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LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, E.G. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(Roofi

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LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, E.G. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(Roofi CPC - C04B - 2021.08 C04B LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D 7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C 10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE Definition statement This place covers: Chemical aspects of the processing of lime, magnesia or dolomite and of molten slag. Compositional aspects of: • inorganic binders, such as hydraulic cements ; • mortars, concrete and artificial stone, e.g. the choice of fillers or active ingredients therefore; • shaped ceramic products, e.g. clay-wares, refractories , non-oxides. Physico-chemical aspects of methods for obtaining mortars, concrete, artificial stones or ceramics , e.g. for delaying the setting time of mortar compositions. Treatment including defibrillating of materials such as fillers , agglomerated or waste materials, or refuse to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone. Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware, and the preparation thereof. Methods and apparatus for: • burning or slaking lime; • obtaining mineral binders, e.g. Portland cement or hemihydrate plaster; • the expansion of mineral fillers , such as clay, perlite or vermiculite. After- treatment of artificial stones, mortars, concrete and ceramics , e.g. coating or impregnation of green concrete after primary shaping. Non-mechanical treatment of natural stone. Processing powders of inorganic compounds in preparation to the manufacturing of ceramic products . 1 C04B (continued) CPC - C04B - 2021.08 Definition statement The joining of burned ceramics with other articles by heating. References Limiting references This place does not cover: Granulating apparatus B01J 2/00 Mechanical features relating to the working of mortars, concrete, stone, B28 clay-wares or ceramics , e.g. mixing or shaping ceramic compositions, boring natural stone Chemical preparation of powders of inorganic compounds C01 Devitrified glass-ceramics C03C 10/00 Compositions containing free metal bonded to carbides, diamond, oxides, C22C borides, nitrides, silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, such as oxynitrides or sulfides, other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents 2 C04B (continued) CPC - C04B - 2021.08 Limiting references Building elements or constructions; Finishing work on buildings E04 Informative references Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search: Materials for prostheses or for coating prostheses A61L 27/00 Chemical or biological purification of waste gases B01D 53/34 Layered products B32B Treating inorganic non-fibrous materials to enhance their pigmenting or C09C filling properties Adhesives C09J Cementing or plastering compositions for boreholes or wells C09K 8/00 Alloys based on refractory metals C22C Shaft or vertical furnaces in general F27B 1/00 Hydraulic hardening materials , e.g. concretes, ceramics or refractories G21F 1/00 for protection against radiation, i.e. shielding Special rules of classification In this subclass, for the parts C04B 2/00-C04B 32/00, C04B 38/00, C04B 40/00, C04B 41/00 the CIS indexing system is used. For details, see below Combination set (C-sets) 1. Introduction 1.1 This manual relates to the rules to be applied when classifying documents using C-sets in the "cement part" of subclass C04B. With the "cement part" we mean the whole of the subclass, with the exception of the range C04B 33/00 - C04B 37/00. However, symbols of the range C04B 33/00 - C04B 35/00 can be used as Indexing Codes (when the classification is in C04B 38/00 or C04B 41/00). 1.2 C-sets are used in three major areas: - C04B 2/00 - C04B 32/00 and C04B 40/00: Compositions of cement/concrete mixtures or of artificial stone like materials - C04B 38/00: porous materials - C04B 41/00: after treatment. 1.3 Symbols that are used in the present C-set system are chosen from: - C04B 2/00 - C04B 41/00 (with the exception of C04B 37/00): these are symbols which can be used as classification as well as symbols in the combination sets (C- set), C04B 2103/00 - C04B 2201/00, C04B 2290/00: these are symbols used as additional information (CCA) or within the C-set (see below). 1.4 The principles of Combination sets are based on the possibilities offered by the IPC (until IPC7) for using classification symbols also as (linked) Indexing Codes. 3 C04B (continued) CPC - C04B - 2021.08 Special rules of classification The C-sets are present in EPODOC: /CCI : CPC classification symbol /CCA: Additional information /CLC: the combination sets (C-sets) of symbols linked to the classification (CCI) or to the additional information (CCA) The first symbol of a C-set is referred to as the "base class". Symbols in the C-set are separated by a comma (,). The base group can be an CCI or CCA group 2. C-sets in the range C04B 2/00 - C04B 32/00 and C04B 40/00 2.1 This part of C04B relates to cement-, mortar-, concrete- and artificial stone compositions or their constituents or ingredients. As a general rule such compositions (further referred to as "mixtures") contain three types of ingredients: - one or more binders (organic or inorganic) - fillers (inactive ingredients) - active ingredients, e.g. accelerators. [Exception: main group C04B 30/00 relates to compositions not containing binders]. 2.2 Overview of main groups: - C04B 2/00 - C04B 12/00 : relate to inorganic binders as such - C04B 14/00 - C04B 20/00 : relate to fillers - C04B 22/00 - C04B 24/00 : relate to active ingredients - C04B 26/00 - C04B 32/00 : relate to the mixtures - C04B 40/00 : relates to characteristics / preparation of the mixtures 2.3 Classification rules: 2.3.1 When an invention relates to an individual ingredient, classification is made in the range C04B 2/00 - C04B 12/00 if this ingredient is a binder, in the range C04B 14/00 - C04B 20/00 if the ingredient is a filler and in the range C04B 22/00 - C04B 24/00 if it is an active ingredient. 2.3.2 When an invention relates to a mixture, classification is made in the range C04B 26/00 - C04B 32/00, according to the binder used while applying the last place rule (LPR). So if a combination of an organic and an inorganic binder is present, classification is made in C04B 28/00, not in C04B 26/00. If a combination of two inorganic binders is present, classification is done in C04B 28/00 according to the LPR for one of the binders, the others are added as symbols in the C-set and are chosen from C04B 7/00-C04B 12/00 groups. If one of the ingredients is (suspected to be) new or unusual, or special details describing this ingredient are given, classification is also made for this ingredient. 2.3.3 When the invention merely relates to the preparation or characteristics of the mixture, classification is made in C04B 40/00. If the mixture as such or one of its ingredients is considered to be new or unusual, classification is made for these aspects too. For obtaining porous materials see point 3. below. 4 C04B (continued) CPC - C04B - 2021.08 Special rules of classification 2.3.4 When the invention relates to an active additive which is a mixture on its own, e.g. the combination of two specific polymers and a specific inorganic salt, classification is made in C04B 40/0039. If the use of one of the ingredients as such is new to the field, classification for this ingredient as such is made also. 2.4 C-set rules: 2.4.1 Primary goal of the combination set is to identify the individual constituents of the mixtures, using the classification symbols for these ingredients as part of a C-set, linked to the classification symbol which already identifies (one of) the binder(s). Example 1: A mixture containing a mixed binder of aluminium cement, Portland cement and a polymeric co-binder, next to diatomaceous earth and an inorganic sulfate will be classified - according to the LPR - in C04B 28/06, the other ingredients being identified by the appropriate symbols in the C-set: CCI: C04B 28/06 C-set (CLC) : C04B 28/06, C04B 7/02, C04B 14/08, C04B 22/142, C04B 24/26 An organic co-binder next to an inorganic binder is indexed as an active organic ingredient (main group C04B 24/00). Because in this example, all ingredients as such are known in the field, no further classification is made. 2.4.2 When for one of the ingredients alternatives are mentioned, separate C-sets are made. Example 2: If in the example 1, an inorganic chloride was mentioned as an alternative to the sulfate, the indexing would look like: Set 1: C04B 28/06, C04B 7/02, C04B 14/08, C04B 22/142, C04B 24/26 Set 2: C04B 28/06, C04B 7/02, C04B 14/08, C04B 22/12, C04B 24/26 (Putting C04B 22/12 and C04B 22/142 in the same set would mean they are both present in the same mixture). 2.4.3 When classification is made for individual (active) ingredients, their function or in some cases their characteristics can be identified using the C04B 2103/00 series. Example 3: A new organic sulfonated plasticizer: /CCI : C04B 24/16 /CCA : C04B 2103/30 When for a mixture, many alternatives for the same ingredient with a specific function are mentioned, instead of making a set for each alternative, only one C-set with the C04B symbol in the C-set for the function can be made. If one of the alternatives is preferred in the document a second set with the symbol for that alternative can be made too. Example 4: In a concrete mixture, a superplasticizer is added.
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