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Small Animal Dentistry

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Small Animal Dentistry 2017 WINTER MEETING Sunday, February 19, 2017 Burlington Hilton Hotel Donnell Hansen, DVM, DAVDC Blue Pearl Veterinary Partners NAVIGATING A DAY IN THE LIFE OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY HOLD THE DATE! VVMA SUMMER MEETING Small Animal Topic TBD by your survey responses! Friday, June 23, 2017 Please complete and return the survey in your Burlington Hilton Hotel registration packet 6 CE Credit Hours Bovine Topic: Food Armor – Phase II Thanks for being a VVMA member! We are pleased to welcome the following members who joined since our 2016 Summer Meeting Kristian Ash – Peak Veterinary Referral Center Paul Kotas – Green Mtn. Veterinary Hospital Emma Basham – Chelsea Animal Hospital *Aaron Lothrop - Essex Veterinary Center Brendan Bergquist – Franklin Cty Animal Rescue *Alice McCormick – Petit Brook Vet. Clinic Noel Berman – Peak Veterinary Referral Center *Meghan Morrell – Vermont Large Animal Clinic Tim Bolton – Peak Veterinary Referral Center Kimberly O’Connor – Derby Pond Animal Hosp. *Meagan Coneeny – Walpole Veterinary Hospital Carrie Olson – Vergennes Animal Hospital *Amy Cook – Newbury Veterinary Clinic Joanna Schmidt – BEVS J. Nicholas Drolet – Stowe Veterinary Clinic Nell Snider – Veremedy Pet Hospital *Amber Goodwin – Vermont Large Animal Clinic Christopher Spooner – Oxbow Veterinary Clinic *Andrew Hagner – Hill’s Pet Nutrition *Emily Sullivan-Riverside Vet. Care & Dental Ser. Thomas Linden – Northwest Veterinary Assoc. Bradley Temple – Springfield Animal Hospital * Attending this 2017 Winter Meeting! VVMA Mission: Promoting excellence in veterinary medicine, animal well-being and public health through education, advocacy and outreach. VVMA Vision: 88 Beech Street To be the preeminent authority on veterinary medicine Essex Jct., VT 05452 and animal well-being in Vermont. 802-878-6888 office 802-734-9688 cell VVMA Values: www.vtvets.org Integrity, Service, Dedication, Compassion, [email protected] Inclusivity, Visionary Thinking, Life-Long Learning For questions or more information on the VVMA, contact Executive Director Kathy Finnie. 2017 Winter Meeting Vendors Thank you for your support of our Meeting! 4 Legs & A Tail Tim Hoen [email protected] Abaxis Echo McDonough [email protected] Burlington Emergency & Vet. Specialists Whitney Durivage [email protected] Christian Veterinary Mission Dr. Amy St. Denis [email protected] Companion Therapy Laser by LiteCure Kevin Gouvin [email protected] Elanco Animal Health Elizabeth Hall [email protected] Brandon McCrum [email protected] Haun Gases Jamie Badger [email protected] Eric Eliason [email protected] Henry Schein Animal Health Martha Rose [email protected] Jazz Heath [email protected] Hill’s Pet Nutrition Dr. Cynthia Farrell [email protected] Dr. Andrew Hagner [email protected] Merial Limited Mary Kathryn Edwards [email protected] Midwest Veterinary Supply Samantha Sanges [email protected] MWI Veterinary Supply Paige Willson [email protected] Liza Lynaugh [email protected] Nestle Purina Lauren Koron [email protected] Patterson Veterinary Supply George White [email protected] Peak Veterinary Referral Center Linda Story [email protected] Dr. Heather York [email protected] PENRO Specialty Compounding Neal Pease, R. Ph [email protected] Retail Council Services Corp. Michele Coons [email protected] Roadrunner Pharmacy Kevin Kerbert [email protected] Royal Canin Kate Anderson [email protected] VetCor Jessica Bird [email protected] Vetoquinol USA John Ago [email protected] Vetri Science Jana Lafayette [email protected] Virbac Animal Health Brandon McCrum [email protected] VT Disaster Animal Response Barry Londeree [email protected] VT Spay Neuter Incentive Program Sue Skaskiw [email protected] Wilcox Pharmacy Tina Rotella [email protected] COMPASSION EXPERTISE TRUST Vermont Veterinary Cardiology Vermont Veterinary Eye Care Don Brown, DVM, PhD, Diplomate Sarah Hoy, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM - Cardiology ACVO Jenny Garber, DVM Neurology Internal Medicine Phil March, DVM Diplomate Marielle Goossens, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM - Neurology ACVIM Tim Bolton, DVM, Diplomate Surgery ACVIM Kurt Schulz, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Oncology Kristian Ash, DVM Kendra Knapik, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM - Oncology Behavior Noelle Bergman, DVM, Diplomate Pam Perry DVM, Practice Limited to ACVIM - Oncology Behavior Physical Rehabilitation Dermatology Nancy Zimny PT, CCRT Ed Jazic, DVM, Diplomate ACVD 158 Hurricane Lane, Williston, VT 05495 P: 802-878-2022 F: 802-878-1524 email:[email protected] www.peakveterinaryreferral.com CRACKED CANINES; REVIEWING FRACTURED, DISCOLORED, AND “ODD” TEETH. Donnell Hansen, DVM, DAVDC BluePearl Veterinary Partners This lecture will investigate identification, diagnosis and treatment options associated with specific tooth abnormalities. We will address indications for extraction, vital pulp therapy, root canal therapy, and even some situations in where restoration may be an option. If you have ever wondered what to do with the fractured maxillary fourth premolar that “doesn’t seem to be bothering him, doc…” this lecture is for you. Although most of the lecture notes hold true for dogs and cats, our focus today will be on the canine patient. Introduction “The days of observing and neglecting fractured teeth are over.” These are the words of Dr. Jan Bellows, a board certified veterinary dentist who is active on the lecture circuit and a vocal “VIN”ner for those of you who are internet savvy. Did you know 1 in 10 dogs have a pulp exposed tooth? Unfortunately, too often, these teeth are either not noticed or not addressed. As our patients rarely show signs of oral pain (which does NOT mean they do not have oral pain), owners do not have the motivation to pursue therapy. Likewise, the veterinarian is left wondering if the risk of anesthesia and financial investment on the owner’s behalf is worthwhile in an asymptomatic patient. Fear of anesthesia is sadly an excuse used by both owners and veterinarians alike to avoid performing a potentially costly and frustrating procedure. However, with a little knowledge, some inexpensive equipment, and client education, you can feel confident that not only is treating a diseased tooth personally rewarding, it is necessary for our patient welfare. Marketing There are many creative and easy ways to market your dental care that are obviously beyond the scope of this lecture. However, I often get asked the question, how do you get your clients to consent? Most of my clients are referred by general practitioners, and I always tell the students that there is very little that I do in the “ivory tower” that they cannot do themselves in general practice. Aside from the patients who see us due to real (but rare) high risk anesthesia concerns, the only difference that I can identify is the fact that I take the time to show the owners what is happening. I explain confidently and unequivocally that this patient is experiencing pain. I do not use words like “I think” or “we should consider.” Rather, pull out your dry erase board and draw them a picture of what is happening or what is likely to occur in the future. I recognize that it is hard to set aside that kind of time during their routine annual visits when the fractured tooth is identified and on top of the heartworm meds, the vaccines, 1 the fecal exam… now you want to “sell” them an extraction under anesthesia. You start to feel a bit like an overwhelming car salesman. However, although my estimates are likely significantly higher than many of yours, rarely do I ever have a client decline treatment. You could argue that by the time our clients arrive at the hospital, they are prepared to spend money. Yet, weekends spent in private practice yield similar results. Tooth anatomy Endodontic disease is defined as the pathology of the dental pulp and periapical tissues. Most of the conditions included below involve disease of the pulp. However, before we can talk in depth about endodontic disease we need a brief review of tooth anatomy. The enamel is the hardest substance in the body (96% inorganic). It provides the protective coating to the crown of the tooth. Enamel cannot regenerate so if enamel is lost, it will not be replaced. Dentin makes up the bulk of the tooth and is made up of a series of tubules. I like to imagine boxes of the Styrofoam pool noodles you see at the large warehouse stores laid on their sides. If the dentin is exposed, bacteria can sneak down those “pool noodles” and result in endodontic disease. However, dentin does have some reparative capacities. Odontoblasts (the cells that make dentin) line the pulp chamber and have “arms” or processes that extend out into the tubules. These are what give you that sensation of sensitivity when you drink hot tea or eat a Starburst candy. The osmotic changes stretch or shrink those nerve endings resulting in a “zing.” If these nerve endings are irritated, they stimulate dentin deposition called tertiary or reparative dentin in an effort to create a thicker buffer between the contaminated oral cavity and the sensitive pulp. Tertiary dentin is slightly more porous and therefore tends to pick up pigment easier. The chocolate milk colored dots you see on those worn lower incisors of a tennis ball chewer is likely tertiary dentin. Occasionally, however, this reparative process cannot work fast enough and bacteria have already reached the pulp tissue through either the dentinal tubules or directly through exposed pulp tissue (in the case of excessive wearing) and resulted in endodontic disease and/or a periapical abscess. Therefore, it is always important to carefully investigate any worn and chipped teeth for pulp exposure (in case the reparative process could not keep up) and also use radiographs to assess if there is evidence of endodontic disease! Be wary, debris can become lodged within an open pulp canal and appear similar to tertiary dentin. Careful investigation of the tooth with the explorer end of your probe usually reveals the answer; the tooth surface should be smooth without any “sticking” when probed.
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