Pipe Flow Wizard for Windows User Guide

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Pipe Flow Wizard for Windows User Guide www.pipeflow.com Pipe Flow Wizard For Windows Fluid Flow and Pressure Loss Calculations Software User Guide Pipe Flow Wizard for Windows User Guide Copyright Notice © 2019 All Rights Reserved Daxesoft Ltd. Distribution Limited to Authorized Persons Only. Trade Secret Notice The PipeFlow.com, PipeFlow.co.uk and Daxesoft Ltd. name and logo and all related product and service names, design marks, logos, and slogans are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Daxesoft Ltd. All other product names and trademarks contained herein are the trademarks of their respective owners. Printed in the United Kingdom – October 2019 Information in this document is subject to change without notice. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement. It is against the law to copy the software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the license agreement. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or information recording and retrieval systems, for any purpose without the express written permission of Daxesoft Ltd. 2 Pipe Flow Wizard for Windows User Guide Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Pipe Flow Wizard Software Overview .................................................................................. 8 1.2 Minimum Operating System Requirements ......................................................................... 9 1.3 Licensing Information ....................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Contacting Pipe Flow Software ......................................................................................... 13 1.5 Additional Pipe Flow Software Programs........................................................................... 14 2 Interface and Menus .................................................................................................... 15 2.1 Main Menu Bar ................................................................................................................ 15 2.1.1 File Menu ........................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.2 Units Menu ......................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1.3 License Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 18 2.1.4 View Menu ......................................................................................................................................... 19 2.1.5 Tools Menu ........................................................................................................................................ 20 2.1.6 Verification Menu .............................................................................................................................. 21 2.1.7 Help .................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.2 Calculation Panel .............................................................................................................. 23 2.2.1 Calculation Menu Bar ......................................................................................................................... 24 2.3 Results Panel .................................................................................................................... 26 2.3.1 Results Menu Bar ............................................................................................................................... 27 2.4 Expandable Sections ......................................................................................................... 28 3 Views .......................................................................................................................... 29 3.1 Column View .................................................................................................................... 29 3.2 Tab View .......................................................................................................................... 31 4 Settings ....................................................................................................................... 32 4.1 Units ................................................................................................................................ 33 4.2 Results Decimals .............................................................................................................. 34 4.3 General ............................................................................................................................ 35 4.4 Reports ............................................................................................................................ 36 4.5 Reset................................................................................................................................ 37 5 File and Calculation Operations .................................................................................... 38 5.1 Filename Extensions ......................................................................................................... 38 5.2 Data File Location ............................................................................................................. 38 6 Pressure Drop Calculation ............................................................................................ 40 6.1 Pressure Drop Calculation - Liquid ..................................................................................... 41 6.2 Pressure Drop Calculation - Gas ........................................................................................ 43 7 Flow Rate Calculation .................................................................................................. 45 7.1 Flow Rate Calculation - Liquid ........................................................................................... 46 3 Pipe Flow Wizard for Windows User Guide 7.2 Flow Rate Calculation - Gas ............................................................................................... 48 8 Pipe Diameter Calculation ............................................................................................ 50 8.1 Pipe Diameter Calculation - Liquid .................................................................................... 51 8.2 Pipe Diameter Calculation - Gas ........................................................................................ 53 9 Pipe Length Calculation ............................................................................................... 55 9.1 Pipe Length Calculation - Liquid ........................................................................................ 56 9.2 Pipe Length Calculation - Gas ............................................................................................ 58 10 Fluids Database ......................................................................................................... 60 10.1 Adding Fluid to the Fluid Database .................................................................................. 62 10.2 Adding Gas Data to the Fluid Database ............................................................................ 63 11 Pipe Material & Diameters ......................................................................................... 64 11.1 Selecting a Pipe Material ................................................................................................ 64 11.2 Editing a Pipe Material .................................................................................................... 65 11.3 Adding a new Pipe Material ............................................................................................ 65 11.4 Selecting a Pipe Diameter ............................................................................................... 66 11.5 Editing a Pipe Diameter .................................................................................................. 67 11.6 Adding a Pipe Diameter .................................................................................................. 67 12 Fittings & Valves ........................................................................................................ 68 12.1 Adding a Fitting to the Pipe ............................................................................................. 68 12.2 Removing a Fitting from the Pipe .................................................................................... 69 12.3 Adding a Fitting to the Database ..................................................................................... 70 13 Flow Rate Calculator / Helper .................................................................................... 72 14 Calculations and Results............................................................................................. 73 14.1 Automatic Checks and Updates ....................................................................................... 73 14.1.1 Fitting Sizes .....................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Calculate the Friction Factor for a Pipe Using the Colebrook-White Equation
    TOPIC T2: FLOW IN PIPES AND CHANNELS AUTUMN 2013 Objectives (1) Calculate the friction factor for a pipe using the Colebrook-White equation. (2) Undertake head loss, discharge and sizing calculations for single pipelines. (3) Use head-loss vs discharge relationships to calculate flow in pipe networks. (4) Relate normal depth to discharge for uniform flow in open channels. 1. Pipe flow 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Governing equations for circular pipes 1.3 Laminar pipe flow 1.4 Turbulent pipe flow 1.5 Expressions for the Darcy friction factor, λ 1.6 Other losses 1.7 Pipeline calculations 1.8 Energy and hydraulic grade lines 1.9 Simple pipe networks 1.10 Complex pipe networks (optional) 2. Open-channel flow 2.1 Normal flow 2.2 Hydraulic radius and the drag law 2.3 Friction laws – Chézy and Manning’s formulae 2.4 Open-channel flow calculations 2.5 Conveyance 2.6 Optimal shape of cross-section Appendix References Chadwick and Morfett (2013) – Chapters 4, 5 Hamill (2011) – Chapters 6, 8 White (2011) – Chapters 6, 10 (note: uses f = 4cf = λ for “friction factor”) Massey (2011) – Chapters 6, 7 (note: uses f = cf = λ/4 for “friction factor”) Hydraulics 2 T2-1 David Apsley 1. PIPE FLOW 1.1 Introduction The flow of water, oil, air and gas in pipes is of great importance to engineers. In particular, the design of distribution systems depends on the relationship between discharge (Q), diameter (D) and available head (h). Flow Regimes: Laminar or Turbulent laminar In 1883, Osborne Reynolds demonstrated the occurrence of two regimes of flow – laminar or turbulent – according to the size of a dimensionless parameter later named the Reynolds number.
    [Show full text]
  • Intermittency As a Transition to Turbulence in Pipes: a Long Tradition from Reynolds to the 21St Century Christophe Letellier
    Intermittency as a transition to turbulence in pipes: A long tradition from Reynolds to the 21st century Christophe Letellier To cite this version: Christophe Letellier. Intermittency as a transition to turbulence in pipes: A long tradition from Reynolds to the 21st century. Comptes Rendus Mécanique, Elsevier Masson, 2017, 345 (9), pp.642- 659. 10.1016/j.crme.2017.06.004. hal-02130924 HAL Id: hal-02130924 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02130924 Submitted on 16 May 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License C. R. Mecanique 345 (2017) 642–659 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comptes Rendus Mecanique www.sciencedirect.com A century of fluid mechanics: 1870–1970 / Un siècle de mécanique des fluides : 1870–1970 Intermittency as a transition to turbulence in pipes: A long tradition from Reynolds to the 21st century Les intermittencies comme transition vers la turbulence dans des tuyaux : Une longue tradition, de Reynolds au XXIe siècle Christophe Letellier Normandie Université, CORIA, avenue de l’Université, 76800 Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, France a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Intermittencies are commonly observed in fluid mechanics, and particularly, in pipe Received 21 October 2016 flows.
    [Show full text]
  • Basic Principles of Flow of Liquid and Particles in a Pipeline
    1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FLOW OF LIQUID AND PARTICLES IN A PIPELINE 1.1 LIQUID FLOW The principles of the flow of a substance in a pressurised pipeline are governed by the basic physical laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The conservation laws are expressed mathematically by means of balance equations. In the most general case, these are the differential equations, which describe the flow process in general conditions in an infinitesimal control volume. Simpler equations may be obtained by implementing the specific flow conditions characteristic of a chosen control volume. 1.1.1 Conservation of mass Conservation of mass in a control volume (CV) is written in the form: the rate of mass input = the rate of mass output + the rate of mass accumulation. Thus d ()mass =−()qq dt ∑ outlet inlet in which q [kg/s] is the total mass flow rate through all boundaries of the CV. In the general case of unsteady flow of a compressible substance of density ρ, the differential equation evaluating mass balance (or continuity) is ∂ρ G G +∇.()ρV =0 (1.1) ∂t G in which t denotes time and V velocity vector. For incompressible (ρ = const.) liquid and steady (∂ρ/∂t = 0) flow the equation is given in its simplest form ∂vx ∂vy ∂vz ++=0 (1.2). ∂x ∂y ∂z The physical explanation of the equation is that the mass flow rates qm = ρVA [kg/s] for steady flow at the inlet and outlet of the control volume are equal. Expressed in terms of the mean values of quantities at the inlet and outlet of the control volume, given by a pipeline length section, the equation is 1.1 1.2 CHAPTER 1 qm = ρVA = const.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 155 Design of PE Piping Systems
    Chapter 6 155 Design of PE Piping Systems Chapter 6 Design of PE Piping Systems Introduction Design of a PE piping system is essentially no different than the design undertaken with any ductile and flexible piping material. The design equations and relationships are well-established in the literature, and they can be employed in concert with the distinct performance properties of this material to create a piping system which will provide very many years of durable and reliable service for the intended application. In the pages which follow, the basic design methods covering the use of PE pipe in a variety of applications are discussed. The material is divided into four distinct sections as follows: Section 1 covers Design based on Working Pressure Requirements. Procedures are included for dealing with the effects of temperature, surge pressures, and the nature of the fluid being conveyed, on the sustained pressure capacity of the PE pipe. Section 2 deals with the hydraulic design of PE piping. It covers flow considerations for both pressure and non-pressure pipe. Section 3 focuses on burial design and flexible pipeline design theory. From this discussion, the designer will develop a clear understanding of the nature of pipe/soil interaction and the relative importance of trench design as it relates to the use of a flexible piping material. Finally, Section 4 deals with the response of PE pipe to temperature change. As with any construction material, PE expands and contracts in response to changes in temperature. Specific design methodologies will be presented in this section to address this very important aspect of pipeline design as it relates to the use of PE pipe.
    [Show full text]
  • Fluid Mechanics 2016
    Fluid Mechanics 2016 CE 15008 Fluid Mechanics LECTURE NOTES Module-III Prepared By Dr. Prakash Chandra Swain Professor in Civil Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla BranchBranch - Civil- Civil Engineering Engineering in B Tech B TECHth SemesterSemester – 4 –th 4 Se Semmesterester Department Of Civil Engineering VSSUT, Burla Prof. P. C. Swain Page 1 Fluid Mechanics 2016 Disclaimer This document does not claim any originality and cannot be used as a substitute for prescribed textbooks. The information presented here is merely a collection by Prof. P. C. Swain with the inputs of Post Graduate students for their respective teaching assignments as an additional tool for the teaching-learning process. Various sources as mentioned at the reference of the document as well as freely available materials from internet were consulted for preparing this document. Further, this document is not intended to be used for commercial purpose and the authors are not accountable for any issues, legal or otherwise, arising out of use of this document. The authors make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. Prof. P. C. Swain Page 2 Fluid Mechanics 2016 COURSE CONTENT CE 15008: FLUID MECHANICS (3-1-0) CR-04 Module – III (12 Hours) Fluid dynamics: Basic equations: Equation of continuity; One-dimensional Euler’s equation of motion and its integration to obtain Bernoulli’s equation and momentum equation. Flow through pipes: Laminar and turbulent flow in pipes; Hydraulic mean radius; Concept of losses; Darcy-Weisbach equation; Moody’s (Stanton) diagram; Flow in sudden expansion and contraction; Minor losses in fittings; Branched pipes in parallel and series, Transmission of power; Water hammer in pipes (Sudden closure condition).
    [Show full text]
  • Selecting the Optimum Pipe Size
    PDHonline Course M270 (12 PDH) Selecting the Optimum Pipe Size Instructor: Randall W. Whitesides, P.E. 2012 PDH Online | PDH Center 5272 Meadow Estates Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-6658 Phone & Fax: 703-988-0088 www.PDHonline.org www.PDHcenter.com An Approved Continuing Education Provider www.PDHcenter.com PDH Course M270 www.PDHonline.org Selecting the Optimum Pipe Size Copyright © 2008, 2015 Randall W. Whitesides, P.E. Introduction Pipe, What is It? Without a doubt, one of the most efficient and natural simple machines has to be the pipe. By definition it is a hollow cylinder of metal, wood, or other material, used for the conveyance of water, gas, steam, petroleum, and so forth. The pipe, as a conduit and means to transfer mass from point to point, was not invented, it evolved; the standard circular cross sectional geometry is exhibited even in blood vessels. Pipe is a ubiquitous product in the industrial, commercial, and residential industries. It is fabricated from a wide variety of materials - steel, copper, cast iron, concrete, and various plastics such as ABS, PVC, CPVC, polyethylene, and polybutylene, among others. Pipes are identified by nominal or trade names that are proximately related to the actual diametral dimensions. It is common to identify pipes by inches using NPS or Nominal Pipe Size. Fortunately pipe size designation has been standardized. It is fabricated to nominal size with the outside diameter of a given size remaining constant while changing wall thickness is reflected in varying inside diameter. The outside diameter of sizes up to 12 inch NPS are fractionally larger than the stated nominal size.
    [Show full text]
  • Steady Flow Analysis of Pipe Networks: an Instructional Manual
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Reports Utah Water Research Laboratory January 1974 Steady Flow Analysis of Pipe Networks: An Instructional Manual Roland W. Jeppson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/water_rep Part of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Recommended Citation Jeppson, Roland W., "Steady Flow Analysis of Pipe Networks: An Instructional Manual" (1974). Reports. Paper 300. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/water_rep/300 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Utah Water Research Laboratory at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STEADY FLOW ANALYSIS OF PIPE NETWORKS­ An Instructional Manual by Roland W. Jeppson Developed with support from the Quality of Rural Life Program funded by the Kellogg Foundation and Utah State University Copyright ® 1974 by Roland W. Jeppson This manual, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the author. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Utah Water Research Laboratory Utah State University Logan. Utah 84322 $6.50 September 1974 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID MECHANICS Introduction . Fluid Properties Density. I Specific weight I Viscosity 1 Example Problems Dealing with Fluid Properties 2 Conservation Laws 3 In trodu cti on 3 Continuity. 3 Example Problems Applying Continuity 4 Conservation of Energy (Bernoulli Equation) 6 Example Problems Dealing with Conservation Laws 9 Momentum Principle in Fluid Mechanics 12 II FRICTIONAL HEAD LOSSES 13 Introduction . 13 Darcy-Weisbach Equation.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Darcy-Weisbach Equation for Pipe Flow Resistance
    ENVIRONMENTAL AND WATER RESOURCES HISTORY 34 The History of the Darcy-Weisbach Equation for Pipe Flow Resistance Glenn O. Brown1 Abstract The historical development of the Darcy-Weisbach equation for pipe flow resistance is examined. A concise examination of the evolution of the equation itself and the Darcy friction factor is presented from their inception to the present day. The contributions of Chézy, Weisbach, Darcy, Poiseuille, Hagen, Prandtl, Blasius, von Kármán, Nikuradse, Colebrook, White, Rouse and Moody are described. Introduction What we now call the Darcy-Weisbach equation combined with the supplementary Moody Diagram (Figure 1) is the accepted method to calculate energy losses resulting from fluid motion in pipes and other closed conduits. When used together with the continuity, energy and minor loss equations, piping systems may be analyzed and designed for any fluid under most conditions of engineering interest. Put into more common terms, the Darcy-Weisbach equation will tell us the capacity of an oil pipeline, what diameter water main to install, or the pressure drop that occurs in an air duct. In a word, it is an indispensable formula if we wish to engineer systems that move liquids or gasses from one point to another. The Darcy-Weisbach equation has a long history of development, which started in the 18th century and continues to this day. While it is named after two great engineers of the 19th century, many others have also aided in the effort. This paper will attempt the somewhat thorny task of reviewing the development of the equation and recognizing the engineers and scientists who have contributed the most to the perfection of the relationship.
    [Show full text]
  • Viscous Flow in Ducts Reynolds Number Regimes
    Viscous Flow in Ducts We want to study the viscous flow in ducts with various velocities, fluids and duct shapes. The basic problem is this: Given the pipe geometry and its added components (e.g. fittings, valves, bends, and diffusers) plus the desired flow rate and fluid properties, what pressure drop is needed to drive the flow? Reynolds number regimes The most important parameter in fluid mechanics is the Reynolds number: where is the fluid density, U is the flow velocity, L is the characteristics length scale related to the flow geometry, and is the fluid viscosity. The Reynolds number can be interpreted as the ratio of momentum (or inertia) to viscous forces. A profound change in fluid behavior occurs at moderate Reynolds number. The flow ceases being smooth and steady (laminar) and becomes fluctuating (turbulent). The changeover is called transition. Transition depends on many effects such as wall roughness or the fluctuations in the inlet stream, but the primary parameter is the Reynolds number. Turbulence can be measured by sensitive instruments such as a hot‐wire anemometer or piezoelectric pressure transducer. Fig.1: The three regimes of viscous flow: a) laminar (low Re), b) transition at intermediate Re, and c) turbulent flow in high Re. The fluctuations, typically ranging from 1 to 20% of the average velocity, are not strictly periodic but are random and encompass a continuous range of frequencies. In a typical wind tunnel flow at high Re, the turbulent frequency ranges from 1 to 10,000 Hz. The higher Re turbulent flow is unsteady and irregular but, when averaged over time, is steady and predictable.
    [Show full text]
  • Fluid Mechanics
    FLUID MECHANICS PROF. DR. METİN GÜNER COMPILER ANKARA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND TECHNOLOGIES ENGINEERING 1 5. FLOW IN PIPES 5.1.3. Pressure and Shear Stress Fully developed steady flow in a constant diameter pipe may be driven by gravity and/or pressure forces. For horizontal pipe flow, gravity has no effect except for a hydrostatic pressure variation across the pipe, 훾퐷, that is usually negligible. It is the pressure difference, ∆푃 = 푃1 − 푃2 between one section of the horizontal pipe and another which forces the fluid through the pipe. Viscous effects provide the restraining force that exactly balances the pressure force, thereby allowing the fluid to flow through the pipe with no acceleration. If viscous effects were absent in such flows, the pressure would be constant throughout the pipe, except for the hydrostatic variation. In non-fully developed flow regions, such as the entrance region of a pipe, the fluid accelerates or decelerates as it flows (the velocity profile changes from a uniform profile at the entrance of the pipe to its fully developed profile at the end of the entrance region). Thus, in the entrance region there is a balance between pressure, viscous, and inertia (acceleration) forces. The result is a pressure distribution along the horizontal pipe as shown in Fig.5.7. The magnitude of the 휕푃 pressure gradient, , is larger in the entrance region than in the fully developed 휕푥 휕푃 ∆푃 region, where it is a constant, = − < 0. 휕푥 퐿 The fact that there is a nonzero pressure gradient along the horizontal pipe is a result of viscous effects.
    [Show full text]
  • The Critical Point of the Transition to Turbulence in Pipe Flow
    Under consideration for publication in J. Fluid Mech. 1 The critical point of the transition to turbulence in pipe flow Vasudevan Mukund1 and Bj¨ornHof1y, 1Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria (Received xx; revised xx; accepted xx) In pipes, turbulence sets in despite the linear stability of the laminar Hagen-Poiseuille flow. The Reynolds number (Re) for which turbulence first appears in a given experiment - the `natural transition point'- depends on imperfections of the set-up, or more precisely, on the magnitude of finite amplitude perturbations. At onset, turbulence typically only occupies a certain fraction of the flow and this fraction equally is found to differ from experiment to experiment. Despite these findings, Reynolds proposed that after sufficiently long times, flows may settle to a steady condition: below a critical velocity flows should (regardless of initial conditions) always return to laminar while above eddying motion should persist. As will be shown, even in pipes several thousand diameters long the spatio-temporal intermittent flow patterns observed at the end of the pipe strongly depend on the initial conditions and there is no indication that different flow patterns would eventually settle to a (statistical) steady state. Exploiting the fact that turbulent puffs do not age (i.e. they are memoryless), we continuously recreate the puff sequence exiting the pipe at the pipe entrance, and in doing so introduce periodic boundary conditions for the puff pattern. This procedure allows us to study the evolution of the flow patterns for arbitrary long times, and we find that after times in excess of 107 advective time units, indeed a statistical steady state is reached.
    [Show full text]
  • TURBULENT FLOWS We Generally Differentiate Between a Laminar and a Turbulent Flow State
    Lecture material – Environmental Hydraulic Simulation Page 61 2.2.1.2 TURBULENT FLOWS We generally differentiate between a laminar and a turbulent flow state. If the flow velocity is very small, the flow will be laminar, and if the flow velocity exceeds a certain boundary value, the flow becomes turbulent. Figure 2-14 shows this transition from a “well-ordered” laminar state to a seemingly stochastic and “chaotic” turbulent state for pipe flow. This experiment has already been done by Reynolds around 1860. Reynolds had then shown that the transition from laminar to turbulent can be described by the dimension-less Reynolds-number = u⋅ L Re ν Eq. 2-134 with u being the “typical“ velocity, L being the „typical“ characteristic length and ν being the kinematical viscosity. The characteristic length L is used for the description of fluid-transport processes (hydrodynamics, mass transport, heat transport, etc.) in so-called dimensionless index numbers, such as the Reynolds-number or Prandtl-number. It has the dimension of a length, but describes the three-dimensional geometry of a reference system. In simplified terms we apply for the characteristic length in the Reynolds number the diameter if there is a pipe flow or the water depth if we have an open channel flow. The critical Reynolds number for pipe flow is about 580, so that for example the flow within a pipe with the diameter D=0,20 m is turbulent if the flow velocity is greater than ∼ 3 mm/s. This observation makes clear that most of the flows with technical relevance are turbulent.
    [Show full text]