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Port Mcdonald: Jetty and Heritage Significance

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Port Mcdonald: Jetty and Heritage Significance Port McDonald: jetty and heritage significance By Purdina Guerra Supervisor: Dr. John McCarthy A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Maritime Archaeology College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Flinders University South Australia, Australia Date of Submission: October 5th, 2020 Dedicated to my grandmother Rohonda Hamilton, survivor of COVID-19. AND You have not failed until you QUIT. i | P a g e Contents Chapter One: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Short History of Port MacDonnell jetty .............................................................................. 2 1.2 Jetties: a key component to colonisation in Australia .................................................. 3 1.3 Research Aims ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 Chapter Outline ........................................................................................................................ 8 Chapter Two: Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 10 2.2 Cultural heritage and its significance .............................................................................. 10 2.3 What is a jetty versus a pier or wharf? ............................................................................ 12 2.4 Australian jetties .................................................................................................................... 14 2.5 South Australian jetties ....................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Recent threats to Australian Jetties and community attitudes ................................. 19 2.8 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 23 Chapter Three: History of Port MacDonnell township and shipping industry ................ 25 3.1 Port MacDonnell: history of a trading hub ..................................................................... 26 3.2 Port McDonnell: officially declared a port ...................................................................... 28 3.3 Port MacDonnell: the custom house ................................................................................ 29 3.4 Port MacDonnell: breakwater ............................................................................................. 31 3.5 Port MacDonnell: jetty and features ................................................................................. 31 3.6 Port MacDonnell: conclusion ............................................................................................. 36 Chapter Four: Fieldwork Conducted .......................................................................................... 38 4.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 39 4.2 Initial Fieldwork and data collection ................................................................................ 39 4.3 Survey Methodology ............................................................................................................. 39 4.4 Survey Results ....................................................................................................................... 40 4.5 Piles identification, wood samples and GPS collection of points............................ 44 4.6 Additional maritime infrastructure objects surveyed .................................................. 48 4.7 Archival collection ................................................................................................................ 51 4.8 Timeline Commencing with the Colonial Period ........................................................... 52 4.9 Early Twentieth Century ...................................................................................................... 53 4.10 Post-War Period ................................................................................................................... 54 4.11 Early Twenty-First Century ............................................................................................... 55 4.12 2015 Restoration ................................................................................................................. 56 ii | P a g e 4.13 Summary ............................................................................................................................... 58 Chapter Five: Discussion ............................................................................................................... 59 5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 60 5.2 Colonial Period ....................................................................................................................... 60 5.3 Early Twentieth Century ...................................................................................................... 61 5.4 Post-War Period ..................................................................................................................... 63 5.5 Early Twenty-First Century and Restoration .................................................................. 66 Chapter Six: Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 68 6.1 Purpose of this research ..................................................................................................... 69 6.2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 69 6.3 Reflections on Australia’s heritage .................................................................................. 69 6.4 Future research ...................................................................................................................... 70 References ......................................................................................................................................... 72 iii | P a g e List of Figures Figure 1.1 Port MacDonnell jetty July 2011 10 Figure 1.2 Map of South Australia 13 Figure 1.3 Port MacDonnell’s location on the Limestone Coast 15 Figure 2.1 View of the shore-end of Port MacDonnell jetty 18 Figure 3.1 Mural of Port MacDonnell on local building 35 Figure 3.2 Port MacDonnell lighthouse and cottage 38 Figure 3.3 Port MacDonnell Customs House 40 Figure 3.4 Landing cargo from lighters at Port MacDonnell 45 jetty in 1898 Figure 3.5 Port MacDonnell jetty in 1967 with school boys 46 fishing off of it. Figure 4.1 Purdina Guerra measuring Port MacDonnell jetty 48 July 2011. Figure 4.2 Planks of jetty 51 Figure 4.3 Handrail of jetty 52 Figure 4.4 Cross section of jetty at seaward-end with tire 54 attached to the side. Figure 4.5 Removal of wood sample from pile. 55 Figure 4.6 Wan and Dennis using GPS system. 56 Figure 4.7 Plotted map of the Port MacDonnell Jetty. 57 Figure 4.8 Plotted map including labels of the Port MacDonnell Jetty. 58 Figure 4.9 South-facing view of winch no. 1, in the playground 59 near the jetty. This was formerly part of the jetty. Figure 4.10 Baths and second jetty, Port MacDonnell. 60 Figure 4.11 Veronica Jenkins and Purdina Guerra at the maritime 62 museum viewing a map of Limestone Coast. Figure 4.12 Port MacDonnell Boxing Day Sports December 1932. 63 Figure 4.13 Mount Gambier women on the Port MacDonnell jetty, 64 1902. Figure 4.14 Learn to swim campaign 1957, Port MacDonnell, SA. 65 Figure 4.15 Port MacDonnell on a cold winter day. 66 Figure 4.16 Statute of fisherman and crayfish. 68 iv | P a g e Figure 5.1 Veronika Jenkins, Zidan James and Purdina Guerra 69 in deep discussion at the Port MacDonnell maritime museum Figure 6.1 Port MacDonnell jetty with tires July 2011. 77 List of Tables Table 2.1 Government owned jetties of South Australia 25 Table 2.2 Council managed South Australia jetties and wharfs 26 v | P a g e Declaration I hereby declare that the work in this thesis is my own work and that to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person, or substantial proportions of material which have been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at Flinders University or any other educational institution, except where due acknowledgment is made in the thesis. Any contribution made to the research by others is explicitly acknowledged in the thesis. I also declare that the intellectual content of the thesis is the product of my own work, except where acknowledged in the customary manner. October 5th, 2020 Purdina Guerra vi | P a g e Acknowledgements I am no longer the same person I was a decade ago when I commenced the Maritime Archaeology program at Flinders University. I no longer have the same interest, hobbies, ambitions, and I am no longer going in the same career path. While writing this thesis, I realized that I no longer desire to work in the industry, yet, I completed the task. I thank my fourth Maritime Archaeology supervisor, Dr. John McCarthy, for doing his job. He simplified the task. He was stern
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