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Remembering Country: History and Memories of Towarri National Park

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Remembering Country: History and Memories of Towarri National Park Remembering Country History & Memories of Towarri National Park Sharon Veale Remembering Country Remembering Country History &Memories of Towarri National Park Written and compiled by Sharon Veale Foreword In 1997 the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service embarked on a program of research designed to help chart the path the Service would take in cultural heritage conservation over the coming years.The Towarri project, which is the subject of this book, was integral to that program, reflecting as it did a number of our key concerns.These included a concern to develop a landscape approach to cultural heritage conservation, this Published by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service June 2001 stemming from a recognition that to a great extent the conventional Copyright © NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service ISBN 0 7313 6366 3 approach, in taking the individual heritage ‘site’ as its focus, lost the larger story of ‘people in a landscape’. It also concerned us that the Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this site-based approach was inadequate to the job of understanding how publication may be reproduced by any process without written permission people become attached to the land. from the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. Inquiries should be addressed to the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. Attachment, of course, is not something that can be excavated by The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent archaeologists or drawn to scale by heritage architects. It is made up those of the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service. While every effort substantially of memories. In the present case, Sharon Veale takes an area has been made to ensure that the information is accurate at the time of printing, the NPWS cannot accept responsibility for any errors of farmland in the Upper Hunter Valley that in the late 1990s became or omissions. Towarri National Park and she asks how its former occupants remember National Library Cataloguing – in – Publication data; it, how they revisit the land and their lives on the land via their memories. Veale, Sharon. The National Parks and Wildlife Service has a compact with the people Remembering country : history & memories of Towarri National Park. of New South Wales, both Aboriginal and non-indigenous, to acknowledge ISBN 0 7313 6366 3. the meaning that their lives and the lives of their ancestors have given to 1. Land use, Rural – New South Wales – Towarri Mountain Region - the lands in our care.This commits us not just to the study of individual History. 2. Agriculture – New South Wales – Towarri Mountain Region – History. 3. Towarri National landscapes and the communities of those attached to them, but also to Park (N.S.W.) – History. 4. Towarri Mountain Region (N.S.W.) a study of the very process of attachment itself.The present book is a – History. I. New South Wales. National Parks and Wildlife Service. II. Title. step in that direction. 994.44 Denis Byrne Cover design: Jelly Design Design and layout by: Jelly Design Cultural Heritage Division Printed by: RT Kelly Pty Limited NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service PO Box 1967 Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone: 1300 361 967 or 02 9585 6333 Fax: 02 9585 6555 Web site: www.npws.nsw.gov.au Cover photograph: Ruth Logan (left) and Marie Halliday (right), in 1953 when as members of a local youth group they climbed part way to the top of Mount Tinagroo. Photo courtesy Ruth Logan. Contents Preface ix Introduction xv PART I: A HISTORY OF TOWARRI Aboriginal country, exploration and appropriation 1 The surveyors arrive; Encountering Aboriginal people; Impossible to trace; Sharing a camp The white settlers arrive: 1820 –1860 11 Amity and outrage; Fighting for country; Surviving; A landscape in transition Consolidating ownership: 1860 –1900 16 A selector’s life; Educating the children; Life for Aboriginal people Changing times: 1900 –2000 29 Segregation, assimilation, self-determination and reconciliation; Uncertain education; A land under siege; Changing tenure and difficult times; New responses; Hard decisions; A national park declared PART II: TOWARRI REMEMBERED Sharing memories 44 Allan Henderson 46 Working the basin; Dry Creek; Burning the tussock; It could have been magnificent Philippa Henderson 48 Never seen anything so steep; Pasture improvement; Sheep work; Polo, tennis and marvellous balls Allan Lawler 51 I thought I was a millionaire; Never sorry that I did take the job; Looking after the horses; We kept fairly busy; We used to wear hobnailed boots; Shearing; Fogging – it was a killer; Fencing; Fire fighting – it’s jolly hard work; Walls of water coming; Wildlife and vegetation; Mostly social games; Those balls were pretty good Stan Wicks 60 Preface I wanted to be at the saleyards; They kept us in tucker; We’ve always been busy; Sheep work at Braeside; Good neighbours; Mum lived in town; Braeside was lovely Paul Murray 64 Research for this book commenced in 1999.The idea for it stemmed from A family property; Making ends meet; A bucket over cultural heritage survey work that myself and others were involved in at your arm and a handful of seed; Mustering; the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) from the mid-1990s. A changing landscape; Lopping trees to feed the cattle; For me, what was most inspiring about this work was the people we met Bushfires and burning off; Native wildlife and feral animals; connected to each new Park. Everywhere we went we encountered people Family matters; You get a bit sentimental who were willing to share their stories. Sometimes it was a chat in the main street, or somewhere on-Park, other times it was lengthy conversations in Patricia Farrell 72 comfy lounge chairs over sandwiches and several cups of tea.As we taped Always in the family; It’s not good country; Glen Murray homes; interviews and jotted down notes, rich and complex pictures of landscape A house built by Grandfather; No wonder Mum wanted to get to town; were drawn. Helping out; Mustering around the blue teapot; Sometimes as many The knowledge and extraordinary experiences people shared with as 300 rabbits a night; The old mailman thought it was great; us about the places and people dear to them revealed a very personal The neighbours visit and the good china came out; Selling Glen Murray; Now a national park landscape, one that government agencies have not traditionally shown a great deal of interest in.The opportunities we had to ‘see’ the landscape Beverlee Adams 79 through the eyes of those individuals who had known and loved Park Moving to Sans Tache; Early settlement along Dry Creek; country confirmed our view that the values and meanings attributed to The land and Aboriginal people; A bit of a greenie; places by local people were a vital part of ensuring the appropriate The job of classifying; My bird country; The rock wallabies are lost; conservation and management of national parks. I guess one day I’ll have to leave; Feeling the country through the This background has informed Remembering Country: History & soles of my feet Memories of Towarri National Park. Soon after receiving approval to undertake the project, I visited the National Parks and Wildlife Service Pearl Wilson 85 office in Muswellbrook. There I was provided with a list of former property Off the beaten track; The hut and the pioneer cottage; It was a good life; owners and other research material.While in the area I visited local historical God’s little heaven on earth societies and libraries and started gathering preliminary information. Back in Sydney, I made contact with people who knew the landscape Arthur Alexander Hall 90 of Towarri National Park and arranged to meet with them to discuss In the family for over 100 years; A productive farm; Hard times; their participation in the project. During fieldwork in December 1998 The Sladdens and the Murrays; I’ve ridden all over the Park; I met with locals Paul Murray, Patricia Farrell, Mrs Philippa Henderson, Something to do all the time Allan Henderson and Beverlee Adams. I also made contact with Victor Conclusion 94 Perry from the Wonnarua Tribal Council.All were enthusiastic about the project and keen to be involved. OHM consultants were commissioned Footnotes 95 to conduct oral history interviews, and in May 1999 they commenced work in the Upper Hunter.An Aboriginal oral history project was also undertaken. Interviews were collected by Tracey Miller (née Skene) and Rhoda Perry on behalf of the Wonnarua Tribal Council. ix The interviews they recorded, along with those collected by OHM consultants, combined with primary and secondary source material gathered by myself and others, have formed the basis of this book. My greatest debt of gratitude is to the people who have shared their stories, for it is their lives and memories that have brought this book into being.Thanks to the Wonnarua Tribal Council, in particular Victor Perry, Tracey Miller, Rhoda Perry and the individuals who participated in the oral history project, for their interest and encouragement, and for enabling us all to learn something of the Aboriginal experience. Sue Andersen and Mary Ann Hamilton from OHM Consultants, who conducted the oral history interviews with former property owners, Park neighbours and others.To the interviewees, who spent time remembering country and allowed images from their personal collections to be reproduced here. I wish to extend my gratitude to Allan Henderson and his mother, Philippa Henderson, Paul Murray, Patricia Farrell,Allan Lawler, Beverlee Adams, Peal Wilson,Alex Hall, Stan Wicks, Grant Worthington and Ranald Mackay.A special thank you to Ruth Logan, whose captivating photograph graces the cover.
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