Fifth Disease Fact Sheet

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t Kent County Health Department Fifth Disease Fact Sheet What is fifth disease? How is fifth disease treated? Fifth disease is a mild rash illness. It clears There is no specific treatment for fifth up on its own among children and adults disease. Fever should be treated with non- who are otherwise healthy. aspirin products. People should also get Fact Shee plenty of rest and fluids. Who gets fifth disease? Anyone can be infected, but the disease Do I need to keep my child seems to occur more often in elementary home from school? school-age children. Since a child is contagious before the rash appears, someone with fifth disease may How do you get fifth disease? attend childcare or school while having the It is spread by exposure to airborne droplets rash. from the nose and throat of infected people. How can fifth disease be What are the symptoms and prevented? when do they appear? There is no vaccine to prevent fifth disease. One to two weeks after exposure, some In order to limit the spread of the virus, use General Public children will experience a low-grade fever a tissue to cover your mouth when you and tiredness. By the third week, a red rash cough or sneeze. Wash hands often generally appears on the cheeks giving a throughout the day. slapped face appearance. A lacy red rash may appear on the body. It can fade and What’s with the name? reappear for one to three weeks or longer Historically, erythema infectiousm (Fifth’s after being exposed to sunlight or heat (e.g., Disease) is considered the fifth rash- bathing). Sometimes the rash may be itchy. producing pediatric infection. The other Some children may have vague signs of four are measles, german measles, scarlet illness or no symptoms at all. fever and Roseola. The Health Department does not This fact sheet is for information only and is diagnosis fifth disease. not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or as a substitute for talking with a health care provider. If you have any questions about fifth When and for how long is a disease or think you may have it, call your health care provider. person able to spread the illness? People with fifth disease seem to be contagious during the week before the rash appears. By the time the rash is evident, the person is probably beyond the contagious ©2004 Kent County Health Department period. 700 Fuller NE Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 616/632-7100 www.accesskent.com .

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Communicable Disease Chart
COMMON INFECTIOUS ILLNESSES From birth to age 18 Disease, illness or organism Incubation period How is it spread? When is a child most contagious? When can a child return to the Report to county How to prevent spreading infection (management of conditions)*** (How long after childcare center or school? health department* contact does illness develop?) To prevent the spread of organisms associated with common infections, practice frequent hand hygiene, cover mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, and stay up to date with immunizations. Bronchiolitis, bronchitis, Variable Contact with droplets from nose, eyes or Variable, often from the day before No restriction unless child has fever, NO common cold, croup, mouth of infected person; some viruses can symptoms begin to 5 days after onset or is too uncomfortable, fatigued ear infection, pneumonia, live on surfaces (toys, tissues, doorknobs) or ill to participate in activities sinus infection and most for several hours (center unable to accommodate sore throats (respiratory diseases child’s increased need for comfort caused by many different viruses and rest) and occasionally bacteria) Cold sore 2 days to 2 weeks Direct contact with infected lesions or oral While lesions are present When active lesions are no longer NO Avoid kissing and sharing drinks or utensils. (Herpes simplex virus) secretions (drooling, kissing, thumb sucking) present in children who do not have control of oral secretions (drooling); no exclusions for other children Conjunctivitis Variable, usually 24 to Highly contagious;
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Childhood Diseases and potential risks during pregnancy: (All information available on the March of Dimes Web Site.) http://www.modimes.org/ Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) is a common, mild, childhood illness caused by parvovirus B19. It causes a “slapped-cheek” rash on the face and, less commonly, fever, headache, sore throat and joint pain in children. Infected adults often have joint pain and swelling, and sometimes mild flu-like symptoms, but usually no rash. Women with young children and those who work with them (for example, child care providers and teachers) are at greatest risk of exposure and infection. About 60 percent of adults have had the infection as children and, therefore, are immune as adults. Most unborn babies are unaffected if their mother gets infected. Some unborn babies, however, do become infected. The virus can disrupt the ability to produce red blood cells, leading to a dangerous form of anemia, heart failure and, in about 2-9 percent of fetal infections, death of the unborn child. What you can do: If you are pregnant and unsure of your immune status, you can help protect yourself from infection by: * Washing your hands thoroughly and often, especially after touching tissues used by children who might be infected * Not sharing drinking glasses and utensils with any one who has or was exposed to the illness If you think you have been exposed to fifth disease, call your health care provider right away. Chickenpox (varicella) is a viral illness that mainly affects children. Its symptoms include an itchy rash and fever. Between 85 and 95 percent of pregnant women are immune to chickenpox, meaning that they cannot catch it.
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Infectious Disease in Childcare Settings Manual
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Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum) Fact Sheet
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Communicable Disease Guide
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Fifth Disease)
Parvovirus B19 (Fifth Disease) What is "fifth disease?" Fifth disease is a mild rash illness that occurs most commonly in children. The ill child typically has a "slapped-cheek" rash on the face and a lacy red rash on the trunk and limbs. Occasionally, the rash may itch. An ill child may have a low-grade fever, malaise, or a "cold" a few days before the rash breaks out. The child is usually not very ill, and the rash resolves in 7 to 10 days. What causes fifth disease? Fifth disease is caused by infection with human parvovirus B19. This virus infects only humans. Pet dogs or cats may be immunized against "parvovirus," but these are animal parvoviruses that do not infect humans. Therefore, a child cannot "catch" parvovirus from a pet dog or cat, and a pet cat or dog cannot catch human parvovirus B19 from an ill child. Can adults get fifth disease? Yes, they can. An adult who is not immune can be infected with parvovirus B19 and either have no symptoms or develop the typical rash of fifth disease, joint pain or swelling, or both. Usually, joints on both sides of the body are affected. The joints most frequently affected are the hands, wrists, and knees. The joint pain and swelling usually resolve in a week or two, but they may last several months. About 50% of adults, however, have been previously infected with parvovirus B19, have developed immunity to the virus, and cannot get fifth disease. Is fifth disease contagious? Yes. A person infected with parvovirus B19 is contagious during the early part of the illness, before the rash appears.
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Adult Human Parvovirus-B19 Infection Presenting with Hearing Difficulty and Dizziness
Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2011, 224, 57-59Adult Human Parvovirus-B19 Infection with Ear Symptoms 57 Adult Human Parvovirus-B19 Infection Presenting with Hearing Difficulty and Dizziness Masayuki Nara,1 Yuko Shirata,1 Toshiaki Kikuchi2 and Michio Hongo1 1Division of Comprehensive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan Human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19), a small and non-enveloped DNA virus, causes erythema infectiosum (EI) in children. In adults, however, it is known to cause a variety of symptoms. A 39-year-old woman visited our hospital because of low-grade fever, diarrhea, bilateral leg edema, and numbness in the right arm, one and a half months after her daughter developed EI. We diagnosed her as HPV-B19 infection after her daughter’s history and positive test for serum HPV-B19 IgM antibody, together with the continued observations. Two weeks later, she developed dizziness and left hearing difficulty. However, we did not give her any medication. HPV-B19 IgM antibody value (2.4) measured after one month of the onset was decreased to 1.7, 1.1, and 0.9 after two, three, and five months of the onset, respectively. Thus, it took 5 months for the IgM antibody value to become negative. Her symptoms gradually improved along with the decrease in HPV-B19 antibody without any medication. Hearing difficulty and dizziness are not categorized as manifestations of HPV-B19 infection, because these symptoms are very rare. The present report indicates that the symptoms related to inner ear dysfunctions should be added to those associated with adult HPV-B19 infection.
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Disease Fact Sheets
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NOTIFICATION of CHICKENPOX (Varicella) (An Acute, Viral Infection)*
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