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Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hygrophila: Lymnaeidae Check List 10(6): 1546–1548, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.biotaxa.org/cl) Journal of species lists and distribution N Range extension of Lymnaea cf. biacuminata Annandale ISTRIBUTIO D & Rao, 1925 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Hygrophila: RAPHIC G Lymnaeidae), with its first record from Maharashtra EO 1 3* G N state, India 2 O Sangeeta Vallabharay Pandit , Deepika Eknath Walunj and Sameer Kumar Pati OTES 1 Department of Zoology, Pune University, Pune-414 001, Maharashtra, India. N 2 Ramesh Phirodia College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Sakur-422 622, Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra, India. 3 Zoological Survey of India, [email protected] Regional Centre, Vidya Nagar, Sector No. 29, P.C.N.T. Post, Rawet Road, Akurdi, Pune-411 044, Maharashtra, India. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Lymnaea biacuminata to the morphologically similar L. acuminata Annandale & Rao, 1925, is a rare freshwater snail withL. biacuminata less than 10 fromlocality Maharashtra records in thefor states of Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttarakhand of India. This species is taxonomically problematic and its relationship Lamarck, 1822, unresolved. We identify L. cf. biacuminata sympatric with L. acuminatathe first time. To and aid this in distinguishingspecies’ distributional between range these to two Pune, species, about additional 500 km westwards information from on the breeding type locality behaviour at Hosainsagar and shell morphometrylake between Hyderabadof both species and areSecunderabad provided. in Telangana. In Maharashtra, we found DOI: 10.15560/10.6.1546 Lymnaea biacuminata and Secunderabad, Telangana (Figure 1). Additional freshwater snail of the family Lymnaeidae (Mollusca: information is provided on breeding behaviour and Gastropoda: Hygrophila) foundAnnandale in stagnant & Rao, waters 1925, (Budha is a shell morphometry of L. cf. biacuminata. We compare et al L. cf. biacuminata with the morphologically similar and from one location, Hosainsagar lake (the type locality) sympatric, L. acuminata. between. 2010). Hyderabad This species and was Secunderabad previously reported in the statein India of Lymnaea cf. biacuminata, along with L. acuminata, Telangana (formerly part of Andhra Pradesh state), 3 locations (Bhopal, Damoh, and Sagar) in Madhya Pradesh, aquatic vegetation of Hydrilla and water lily) of the and 4 locations (Dehradun, Kumaon, Nainital, and Tehri) in Departmentwas found inof anBotany, artificial University pond (1.5–2of Pune, m Maharashtradepth with et al et al. Uttarakhand (Annandale and Rao 1925; Subba Rao 1989; Ramakrishnathought it to andbe Deya phenotypic 2007; Bhide variant . 2007; of L. Budhaacuminata 2010; Vyas and Bhat 2010)rufescens (Figure 1). Subba Rao (1989) taxonomy of these taxa remains unresolved. Due to similar shellLamarck, morphologies 1822 (form (acuminate spireGray, and 1822) convex and outer the lip of aperture) of L. biacuminata with L. acuminata and a lack of information on breeding behaviour, L. biacuminata further investigation, and taxonomic study of this and might have been misidentified by many researchers. Thus, relatedSome species, lymnaeids is needed can act to confirmas an intermediate their distribution host ofin theIndia. parasites that cause diseases such as schistosomiasis and amphistomiasis in various mammals including For this reason, it is important to know the distribution ashumans well as(Subba population Rao 1989; ecology, Ramakrishna life history, and and Dey breeding 2007). behaviour of Lymnaea time L. cf. biacuminata Figure 1. Distribution map of Lymnaea biacuminata spp. Herein, we report for the first in India. 1, the type locality at Hosainsagarfrom Maharashtra tank between state, Hyderabad India, and Hyderabad; 2, Secunderabad; 3, Bhopal; 4, Damoh; 5, Sagar; 6, Dehradun; extend its known range to Pune, about 500 km west of 7, Kumaon; 8, Nainital; 9, Tehri; 10, Pune (new record); MH, Maharashtra; MP, Madhya Pradesh; TS, Telangana; UK, Uttarakhand. 1546 Pandit et al. | Range extension of Lymnaea cf. biacuminata, with first record from Maharashtra altitude). Lymnaea biacuminata has a thin, fragile, and State, India (18.54833412° N, 73.82478297° E; 585 m elongated spindle-shaped shell (Annandale and Rao 1925; ovateRamakrishna and projecting and Dey forward 2007). much The spirebeyond is thevery body short whorl and innarrow. ventral The view, last with whorl the is outerinflated. lip Theprojecting aperture noticeably is very large, in a wide arc and tapering anteriorly. The anteriorly narrowed aperture and spire give the shell a spindle-shape. The columella is slightly twisted and has a broad fold that extends forwards slightly more than half of aperture height. A well-developed callus extends from the fold to the upper lip. The umbilicus is occluded by the callus. Fine, curved, longitudinal striae are present on the shell. Our specimens specimen from the original literature (Annandale and Rao were compared with the description and figure of the type types except for the extent of bilateral asymmetry, i.e., the arc1925). of theThe outer present lip isspecimens comparatively generally narrow agree than with that the of L. biacuminata vs. Annandale and Rao the types have (Figuresacuminate 2a structuresand 2b at both the ends of the1925: shell Figure giving III, 2).a spindle-shape.However, the present Thus, ourspecimens specimens and can be still compared with L. biacuminata. At present, we are not sure about correct identity of our specimens. However, it is noteworthy to report our specimens as L. cf. biacuminata, whose taxonomy may be resolved in near future through some other methods such as molecular Figure 2. Shell of Lymnaea cf. biacuminata Lymnaea acuminata analysis and anatomical studies, especially with regard to Annandale & Rao, 1925 (ZSI- prostate glands. Because L. cf. biacuminata is sympatric views.WRC-Moll.1495) Scale bars (a= 1 and mm. b) and Lamarck, 1822 (ZSI- with L. acuminata WRC-Moll.1496) (c and d): a and c, abapertural views; b and d, apertural Breeding behaviour of L. biacuminata could be useful in , it is difficult to distinguish juveniles. some members of Lymnaeidae (e.g., Radix peregra (Müller, Juvenile specimens of each Lymnaea spp. were collected Intraspecific life history differences in populations of identification, but it is not yet known. there is at least some genetic 1774)) are due to microevolutionary adaptations to local from the artificial pond and were grown to maturity in the theseselection interpopulation pressures; that life historyis, differences were reduced laboratory for 47 days (20 November 2013 to 5 January basis (Calow 1981; Lam and Calow 1989, 1990). However, 2014). Twenty specimens of each species were kept in basis under laboratory conditions (Lam 1994). Therefore, exchangetwo separate of water containers, was done each daily.holding Both 2 L species of dechlorinated were fed thedue differences to maternal noted influences in the breeding with no behaviour evidence (frequencyof genetic thetap samewater foodat room (Hydrilla temperature) and had (20–23°C). the same Asubstratum complete of egg laying and clutch size of egg masses) of the two (water lily). Behaviour of each species was noted during populations suggested that both the populations do not the rearing period, and length, width, and aperture belong to a single species. Furthermore, the mean width height of shells were measured at the end of the culture of the shell in proportion to its mean length is different using a slide caliper. Reared specimens along with some in both the species (i.e., the shell of L. cf. biacuminata is fresh collections from the same site were preserved dry comparatively narrow than L. acuminata The shell of L. cf. biacuminata is clearly differentiated from L. acuminata by the following characters: spire; Figure less 2a–d).broad and deposited in the National Zoological CollectionL. cf.of (vs. vs. body whorl biacuminataZoological Survey of India, Western RegionalL. acuminata Centre, Pune,. withDuring registration the rearing numbers period, ZSI-WRC-Moll.1495 egg masses (colourless) for of (vs. spire broader); body whorl less inflated ( both the speciesand ZSI-WRC-Moll.1496were observed to be for laid on the lower aperturemore inflated); narrowly columella ovate in with outline a flat (vs. callusaperture posteriorly broadly side of the substratum (water lily leaves). Frequency of egg columella with a slightly convex callus posteriorly); L. cf. biacuminata L. anteriorly (vs. outer lip of aperture less tapered anteriorly) acuminata L. ovate in outline); vs.outer lip of aperture more tapered cf.laying biacuminata was 10–20 d for L. acuminata and. Shell 3–4 dlength, for Occurrence of L. cf. biacuminata . Average egg count per clutch was 10–15 for (FiguresPune leads 2a andto several 2b 2cassumptions. and 2d). The species could be and 15–20 for in an artificial pond at width and height of aperture were measured to be L.8.7– cf. biacuminata17.7 mm (12.72±1.94 mm), 4.2–8.2 mm (6.37±0.97 mm) plantsintroduced were into most the probably artificial brought pond along from withnearby the habitats. aquatic and 6.2–13.3 mm (8.88±1.62 mm), respectively for vegetation by the university. If this is true then the aquatic respectively forand L. 10.0–14.5 acuminata mm. (12.75±1.06 mm), 5.2–8.7 mm (7.31±0.84 mm) and 6.3–10.2 mm (8.39±0.92 mm), Zoological Survey of India, Pune has been carrying out regular surveys in and around Pune since last five decades.1547 Pandit et al. | Range extension of Lymnaea cf. biacuminata, with first record from Maharashtra Daya Publishing House. circumstances, we can assume that the species might Lymnaea biacuminata IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.2. Accessible However, the species was not recorded so far. In these Budha,at P.B., J. Dutta and B.A. Daniel. 2010. ; in: IUCN rule out presence of the species in natural environment 2014. ofhave Pune been and introduced probably inrecently. other partsEven ofthen, the it state, is difficult because to Lymnaeahttp://www.iucnredlist.org peregra (Gastropoda:.
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