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Gerenciador De Ativos De Proteção Em Subestações Baseado Na Iec 61850

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Gerenciador De Ativos De Proteção Em Subestações Baseado Na Iec 61850 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE ESCOLA DE ENGENHARIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA E DE TELECOMUNICAÇÕES MARCO ANTONIO ABI-RAMIA JUNIOR GERENCIADOR DE ATIVOS DE PROTEÇÃO EM SUBESTAÇÕES BASEADO NA IEC 61850 NITERÓI, RJ 2017 ii MARCO ANTONIO ABI-RAMIA JUNIOR MATRÍCULA: M054.216.008 GERENCIADOR DE ATIVOS DE PROTEÇÃO EM SUBESTAÇÕES BASEADO NA IEC 61850 Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica e Telecomunicações da Universidade Federal Fluminense, como requisito parcial para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica e de Telecomunicações. Orientadora: Prof. Natália Castro Fernandes, D.Sc. Coorientador: Prof. Márcio Zamboti Fortes, Dr. Niterói, RJ 2017 iii iv MARCO ANTONIO ABI-RAMIA JUNIOR GERENCIADOR DE ATIVOS DE PROTEÇÃO EM SUBESTAÇÕES BASEADO NA IEC 61850 Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica e Telecomunicações da Universidade Federal Fluminense, como requisito parcial para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica e de Telecomunicações. Aprovado em 20/12/2017. v Este trabalho é dedicado aos meus queridos pais, Marco Antonio Abi-Ramia e Helena Maria Baptista Pereira Abi-Ramia, que muito se esforçaram para me possibilitar boas oportunidades de estudos, e que sempre me apoiaram e incentivaram nas realizações de meus projetos, mesmo os mais inusitados. vi AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, que está ao meu lado em todo os momentos de minha vida, me dando conforto, alento, coragem e força. À Ana Maria Dore Bastos Abi-Ramia, minha esposa companheira, que nos momentos de sufoco sempre me lembrou de que sou capaz de ultrapassar os obstáculos. Obrigado pelo carinho, a paciência e por sua capacidade de me acalmar na correria da vida entre as obrigações do trabalho, estudo, família e lar. Aos Professores da UFF, companheiros nesta caminhada, posso dizer que a minha formação, não teria sido a mesma sem a presença de vocês. Em especial, agradeço à Yona Lopes, querida amiga que me abriu portas na nesta universidade, e aos meus orientadores Natália Castro Fernandes e Márcio Zamboti Fortes, pela paciência, pelos diversos ensinamentos ao longo destes anos de mestrado e por acreditarem no meu potencial. Aos colegas de trabalho em Furnas, Ângelo Andelnyr Sampaio Alves, Wagner Queiroga Dos Reis Santos, Filipe Fernandes Machado, Paulo Roberto Assumpção De Souza, Levi Cirqueira Santos Junior e José Geraldo Franceschett pelo suporte, ajuda, amizade e compreensão. À Adriana Barroso De Vasconcellos Moura, João Silvério Dourado Pereira e Marco Antonio Fernandes Ramos por me facilitarem a execução deste projeto. Aos professores da UEMG, Ms.C. Alessandro de Castro Borges e Ms.C. Gualberto Rabay Filho, pelos ensinamentos, pelo apoio e pela participação determinante na minha jornada acadêmica. A todos aqueles que participaram e colaboraram com a realização deste trabalho, o meu muito obrigado! Vencemos! vii “Nada existe de tão difícil que não seja vencível.” Júlio Cesar “Sempre há uma saída para qualquer problema, por mais complexo e difícil que nos pareça.” C. Torres Pastorino “O gênio consiste em um por cento de inspiração e noventa e nove por cento de transpiração.” Thomas Edison “Procure ser um homem de valor, em vez de ser um homem de sucesso.” Albert Einstein viii RESUMO Apesar da existência de toda sorte de iniciativas e esforços, além de padrões, normas e protocolos que intencionam garantir que sistemas onde coexistam Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) de diferentes fabricantes se comuniquem de forma transparente, o problema da interoperabilidade entre equipamentos de proteção que se comunicam através de redes de dados ainda constitui um dos principais desafios para gestão técnica de plataformas de automação, proteção e controle. Depois de configurados e validados em uma estação, os equipamentos são disponibilizados para operação comercial deixando uma série de alterações e adaptações do projeto original sem registro formal, por vezes registradas de forma imprecisa, incompleta ou mesmo redundante. Esta dissertação apresenta uma proposta de sistema unificado para levantamento de ativos de proteção aderentes à norma IEC 61850, conectados a uma rede de automação, supervisão e controle. IEDs de diferentes fabricantes são identificados e tem suas funções disponíveis listadas em um relatório, sem alterar, contudo, as parametrizações de função e de operação dos IEDs. Os algoritmos utilizados para registro de ativos de proteção conectados a uma rede de dados, escritos em Python e LabView, se comunicam com peças de software comercial e se utilizam de técnicas de seleção, análise e manipulação de dados para produzir informações consistentes sobre os ativos de proteção em uma subestação. Os algoritmos desenvolvidos são baseados em duas referências principais. Uma delas é o que diz a norma IEC 61850. A outra é um estudo de como se deu a implementação desta norma por alguns fabricantes de IEDs presentes no mercado brasileiro. Foram analisados três tipos de IEDs como caso de estudo, sendo demonstrando o potencial do sistema apresentado. O sistema proposto ainda auxilia na pesquisa de defeitos, problemas de desempenho da rede e na identificação de alterações ocorridas na rede de IEDs de uma subestação. Palavras-chave: Gerenciamento de ativos, comunicação de dados, automação de subestações, proteção, supervisão e controle, IEC 61850. ix ABSTRACT Despite the existence of all kind of initiatives and efforts, in addition to standards, norms and protocols that aim to ensure that systems with different IEDs manufacturers coexist in a transparent manner, the problem of interoperability between protection equipment communicating through data networks is still one of the main challenges for the technical management of automation, protection and control platforms. Once configured and validated, the equipment is set available for commercial operation, leaving behind a series of changes and tunings of the original project without proper and formal registration, or recorded in an imprecise, incomplete or even redundant way. This dissertation presents a proposal for a unified system for surveying protection assets adhering to the IEC 61850 standard, connected to an automation, supervision and control network. IEDs from different manufacturers are identified and have their available functions listed in a report, without, however, changing the function or operation parameterizations of the IEDs. The algorithms used for collect data over an IED network, written in Python and LabView, communicate with pieces of commercial software and use selection, analysis and data manipulation techniques to produce consistent information about protection assets in a substation. The algorithms are based on IEC 61850 and the study of how the implementation of this standard was given by some IEDs manufacturers present in the Brazilian market. As case study, three types of IEDs were analyzed, demonstrating the presented system's potential. The proposed system also assists in troubleshooting defects, network performance problems and in identifying changes occurring within a substation's IED network. Keywords: Asset manager, data communication, substation automation, automation, supervisory, control, IEC 61850. x SUMÁRIO 1. Introdução............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Motivação .......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Objetivos ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Principais contribuições .................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Estrutura do documento .................................................................................................... 5 2 Fundamentação teórica ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Sistemas de geração e transmissão de energia elétrica ..................................................... 7 2.2 Proteção de sistemas elétricos de potência ....................................................................... 9 2.3 A norma IEC 61850 ........................................................................................................ 14 2.3.1 Requisitos gerais......................................................................................................... 17 2.3.2 Gerenciamento do projeto e sistema .......................................................................... 17 2.3.3 Requisitos de comunicação ........................................................................................ 17 2.3.4 Nó Lógico, LN (Logical Node) .................................................................................. 18 2.3.5 Linguagem de configuração ....................................................................................... 20 2.3.6 Estrutura de comunicação .......................................................................................... 21 2.3.7 Serviço de Interface de Comunicação Abstrata, ACSI .............................................. 21 2.3.8 Classe Comum de Dados, CDC ................................................................................. 21 2.3.9 Compatibilidade entre Nós Lógicos e Classes de Dados ........................................... 22 2.3.10 Mapeamento de serviços de comunicação
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