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A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy
A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy Blackwell Companions to Philosophy This outstanding student reference series offers a comprehensive and authoritative survey of philosophy as a whole. Written by today’s leading philosophers, each volume provides lucid and engaging coverage of the key fi gures, terms, topics, and problems of the fi eld. Taken together, the volumes provide the ideal basis for course use, representing an unparalleled work of reference for students and specialists alike. Already published in the series: 20. A Companion to Analytic Philosophy Edited by A. P. Martinich and David Sosa 1. The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy, 21. A Companion to Genethics Second edition Edited by Justine Burley and John Harris Edited by Nicholas Bunnin and Eric Tsui-James 22. A Companion to Philosophical Logic 2. A Companion to Ethics Edited by Dale Jacquette Edited by Peter Singer 23. A Companion to Early Modern Philosophy 3. A Companion to Aesthetics Edited by Steven Nadler Edited by David Cooper 24. A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle 4. A Companion to Epistemology Ages Edited by Jonathan Dancy and Ernest Sosa Edited by Jorge J. E. Gracia and Timothy B. Noone 5. A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy (2-volume set), Second edition 25. A Companion to African-American Edited by Robert E. Goodin, Philip Pettit and Philosophy Thomas Pogge Edited by Tommy L. Lott and John P. Pittman 6. A Companion to Philosophy of Mind 26. A Companion to Applied Ethics Edited by Samuel Guttenplan Edited by R. G. Frey and Christopher Heath Wellman 7. A Companion to Metaphysics Edited by Jaegwon Kim and Ernest Sosa 27. -
Polanyi Revisited Global Capitalism from an East European Perspective Editor-In-Chief: Margit Feischmidt
Volume 2 • Number 2 • 2016 East European Journal of Society and Politics Polanyi Revisited Global Capitalism from an East European Perspective Editor-in-Chief: Margit Feischmidt Section Editor: Attila Melegh Eszter Bartha Copyeditor: Chris Swart Editorial Manager: István Hegedűs The current issue was supported by: PUBLISHED BY: Centre for Social Sciences Hungarian Academy of Sciences Dr. Tamás Rudas Director General intersections.tk.mta.hu Intersections. East European Journal of Society and Politics is an Open Access peer-reviewed electronic journal. When citing an article, please use the article’s DOI identifier. Table of Contents Editorial MELEGH ATTILA AND IVÁN SZELÉNYI Polanyi Revisited. Introductions 4 KARI POLANYI LEVITT Letter to Intersections.EEJSP 11 Polanyi Revisited: Global Capitalism from an East European Perpective GYÖRGY LENGYEL Embeddedness, Redistribution and Double Dependence: Polányi-reception Reconsidered 13 CHRIS HANN Cucumbers and Courgettes: Rural Workfare and the New Double Movement in Hungary 38 JÓZSEF BÖRÖCZ Global Inequality in Redistribution: For A World-Historical Sociology of (Not) Caring 57 GÁBOR SCHEIRING Sustaining Democracy in the Era of Dependent Financialization: Karl Polanyi’s Perspectives on the Politics of Finance 84 Articles ADRIAN BRISKU Empires of Conquest and Civilization in Georgian Political and Intellectual Discourse since Late Nineteenth Century 104 Book Reviews Gareth Dale: A Life on the Left. New York: Columbia University Press. 2016. LÁSZLÓ ANDOR 124 Fred Block, Margaret R. Somers: The Power of Market Fundamentalism: Karl Polanyi's Critique. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2014. MÁRTON RAKOVICS 130 Tove H. Malloy, Alexander Osipov, and Balázs Vizi (eds.): Managing Diversity through Non-Territorial Autonomy: Assessing Advantages, Deficiencies, and Risks. -
Country Study: India
UNRISD UNITED NATIONS RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Country Study: India Edited by R. Nagaraj Commissioned for the UNRISD Flagship Report on Poverty Project on Poverty Reduction and Policy Regimes June 2010 ▪ Geneva The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) is an autonomous agency engaging in multidisciplinary research on the social dimensions of contemporary development issues. Its work is guided by the conviction that, for effective development policies to be formulated, an understanding of the social and political context is crucial. The Institute attempts to provide governments, development agencies, grassroots organizations and scholars with a better understanding of how development policies, and processes of economic and social change, affect different social groups. Working through an extensive network of national research centres, UNRISD aims to promote original research and strengthen research capacity in developing countries. Research programmes include: Civil Society and Social Movements; Democracy, Governance and Well-Being; Gender and Development; Identities, Conflict and Cohesion; Markets, Business and Regulation; and Social Policy and Development. A list of the Institute’s free and priced publications can be obtained by contacting the Reference Centre. UNRISD, Palais des Nations 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Tel: (41 22) 9173020 Fax: (41 22) 9170650 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.unrisd.org Copyright © United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD). This is not a formal UNRISD publication. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed studies rests solely with their author(s), and availability on the UNRISD Web site (www.unrisd.org) does not constitute an endorsement by UNRISD of the opinions expressed in them. -
Nuclear Proliferation: Why States Pursued the Bomb and How U.S
NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION: WHY STATES PURSUED THE BOMB AND HOW U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AFFECTED STATES DECISION-MAKING by Jacob Martin A thesis submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Government Baltimore, Maryland August 2020 © 2020 Jacob Martin All Rights Reserved Abstract This paper discusses why countries decided to pursue nuclear weapons and explore to what extent U.S. foreign policy factored into such decision-making. Three theoretical models were considered with regard to providing a rationale for either attempted or successful nuclear proliferation: the security model, the reputational model, and the domestic/political model. This research tests the thesis that regardless of the type of government, economy, location, conventional military strength, as well as the depth of foreign relations with the United States, states are more likely to pursue a path to nuclearization to counter perceived geopolitical threats of an existential nature, if robust security guarantees are not assured. To test this thesis, three sets of case studies are used: allies (South Korea, Israel, France), adversaries (Iran, Iraq, North Korea), and loose allies (Pakistan, India). The central conclusion drawn from this thesis and its exploration of theoretical models and relevant case studies has shown that although security alliances are often viewed as being problematic due to a past likelihood to entangle countries and entrap them in broader conflict, as seen in both world wars, the opposite is true, as their value has shown to be key in furthering global efforts to counter nuclear proliferation. With the exception of the French nuclear program, which can be best explained by the reputational model, the security model is most suited to explain the rationale of states’ nuclear pursuits. -
Report: the 1998 Indian and Pakistani Nuclear Tests
CHAPTER 4 INDIA’S TESTS—OPERATION SHAKTI ‘BUDDHA TODAY SMILED’1 4.1 On Monday, 11 May 1998, India conducted three underground nuclear tests in the Pokhran Range in the desert of Rajasthan near the Indo-Pakistan border.2 In defiance of world opinion, India followed these tests on 13 May with two additional explosions. 4.2 The tests, the first carried out by India since 1974, marked the culmination of years of work undertaken by the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) and the Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO). According to DAE and DRDO the three tests conducted on 11 May were with a fission device with a yield of about 12 KT, a thermonuclear device with a yield of about 43 KT and a sub-kilo tonne device. All were detonated simultaneously and the thermonuclear device was designed to meet stringent criteria such as containment of the blast to minimise any chance of causing damage to buildings and structures in neighbouring villages. The 12 KT weapon was designed for tactical purposes such as aircraft bombs, missiles and artillery shells while the thermonuclear weapons were normally intended for strategic purposes.3 4.3 The tests carried out on 13 May involved two sub-kiloton devices and were also detonated simultaneously. The yields of the sub-kiloton devices were in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 KT and produced data to be used for the computer simulation of nuclear design.4 DAE and DRDO maintained that the tests were fully contained with no release of radioactivity into the atmosphere.5 The two explosions on 13 May barely registered on global seismic equipment but this may have been because the bombs 6 were set off in a deep sand dune.