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History Treadway and Buffington Family
Treadway and Buffington Family INTRODUCTION The material on pages one through thirteen of this collection of records was furnished by Mr. John Frank Treadaway of Madison. Georgia, who died in 1950, because of a breakdown in health. Mr. Treadaway was forced to discontinue his genealogical research which, as will be observed, he confined to his forebear, the Revolutionary Soldier. Daniel Treadaway, of South Carolina, from whom most of the Treadaways in the South descend. Knowing that Mr. Treadaway was desirous of sharing his records. I am including them along with my own and those of others. After reading Mr. Francis Marion Treadaway's brief history (beginning on page 5) of the Daniel Treadaway family, one cannot help being impressed with his apparent determination to give only the facts, and if in doubt he would say "if I have been correctly informed", etc. Therefore. I fully accept his statement as being true that Richard Treadaway, of Orangeburg District. S. C.,(nor Barnwell County), father of Daniel, the Rev. Sol., did immigrate, with his family from New Jersey to South Carolina although as yet no proof of this has been established. In view of the above. I decided it would be advisable to include in my collection the Treadway records as found in the N. J. Archives in conjunction with those furnished by Miss Helen Hall of Omaha. Nebraska, on her Henry Treadway of New Jersey. Also. Tread(a)way records from others are likewise included. Permission by these contributors to use such records is greatly appreciated. One can readily see that this work represents considerable research, and it is hoped this collection of both Treadaway and Buffington family records will prove helpful to many people interested in these families. -
Doctoral Dissertation Template
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE REPRESENTATION AND MISREPRESENTATION: DEPICTIONS OF NATIVE AMERICANS IN OKLAHOMA POST OFFICE MURALS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By DENISE NEIL-BINION Norman, Oklahoma 2017 REPRESENTATION AND MISREPRESENTATION: DEPICTIONS OF NATIVE AMERICANS IN OKLAHOMA POST OFFICE MURALS A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE SCHOOL OF VISUAL ARTS BY ______________________________ Dr. Mary Jo Watson, Chair ______________________________ Dr. W. Jackson Rushing III ______________________________ Mr. B. Byron Price ______________________________ Dr. Alison Fields ______________________________ Dr. Daniel Swan © Copyright by DENISE NEIL-BINION 2017 All Rights Reserved. For the many people who instilled in me a thirst for knowledge. Acknowledgements I wish to extend my sincerest appreciation to my dissertation committee; I am grateful for the guidance, support, and mentorship that you have provided me throughout this process. Dr. Mary Jo Watson, thanks for being a mentor and a friend. I also must thank Thomas Lera, National Postal Museum (retired) and RoseMaria Estevez of the National Museum of the American Indian. The bulk of my inspiration and research developed from working with them on the Indians at the Post Office online exhibition. I am also grateful to the Smithsonian Office of Fellowships and Internships for their financial support of this endeavor. To my friends and colleagues at the University of Oklahoma, your friendship and support are truly appreciated. Tammi Hanawalt, heather ahtone, and America Meredith thank you for your encouragement, advice, and most of all your friendship. To the 99s Museum of Women Pilots, thanks for allowing me so much flexibility while I balanced work, school, and life. -
The Education of Young Men at the Cherokee Male Seminary, 1851-1910
‘TO MAKE US INDEPENDENT’: THE EDUCATION OF YOUNG MEN AT THE CHEROKEE MALE SEMINARY, 1851-1910. By NATALIE PANTHER Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Fort Lewis College Durango, CO 2003 Master of Arts in History Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK 2007 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 2013 ‘TO MAKE US INDEPENDENT’: THE EDUCATION OF YOUNG MEN AT THE CHEROKEE MALE SEMINARY, 1851-1910.” Dissertation Approved: L.G. Moses Michael M. Smith Richard Rohrs Stephen Perkins ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this dissertation was possible because of the academic and emotional support of many individuals. I would like to express thanks to my advisor, L.G. Moses, whose insight and optimism kept this project moving forward. I would also like to express gratitude to OSU professors Dr. Michael M. Smith and Dr. Rick Rohrs, who read and improved several drafts of each chapter. Finally, I thank OSU professor of anthropology Dr. Stephen Perkins for invaluable feedback in the beginning and final stages of the project. I had outstanding research assistance from archivists and staff at several museums. Archivist Vickie Scheffler at the Northeastern State University archives in Tahlequah and archivist Tom Mooney at the Cherokee Heritage Center in Park Hill were especially helpful in locating Male Seminary documents. Vickie even found a photo of my great-grandmother’s school photo from the Female Seminary. I would also like to thank the archivists and staff at the Oklahoma Historical Society in Oklahoma City, the Huntington Museum in San Marino, CA, the Oklahoma State University Government Documents Department, and the Harvard University Special Collections Department. -
MISSOURI BUFFINGTON 10.Pdf
1 MISSOURI BUFFINGTON (by. John Clinard, Tellico Village, Loudon TN, January 2010) Who was Missouri Buffington? First, she lived in the Cherokee Nation in southeastern America from 1795 to 1835 with her father being a Buffington and her mother being a Fields, both parents half-breed Cherokees. Both the Buffingtons and the Fields were important families in American history as the country’s growth intersected the Cherokee people. The Buffingtons and Fields were woven into times as the Cherokee moved from prominence in America to a people in the way of American progress, resulting in many tragedies, most significant being the 1838-39 " Trail of Tears" or, "The Trail Where They Cried" ("Nunna daul Tsuny"). But Missouri, who married the son of a Cherokee Town Chief, was dead at the age of 40, three years before the “Trail of Tears”. Killed in Brasstown NC in 1835, along with two of her sons, by prospectors over a cow, we see the tragedy of Missouri as representative of many American Indian tragedies. Further, Missouri happens to be my 4th great-grand mother. Cherokee blood is in my veins and in the veins of many Americans, and we should not forget this. Indeed, I feel I must review Missouri’s life, as far as it can be reconstructed, helping to make her life more of a reality that can be embraced. The Cherokee were/are a Native American people historically settled principally in Georgia, the Carolinas and Eastern Tennessee. In the 19th century, the Cherokees were known as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes", because by then they had assimilated numerous cultural and technological practices of European-American settlers. -
Cherokee Resilience and Interfactional Cooperation in the Early Twentieth Century
"UNTIL WE FALL TO THE GROUND UNITED": CHEROKEE RESILIENCE AND INTERFACTIONAL COOPERATION IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY By TABATHA TONEY Associate of Arts in Secondary Education Rose State College Midwest City, OK 2007 Bachelor of Arts in History/Museum Studies University of Central Oklahoma Edmond, OK 2009 Master of Arts in History/Museum Studies University of Central Oklahoma Edmond, OK 2010 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2018 "UNTIL WE FALL TO THE GROUND UNITED": CHEROKEE RESILIENCE AND INTERFACTIONAL COOPERATION IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY Dissertation Approved: Dr. William S. Bryans Dissertation Adviser Dr. Laura Arata Dr. Douglas Miller Dr. Lindsay Smith ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A common expression is that it takes a village to raise a child. It also takes a village to raise a graduate student. There are many whom I need to express my utmost gratitude for fostering my success in the last decade. I first want to thank the Scholarship Committee in the OSU Department of History for their continued support that enabled me to continue my education despite financial difficulties. Throughout my time at Oklahoma State University, I have been lucky to have worked with several professors. Drs. Moses, McCoy, Cooper, and Huston provided wonderful encouragement when I was a new student. I am thankful for the time Dr. Brian Frehner served as my advisor. A special thank you to Dr. Bryans for serving as my last advisor and staying with me through the entire process. -
2010 Trail News
Trail of Tears National Historic Trail Visit Trail News www.NationalTOTA.org for conference registration Cherokee Youth Feel Some of Ancestors’ Pain during Bike Ride by Will Chavez, Senior Reporter forcibly removed, but going through “a Organizers said the ride was meant Cherokee Phoenix fraction of the suff ering” they endured made to provide participants the chance to him appreciate his heritage more. experience Cherokee history personally The bicyclists who rode nearly 1,000 miles and help understand the strength of their through six states learned leadership, The bonds the group formed helped make ancestors. teamwork and Cherokee history, but they the trip successful, Nelson said. also shared some of their ancestors’ pain. This is the third tribally sponsored group “You get to be family pretty quickly,” he said. to make the trip. The fi rst “Remember Although the pain was physical, the challenges “There were defi nitely hard parts, through the Removal” ride was in 1984. The ride were mental, said most of the bicyclists who the mountains of Tennessee…but we was revived in 2009 to mark the 25th endured the third “Remember the Removal” worked pretty well together.” anniversary of the 1984 event. Riders age ride. The ride retraced the northern route of 16 to 36, representing eight communities, the Trail of Tears. The ride was the “hardest thing” 18-year-old participated in this year’s trip. Ashley Johnson, of Claremore, said she has ever experienced, but she had “a lot of fun” Sierra Carson, 18, of Welling, said she doing it. learned more about the Trail of Tears and wants more people to know about it. -
ALLEN, Penelope Johnson, Cherokee Collection
State of Tennessee Department of State Tennessee State Library and Archives 403 Seventh Avenue North Nashville, Tennessee 37243-0312 PENELOPE JOHNSON ALLEN CHEROKEE COLLECTION 1775-1878 Processed by: Gracia M. Hardacre Archival Technical Services Accession Number: 1787 Date Completed: September 7, 1966 Location: VI-C-1-4 Microfilm Accession Number: 815 MICROFILMED INTRODUCTION The Penelope Johnson Allen Cherokee Collection spans the years 1775-1878 and contains materials relating to the Cherokees and to John Ross (1790-1866), Principal Chief of the Cherokees, 1828-1866. The collection was purchased from Mrs. Penelope Johnson Allen of Chattanooga, Tennessee, who previously obtained the portion belonging to John Ross from his grandson, Robert Bruce Ross (1845-1930). The abstract of provisions (1836) issued to Cherokee Indians (30 pages) was a gift of Roy Ashley of Big Spring, Tennessee (ac. no. 69-301). The materials described in this finding aid measure 7.98 linear feet. There are no restrictions on the materials. Single photocopies of unpublished writings in the Cherokee Collection may be made for purposes of scholarly research. SCOPE AND CONTENT This collection consists of the papers of John Ross (1790-1866), statesman and Principal Chief of the Cherokees from 1828-1866, and of materials relating to the Cherokees added after his time. The papers of John Ross are comprised of the following: correspondence (1788-1866), documents of the Cherokee Nation (1781-1850), papers relating to Brainerd Mission (1816-1831), surveys (1819-1820), and claims (1817-1845). Material relating to the Cherokees is as follows: negative photostatic copies of letters and documents (1775-1876) from the Virginia State Papers of the Virginia State Library in Richmond, Virginia; U.S. -
Citizens of the Cherokee Nation
43D CONGRESS, } SENATK { Mrs. Doc. 2d Session. No. 66. MEMORIAl..~ OF CITIZENS OF THE CHEROKEE NATION, RENWNSTRATING .Against the establishment of a territo1·ial government ot•er them. FEBRUARY 2, 1875.-Referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. 'l'o the Congress of the United States : The undersigned citizens of the Cherokee Nation, resident in the In dian Territory, respectfully represent: That they have learned with profound astonishment and grief that the honorable board of Indian peace commissi :ners, represented by Messrs. Clinton E. Fisk, U. S. Hammond, E. R. Hoberts, and J. D. Lang, (the chairman thereof being, as we understand, treasurer of the Atlantic and Pacific Hailroad Com pany, which claims large contingent land-grants in our country,) have, on their return to the seat of Government of the United States, reported that there exists an irnrnediate necessity, on account of the frequency of crime, for the organization of a territorial form of government over the people of this Territory ; and that such action by Congress would re ceive "the hearty indorsement of a great majority of the inhabitants of the Territory." It is not necessary for your petitioners to inquire into the means by which the honorable commissioners arrived at this aston ishing conclusion; but we may be permitted respectfully to enter our solemn protestation against its justness. It is true that crime, to some extent, exists among us-where does it not exist 'l-and it is also true, sometimes offenders escape the penalty of the law; but we affirm, with out fear of successful contradiction, that the one or the other is not of more frequent occurrence in any of the nations or tribes of the Indian Territory than in any State or Territory of the United States that, like our country, has been subjected to the calamities and demoralization attending the late war among your people. -
2009 Trail News
Trail of Tears National Historic Trail Trail News Conference Registration Inside President Signs Bill Expanding Trail of Tears INSIDE THIS ISSUE The Trail of Tears National Historic Trail Those study segments, as well as associated • NPS Superintendent’s Message...... 2 gained 2,845 miles, more than doubling in round-up forts and campgrounds, were size, when President Barack Obama signed added to the existing national historic trail • TOTA President’s Message............. 2 the Omnibus Public Lands Management under the Trail of Tears Documentation Act on March 30. Act, part of the newly-passed Public • Georgia Parks Budget Cut............. 3 Lands Bill. Included are many short trail Only the best-documented routes followed segments from collection forts in Georgia, • Trail on Arkansas Register.............. 3 by Cherokee groups were included when North Carolina, Alabama, and Tennessee the national historic trail was established to the main trailhead departure points near • TOTA Chapter News............... 4-5, 8 by Congress in 1987. Other potential trail Chattanooga, Tennessee; and the Benge segments were omitted because little was and Bell routes, two primary long-distance • Joint Council Meeting................... 6 known at that time about their historic trails that cross six states. Other additions location and use. A 2007 National Park include numerous water and overland • Trail Calendar................................ 8 Service feasibility study re-examined trail segments used by groups traveling by those routes in light of new information boat along major rivers, along with short • Librarian Presentation in Illinois..... 9 and determined that most are, in fact, “dispersal” routes from the ends of the original, well-documented and important land and river trails to the fi nal settlement • Conference Information......... -
Postings\Smoot\1817 Cherokee Reservation Roll.Wpd
Text transcribed from National Archives and Records Administration microfilm ID #A21, Register of Cherokees who wished to remain in the east, annotated by Glen Davis. All annotations copyrighted ©2004, Glen Davis. 1817 Cherokee Reservation List The 1817 Cherokee Land Cession included an option for those Cherokees wishing to remain east of the Mississippi River to obtain a 640 acre land grant. This marked the beginning of the Americans’ ultimately successful removal of the southeastern Indians by changing the manner in which the Cherokee perceived land ownership. Before this time all Cherokee land was “owned” in common by the tribe as a whole. Now, individuals became land owners. The grant constituted a life estate to the reservee, dependent on the reservee maintaining possession of the land, with a right of passing the reserve on to the reservee’s heirs in fee simple. In the transcription below, spelling is as in the documents from which the microfilm was made. Added data is in blue Abbreviations used: IRW = In Right of Wife IRC = In Right of Children IRD = in right of daughter s & l = surveyed and laid off A = acre(s) REGISTER OF PERSONS WHO WISH RESERVATIONS UNDER THE TREATY OF JULY 8, 1817 ..............Rsvr ...............................# in ......Individ When ........# .....ST ....Name ................fam .....Location .............................Status ..Other 1817 ........22 ....GA ...Adair, Walter ..........6...100 A. east side of Chatahoochee + lime kiln + 540 ......................................................A. where he lives ............................ 1818 ........39 ....GA ...Alberty, Moses ........4 ..Hightower ..................................IRW ..............67 ....AL ....A-ha-mah ............2 ..Wills Creek ..........................................enrolled for Arkansas ..............96 ....GA ...Adair, Edward ........5 ..Socquee ................................... ..............97 ....GA ...Adair, Samuel ........5 ..Ches ta tee ................................ -
Memorial of Citizens of the Cherokee Nation, Remonstrating Against the Establishment of a Territorial Government Over Them
University of Oklahoma College of Law University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 2-2-1875 Memorial of citizens of the Cherokee Nation, remonstrating against the establishment of a territorial government over them. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/indianserialset Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation S. Misc. Doc. No. 66, 43d. Cong., 2nd Sess. (1875) This Senate Miscellaneous Document is brought to you for free and open access by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 by an authorized administrator of University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 43D CONGRESS, } SENATK { Mrs. Doc. 2d Session. No. 66. MEMORIAl..~ OF CITIZENS OF THE CHEROKEE NATION, RENWNSTRATING .Against the establishment of a territo1·ial government ot•er them. FEBRUARY 2, 1875.-Referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. 'l'o the Congress of the United States : The undersigned citizens of the Cherokee Nation, resident in the In dian Territory, respectfully represent: That they have learned with profound astonishment and grief that the honorable board of Indian peace commissi :ners, represented by Messrs. Clinton E. Fisk, U. S. Hammond, E. R. Hoberts, and J. D. Lang, (the chairman -
Divided We Fall: Cherokee Sovereignty and the Cost of Factionalism, 1827-1906
DIVIDED WE FALL: CHEROKEE SOVEREIGNTY AND THE COST OF FACTIONALISM, 1827-1906 By TABATHA DEE TONEY (BOOTH) A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY/MUSEUM STUDIES University of Central Oklahoma 2010 Abstract As a tribe, the Cherokees interacted with Europeans early in American history. From initial contact, tribal sovereignty became an issue during trade and land negotiations. The tribe began with full autonomy that required European nations to parlay treaties as they would with other countries. As the United States became an independent force, Cherokee sovereignty faced its biggest threat as the federal government demanded land, political power, and submission. Disagreements and factions within the tribe further enabled the U.S. to capitalize on the situation and reduce self determination until its dissolution in 1906. The thesis covers the Cherokee struggle for sovereignty and the effect of internal factionalism, beginning with removal in the 1830s and ending with the termination of federal recognition of their tribal government in 1906. In each era, internal fissures enabled the U.S. government to capitalize on the lack of a united front to gain greater ground in reducing Indian autonomy. The thesis begins with Indian removal and the important Supreme Court cases, The Cherokee Nation v. Georgia and Worcester v. Georgia, ending with the Trail of Tears. The next chapter portrays the experience in Indian Territory, with the explosion of political violence and resulting federal intervention. The section also chronicles the Civil War, which reopened factional lines and enabled the harsh Treaty of 1866.