Rapid Colorimetric Detection of Cyanide
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
And Cobalt(III): Syntheses, Structures, and Ligand Field Parameters
Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 8459−8468 Homoleptic Trimethylsilylacetylide Complexes of Chromium(III), Iron(II), and Cobalt(III): Syntheses, Structures, and Ligand Field Parameters Louise A. Berben and Jeffrey R. Long* Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, UniVersity of California, Berkeley California 94720-1460 Received September 10, 2005 A straightforward method for synthesizing soluble homoleptic trimethylsilylacetylide complexes of first-row transition metal ions is presented. Reaction of anhydrous CrCl2 with an excess of LiCCSiMe3 in THF at −25 °C affords orange Li3[Cr(CCSiMe3)6]‚6THF (1), while analogous reactions employing M(CF3SO3)2 (M ) Fe or Co) generate pale yellow Li4[Fe(CCSiMe3)6]‚4LiCCSiMe3‚4Et2O(2) and colorless Li3[Co(CCSiMe3)6]‚6THF (3). Slightly modified reaction conditions lead to Li8[Cr2O4(CCSiMe3)6]‚6LiCCSiMe3‚4glyme (4), featuring a bis-µ-oxo-bridged binuclear complex, and Li3[Co(CCSiMe3)5(CCH)]‚LiCF3SO3‚8THF (5). The crystal structures of 1−3 show the trimethylsilyl- acetylide complexes to display an octahedral coordination geometry, with M−C distances of 2.077(3), 1.917(7)− 1.935(7), and 1.908(3) Å for M ) CrIII,FeII, and CoIII, respectively, and nearly linear M−CtC angles. The UV− 3- 4 4 visible absorption spectrum of [Cr(CCSiMe3)6] in hexanes exhibits one spin-allowed d−d transition ( T2g r A1g) 4- 3- and three lower-energy spin-forbidden d−d transitions. The spectra of [Fe(CCSiMe3)6] and [Co(CCSiMe3)6] in acetonitrile display high-intensity charge-transfer bands, which obscure all d−d transitions except for the lowest- 1 1 energy spin-allowed band ( T1g r A1g) of the latter complex. -
Point Defects in Lithium Gallate and Gallium Oxide
Air Force Institute of Technology AFIT Scholar Theses and Dissertations Student Graduate Works 8-23-2019 Point Defects in Lithium Gallate and Gallium Oxide Christopher A. Lenyk Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.afit.edu/etd Part of the Nuclear Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Lenyk, Christopher A., "Point Defects in Lithium Gallate and Gallium Oxide" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 2369. https://scholar.afit.edu/etd/2369 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Graduate Works at AFIT Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AFIT Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POINT DEFECTS IN LITHIUM GALLATE AND GALLIUM OXIDE DISSERTATION Christopher A. Lenyk, Lt Col, USAF AFIT-ENP-DS-19-S-023 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED. The views expressed in this document are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, the United States Department of Defense or the United States Government. This material is declared a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. AFIT-ENP-DS-19-S-023 POINT DEFECTS IN LITHIUM GALLATE AND GALLIUM OXIDE DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty Graduate School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology Air University Air Education and Training Command in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Nuclear Engineering Christopher A. -
Inorganic Chemistry , 6Th Ed
Chapter 1 8 Interpretation of Spectra In the previous chapter the topic of spectral studies on coordination compounds was introduced only briefl y in connection with ligand fi eld theory, and some of the attendant problems that are associ- ated with interpreting the spectra were described. In this chapter, a more complete description will be presented of the process of interpreting spectra of complexes. It is from the analysis of spectra that we obtain information about energies of spectroscopic states in metal ions and the effects produced by different ligands on the d orbitals. However, it is fi rst necessary to know what spectroscopic states are appropriate for various metal ions. The analysis then progresses to how the spectroscopic states for the metal ions are affected by the presence of the ligands and how ligand fi eld parameters are determined for spectral data. 18.1 SPLITTING OF SPECTROSCOPIC STATES As we have seen, an understanding of spin-orbit coupling is necessary to determine the spectroscopic states that exist for various electron confi gurations, d n (see Section 2.6). Because they will be needed frequently in this chapter, the spectroscopic states that result from spin-orbit coupling in d n ions that have degenerate d orbitals are summarized in Table 18.1 . The spectroscopic states shown in Table 18.1 are those that arise for the so-called free or gaseous ion. When a metal ion is surrounded by ligands in a coordination compound, those ligands generate an electrostatic fi eld that removes the degeneracy of the d orbitals. The result is that eg and t 2g subsets of orbitals are produced. -
Loba Chemie Pvt
TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION Contact US ii MD Letter iii Company Profile iv Latest Information v Label vi Certifications vii GMP Compliant Pharma Facility viii QC Capability ix R&D x Logistic xi COA xii SDS xiii Packing xiv Quality xvi Terms Of Sales xvii Application xviii Product Highlights xix Nanopowder & Carbon Nanotubes xxvii List of New Products xxviii ALPHABETICAL PRODUCT LISTING Price List Chemical 01-155 Ecosafe Safety Products 156-160 Macherey-Nagel Filtration Products 161-181 [email protected] I CONTACT US Contact us for more information on any of our products and services HEAD OFFICE - MUMBAI Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd., Jehangir Villa, 107, Wode House Road, Colaba, Mumbai-400005 Maharashtra, India Tel: +91(022) 6663 6663 Fax: +91(022) 6663 6699 MANUFACTURING UNIT (TARAPUR) Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd., Plot No.: D-22, M.I.D.C. Tarapur, Boisar, Taluka: Palghar, Thane-401506 Maharashtra, India Ph: +91(02525) 300 001 Stay up to date about our range and availability www.lobachemie.com Get in touch with us General Enquiry: [email protected] Technical Query: [email protected] Domestic Sales: [email protected] Export Sales: [email protected] Follow us on: ii www.lobachemie.com WELCOME AT LOBA CHEMIE Dear Valued Reader Another exciting year has gone by and we would like to start the New Year, as usual, with a new catalogue featuring more innova- tive highest quality range of routine and novel Laboratory Chemi- cal and Fine Reagents. With our more than 4 decads of expertise in Laboratory Chemical and Fine Reagents we not only bring you a complete Laboratory at your fingertips but in addition with our expertise we have palced our brand of products in a very competitive position for years to come. -
The Intensity of Ligand Absorption
Western Kentucky University TopSCHOLAR® Masters Theses & Specialist Projects Graduate School 8-1-1973 The nI tensity of Ligand Absorption Shing-Bong Chen Western Kentucky University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Chen, Shing-Bong, "The nI tensity of Ligand Absorption" (1973). Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Paper 1018. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1018 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses & Specialist Projects by an authorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ny THE INTENSITY OF LIGAND ABSORPTION A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Chemistry Western Kentucky University Bowling Green, Kentucky in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Shing-Bong Chen August 1973 THE INTENSITY OP LIGAND ABSORPTION APPROVED (Date) Director of ' TheSIS —— r •Mb >„ fir t-73 :an of the Graduate School ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express gratitude to my research advisor, Dr. Earl F. Pearson, who has given freely of his time and knowledge to show me the way to scientific research. His critical advice and encour- agement are especially appreciated. In addition, I wish to thank the members of the Department of Chemistry of VJestern Kentucky University for their invaluable discussions and suggestions. I also wish to thank Mrs. Linda Moore for typing this thesis. Shing-Bong Chen iii TABLE OP CONTENTS Page ACKNOVJIEDGEJ-'ENTS ±±± LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF FIGURES ; vl ABSTRACT vll INTRDDUCTICN 1 Chapter I. -
Otto-Catalog-2019-20.Pdf
Lab Chemicals & More..... Otto Catalog 2019-20 1 CODE PRODUCT NAME CAS NO. PACKING RATE ` PACKING RATE ` A 1214 ABSCISIC ACID practical grade 10% 14375-45-2 100mg 2007 1gm 13059 A 1215 ABSCISIC ACID for biochemistry 99% 14375-45-2 25mg 1395 100mg 3609 500 mg 17469 A 1217 (7-AMINO CEPHALOSPORANIC ACID) 7-ACA 98% 957-68-6 1gm 2403 5gm 9396 A 1225 ACACIA 9000-01-5 500gm 504 5kg 4392 A 1226 ACACIA spray dried powder 9000-01-5 500gm 684 5kg 6309 A 1227 ACACIA GR 9000-01-5 500gm 828 5kg 7407 A 0855 ACARBOSE, >95% 56180-94-0 1 gm 18099 A 1229 ACENAPHTHENE pract 83-32-9 100gm 306 500gm 1395 5 kg 11907 A 1230 ACENAPHTHENE for synthesis 97% 83-32-9 100gm 450 500gm 1692 A 1231 ACENAPHTHENE GR for HLPC 83-32-9 100gm 1359 500gm 5533 A 1234 ACES BUFFER 99% 7365-82-4 5gm 864 25gm 2385 [N-(2-Acetamido)-2-aminoethane sulfonic acid] 100 gm 8739 A 1233 ACETALDEHYDE 20-30% solution for synthesis 75-07-0 500ml 477 5lt 4095 A 1235 ACETAMIDE for synthesis 99% 60-35-5 500 gm 801 A 1240 ACETAMIDINE CHLORIDE for synthesis 124-42-5 100gm 3159 250gm 7830 A 1242 N-(2-ACETAMIDO) IMINODIACETIC ACID (ADA BUFFER) 26239-55-4 25gm 855 100gm 2592 250 gm 5994 A 1245 ACETANILIDE for synthesis 98.5% 103-84-4 500gm 918 5kg 8289 A 1248 ACETATE BUFFER SOLUTION pH 4.6 - - - - - 500ml 180 5lt 1449 A 1250 ACETIC ACID glacial 99% 64-19-7 500ml 207 5lt 1602 A 1251 ACETIC ACID glacial GR 99%+ 64-19-7 500ml 252 5lt 1908 A 1252 ACETIC ACID GLACIAL GR 99.7% 64-19-7 500ml 315 5lt 1998 A 1253 ACETIC ACID GLACIAL EL 99.9% 64-19-7 500ml 378 5lt 2502 A 1254 ACETIC ACID 99.8% for HPLC 64-19-7 -
A Molecular Test Based on RT-LAMP for Rapid, Sensitive and Inexpensive
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A molecular test based on RT‑LAMP for rapid, sensitive and inexpensive colorimetric detection of SARS‑CoV‑2 in clinical samples Catarina Amaral1, Wilson Antunes2, Elin Moe1, Américo G. Duarte1, Luís M. P. Lima1, Cristiana Santos1, Inês L. Gomes2, Gonçalo S. Afonso1, Ricardo Vieira2, Helena Sofa S. Teles3, Marisa S. Reis3, Manuel A. Ramalho da Silva4, Ana Margarida Henriques5, Miguel Fevereiro5, M. Rita Ventura1, Mónica Serrano1* & Catarina Pimentel1* Until there is an efective implementation of COVID‑19 vaccination program, a robust testing strategy, along with prevention measures, will continue to be the most viable way to control disease spread. Such a strategy should rely on disparate diagnostic tests to prevent a slowdown in testing due to lack of materials and reagents imposed by supply chain problems, which happened at the beginning of the pandemic. In this study, we have established a single‑tube test based on RT‑LAMP that enables the visual detection of less than 100 viral genome copies of SARS‑CoV‑2 within 30 min. We benchmarked the assay against the gold standard test for COVID‑19 diagnosis, RT‑PCR, using 177 nasopharyngeal RNA samples. For viral loads above 100 copies, the RT‑LAMP assay had a sensitivity of 100% and a specifcity of 96.1%. Additionally, we set up a RNA extraction‑free RT‑LAMP test capable of detecting SARS‑CoV‑2 directly from saliva samples, albeit with lower sensitivity. The saliva was self‑collected and the collection tube remained closed until inactivation, thereby ensuring the protection of the testing personnel. As expected, RNA extraction from saliva samples increased the sensitivity of the test. -
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Diagrams Orgel a Splitting of the Weak Field Dn Ground State Terms in an Octahedral Ligand Field DVANCED
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Diagrams Orgel A Splitting of the weak field dn ground state terms in an octahedral ligand field DVANCED Correlation of spectroscopic terms for dn configuration in O complexes I h NORGANIC om c um er Terms in O At i N b h Term of states Symmetry S 1 A1g P 3 T 1g D 5 T2g + Eg C HEMISTRY F 7 T1g + T2g + A2g Ground state determined by inspection of degeneracy of terms for given dn ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY A Orgel Diagrams DVANCED 3 T1g(P) 4 T1g(P) I 3P 3A 4P NORGANIC 2 2g 5 Eg 4 T2g T1g 3 T2g 2 3 4 4 5 D F F T2g D C 2 3 5 HEMISTRY T2g T1g Eg 1 3 ∆o 4 ∆o 2 ∆ d 4 d ∆ d d o A2g o 2 2 T2g E 3 3 g T1g T2g 3 3 T1g A2g 3 3 T1g T1g(P) Ti3+ V2+ Cr3+ Mn3+ A DVANCED The d-d bands of the d2 ion [V(H O) ]3+ 2 6 I NORGANIC C HEMISTRY The Tanabe-Sugano diagram ADVANCED INORGANIC CHEMISTRY A DVANCED Correlation diagrams between energies of atomic and molecular terms can drawn as so-called I NORGANIC Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for each electron configuration of free ions. C HEMISTRY Y. Tanabe, s. Sugano; J. Phys. Soc, Jap., 9, 753 (1954) Energy values in a Tanabe-Sugano diagram are only given relative to the ground state (x-axis). A DVANCED The simple correlation diagram had multiples of B (the Racah parameter) on the energy axis to denote the relative energies of the atomic terms. -
Chapter 20 D-Block Metal Chemistry: Coordination Complexes
Chapter 20 d-block metal chemistry: coordination complexes Bonding: valence bond, crystal field theory, MO Spectrochemical series Crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) Electronic Spectra Magnetic Properties 1 five d-orbitals and the shapes 2 1 Hybridization schemes for the σ-bonding frameworks of different geometrical configurations 3 Limitations of VB Theory Vacant orbitals available to accept ligand electrons 3d 4s 4p Vacant orbitals available to accept ligand electrons 3d 2 3 Cr(III) d sp 3d d2sp3 Fe(III) For Fe(III), the two d orbitals in the sp3d2 hybrid orbitals would need to be from the 4d orbitals, which is not favorable because the 4d orbitals are much higher in energy than the 3d orbitals. 4 2 Crystal Field Theory (CFT) - - e - - e e e - - e e Mn+ e- e- e- e- - e- ∞ e Mn+ 12 e- rM-L Spherical Shell of e- density at rM-L 5 Crystal Field Stabilization Energy (CFSE) 2 3 3 o 2 o 5 5 6 3 The electronic absorption spectrum 3 of [Ti(OH2)6] in aqueous solution. 3d 7 Values of oct for some d-block metal complexes. 8 4 The trend in values of oct for 3 the complexes [M(NH3)6] where M = Co, Rh, Ir. Field strength increases as one proceeds down a column. oct Mn(II) < Ni(II) < Co(II) < Fe(II) < Cr(III) < Co(III) < Ru(III) < Mo(III) < Rh(III) < Pd(II) < Ir(III) < Pt(IV) 9 Factors affecting the CFSE First, note that the pairing energies for first-row transition metals are relatively constant. -
Journals. Ekb. Eg
288 Egypt. J. Chem. Vol 63, No. 10 pp. 3767 - 3777 (2020) Egyptian Journal of Chemistry http://ejchem.journals.ekb.eg/ Spectrophotometric Method For Indirect Determination Of Antihypertensive Drugs In Pharmaceuticals Mohamed Y. Dhamra* and Theia’a N. Al-Sabha Chemistry department, College of Education, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq Abstract A spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of antihypertensive drugs namely Propranolol and Methyldopa in their pure forms and in pharmaceutical formulations, based on the oxidation of the drugs with an excess of N-Bromo succinimide and the residual oxidizing agent bleaches the red colored eriochrom black-T (EBT) which is measured at 530 nm at room temperature. Linear calibration graphs were obtained in the concentration range 0.1-10 and 0.1-9 μg ml-1 with molar absorptivity 6.06×104 and 4.60×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 for above drugs respectively. No interference was observed coexistent substance. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of the drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations. Keywords: Spectrophotometry, EBT, Antihypertensive drugs 1. introduction β-blocker drug and used to control hypertension, Hypertension is commonly known as a silent cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial and killer disease which increases the risk of heart hyperthyroidism diseases [2-5]. Methyldopa, α- disease and stroke, and considered as one of methyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (II) is used as factors for death and inability over the world [1]. an antihypertensive agent and effective inhibitor Propranolol hydrochloride, 1-[isopropylamino-3- for the dopa-decarboxylase enzyme to lower [1-naphthyloxy]-2-propanol hydrochloride (I), is blood pressure [6, 7]. -
Color and Chemical Indicators Introduction
Kasey Royer Michelle Lukosi Color and Chemical Indicators Introduction A. General Purpose/Uses of Chemical Indicators • Ref. 1: Colorimetric Determination of Nonmetals, Volume VIII, Bolts, D. F. (editor), Interscience Publishers, Inc.; New York, 1958. Page 1. o “Colorimetry may be defined as the science that deals with the measurement of the light absorptive capacity of chemical systems.” • Ref. 2: Merriam-Webster, Inc., Encyclopedia Britannica Company, 2011. http://www.merriam- webster.com/dictionary. Accessed on 1/28/11. o Titration - “A method or process of determining the concentration of a dissolved substance in terms of the smallest amount of reagent of known concentration required to bring about a given effect in reaction with a known volume of the test” o Indicator – “a substance (as litmus) used to show visually (as by change of color) the condition of a solution with respect to the presence of a particular material (as a free acid or alkali)” o Analyte - “a chemical substance that is the subject of chemical analysis” • Ref. 4: Chemical Sensing Using Indicator Dyes, Wolfbeis, Otto S., University of Regensburg, Germany, Artech House; MA, 1997. Page 2 of 57. o “Indicator chemistry…in optical sensing is to convert the concentration of a chemical analyte into a measurable optical signal.” o Indicators are synthetic dies that undergo color changes upon interaction with chemical species B. General Types of Chemical Indicators pH Indicators • Ref. 5: Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Reactants: New Indicator Dyes for Monitoring Amines, Alcohols, and Aldehydes, Mohr, Gerhard J. Optical sensors; industrial, environmental, and diagnostic applications, Vol. 1. 2004. Page 51. o Indicators are frequently weak acids or weak bases o Sensors for pH are based on the protonation/deprotantion of pH indicator dyes • Ref. -
Complexometric Titration
Complexometric titration Complexometric titration (sometimes chelatometry) is a form of volumetric analysis in which the formation of a colored complex is used to indicate the end point of a titration. Complexometric titrations are particularly useful for the determination of a mixture of different metal ions in solution. An indicator capable of producing an unambiguous color change is usually used to detect the end-point of the titration. Reactions for Complexometric Titration In theory, any complexation reaction can be used as a volumetric technique provided that: 1. the reaction reaches equilibrium rapidly after each portion of titrant is added. 2. interfering situations do not arise. For instance, the stepwise formation of several different complexes of the metal ion with the titrant, resulting in the presence of more than one complex in solution during the titration process. 3. a complexometric indicator capable of locating equivalence point with fair accuracy is available. In practice, the use of EDTA as a titrant is well established Complex titration with EDTA EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, has four carboxyl groups and two amine groups that can act as electron pair donors, or Lewis bases. The ability of EDTA to potentially donate its six lone pairs of electrons for the formation of coordinate covalent bonds to metal cations makes EDTA a hexadentate ligand. However, in practice EDTA is usually only partially ionized, and thus forms fewer than six coordinate covalent bonds with metal cations. Disodium EDTA is commonly used to standardize aqueous solutions of transition metal cations. Disodium EDTA (often written as Na2H2Y) only forms four coordinate covalent bonds to metal cations at pH values ≤ 12.