected] Spring Edition 2015 - 3 In this issue: Office bearers for 2015 ...p.2 President’s Message ...p.3 From little things, big things grow ...p.3 Garden Visits Report: Saturday 23 May …p.4 National Correa Collection Web Site ...p.5 Soltice Event Report: Sunday 21 June …p.6 Spring in Autumn and Winter ...p.6 Possum Magic in Armidale …p.7 A tale of “Pinky” and Others ...p.8 Mole Station Weekend ...p.9 A Pleasant Horticultural surprise ...p.10 Frost Likelihood Audit ...p.11 Photo: Leptospermum spectabile from the Mulquiney Garden (not in situ) photo C. Mulquiney. Frost Likelihood Audit Form ...p.14 Contact Us: Armidale & District Group PO Box 735, Armidale NSW 2350 President: Phil Rose Ph. 6775 3767 [email protected] Secretary: Helen Schwarz Ph. 6772 1584 [email protected] Treasurer: Carole Fullalove [email protected] From the newsletter editor: Dear members, this is your newsletter and all articles, snippets and photos are welcome. The issue deadlines are 2 weeks before the Business Meeting. Articles will be included based on a FIRST COME basis. Please send your articles, snippets etc to me. Page 1 APS Armidale 2015_3 Spring GROUP INFORMATION The Armidale and District Group of APS--NSW started on 6th August, 1977 as the New England Group of the Society for Growing Australian Plants. It has been running continuously since that time with a couple of name changes. -
Pima County Plant List (2020) Common Name Exotic? Source
Pima County Plant List (2020) Common Name Exotic? Source McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Abies concolor var. concolor White fir Devender, T. R. (2005) McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica Corkbark fir Devender, T. R. (2005) Abronia villosa Hariy sand verbena McLaughlin, S. (1992) McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Abutilon abutiloides Shrubby Indian mallow Devender, T. R. (2005) Abutilon berlandieri Berlandier Indian mallow McLaughlin, S. (1992) Abutilon incanum Indian mallow McLaughlin, S. (1992) McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Abutilon malacum Yellow Indian mallow Devender, T. R. (2005) Abutilon mollicomum Sonoran Indian mallow McLaughlin, S. (1992) Abutilon palmeri Palmer Indian mallow McLaughlin, S. (1992) Abutilon parishii Pima Indian mallow McLaughlin, S. (1992) McLaughlin, S. (1992); UA Abutilon parvulum Dwarf Indian mallow Herbarium; ASU Vascular Plant Herbarium Abutilon pringlei McLaughlin, S. (1992) McLaughlin, S. (1992); UA Abutilon reventum Yellow flower Indian mallow Herbarium; ASU Vascular Plant Herbarium McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Acacia angustissima Whiteball acacia Devender, T. R. (2005); DBGH McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Acacia constricta Whitethorn acacia Devender, T. R. (2005) McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Acacia greggii Catclaw acacia Devender, T. R. (2005) Acacia millefolia Santa Rita acacia McLaughlin, S. (1992) McLaughlin, S. (1992); Van Acacia neovernicosa Chihuahuan whitethorn acacia Devender, T. R. (2005) McLaughlin, S. (1992); UA Acalypha lindheimeri Shrubby copperleaf Herbarium Acalypha neomexicana New Mexico copperleaf McLaughlin, S. (1992); DBGH Acalypha ostryaefolia McLaughlin, S. (1992) Acalypha pringlei McLaughlin, S. (1992) Acamptopappus McLaughlin, S. (1992); UA Rayless goldenhead sphaerocephalus Herbarium Acer glabrum Douglas maple McLaughlin, S. (1992); DBGH Acer grandidentatum Sugar maple McLaughlin, S. (1992); DBGH Acer negundo Ashleaf maple McLaughlin, S. -
Human-Mediated Introductions of Australian Acacias
Diversity and Distributions, (Diversity Distrib.) (2011) 17, 771–787 S EDITORIAL Human-mediated introductions of PECIAL ISSUE Australian acacias – a global experiment in biogeography 1 2 1 3,4 David M. Richardson *, Jane Carruthers , Cang Hui , Fiona A. C. Impson , :H Joseph T. Miller5, Mark P. Robertson1,6, Mathieu Rouget7, Johannes J. Le Roux1 and John R. U. Wilson1,8 UMAN 1 Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of ABSTRACT - Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, MEDIATED INTRODUCTIONS OF Aim Australian acacias (1012 recognized species native to Australia, which were Matieland 7602, South Africa, 2Department of History, University of South Africa, PO Box previously grouped in Acacia subgenus Phyllodineae) have been moved extensively 392, Unisa 0003, South Africa, 3Department around the world by humans over the past 250 years. This has created the of Zoology, University of Cape Town, opportunity to explore how evolutionary, ecological, historical and sociological Rondebosch 7701, South Africa, 4Plant factors interact to affect the distribution, usage, invasiveness and perceptions of a Protection Research Institute, Private Bag globally important group of plants. This editorial provides the background for the X5017, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa, 20 papers in this special issue of Diversity and Distributions that focusses on the 5Centre for Australian National Biodiversity global cross-disciplinary experiment of introduced Australian acacias. A Journal of Conservation Biogeography Research, CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box Location Australia and global. 1600, Canberra, ACT, Australia, 6Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Methods The papers of the special issue are discussed in the context of a unified Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, framework for biological invasions. -
Proteaceae (Banksia Species)
Proteaceae (Banksia Species) Information: 90% of all Banksia species occur in South Western Australia. The two most com- mon Banksia species in the Perth region are the Firewood Banksia (Banksia menziesii) and the Slender or Candle Banksia (Banksia attenuata). These two species each flower throughout the two halves of the year and are an important source of food for countless animals. Large Banksias such as these as well as B. grandis, B. ilicifolia B. Prionotes and B. littoralis produce an abun- dance of nectar from their large flower spikes that sustain countless species and have traditionally been used as a source of food and drink by indigenous Australians. Banksias are highly adapted to a nutrient poor environment with harsh, dry climate having sunken stomata to preserve water and cluster roots to enhance nutrient uptake in Phosphorus deficient soils. Firewood Banksia (Banksia menziesii) with parasitic ’witches broom’ (insert) Pictures by A. Price Candle Banksia (Banksia attenuata) feeding a Honey Possum (Tarsipes rostratus) Picture courtesy of Kwongan Foundation Associated Life: Many animals drink nectar from Banksia flower heads including Perching birds such as Honeyeaters, Spinebills, robins and Wagtails as well as the Honey Possum, the worlds only nectarvorious marsupial. Bull Banksia European Honeybees are commonly (Banksia Grandis) found in or near flower spikes as are wee- vils and jewel beetles. Picture courtesy of Friends of Queens Park Bushland The seeds of the B.grandis are eaten by Carnaby’s black-cockatoo and the red- capped parrot. The Twig-mound ant builds its nest at the base of B. ilicifolia. Some moth species larvae burrow into Banksia cones and leaves. -
Coffea Liberica Click on Images to Enlarge
Species information Abo ut Reso urces Hom e A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Coffea liberica Click on images to enlarge Family Rubiaceae Scientific Name Coffea liberica W.Bull ex Hiern Hiern, W.P. (1876) Transactions Linnean Society 2 i: 171. Type: Sierra Leone, cultivated on Mr Effenhausens farm, Daniell s.n. Lectotype: BM, fide Bridson (1985). Leaves and Flowers. Copyright CSIRO Common name Liberian Coffee; Coffee, Liberian Weed * Stem Attains the dimensions of a tree but also flowers and fruits as a shrub. Leaves Flower. Copyright CSIRO Leaf blades about 14-25 x 5-9 cm, petioles about 1-2.5 cm long. Domatia are foveoles with backward pointing orifices partly obstructed with hairs. Foveoles also visible as humps on the upper surface of the leaf blade. Stipules triangular, about 3-4 mm long. Flowers Flowers borne in almost sessile clusters in the leaf axils. Flowers about 30-40 mm diam. Calyx lobes small and inconspicuous. Corolla tube about 10-12 mm long, lobes 7-8, about 6 mm long, glabrous. Stamens about 7-8. Ovules 1 per locule. Fruit Scale bar 10mm. Copyright CSIRO Fruits subglobose, about 18-30 mm long. Seeds two or three per fruit, each seed enclosed in a hard endocarp about 13-15 x 4-8 mm. Testa thin and papery. Endosperm with a longitudinal fold. Radicle not as wide as but much longer than the cotyledons. Seedlings Cotyledons orbicular to +/- reniform, about 30-50 mm diam., stipules present. -
An Investigation of Phyllode Variation in Acacia Verniciflua and A. Leprosa
CSIRO PUBLISHING www.publish.csiro.au/journals/asb Australian Systematic Botany 18, 383–398 An investigation of phyllode variation in Acacia verniciflua and A. leprosa (Mimosaceae), and implications for taxonomy Stuart K. GardnerA, Daniel J. MurphyB,C, Edward NewbiginA, Andrew N. DrinnanA and Pauline Y. LadigesA ASchool of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia. BRoyal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Private Bag 2000, South Yarra, Vic. 3141, Australia. CCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Acacia verniciflua A.Cunn. and A. leprosa Sieber ex DC. are believed to be closely related, although strict interpretation of the current sectional classification of subgenus Phyllodineae places them in separate sections based on main nerve number. Six populations, comprised of the common and the southern variants of A. verniciflua and the large phyllode variant of A. leprosa, were sampled to test the value of nerve number as a taxonomic character and the current delimitation of these geographically variable species. Morphometrics, microscopy and the AFLP technique were used to compare and contrast populations. Phyllode nerve development was investigated and the abaxial nerve was found to be homologous with the mid-rib of a simple leaf. Three taxa were differentiated, two that are consistently two-nerved and one taxon that is variably one-nerved, two-nerved or both within a single plant. The first two-nerved taxon, characterised by smaller phyllodes, matches the type specimen of A. verniciflua. The second two-nerved taxon, characterised by large phyllodes, is apparently endemic to Mt William. The third taxon, with variable main nerve number, also has large phyllodes, and combines large phyllode variant A. -
Final Annual Report 2005-2006
About us Contents MINISTER FOR THE Executive Director’s review 2 ENVIRONMENT About us 4 In accordance with Our commitment 4 Section 70A of the Our organisation 7 Financial Administration The year in summary 12 and Audit Act 1985, I submit for your Highlights of 2005-2006 12 Strategic Planning Framework 16 information and presentation to Parliament What we do 18 the final annual report of Nature Conservation – Service 1 18 the Department of Sustainable Forest Management – Service 2 65 Conservation and Land Performance of Statutory Functions by the Conservation Commission Management. of Western Australia (see page 194) – Service 3 Parks and Visitor Services – Service 4 76 Astronomical Services – Service 5 112 General information 115 John Byrne Corporate Services 115 REPORTING CALM-managed lands and waters 118 OFFICER Estate map 120 31 August 2006 Fire management services 125 Statutory information 137 Public Sector Standards and Codes of Conduct 137 Legislation 138 Disability Services 143 EEO and diversity management 144 Electoral Act 1907 145 Energy Smart 146 External funding, grants and sponsorships 147 Occupational safety and health 150 Record keeping 150 Substantive equality 151 Waste paper recycling 151 Publications produced in 2005-2006 152 Performance indicators 174 Financial statements 199 The opinion of the Auditor General appears after the performance indicators departmentofconservationandlandmanagement 1 About us Executive Director’s review The year in review has proved to be significant for the Department of Conservation and Land Management (CALM) for the work undertaken and because it has turned out to be the Department’s final year of operation. The Minister for the Environment announced in May 2006 that CALM would merge with the Department of Environment on 1 July 2006 to form the Department of Environment and Conservation. -
Register of Tabled Papers
REGISTER OF TABLED PAPERS ALL SIX SESSIONS OF THE EIGHTH PARLIAMENT January 1879 to July 1883 Register of Tabled Papers — First Session — Eighth Parliament Papers received in the recess prior to the First Session Undated 1 Writ for Joshua Peter Bell as a Member for the Electoral District of Northern Downs. 2 Writ for Peter McLean as a Member for the Electoral District of Logan. FIRST SESSION OF THE EIGHTH PARLIAMENT 14 January 1879 3 Commission to administer the Oath or Affirmation of Allegiance to Members. 22 Writ and Oath for George Morris Simpson as the Member for the Electoral District of Dalby. Writ and Oath for William Lambert Forbes as the Member for the Electoral District of Clermont. Writ and Oath for John Scott as a Member for the Electoral District of Leichhardt. Writ and Oath for Francis Tyssen Amhurst as the Member for the Electoral District of Mackay. Writ and Oath for Archibald Archer as the Member for the Electoral District of Blackall. Writ and Oath for William Henry Baynes as the Member for the Electoral District of Burnett. Writ and Oath for Joshua Peter Bell as the Member for the Electoral District of Northern Downs. Writ and Oath for Samual Grimes as the Member for the Electoral District of Oxley. Writ and Oath for John Hamilton as the Member for the Electoral District of Gympie Writ and Oath for John Deane as the Member for the Electoral District of Townsville. Writ and Oath for Charles Lumley Hill as the Member for the Electoral District of Gregory. Writ and Oath for Henry Rogers Beor as the Member for the Electoral District of Bowen. -
Federal Budget 2020-2021
Federal Budget 2020-2021 The Federal Budget was handed down by Treasurer Josh Frydenberg on 6 October 2020, after it was postponed from May due to the coronavirus pandemic. Overview The deficit is projected to reach $213.7 billion in the 2020-21 financial year, or around 11 per cent of GDP. Deficits are forecast for the next decade. Net debt will increase to $703 billion, around 36 per cent of GDP, and is expected to peak at $966 billion, or 44 per cent of GDP, in 2024. Gross debt will peak at over $1.1 trillion in 2023-24. Treasury expects unemployment will reach 8 per cent before the end of the year, and the Budget forecasts the economy will grow by 4.25 per cent next calendar year. The economy contracted 7 per cent in the June quarter. Macroeconomic figures in the Budget are based on the assumption that a “population wide” vaccine will be “fully in place” by late 2021. Infrastructure • The Budget includes an extra $14 billion in new infrastructure funding, bringing the 10- year infrastructure pipeline to $110 billion. The funding will be provided on a ‘use it or lose it’ basis, where the state must start work quickly or the Federal Government will give it to another state • $2 billion in road safety upgrades, such as road widening, centre lines and barriers, which will be identified and delivered in three six-month tranches • $1 billion to support local councils to immediately upgrade local roads, footpaths and street lighting, as an extension of the Local Roads and Community Infrastructure program • $36.9 million over 4 years from