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Geographical Indication Schemes in Croatia, Hungary and Poland Geographical indication schemes in Croatia, Hungary and Poland Synthesis report Geographical indication schemes in Croatia, Hungary and Poland Synthesis report Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Budapest, 2018 Required citation: FAO. 2018. Geographical indication schemes in Croatia, Hungary and Poland. Budapest. 30 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) as at present in force. Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. Photo credit: © FAO ii Contents Background ............................................................................................................ 1 1. Implementation of European GI system (quality policy) ...................... 3 1.1. Situation before EU accession ..................................................................... 3 1.2. Main steps and difficulties in implementing GI policy .............................. 3 2. The GI system today: National rules on registration and registered GIs ............................................................................................................................. 7 2.1. Hungarian system of applications: Verification and registration ............. 7 2.2. Croatian system of applications: Verification and registration ................. 8 2.3. Polish system of applications: Verification and registration ..................... 9 3. The GI system today: Certification and market control system (preventing the unlawful use of protected geographical indications) ... 12 3.1. Certification – compliance with product specification ............................. 12 3.2. Market control system ............................................................................... 13 4. Quality policy as a part of rural development policy ........................... 15 5. National (regional) quality schemes ......................................................... 18 5.1. Hungarian case: ......................................................................................... 18 5.2. Polish case: ................................................................................................. 19 Advice, suggestions or recommendations to improve the GI system ...... 21 iii Acknowledgements This synthesis report was prepared by Jakub Jasiński, PhD (Institute of Rural and Agricultural Development of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland). It is based on individual country studies on the state of geographical indications in Croatia, Hungary and Poland, conducted within FAO project TCP/RER/3501. The following experts prepared country reports: • Jelena Dugum – Technical report on Croatian experiences of work done to introduce geographical indications (quality policy) • Ágnes Szegedyné Fricz – Technical report on Hungarian experiences of work done to introduce geographical indications (quality policy) • Jakub Jasiński – Technical report on Polish experiences of work done to introduce geographical indications (quality policy) The final version of this paper was prepared after the technical consultation organized by the FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia on “Geographical Indications Schemes in REU region” (Budapest, 11–13 December 2017). Emilie Vandecandelaere, an economist with FAO, and Dmitry Zvyagintsev, an FAO policy officer, coordinated the preparation of the country studies and the synthesis reports, and they reviewed and provided valuable technical insight during project implementation within the framework of the Regional Initiative “Improving Agrifood Trade and Market Integration” of the FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia. FAO Senior Policy Officer Ariella Glinni is the Regional Initiative’s delivery manager. iv Abstract Geographical indication (GI) schemes can play a special role in promoting sustainable rural development, improving farm income and opening new export potential. Natural factors such as soil, climate and plant varieties play a major role in producing a unique product. Usually, GIs comprise knowledge and skills passed on from generation to generation, helping to protect local heritage. General rules concerning geographical indications (for food products) are the same in all European Union countries. In light of this, the aim of the report is not to focus on the solutions of the community; rather, the report attempts to answer the question of how and for what purpose European quality policy tools are used in these countries. The report covers lessons learned from GI-system implementation and from the perspective for this sector, including the role of GIs in agriculture and rural development policy. The report also contains recommendations for the future. This report was prepared from three comprehensive reports on the implementation of food quality policies in Croatia, Hungary and Poland. It highlights issues that were (or still are) key points in creating an effective system for protecting geographical indications and promoting quality food in these countries. As such, it can be treated as a benchmark for countries that intend to prepare, implement or reform their national food quality policies. v vi Background At the Twenty-ninth Session of the FAO European Regional Conference in Bucharest in April 2014, a number of ad-hoc requests were received asking for technical support in relation to local traditional products. Building on countries’ experience in the region regarding geographical indications, FAO launched a project titled “Support to Sustainable Geographical Indications development in Europe and Central Asia region”. The aim of the project was to strengthen the capacities of the ministries in charge of agriculture and intellectual property and to support more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems in the REU region through the development of sustainable geographical indications (GIs) within an integrated regional approach. The project was built on (i) a review of existing legal and institutional frameworks on GI products in a number of countries (Armenia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Moldova and the Russian Federation), (ii) a study on how GI policies have been implemented in newer European Union countries (Croatia, Hungary and Poland) and (iii) a regional workshop to share experiences and discuss perspectives in the region. This report was prepared from three comprehensive reports on the implementation of food quality policies in Croatia, Hungary and Poland. It highlights issues that were (or still are) key points in creating an effective system for protecting geographical indications and promoting quality food in these countries. As such, it can be treated as a benchmark for countries that intend to prepare, implement or reform their national food quality policies. General rules concerning geographical indications (for food products) are the same in all European Union countries. In light of this, the aim of the report is not to focus on the solutions of the community;
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