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Sodium Silicate Crops
Sodium Silicate Crops 1 Identification of Petitioned Substance 2 3 Chemical Names: CAS Numbers: 4 Sodium Silicate 1344-09-8 5 6 Other Name: Other Codes: 7 Sodium metasilicate; Sodium silicate glass; EPA PC code: 072603 (NLM, 2011a); European 8 Sodium water glass; Silicic acid, sodium salt; Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical 9 tetrasodium orthosilicate (IPCS, 2004) Substances (EINECS) Number: 215-687-4 (IPCS, 10 2004) 11 Trade Names: 12 Waterglass, Britesil, Sikalon, Silican, Carsil, 13 Dryseq, Sodium siloconate, Star, Soluble glass, 14 Sodium polysilicate (NLM, 2011a), N® - PQ 15 Corporation (OMRI, 2011) 16 Characterization of Petitioned Substance 17 18 Composition of the Substance: 19 The basic formula of sodium silicate is Na2O· nO2Si, which represents the components of silicon dioxide (SiO2) 20 and sodium oxide (Na2O) and the varying ratios of the two in the various formulations. This ratio is commonly 21 called the molar ratio (MR), which can range from 0.5 to 4.0 for sodium silicates and varies depending on the 22 composition of the specific sodium silicate. The structural formulas of these silicates are also variable and can be 23 complex, depending on the formulation, but generally do not have distinct molecular structures (IPCS, 2004). 24 The basic structure of soluble silicates, including sodium and potassium silicates, is a trigonal planar 25 arrangement of oxygen atoms around a central silicon atom, as depicted in Figure 1 below. Physical and 26 chemical properties of sodium silicate are summarized in Table 1, on page 2. 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Figure 1: Chemical Structure of Sodium Silicate (NLM, 2011a) 36 37 Specific Uses of the Substance: 38 39 Sodium silicate and other soluble silicates have been used in many industries since the early 19th century. -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,114,039 Rifqi (45) Date of Patent: Sep
USOO611.4039A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 6,114,039 Rifqi (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 5, 2000 54 PROCESS FOR TREATING GLASS FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS SUBSTRATES 0579.399 1/1994 European Pat. Off.. O O O 592 237 4/1994 European Pat. Off.. 75 Inventor: Francoise Rifai, Paris, France 96 11888 4/1996 WIPO. 73 Assignee: Saint Gobain Vitrage, Courbevoie, OTHER PUBLICATIONS France Database WPI, Week 30, Derwent Publications Ltd., Lon don. GB: AN 96-292416, XPOO2O17839 & JP 08 124153 21 Appl. NoNo.: 08/930,2781930, A (Nippons a 1-1s Sheet Glass Ltd)s May 17, 1996, see abstract. 22 PCT Filed: Feb. 6, 1997 Chemical abstracts, vol. 114, No. 4, Jan. 28, 1991, Colum bus, Ohio, US; abstract No. 28896t, p. 299; P002017838, see 86 PCT No.: PCT/FR97/00233 abstract & JP 02 153847 A (Murase Glass Co Ltd) Jun. 13, S371 Date: Dec. 19, 1997 1990. Data Base WPI, Week 47, Derwent Publications Ltd., Lon S 102(e) Date: Dec. 19, 1997 don GB; AN 88-336490, XP002017840 & SU 1395597 A 87 PCT Pub. No.: WO97129058 (Buraev AMI), May 15, 1998, see abstract. 87) U O / Database WPI, Week 43, Derwent Publications Ltd., London PCT Pub. Date: Aug. 14, 1997 GB; AN 82–91185e; XP002017841 & JP 57 149 850 A 30 Foreign Application Prioritv D (Tokyo Shibaura Elec Ltd), Jun. 29, 1989, see abstract. 30 oreign Application Priority Data Database WPI, Week 14, Derwent Publications, Ltd., Lon Feb. 7, 1996 FR France ................................... 96 01484 don GB; AN95-102849, XPOO2017842, & JP 07 129 169 51 Int.Ill. -
The American Ceramic Society 25Th International Congress On
The American Ceramic Society 25th International Congress on Glass (ICG 2019) ABSTRACT BOOK June 9–14, 2019 Boston, Massachusetts USA Introduction This volume contains abstracts for over 900 presentations during the 2019 Conference on International Commission on Glass Meeting (ICG 2019) in Boston, Massachusetts. The abstracts are reproduced as submitted by authors, a format that provides for longer, more detailed descriptions of papers. The American Ceramic Society accepts no responsibility for the content or quality of the abstract content. Abstracts are arranged by day, then by symposium and session title. An Author Index appears at the back of this book. The Meeting Guide contains locations of sessions with times, titles and authors of papers, but not presentation abstracts. How to Use the Abstract Book Refer to the Table of Contents to determine page numbers on which specific session abstracts begin. At the beginning of each session are headings that list session title, location and session chair. Starting times for presentations and paper numbers precede each paper title. The Author Index lists each author and the page number on which their abstract can be found. Copyright © 2019 The American Ceramic Society (www.ceramics.org). All rights reserved. MEETING REGULATIONS The American Ceramic Society is a nonprofit scientific organization that facilitates whether in print, electronic or other media, including The American Ceramic Society’s the exchange of knowledge meetings and publication of papers for future reference. website. By participating in the conference, you grant The American Ceramic Society The Society owns and retains full right to control its publications and its meetings. -
Optical Spectroscopy of Sodium Silicate Glasses
Processing and Application of Ceramics 7 [3] (2013) 117–121 DOI: 10.2298/PAC1303117M Optical spectroscopy of sodium silicate glasses prepared with nano- and micro-sized iron oxide particles Behzad Mehdikhani1,2,*, Gholam Hossein Borhani2 1Standard Research Institute, Building and Construction Department, Karaj, Iran 2Malek-e-ashtar University of Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan, Iran Received 4 June 2013; received in revised form 27 July 2013; received in revised form 4 September 2013; accepted 7 September 2013 Abstract Wet chemical analysis and UV-VIS spectroscopy methods were used to determine the oxidation state of iron in Na2O·2SiO2 glasses, containing 0.3 mol% of Fe2O3 . The oxidation state of iron in the sodium silicate glasses was varied by changing the size of iron oxide particles used for preparation of glass batches and the melting temperature. In sodium silicate glasses iron commonly exists as an equilibrium mixture of ferrous ions, Fe2+, and ferric ions Fe3+. The increase of the melting temperature led to the transformation of ferric ions to ferrous ions. It was also shown that in the glasses prepared from nano-sized iron oxide particles the Fe2+/Fe3+ equilib- rium ratio is lower (i.e. smaller amount of ferrous ions were formed) comparing to that in the glasses prepared from micro-sized iron oxide particles. Keywords: sodium silicate glass, iron oxide, UV-VIS spectroscopy, wet chemical analysis I. Introduction tant in adjusting the transmittance of glass in the wave- Iron in glasses exists as equilibrium between the yel- length regions of UV, visible light and IR [6]. The pres- low ferric ion, Fe3+, and the blue ferrous ion, Fe2+. -
Reduction of Lead Leaching from Lead Crystal Glass
Ceramics - Silikaty 37, s. 193-197 (1993) 193 REDUCTION OF LEAD LEACHING FROM LEAD CRYSTAL GLASS LUDMILA RYBARIKOVA Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Glass and Ceramics, Technicka 5, 166 28 Praha 6 Received 8. 6. 1993 The surfaces of lead crystal glass ware containing 24 wt.% PbO were dealkalized with products of decompo ° sition of ammonium chloride at temperntures of 250 - 500 C. The deposit formed 011 the glris,q surface WClS f our1d to contain also lead, apart from potassium and sodium. The lead co11ter1t was low compm·ed to that of the alkalies. Tests of surf(lre chemical dumbility with respect to W(lter by the autoclave method (IS well as long-term surface lmching with acetic acid solution showed that dealkalization reduced considernbly the leaching of alkalies c1s well as that of lead. The efficiency of the treatment increased with tempernture, but even the glass surfaces dealkalized at the lowest temperntur·es, far below the Tg of the glass, crhibitcd a very satisfactory durnbility also 011 the long-term basis. INTRODUCTION The dissociation degree depends on temperature. Both 1-ICI and NH4 CI rnay take part in the dealka A low extraction of lead from the surface is re lization. quested in the case of lead crystal ware corning into It is assumed that apart from other alkalies, also contact with foodstuffs. Although most of the current other components are extracted from the glass surface glasses so far conform to the existing standard spe to a lesser degree, mostly calcium in the case of soda cifications, extensive research aimed at reducing the lime-silicate glasses [3]. -
Effects of Adding Silica Particles on Certain Properties of Resin‑Modified Glass‑Ionomer Cement
Published online: 2019-09-23 Original Article Effects of adding silica particles on certain properties of resin‑modified glass‑ionomer cement Nayef H. Felemban1, Mohamed I. Ebrahim2 1Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia, Correspondence: Dr. Nayef H. Felemban 2Department Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Email: [email protected] Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporation of silica particles with different concentrations on some properties of resin‑modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC): Microleakage, compressive strength, tensile strength, water sorption, and solubility. Materials and Methods: Silica particle was incorporated into RMGIC powder to study its effects, one type of RMGIC (Type II visible light-cured) and three concentrations of silica particles (0.06, 0.08, and 0.1% weight) were used. One hundred and twenty specimens were fabricated for measuring microleakage, compressive strength, tensile strength, water sorption, and solubility. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s tests were used for measuring significance between means where P ≤ 0.05. Results: RMGIC specimens without any additives showed significantly highest microleakage and lowest compressive and tensile strengths. Conclusion: Silica particles added to RMGIC have the potential as a reliable restorative material with increased compressive strength, tensile strength, and water sorption but decreased microleakage and water solubility. Key words: Class V, glass-ionomer, microleakage, silica particle, teeth restoration INTRODUCTION acquire chemical adhesion and antibacterial properties from GICs, but from resin composites, RMGICs Incorporation of photopolymerizable components into acquire many properties such as setting behavior, conventional acid‑base mixture leads to formation of good mechanical properties, and wear resistance.[2] hybrid materials named resin‑modified glass ionomer. -
Product Stewardship Summary Liquid Sodium Silicates
Product Stewardship Summary Liquid Sodium Silicates Summary Sodium silicates serve a wide range of end use markets, including soaps and detergents, pulp and paper, paint and pigments, catalysts, and metal cleaning. 1. Chemical Identity Name: Sodium Silicate Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number: 1344-09-8 Sodium silicate is the generic name for a series of compounds derived from soluble sodium silicate glasses. These materials are aqueous liquids containing sodium oxide (Na2O) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) in various ratios. Varying the amount of SiO2 and Na2O gives solutions having differing properties and diverse industrial applications. 2. Production Sodium silicate glass is made by fusing high purity silica sand and soda ash in open hearth furnaces at 1300°C. The molten glass is cooled, fractured, and dissolved under pressure with hot water and steam. OxyChem is a leading manufacturer of sodium silicates and operates facilities in Augusta, GA; Chicago, IL; Cincinnati, OH; Dallas, TX; and Mobile, AL. 3. Uses Sodium Silicates are used in a wide variety of applications. Some of the principle uses are summarized in this section. Detergents & Soaps Many detergent operations are performed with sodium silicates. Such operations range from metal cleaning and textile processing to washing laundry, dishes, dairy equipment, bottles, floors, and automobiles. Silicates are incorporated in synthetic detergent compositions to control corrosion and minimize alkali attack. Without silicates, many synthetic detergent compositions would be corrosive to aluminum, zinc, and certain metal alloy parts in washers. They may also attack porcelain enamel and overglaze fine china decorations. Adhesives and Cements Liquid sodium silicates are widely used as adhesives in making fiber drums, paper tubes, and other materials. -
Synthesized Mesoporous Silica and Calcium Aluminate Cement Fillers
Dental Materials Journal 2017; 36(6): 706–713 Synthesized mesoporous silica and calcium aluminate cement fillers increased the fluoride recharge and lactic acid neutralizing ability of a resin-based pit and fissure sealant Atikom SURINTANASARN1, Krisana SIRALERTMUKUL2 and Niyom THAMRONGANANSKUL1 1 Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 2 Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chulalongkorn 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Corresponding author, Niyom THAMRONGANANSKUL; E-mail: [email protected] This study evaluated the effect of different types of filler in a resin-based pit and fissure sealant on fluoride release, recharge, and lactic acid neutralization. Resin-based sealant was incorporated with 5% w/w of the following fillers: calcium aluminate cement (CAC), synthesized mesoporous silica (SI), a CAC and SI mixture (CAC+SI), glass-ionomer powder (GIC), and acetic acid-treated GIC (GICA). Sealant without filler served as control. The samples were immersed in deionized water or a lactic acid solution and the concentration of fluoride in the water, before and after fluoride recharge, and the lactic acid pH change, respectively, were determined. The CAC+SI group demonstrated the highest fluoride release after being recharged with fluoride gel. The CAC+SI group also demonstrated increased lactic acid pH. These findings suggest that a resin-based sealant containing synthesized mesoporous silica and calcium aluminate cement may enhance remineralization due to fluoride release and higher pH. Keywords: Calcium aluminate cement, Fluoride recharge, Fluoride release, Mesoporous silica, Pit and fissure sealant empty channels can absorb and encapsulate relatively INTRODUCTION large amounts of molecules11). -
Sodium Silicate Solution 1
MSDS Number: S4982 * * * * * Effective Date: 03/30/11 * * * * * Supercedes: 09/23/09 Sodium Silicate Solution 1. Product Identification Synonyms: Water Glass; Soluble Glass; Silicate of Soda; Egg Preserver CAS No.: Not applicable to mixtures. Molecular Weight: Not applicable to mixtures. Chemical Formula: Na2O(SiO2)x.(H2O)x Product Codes: 3877 2. Composition/Information on Ingredients Ingredient CAS No Percent Hazardous --------------------------------------- ------------ ------------ --------- Sodium Silicate 1344-09-8 35 - 40% Yes Water 7732-18-5 60 - 65% No 3. Hazards Identification Emergency Overview -------------------------- WARNING! HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED OR INHALED. CAUSES SEVERE IRRITATION TO EYES, SKIN AND RESPIRATORY TRACT. SAF-T-DATA(tm) Ratings (Provided here for your convenience) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Health Rating: 2 - Moderate Flammability Rating: 1 - Slight Reactivity Rating: 1 - Slight Contact Rating: 3 - Severe Lab Protective Equip: GOGGLES & SHIELD; LAB COAT & APRON; VENT HOOD; PROPER GLOVES Storage Color Code: Green (General Storage) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Potential Health Effects ---------------------------------- Diluted solutions of sodium silicate are strong alkaline irritants. The solid sodium silicate is corrosive. Exposure to alkaline corrosives may result in severe burns depending on the concentration and duration of exposure. Sodium silicate -
Dupont™ Ligasep™ CO2 Removal by Dealkalization with Weak Acid
Tech Fact Removal of CO2 in Dealkalization with Weak Acid Cation Resin Application Carbon dioxide (CO2) in water is present as an equilibrium mixture of the dissolved − 2− Description gas CO2, the weak acid H2CO3, and the HCO3 and CO3 anions associated with bicarbonate and carbonate alkalinity. The exact equilibrium ratio of these four species depends on the pH and temperature of the water. In a dealkalization system using a weak acid cation (WAC) resin in the H-form, the system removes alkalinity and partially softens the water. The WAC resin exchanges hydrogen ions for hardness ions associated with alkalinity. The resulting low pH converts bicarbonate and carbonate alkalinity to dissolved CO2 gas, which is then removed by degasification. Reliably and effectively removing as much CO2 as possible by degasification reduces the amount of alkalinity that could form posttreatment due to equilibrium conversion of CO2 and protects sensitive downstream processes and equipment from potential CO2-related corrosion. Solution DuPont™ Ligasep™ Degasification Modules use a proprietary polymethylpentene (PMP) hollow fiber membrane that provides an efficient transfer of gases between a liquid and a gas. The membrane does not allow water to pass through the membrane but freely allows gas to pass through. Equilibrium between the liquid and gas phase is offset when a vacuum and a strip gas is applied to one side of the membrane. This creates a driving force to move dissolved gases from the water to the gas side of the membrane. Ligasep™ Degasification Modules offer a clean, efficient and stable process to decarbonate water to concentrations of 5 mg/L or less of CO2 (8.35 mg/L as CaCO3) to reduce the load on downstream ion exchange equipment. -
Materials of Engineering
Copyright (C) 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this product is subject to the terms of its License Agreement. Click here to view. Section 6 Materials of Engineering BY HOWARD S. BEAN Late Physicist, National Bureau of Standards HAROLD W. PAXTON United States Steel Professor Emeritus, Carnegie Mellon University JAMES D. REDMOND President, Technical Marketing Resources, Inc. MALCOLM BLAIR Technical & Research Director, Steel Founders Society of America ROBERT E. EPPICH Vice President, Technology, American Foundrymen's Society L. D. KUNSMAN Late Fellow Engineer, Research Labs, Westinghouse Electric Corp. C. L. CARLSON Late Fellow Engineer, Research Labs, Westinghouse Electric Corp. J. RANDOLPH KISSELL Partner, The TGB Partnership FRANK E. GOODWIN Vice President, Materials Science, ILZRO, Inc. DON GRAHAM Manager, Turning Programs, Carboloy, Inc. ARTHUR COHEN Manager, Standards and Safety Engineering, Copper Development Assn. JOHN H. TUNDERMANN Vice President, Research & Technology, INCO Alloys International, Inc. JAMES D. SHEAROUSE, III Senior Development Engineer, The Dow Chemical Co. PETER K. JOHNSON Director, Marketing & Public Relations, Metal Powder Industries Federation JOHN R. SCHLEY Manager, Technical Marketing, RMI Titanium Co. ROBERT D. BARTHOLOMEW Engineer, Powell Labs, Ltd. DAVID A. SHIFLER Metallurgist, Naval Surface Warfare Center HAROLD M. WERNER Consultant RODNEY C. DEGROOT Research Plant Pathologist, Forest Products Lab, USDA DAVID W. GREEN Supervisory Research General Engineer, Forest Products Lab, USDA ROLAND HERNANDEZ Research General Engineer, Forest Products Lab, USDA RUSSELL C. MOODY Supervisory Research General Engineer, Forest Products Lab, USDA JOSEPH F. MURPHY Supervisory General Engineer, Forest Products Lab, USDA ROBERT J. ROSS Supervisory Research General Engineer, Forest Products Lab, USDA WILLIAM T. -
The Effect of Sodium Silicate on the Behaviour of Shotcretes for Tunnel Lining
Journal of Scientific Research & Reports 14(2): 1-8, 2017; Article no.JSRR.33641 ISSN: 2320-0227 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org The Effect of Sodium Silicate on the Behaviour of Shotcretes for Tunnel Lining Luigi Coppola1, Alessandra Buoso1, Denny Coffetti1, Patricia Kara2*, Sergio Lorenzi1 and Franco D’Alessandro3 1DISA, University of Bergamo, Dalmine (BG), Italy. 2EMIB, Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Belgium. 3BASF C.C. Underground Construction, Treviso (TV), Italy. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between all authors. Author LC designed the study. Authors AB, DC and FDA performed the statistical analysis and wrote the protocol. Authors PK and SL managed the analyses of the study, the literature searches, wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JSRR/2017/33641 Editor(s): (1) Luigi dell'Olio, School of Civil Engineering, Channels and Ports, University of Cantabria, Cantabria, Spain. (2) Luigi Rodino, Professor of Mathematical Analysis, Dipartimento di Matematica, Università di Torino, Italy. Reviewers: (2) Halil Görgün, Dicle University, Turkey. (3) Leo Baldenegro, Center of Engineering and Industrial Development, Mexico. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/19001 Received 24th April 2017 th Case Study Accepted 4 May 2017 Published 10th May 2017 ABSTRACT Present case study investigates the rheological, mechanical and in-placing performances of fiber- reinforced shotcrete manufactured with different fibers (steel, glass and polypropylene) and with sodium silicate based set-accelerating admixture for tunnel linings. The study compares the performances of concretes manufactured and fully compacted with those shotcretes which are manufactured directly on the job-site.