Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Business Plan 2018 to 2021
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Cover image: Courtesey of EDF Energy — www.edfenergy.com/energy CONTENTS... 1 AT A GLANCE... 2 A BRIEF HISTORY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY... 4 BENEFITS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY... 5 WHAT THE PUBLIC THINK... 6 HOW NUCLEAR CREATES ENERGY... 7 HOW A REACTOR WORKS... 8 THE NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE... 9 MANAGING WASTE... 10 RADIATION EXPLAINED... 12 NUCLEAR AROUND THE WORLD... 14 UK NUCLEAR SITES... 16 NUCLEAR NEW BUILD... 17 NEW BUILD IN NUMBERS... 18 LOOKING TO THE FUTURE... 19 DECOMMISSIONING... 20 CAREERS IN NUCLEAR... 21 FUTHER INFORMATION... AT A GLANCE... Nuclear is a major part of our energy mix. Today it accounts for 21% of electricity generated in the UK and has been providing secure low carbon electricity for over 60 years. Low carbon energy, including There are 15 nuclear power and renewables, nuclear power account for almost 51% of the reactors operating UK’s generation electricity mix across eight sites in the UK In 2016 nuclear energy avoided 22.7 million metric tonnes of CO2 emissions in the UK BEIS,Digest of UK Energy Statistics 2018 That’s equivalent to taking around a third of all cars in the UK off the road Civil nuclear contributes over £6 billion to the jobs in the UK civil nuclear sector UK economy as much as aerospace manufacturing 12,159 Women in civil nuclear 1,981 People on apprenticeships Three quarters of the public 914 believe nuclear should be part People on graduate schemes of the clean energy mix Jobs Map figures generated from participating NIA members 1 This simple timeline charts some of the key people, events and legislation A BRIEF HISTORY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY.. -
Nuclear Decommissioning (LT) Nuclear Decommissioning Assistance Programme of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plan in Lithuania
Security and Defence Nuclear Decommissioning (LT) Nuclear Decommissioning Assistance Programme of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plan in Lithuania Challenge (depending on the waste category), including the completion of the waste management COUNCIL REGULATION The decommissioning of a nuclear installation such as infrastructure where necessary; establishing the nuclear a power plant or research reactor is the final step in 4. implementation of the building demolition decommissioning assistance its lifecycle. It involves activities from shutdown and programme; programme of the Ignalina removal of nuclear material to the environmental nuclear power plant in Lithuania 5. obtaining the decommissioning licence once Unit 1 restoration of the site. The whole process is long and and Unit 2 of the Ignalina nuclear power plant are and repealing Regulation (EU) No complex: it typically takes 20 to 30 years. It is also 1369/2013 defueled; fraught with technical, technological and financiall 6. downgrading of radiological hazards. Council Regulation (EU) 2021/101 challenges. The EU legal framework sets the highest safety standards for all activities regarding nuclear Furthermore, knowledge and experience gained and Period of Application installations, including their decommissioning. lessons learnt under the programme with regard to 2021–2027 the decommissioning process shall be disseminated In application of its Act of Accession to the Union, among Union stakeholders, thus enhancing the EU Lithuania anticipated the shutdown of the two nuclear added value of the programme. reactors in Ignalina within the agreed deadlines (2004 and 2009). RELEVANT WEBSITE FOR MORE Actions INFORMATION The Union committed to provide financial support for The actions to be funded by the Ignalina programme https://europa.eu/!bC66CU the decommissioning, in accordance with approved plans, while keeping the highest level of safety. -
Sellafield Magazine: Issue 7
Editor's Letter Editor’s Letter British engineering making a hole lot of difference page 54 his issue of Sellafield Magazine comes later than originally advertised. As a publicly funded organisation we minimised our communication Tactivity in the run up to the General Election in June. It is our home within the civil service and as a subsidiary of the Nuclear Aspiring young writers visit Sellafield Decommissioning Authority that prompted another highlight from the page 70 last few months. Our digital home has moved. We are now part of the GOV.UK platform. You can read more about the transition of our website on page 63 and don’t forget to save our new address to your favourites: www.gov.uk/sellafieldltd We have been busy since our last issue so our pages are bursting with stories about the progress we are making on the Sellafield site. You can read about the doors we have installed into the side of an old waste silo on page 54; about the robots our supply chain partner Forth Engineering have developed to help us complete radiological surveys on page 12; and find out everything you need to know about our Site Ion Exchange Plant in the latest of our ‘In Focus’ series on page 50. Our new website: www.gov.uk/sellafieldltd is now live page 63 At a corporate level, we have published our new strategy as well as our transformation plan. Together they provide an overview of our direction and our approach to fundamental and far-reaching changes in our organisation. -
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category Airborne contamination sensor Title Depth Evaluation of Entrained Products (DEEP) Proposed by Create Technologies Ltd & Costain Group PLC 1.DEEP is a sensor analysis software for analysing contamination. DEEP can distinguish between surface contamination and internal / absorbed contamination. The software measures contamination depth by analysing distortions in the gamma spectrum. The method can be applied to data gathered using any spectrometer. Because DEEP provides a means of discriminating surface contamination from other radiation sources, DEEP can be used to provide an estimate of surface contamination without physical sampling. DEEP is a real-time method which enables the user to generate a large number of rapid contamination assessments- this data is complementary to physical samples, providing a sound basis for extrapolation from point samples. It also helps identify anomalies enabling targeted sampling startegies. DEEP is compatible with small airborne spectrometer/ processor combinations, such as that proposed by the ARM-U project – please refer to the ARM-U proposal for more details of the air vehicle. Figure 1: DEEP system core components are small, light, low power and can be integrated via USB, serial or Ethernet interfaces. 小型飛翔体/海外 Figure 2: DEEP prototype software 2.Past experience (plants in Japan, overseas plant, applications in other industries, etc) Create technologies is a specialist R&D firm with a focus on imaging and sensing in the nuclear industry. Createc has developed and delivered several novel nuclear technologies, including the N-Visage gamma camera system. Costainis a leading UK construction and civil engineering firm with almost 150 years of history. -
Documenting and Popularising British Nuclear Power: Exploring Science Infotainment
InMedia The French Journal of Media Studies 7.2. | 2019 Documentary and Entertainment Documenting and Popularising British nuclear power: Exploring science infotainment Lucie de Carvalho Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/inmedia/1607 DOI: 10.4000/inmedia.1607 ISSN: 2259-4728 Publisher Center for Research on the English-Speaking World (CREW) Printed version Date of publication: 15 December 2019 Electronic reference Lucie de Carvalho, “Documenting and Popularising British nuclear power: Exploring science infotainment ”, InMedia [Online], 7.2. | 2019, Online since 16 December 2019, connection on 26 January 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/inmedia/1607 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/inmedia.1607 This text was automatically generated on 26 January 2021. © InMedia Documenting and Popularising British nuclear power: Exploring science infotai... 1 Documenting and Popularising British nuclear power: Exploring science infotainment Lucie de Carvalho Introduction 1 When Stephen Hawking passed away on March 14, 2018, much of the tribute paid underscored his iconic popularising skills. With the likes of Richard Attenborough or Jeremy Vine, Hawking rose to the status of documentary voice and British national public treasure. He also helped build bridges between science and the British public both through books and documentaries. The latter in particular have held a place of pride in the popularising techniques regarding the sometimes-esoteric world of natural or experimental sciences. As a television sub-genre, documentaries are distinct from news-providing or fiction programmes but borrow elements from both. For Bill Nichols, “The appearance of documentary involves the combination of three pre- existing elements--photographic realism, narrative structure, and modernist fragmentation—along with a new emphasis on the rhetoric of social persuasion.”1 It means that a documentary is based on chronicling the “real” through images and sounds, mostly with an activist intent. -
Sellafield What to Do in a Radiation Emergency Booklet
WHAT TO DO IN AN Emergency At Sellafield This information is prepared for everyone within the Detailed Emergency Planning Zone and the Inner Emergency Planning Zone for the Sellafield Site. EMERGENCY INFORMATION Listen to local radio. Monitor social media platforms. Dial the Sellafield Emergency Information Line on 29th September 2021 It is important that you study this booklet carefully and keep it in a safe and prominent place. WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY Introduction • This booklet gives advice on what to do in the event of an emergency at the Sellafield Site. • Sellafield is Europe’s largest single nuclear site and stores and handles industrial size quantities of radioactive material. Although unlikely, an emergency could occur involving material being stored and processed on the Site. In addition, Sellafield also holds a large inventory of other hazardous substances and again although unlikely an emergency could occur involving the chemicals being utilised on the Site. • It must be stressed that the possibility of such emergencies occurring is remote and that the design and operation of all plants on the site are independently monitored by the Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR), Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and Environment Agency (EA). • Current assessments of the radiological hazards indicate that areas between 6.1km & 8km from the centre of the Sellafield Site could be the most likely areas to be directly affected during and following a radiation emergency, this area is referred to as the Detailed Emergency Planning Zone (DEPZ). To see its geographical extent please see map A (pg13) & C (pg20). • In addition, other assessments of the chemical hazards indicate that an area up to 2km from the centre of the Sellafield Site could be the most likely area to be directly affected during and following a chemical emergency, this area is referred to as the Inner Emergency Planning Zone (IEPZ). -
International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety
OFFICIAL PROGRAMPREVIEW International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety International Cooperation Hosted by the Nuclear Criticality Safety Division of the American Nuclear Society Co-Sponsored by NEA Photo by Randy Montoya/SandiaPhoto Randy by Laboratories National September 13-17, 2015 Omni Charlotte Hotel Charlotte, NC 2015 International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety Our most sincere thanks to the following contributors for their support Gold Level Silver Level Bronze Level Other Table of Contents General Meeting Information Conference Officials 4 Schedule at a Glance 5 Daily Schedule 6-7 General Information 8 Plenary and Special Sessions Welcome Reception 9 Opening Plenary 9 Reception at the Mint Museum 9 ICNC Poster Session and Reception 10 Banquet Dinner at Founders Hall 10 ICNC Workshop 10 V.C. Summer Nuclear AP1000® Nuclear Plant 10 International Cooperation Construction Tour Columbia Fuel Fabrication Facility Plant Tour 10 Technical Sessions Technical Sessions by Day: Monday 11-12 Technical Sessions by Day: Tuesday 13-16 Technical Sessions by Day: Wednesday 17-20 Technical Sessions by Day: Thursday 21-22 Additional Hotel Map 23 www.ans.org 2015 International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety: Official Program 3 Meeting Officials International Cooperation International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety Every 4 years the international nuclear criticality safety community gathers to discuss technical, operational, computational, and regulatory issues in the practice of nuclear criticality safety. ICNC 2015 (International Conference on Nuclear Criticality) allows specialists from around the globe to come together to discuss, analyze and study the latest developments in the area of nuclear criticality safety. This is a unique opportunity to exchange ideas with industry experts, leaders, colleagues and peers. -
The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Progress with Reducing Risk at Sellafield
A picture of the National Audit Office logo Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority: progress with reducing risk at Sellafield HC 1126 SESSION 2017–2019 20 JUNE 2018 Our vision is to help the nation spend wisely. Our public audit perspective helps Parliament hold government to account and improve public services. The National Audit Office scrutinises public spending for Parliament and is independent of government. The Comptroller and Auditor General (C&AG), Sir Amyas Morse KCB, is an Officer of the House of Commons and leads the NAO. The C&AG certifies the accounts of all government departments and many other public sector bodies. He has statutory authority to examine and report to Parliament on whether departments and the bodies they fund, nationally and locally, have used their resources efficiently, effectively, and with economy. The C&AG does this through a range of outputs including value-for-money reports on matters of public interest; investigations to establish the underlying facts in circumstances where concerns have been raised by others or observed through our wider work; landscape reviews to aid transparency; and good-practice guides. Our work ensures that those responsible for the use of public money are held to account and helps government to improve public services, leading to audited savings of £734 million in 2016. The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority: progress with reducing risk at Sellafield Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed on 18 June 2018 This report has been prepared under Section 6 of the National Audit Act 1983 for presentation to the House of Commons in accordance with Section 9 of the Act Sir Amyas Morse KCB Comptroller and Auditor General National Audit Office 15 June 2018 HC 1126 | £10.00 This report examines the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority’s progress with reducing risk and hazard at its largest and most hazardous site, Sellafield. -
Movement of Radioactive Material Sellafield Site
Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on the Packaging and Transportation of Radioactive Materials PATRAM 2016 September 18-23, 2016, Kobe, Japan Paper No. 3034 Movement of Radioactive Material Sellafield Site Maz Hussain Sellafield Ltd., United Kingdom. Abstract Background The UK nuclear decommissioning priority is to reduce risk and hazard and to deliver the clean-up mission cost effectively. This is particularly relevant at Sellafield where the Legacy Ponds and Silos pose the most significant challenges. The availability of safe packaging for the movement and storage on the Sellafield site is a key enabler to meet the NDA mission for safe interim storage ahead of its subsequent treatment, packaging and final storage to a Geologic Disposal Facility (GDF). There are a significant number of packages and package design types operating on the Sellafield site. Some packages are licensed to the IAEA regulations for safe transport and others comply only with the Sellafield site specific requirements. Introduction Packages to and from the Sellafield site need to comply with the IAEA regulations for safe transport and must meet the Sellafield site requirements. However, the IAEA regulations do not apply to packages within a licensed site. For on-site safe package operations compliance is required against Sellafield site specific procedures, standards and guidance. Package Management System There are a significant number and types of package transfers routinely undertaken safely on the Sellafield site. The packages range from small (18Kg) hand held sample castles to large complex (100Te) packages some with in-built gamma gates, mechanical interlocks and hoisting drive mechanisms. The Sellafield Package Management System (SPMS) efficiently manages package operations and includes for asset register, package tracking, operational history and maintenance. -
ONR Quarterly Report Q2 2011/12 (July 11 – September 11)
Office for Nuclear Regulation An agency of HSE Cover Hinkley Point C At a glance Programmes update News Stress tests Sites we regulate ONR Quarterly Report Q2 2011/12 (July 11 – September 11) next u ONR Quarterly Report Office for Nuclear Regulation Q2 2011/12 (July 11 – September 11) An agency of HSE Cover Hinkley Point C At a glance Programmes update News Stress tests Sites we regulate Hinkley Point C: what it means for ONR The consideration of the nuclear site licence n July, ONR received the first environmental protection and issues raised in Mike Weightman’s Isite licence application for a waste management. interim and final report into the application for Hinkley Point C is an important new nuclear power station in 20 As discussed by Paul Brown accident at Fukushima. milestone for ONR as we strive towards our years and it’s important that we in last quarter’s report, ONR has Looking at how this fits with reflect upon and celebrate how moved to programme working, the Hinkley Point site licence vision of becoming we got here. demonstrating how it can meet application, ONR expects the a world-leading The application from NNB the challenges presented by whole process to be complete Generation Company, or NNB new build regulation: working ahead of NNB GenCo’s plans to nuclear GenCo, is one of a number of effectively and efficiently, while start building the main reactor regulator, proposed new nuclear power being open and transparent. structures in 2013. But once stations in the UK. Over the next Being open and transparent is again, this depends on us writes Director 18 months we will assess NNB at the heart of ONR’s vision and being satisfied with the reactor of Nuclear GenCo’s suitability, capability it is with that same transparency designs through GDA. -
DELIVERING ONSITE NUCLEAR PROJECTS: on TIME and on BUDGET 26–27 September 2017, Renaissance Manchester City Centre Hotel, Manchester
SAVE 10% 4 AUGUSTOFFER ENDS 2017 DELIVERING ONSITE NUCLEAR PROJECTS: ON TIME AND ON BUDGET KEY SPEAKERS INCLUDE: Timothy Johnson, Ops Manager, Investment Delivery EDF Energy Generation Phil Kruse, Environmental Technical Manager & Radioactive Waste Adviser NNB Generation Company, EDF Energy Tim Cook, Major Projects and Programme Manager (PFCS and Infrastructure) Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Craig Lavender, Head of EPR Regulation – New Reactors Programme Office for Nuclear Regulation Nuclear Power Committee, Ann McCall, Waste Management Director Power Industries Division Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. Conference Paul Dundee, Project Manager 26–27 September 2017 Magnox Ltd. Renaissance Manchester City Centre Hotel, Ron Hibbert, DSRL Senior Project Manager Manchester Dounreay Site Restoration Ltd. SUPPORTING ORGANISATIONS: EVENT PARTNER: Save 10% before 4 August 2017 www.imeche.org/nuclearprojects2017 DELIVERING ONSITE NUCLEAR PROJECTS: ON TIME AND ON BUDGET 26–27 September 2017, Renaissance Manchester City Centre Hotel, Manchester AS ONE OF 15 COUNTRIES DEVELOPING NUCLEAR ATTEND THIS EVENT TO: ENERGY, THE UK INDUSTRY IS • Network with project directors INVESTING £37 BILLION INTO and managers, architects NUCLEAR NEW BUILD. AS NEW and designers from licensees PROJECTS ARE UNDERTAKEN, and operators as well as key IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE contractors and suppliers NUCLEAR ENGINEERING • Gain lessons learned from COMMUNITY LEARNS THE projects implemented by key LESSONS FROM EXISTING licensees and operators including NNB Generation Company, SITES AND DECOMMISSIONING EDF Energy, Dounreay Site PROGRAMMES. Restoration Ltd., Magnox Ltd., Delivering Onsite Nuclear Projects conference NuGeneration Ltd., EDF Energy Generation and Horizon Nuclear will provide attendees with best practice and Power successful strategies to shape new projects while reducing time and cost. -
Studsvik Scandpower Overview
Studsvik Scandpower Overview Thomas Smed 2012 International Users Group Meeting Charlotte, NC, USA | May 2-3, 2012 Studsvik Scandpower direction Mission: “World Class Nuclear Fuel Analysis Software” May, 2-3 International Users Group Meeting Studsvik Product Line (CMS) CASMO GARDEL State-of-the-Art Lattice Physics Code Advanced Core Monitoring SIMULATE MARLA 3D, Steady-State Nodal Simulator BWR Shuffle Optimization CMSOps SNF Automated Reactivity Management 3D Spent Nuclear Fuel Analysis SIMULATE-3K HELIOS 3D Transient and Safety Analysis General-Geometry Lattice Physics XIMAGE Automated Loading Pattern Design CMS/ENIGMA Thermo-mechanical Fuel Performance S3R Cycle-Specific Simulator Model Engineering Services May 2-3, 2012 International Users Group Meeting Model Refinements – Key to Accuracy • CASMO5 – Method of Characteristics (exact heterogeneous geometry) – Cross section developments (ENDF-IVENDF-VIJEF ENDF-VII) – Improved resonance models (spatial and up-scattering) – Refined transport spatial and energy meshes (70 to 586 groups) May, 2-3 International Users Group Meeting Explicit Shielding of Low Energy Resonances 6.67, 20.87, 36.7 eV Pu240 Pu239 U235 U238 Fine groups Shielded May 2-3,2012 International Users Group Meeting SIMULATE5 – Radial and axial heterogeneous, multi-group models – Microscopic nuclide depletion Nodes Subnodes Radial Sub-mesh Reflector Nat. Blanket z Spacer Spacer Flux/volume Weighting Control Rod Axial Discontinuity Spacer factors Nat. Blanket May, 2-3 International Users Group Meeting Studsvik Software Mission