CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— Extensions of Remarks E611 HON
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6427 Hon. Edolphus Towns
May 2, 2000 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 6427 health professionals—the 2 million+ registered In Haryana on April 22, three nuns were at- states like Uttar Pradesh where there have nurses in the United States. tacked by a Hindu fundamentalist. One, Sister been three violent attacks against Christians These outstanding men and women, who Anandi, remains in Holy Family Hospital in se- in the last two weeks. work hard to save lives and maintain the rious condition. No one has been arrested for Madhavrao Scindia, deputy leader of the Congress Party in the Lok Sabha (the lower health of millions of individuals, will celebrate this crime. house of Parliament), said the government National Nurses Week from May 6–12, 2000. The militant Hindu fundamentalists who car- should put a stop to incidents like those re- Registered nurses will be honored by hosting ried out these acts are allies of the Indian gov- ported in Uttar Pradesh and Haryana this or participating in several events such as ral- ernment. The government itself has killed over month. He demanded a response from Home lies, childhood immunizations, community 200,000 Christians in Nagaland, over a quar- Affairs Minister Lal Kishen Advani, who is health screenings, publicity efforts, dinners, re- ter of a million Sikhs, more than 65,000 Kash- considered a friend of most of India’s Hindu ceptions and hospital events. I believe that miri Muslims since 1988, and tens of thou- nationlist groups and is the second most any American who has ever been cared for by sands of others. It holds tens of thousands of powerful man in India after Vajpayee. -
India Assessment October 2002
INDIA COUNTRY REPORT October 2003 Country Information & Policy Unit IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM India October 2003 CONTENTS 1. Scope of Document 1.1 - 1.4 2. Geography 2.1 - 2.4 3. Economy 3.1 - 3.4 4. History 4.1 - 4.16 1996 - 1998 4.1 - 4.5 1998 - the present 4.6 - 4.16 5. State Structures 5.1 - 5.43 The Constitution 5.1 - Citizenship and Nationality 5.2 - 5.6 Political System 5.7. - 5.11 Judiciary 5.12 Legal Rights/Detention 5.13 - 5.18 - Death penalty 5.19 Internal Security 5.20 - 5.26 Prisons and Prison Conditions 5.27 - 5.33 Military Service 5.34 Medical Services 5.35 - 5.40 Educational System 5.41 - 5.43 6. Human Rights 6.1 - 6.263 6.A Human Rights Issues 6.1 - 6.150 Overview 6.1 - 6.20 Freedom of Speech and the Media 6.21 - 6.25 - Treatment of journalists 6.26 – 6.27 Freedom of Religion 6.28 - 6.129 - Introduction 6.28 - 6.36 - Muslims 6.37 - 6.53 - Christians 6.54 - 6.72 - Sikhs and the Punjab 6.73 - 6.128 - Buddhists and Zoroastrians 6.129 Freedom of Assembly & Association 6.130 - 6.131 - Political Activists 6.132 - 6.139 Employment Rights 6.140 - 6.145 People Trafficking 6.146 Freedom of Movement 6.147 - 6.150 6.B Human Rights - Specific Groups 6.151 - 6.258 Ethnic Groups 6.151 - Kashmir and the Kashmiris 6.152 - 6.216 Women 6.217 - 6.238 Children 6.239 - 6.246 - Child Care Arrangements 6.247 - 6.248 Homosexuals 6.249 - 6.252 Scheduled castes and tribes 6.253 - 6.258 6.C Human Rights - Other Issues 6.259 – 6.263 Treatment of returned failed asylum seekers 6.259 - 6.261 Treatment of Non-Governmental 6.262 - 263 Organisations (NGOs) Annexes Chronology of Events Annex A Political Organisations Annex B Prominent People Annex C References to Source Material Annex D India October 2003 1. -
The 13Th Lok Sabha: a Test of Diversity and Dissent in India (December, 1999)
India: The 13th Lok Sabha: a test of diversity and dissent in India (December, 1999) Introduction The Sangh Parivar From Sanskritisation to Hindi- 2 isation and Hindu-isation: The 13th Lok Saba Why did the BJP Succeed? 8 The Sangh School of Falsification 9 Saffron Terror 12 Hidden and Not so Hidden 14 National Democratic Alliance Positive Verdict 16 Election 99: Winning Was the 18 Easy Part Vajpayee’s off to a false start 19 The Three Keys to NDA’s Security 20 Coalition Politics is Still Here 22 Women The great Indian Chauvinist 23 Campaign You’re Addition of One, Mr 25 Fernandes NGOs and Minorities The Purse Strings as the Noose: 26 Indian NGOs Face New Challenges Attack on NGOs and Peoples 28 Movements PRESS RELEASE of Indian Social 29 Institute The Papal Test 30 The Staines Killings: Religious 31 Intolerance and Government Inaction Denial and Obfuscation: The 34 Report of the Justice D.P. Wadhawa Commission of Inquiry Press statement of Rev. Dr. 36 James Massey, Member of National Minorities Commission In Christian Belt, Faith in Pawar 37 May Pull the Votes, not Religion or Origin ACRONYMS We hope that the materials in this website have been useful to your work and ministry. You are free to reproduce the information on this website in your publications. We only ask that proper credits be given to the writers as well as DAGA/CCA-URM. We will also appreciate it very much that a copy of the publication be mailed to us at the address below: Documentation for Action Groups in Asia (DAGA): 96 Pak Tin Village Area 2 Mei Tin Road, Shatin, NT HONG KONG SAR Telephone: (852) 2697-1917 Fax: (852) 3017-2377 E-mail: [email protected] Introduction This introduction is not intended as yet another scholarly analysis of the series events that occurred in India in 1999. -
E Sangh Parivar
Shadow Armies Fringe Organizations and Foot Soldiers of Hindutva Dhirendra K. Jha JUGGERNAUT BOOKS KS House, 118 Shahpur Jat, New Delhi 110049, India First published in hardback by Juggernaut Books 2017 Published in paperback 2019 Copyright © Dhirendra K. Jha 2017 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored in a retrieval system in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. e views and opinions expressed in this book are the author’s own. e facts contained herein were reported to be true as on the date of publication by the author to the publishers of the book, and the publishers are not in any way liable for their accuracy or veracity. ISBN 9789353450199 Typeset in Adobe Caslon Pro by R. Ajith Kumar, New Delhi Printed at Manipal Technologies Ltd, India Contents Introduction 1. Sanatan Sanstha 2. Hindu Yuva Vahini 3. Bajrang Dal 4. Sri Ram Sene 5. Hindu Aikya Vedi 6. Abhinav Bharat 7. Bhonsala Military School 8. Rashtriya Sikh Sangat Notes Acknowledgements A Note on the Author Introduction India has seen astonishing growth in the politics of Hindutva over the last three decades. Several strands of this brand of politics – not just the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) but also those working for it in the shadows – have shot into prominence. ey are all fuelled by a single motive: to ensure that one particular community, the Hindus, has the exclusive right to define our national identity. e Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a pan-Indian organization comprising chauvinistic Hindu men, is the vanguard of this politics. -
Neo-Hindu Fundamentalism Challenging the Secular and Pluralistic Indian State†
Article Neo-Hindu Fundamentalism Challenging the Secular and Pluralistic Indian State† Gino Battaglia Writer and essayist, independent researcher; Clarence Terrace, Penzance TR18 2PZ, Cornwall, UK; [email protected] † This article benefited from the assistance of George Kuscow who reviewed the text with great care and sympathy. Received: 29 August 2017; Accepted: 25 September 2017; Published: 3 October 2017 Abstract: Secularism seems to require separation between religion and State. Regarding India, it would be better to speak of ‘equidistance’ between State and religious denominations. Nonetheless a ‘balanced treatment’ towards the religions leaves the question open as to what form that equidistance should take. This is the reason of some contradictions in today’s Indian social and political life. It is likely that without the Moghul and British domination Hinduism would not have acquired a militant identity. It was the ‘epiphany’ of well-armed, powerful ‘Others’ (Muslim, Christian or secular) which generated frustration and fear to such an extent that a religious nationalism (Hindutva) was born. Nehru and the Left of the Congress Party leadership thought that modernity would overcome religion, which is a remnant of the past. They were confident that a political culture based on pluralism and tolerance would become the foundations of the new society. This is exactly what Hindu Nationalism takes issue with: the ‘pseudo-seculars’ project of building the national identity without Hinduism or against Hinduism. Hindutva asserts that Hinduism is the basis of the Indian civilization. The Hindu ethos is the soul of the nation. Keywords: Hindu Nationalism; Hinduism; Hindutva; India; Fundamentalism; secularism; religion and violence; State and religion 1. -
BJP – the Saffron Years
BJP – The Saffron Years The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all convictions, while the worst 1 Are full of passionate intensity. A spectre is haunting the nation. The spectre of communalism. The rough beast, its hour come round at last, has been unleashed and slouches its way across the land. Even those who turn away, cannot escape its breath, now slowly poisoning the air. As the curtain begins to descend on the first phase of the saffron regime, they watch in disbelief, realisation dawning that what has been witnessed thus far is merely an overture, a prologue to the tragedy of history repeating itself. If the last decade of the previous century saw the destruction of the Babri Masjid, clearing the ground for the cornerstones of a new edifice, the start of the new millennium has ushered in the era of holocaustian politics. “Gujarat brings home to us with poignant intensity the consummation of the practices of communalisation of governance. These manifold practices reach, at the end of the day, the same ends: minority communities may exercise and enjoy only those basic human rights that the ideology of Hindutva may justify....The Gujarat carnage sculpts an ominous principle of governance: the democratically elected government owes concrete duties to the dominant majorities to devise ways and means that facilitate communal revenge.”i The hidden agenda In the campaign leading to the Lok Sabha elections of 1999, political speculation frequently revolved around the possible “hidden agenda” of the BJP, as it attempted to clobber up the coalition, that ultimately formed the government as the National Democratic Alliance(NDA). -
Genocide in Kandhamal
Genocide in Kandhamal Ethnic Cleansing of Christians by Hindutva Rightwing Forces in Orissa Final 17.12.08 On 29 November 2008, India was reeling with the news that an attack of 9.11 magnitude was happening in Mumbai. Hostage taking in hotels and shootouts in public in places dominated the news, not just in India but also all over the world. The biggest news of course was that foreigners have been affected, had even fallen victims to the terror. Suddenly the perception of India in the rest of the world is one where terrorism takes place, an unsafe place where concern for personal security becomes an issue as ordinary people go about their day-to-day activities. If you draw a straight line from Mumbai to the East of India you will reach Orissa. Not many foreigners venture here but if they did they would come across some idyllic landscapes, natural habitats for now rare reptile and bird species, see unique arts, crafts and hand loomed cloth, and encounter a simple way of life, seemingly unchanged for generations. What is less obvious to the casual observer is that Orissa is one of the poorest states in India. In a fast growing economy traditional communities are displaced by industrialisation, globalisation and multi-nationalism. Fertile farmland is destroyed for factories, ancient forests cut down for mining developments and the delicate balance of the water table is decimated by the demands of heavy industry. However, this part of India is rarely exposed to western tourism or business. It is highly unlikely that anyone wanting to attract the attention of the world’s media would choose this spot. -
India April 2004
INDIA COUNTRY REPORT April 2004 Country Information & Policy Unit IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM India April 2004 CONTENTS 1. Scope of Document 1.1 - 1.7 2. Geography 2.1 - 2.4 3. Economy 3.1 - 3.4 4. History 4.1 - 4.18 1996 - 1998 4.1 - 4.5 1998 - the present 4.6 - 4.18 5. State Structures 5.1 - 5.49 The Constitution 5.1 - Citizenship and Nationality 5.2 - 5.6 Political System 5.7. - 5.11 Judiciary 5.12 Legal Rights/Detention 5.13 - 5.18 - Death penalty 5.19 – 5.20 Internal Security 5.21- 5.28 Prisons and Prison Conditions 5.29 - 5.35 Military Service 5.36 Medical Services 5.37 - 5.49 Educational System 5.41 - 5.43 6. Human Rights 6.1 - 6.325 6.A Human Rights Issues 6.1 - 6.165 Overview 6.1 - 6.18 Freedom of Speech and the Media 6.19 - 6.24 - Treatment of journalists 6.25 – 6.26 Freedom of Religion 6.27 - 6.140 - Introduction 6.27 - 6.37 - Muslims 6.38 - 6.56 - Christians 6.57 - 6.74 - Sikhs and the Punjab 6.75 - 6.139 - Buddhists and Zoroastrians 6.140 Freedom of Assembly & Association 6.141 - 6.143 - Political Activists 6.144 - 6.154 Employment Rights 6.155 - 6.160 People Trafficking 6.161 Freedom of Movement 6.162 - 6.165 6.B Human Rights - Specific Groups 6.166 - 6.319 Ethnic Groups 6.166 - Kashmir and the Kashmiris 6.167 - 6.235 Women 6.236 - 6.290 Children 6.291- 6.303 - Child Care Arrangements 6.304 - 6.305 Homosexuals 6.306 - 6.311 Scheduled castes and tribes 6.312 - 6.319 6.C Human Rights - Other Issues 6.320 – 6.325 Treatment of returned failed asylum seekers 6.320- 6.322 Treatment of Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) 6.323 – 6.325 India April 2004 Annexes Chronology of Events Annex A Political Organisations Annex B Prominent People Annex C References to Source Material Annex D India April 2004 1. -
The Debates on Religious Conversion in Post- Independence India
Poles Apart: The Debates on Religious Conversion in Post- Independence India by Ian Douglas Richards A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department for the Study of Religion University of Toronto © Copyright by Ian Richards, 2017 Poles Apart: The Debate on Religious Conversion in Post-Independence India Ian Douglas Richards Doctor of Philosophy Department for the Study of Religion University of Toronto 2017 Abstract This dissertation is an historical analysis of the ideological and religious debates over conversion to Christianity in India since its Independence in 1947. In particular, the study focuses on how these debates have played out within various forms of proposed and enacted anti-conversion legislation at the state and federal levels of government. The study identifies the key poles of the conversion debate, first set forth in India’s Constituent Assembly Debates, and which have remained remarkably uniform through 70 years of legislation, rhetoric, and scholarship. Chapter One situates the study within the context of existing scholarship on both conversion and Christianity in India, with a focus on emerging scholarly views of the manifold ways in which conversion can be defined. Chapter Two examines India as a secular nation and attempts to identify the status of religious minorities within a conceptual space which, while secular, reflects a predominantly Hindu worldview. Chapters Three, Four, and Five provide an extensive primary source analysis of the conversion debates preceding the patriation of the Indian Constitution, government reports, High Court rulings, and legislation proposed and enacted between 1947 and 1981. Chapter Six examines a second tranche of anti-conversion legislation enacted at the state level between 2002 and 2008, following the rise to power of the ii Hindu nationalist political parties at various levels of government in India. -
Neo-Hindu Fundamentalism Challenging the Secular and Pluralistic Indian State †
religions Article Neo-Hindu Fundamentalism Challenging the Secular and Pluralistic Indian State † Gino Battaglia Writer and essayist, independent researcher; Clarence Terrace, Penzance TR18 2PZ, Cornwall, UK; [email protected] † This article benefited from the assistance of George Kuscow who reviewed the text with great care and sympathy. Received: 29 August 2017; Accepted: 25 September 2017; Published: 3 October 2017 Abstract: Secularism seems to require separation between religion and State. Regarding India, it would be better to speak of ‘equidistance’ between State and religious denominations. Nonetheless a ‘balanced treatment’ towards the religions leaves the question open as to what form that equidistance should take. This is the reason of some contradictions in today’s Indian social and political life. It is likely that without the Moghul and British domination Hinduism would not have acquired a militant identity. It was the ‘epiphany’ of well-armed, powerful ‘Others’ (Muslim, Christian or secular) which generated frustration and fear to such an extent that a religious nationalism (Hindutva) was born. Nehru and the Left of the Congress Party leadership thought that modernity would overcome religion, which is a remnant of the past. They were confident that a political culture based on pluralism and tolerance would become the foundations of the new society. This is exactly what Hindu Nationalism takes issue with: the ‘pseudo-seculars’ project of building the national identity without Hinduism or against Hinduism. Hindutva asserts that Hinduism is the basis of the Indian civilization. The Hindu ethos is the soul of the nation. Keywords: Hindu Nationalism; Hinduism; Hindutva; India; Fundamentalism; secularism; religion and violence; State and religion 1. -
Keeping up with Hanuman: Reimagining the Myth of Hanuman Through Animation Mrinalini Mitra Denison University
Denison Journal of Religion Volume 18 Article 7 2019 Keeping Up With Hanuman: Reimagining the Myth of Hanuman through Animation Mrinalini Mitra Denison University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.denison.edu/religion Part of the Ethics in Religion Commons, and the Sociology of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Mitra, Mrinalini (2019) "Keeping Up With Hanuman: Reimagining the Myth of Hanuman through Animation," Denison Journal of Religion: Vol. 18 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.denison.edu/religion/vol18/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Religion at Denison Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Denison Journal of Religion by an authorized editor of Denison Digital Commons. Mitra: Reimagining Hanuman THE DENISON JOURNAL OF RELIGION Keeping Up With Hanuman: Reimagining the Myth of Hanuman through Animation Mrinalini Mitra1 Abstract Hanuman (2005) distinguished itself from the previous films by mimicking and adopting an animation style that was adopted in Western superhero movies and cartoons. The favorable response of the Indian community and diaspora to the movie Hanuman coupled with the fact that Hanuman had previously been adapt- ed in basic arcade and online games as the main hero, inspired the Indian digital gaming industry. This essay analyzes the popularity of the ‘animated’ Hanuman and the Indian audiences eagerness to ingest Hanuman’s stories through anima- tion. What makes Hanuman appealing to new media genres, like animation, in the Indian sub-continent? How do the animated visual representations of Hanuman challenge, embellish, alter, or rewrite the myth, iconography, and, broadly, the religiosity of Hanuman worship? On October 21, 2005, a new kind of movie premiered in theaters across India called Hanuman, marketed as the country’s first animated feature film. -
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September 1999 Vol. 11, No. 6(C) INDIA POLITICS BY OTHER MEANS: ATTACKS AGAINST CHRISTIANS IN INDIA Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 I. SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................................................................................3 II. RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Recommendations to the Government of India ......................................................................................................................6 Recommendations to the International Community ...............................................................................................................7 III. THE CONTEXT OF ANTI-CHRISTIAN VIOLENCE ......................................................................................................7 United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Question of Religious Intolerance .......................................................................8 The National Commission for Minorities ...............................................................................................................................9 The Sangh Parivar .................................................................................................................................................................10