Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma

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Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Afyon Kocatepe UniversityUniversity Journal of Sciences AKÜ-FEBİD 11 (2011) 011003 (31-37) AKU-J. Sci. 11 (2011) 011003 (31-37) Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma Özgür Cengiz, Ali İşmen, Uğur Özekinci ve Alkan Öztekin Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi, Çanakkale e-posta: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ve [email protected] Geliş Tarihi: 20 Ekim 2011; Kabul Tarihi: 20 Aralık 2011 Özet Anahtar kelimeler Bu araştırma Saroz Körfezi’nin balık faunasını tespit etmek için Şubat 2005-Eylül 2008 tarihleri Balık türleri; arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda 3 sınıfa ait 22 takım, 59 familyaya ait 124 tür Saroz Körfezi tanımlanmıştır. Bu türlerin 28’i kıkırdaklı, 96’sı ise kemikli balıktır. An Investigation on Fish Fauna of Saros Bay (Northern Aegean Sea) Abstract Key words This investigation was carried out between February 2005-September 2008 to determine the fish Fish species; fauna of Saros Bay. As a result, a total of 124 species belong to 3 classis, 22 ordo, 59 families were Saros Bay identified. Of these species, 28 of them belong to cartilagonius and 96 to bony. © Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi 1. Giriş kaydını vermişlerdir. Saroz Körfezi’nin balık faunası ile ilgili çalışma ilk kez Koç vd. (2004) tarafından Üç tarafı denizlerle çevrili olan Türkiye’nin balık gerçekleştirilmiş ve 21 familyaya ait 30 tür tespit faunasını tespit etmek için 20. yy.dan itibaren etmişlerdir. Bu türler içinde 3 tanesi kıkırdaklı, 27 başlarda yabancı araştırmacıların öncülük ettiği, tanesi ise kemikli balıktır. Daha sonra, bölgede sonradan Türk araştırmacıların sürdürdüğü birçok türlerin boy-ağırlık ilişkisine (İşmen vd., 2007; çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmaların İşmen vd., 2009; Özekinci vd., 2009; Yığın ve İşmen, bazıları; Mater ve Kaya (1987), İskenderun Körfezi 2009) ve populasyon dinamiğine (Yığın ve İşmen, civarlarında bulunan Apogon nigripinnis (Cuvier, 2010) yönelik araştırmalar yürütülmüştür. Bir 1828) ve Pelates quadrilineatus (Bloch, 1790)’u bölgedeki biyoçeşitliliğin korunması, ilk önce Türkiye suları için ilk kayıt olarak vermişlerdir. Kaya mevcut durumun ortaya konulması ile ilişkilidir. vd. (1990), Gökova Körfezi’nden yakaladıkları Fakat zaman içinde belirli bir balık faunasına yeni Gobius vittatus (Vinciquera, 1883)'u Türkiye için tür veya türlerin katılması söz konusu olabileceği yeni kayıt olarak vermişlerdir. Gücü vd. (1994), gibi var olan türlerin de neslinin azalması ya da İskenderun ve Anamur bölgeleri arasında 26 ortadan kalkması ihtimaller arasındadır. Bu Kızıldeniz kökenli türün varlığını rapor etmekle nedenlerden dolayı, mevcut fauna devamlı olarak birlikte bu türlerden Callionymus filamentosus izlenmeli, olası değişimler ve bunun ekosistem (Valenciennes 1837), Alepes djedaba (Forsskål, üzerinde olabilecek etkileri araştırılmalıdır (Ak vd., 1775), Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775) ve Pempheris 2008). vanicolensis (Cuvier, 1831)’i Türkiye suları için yeni Bu çalışmada, Saros Körfezi’nin ihtiyofaunal kayıt olarak sunmuşlardır. Bizsel ve Cihangir (1996), çeşitliliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gökova Körfezi’nde yaptıkları çalışmada Sphyraena viridensis (Cuvier, 1829)’i Türkiye suları için ilk kayıt 2. Materyal ve yöntem olarak sunmuşlardır. Irmak vd. (2007) Türkiye denizlerinde sadece 2 kaydı yer alan Cubiceps Ege Denizinin kuzeydoğu kesiminde yer alan ve gracilis (Lowe, 1843) türünün Fethiye Körfezi için ilk 2000 yılından beri trol avcılığına kapalı olan Saroz Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Cengiz ve ark. Körfezi, güneyde Gelibolu Yarımadası ile kuzeyde uygun üreme ve beslenme alanı olup Türkiye’nin Trakya kıyıları arasında bulunan ve yaklaşık olarak diğer bölgelerinde avcılık yapan balıkçı gemilerini 60 km kadar içeri sokulan üçgen şeklinde bir av sezonunun başlamasıyla beraber bölgeye körfezdir (Şekil 1). Saroz Körfezini içine barındıran çekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Şubat 2005-Eylül 2008 Kuzey Ege Denizi uzun bir kıta sahanlığına, çamurlu tarihleri arasında Saroz Körfezi’nde yürütülmüştür. ve kumlu düz bir dip yapısına ve daha fazla Örnekler 0-50 m, 50-100 m, 100-200 m ve 200-500 miktarda besleyici elementlere sahiptir (Maravelias m derinliklerde aylık trol çekimleri yapılarak ve Papaconstantinou, 2006) ve Güney Ege Denizi ile toplanmıştır. Balık türlerinin tespitinde Mater vd. kıyaslandığı zaman fitoplankton ve zooplankton (2003)’den yararlanılmıştır. Türlerin sistematik açısından çok daha zengindir (Theocharis v.d., dizilişleri Bilecenoğlu vd. (2002) ve Fricke vd. 1999). Bu sebeplerden dolayı, hem tür bakımından (2007)’ne göre yapılmıştır. çeşitlilik sergilemektedir hem de önemli bir balıkçılık sahasıdır. Bu sayede birçok balık türü için Şekil 1. Saroz Körfezi ve örnekleme istasyonları. 3. Bulgular Bu çalışmada, Saroz Körfezinden yakalanan 59 Scyliorhinus stellaris Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]3 familyaya ait 124 türün sistematik kategorileri Familya: Triakidae 3,7 sunulmuştur. Bu sistematik kategoriler Çizelge 1’ de Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1821 [A-M] 2,3,7,8,9,10 gösterilmektedir. Mustelus mustelus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Mustelus punctulatus Risso, 1827 [A-M] Ordo: Hexanchiformes Çizelge 1. Saroz Körfezi’ndeki balıkların sistematiği. Familya: Hexanchidae Phylum: Chordata Hexanchus griseus Bonnaterre, 1788 [Kz] Subphylum: Vertebrata Heptranchias perlo Bonnaterre, 1788 [Kz]8 Class: Elasmobranchii Ordo: Lamniformes Ordo: Carchariniformes Familya: Odontaspididae Familya: Scyliorhinidae Carcharias taurus Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810 [Kz] Galeus melastomus Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810 [A-M] Ordo: Rajiformes 2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10 Scyliorhinus canicula Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Familya: Dasyatidae AKÜ FEBİD 11 (2011) 011003 32 Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Cengiz ve ark. Dasyatis centroura Mitchill, 1815 [A-M]2 Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]1,2,3,4,7,9 Dasyatis pastinaca Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]1,2,4,7,8,9,10 Ordo: Gadiformes Familya: Gymnuridae Familya: Gadidae 2 Gymnura altavela Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Gadiculus argenteus Guichenot, 1850 [E] 1,2,7 Familya: Myliobatidae Merlangius merlangus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] 3,4,7 Myliobatis aquila Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Micromesistius poutassou Risso, 1827 [A-M] 3,9 Pteromylaeus bovinus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817 Trisopterus minutus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] [A-M]2 Familya: Lotidae Familya: Rajidae Molva macrophthalma Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1810 [A-M] 8 Dipturus oxyrinchus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Familya: Macrouridae 3,8,9 6,10 Leucoraja naevus Müller & Henle, 1841 *A-M] Caelorinchus caelorhincus Risso, 1810 [A-M] 1,2,3,4,7,8,9 Hymenocephalus italicus Giglioli, 1884 [A-M] Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 [Kz] 2,3,4,8,9 Familya: Merluccidae Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 [Kz] 2,3,4,5,7,8,9 2,3,4,5,9 Merluccius merluccius Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Raja radula Delaroche, 1809 [E] 3 Familya: Phycidae Rostroraja alba Lacepède, 1803 *A-M] 2,3,4 Phycis blennoides Brünnich, 1768 *A-M] Ordo: Squaliformes Phycis phycis Linnaeus, 1766 [A-M]3,4,7 Familya: Centrophoridae Çizelge 1. Saroz Körfezi’ndeki balıkların sistematiği Centrophorus granulosus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 [A-M] (Devamı) Familya: Dalatiidae Ordo: Lophiiformes Etmopterus spinax Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]6 Familya: Lophiidae Familya: Oxynotidae 3,4,8,10 2,3,8 Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807 [A-M] Oxynotus centrina Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] 2,7,9 Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Familya: Squalidae Ordo: Ophidiiformes 1,3,5,7,8 Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 [Kz] Familya: Ophidiidae 7,8 Squalus blainville Risso, 1827 [Kz] Ophidion barbatum Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]2,4 Ordo: Squatiniformes Ophidion rochei Müller, 1845 *E+ Familya: Squatinidae Ordo: Osmeriformes Squatina squatina Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]7 Familya: Argentinidae Ordo: Torpedinidae Argentina sphyraena Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]8 Familya: Torpedinidae Ordo: Perciformes 2,3,4,7,8,9 Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 [A-M] Familya: Blenniidae 2,3,4,7,8,9 Class: Holocephali Blennius ocellaris Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Ordo: Chimaeriformes Familya: Callionymidae Familya: Chimaeridae Callionymus fasciatus Valenciennes, 1837 [E] 3,4,9 Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]6,8 Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Class: Actinopterygii Familya: Carangidae Ordo: Anguilliformes Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868 2,4,5,7,9,10 Famiya: Congridae [A-M] 6 Conger conger Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]3,5,7,9,10 Trachurus picturatus Bowdich, 1825 [A-M] Trachurus trachurus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]1,3,4,7,9,10 Familya: Ophichthidae Familya: Centracanthidae Ophisurus serpens Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Spicara maena Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]4,7 Ordo: Aulopiformes Spicara smaris Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]1,3,4,7,9,10 Familya: Chlorophthalmidae Familya: Cepolidae Chlorophthalmus agassizi Bonaparte, 1840 [A-M]6,8 Cepola macrophthalma Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]2,3,4,7,9,10 Ordo: Beryciformes Familya: Gobiidae Familya: Trachichthyidae 3 6 Deltentosteus quadrimaculatus Valenciennes, 1837 [A-M] Hoplostethus mediterraneus Cuvier, 1829 [Kz] 1,3,7,9 Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Ordo: Clupeiformes 3 Lesueurigobius friesii Malm, 1874 [A-M] Familya: Clupeidae Familya: Labridae 1,4 Alosa agone Scopoli, 1786 [E] 2,4,5,7,9 Coris julis Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] 2,7,9,10 2,4,7,9 Sardina pilchardus Walbaum, 1792 [A-M] Symphodus tinca Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] 7 Sprattus sprattus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M] Familya: Mullidae Familya: Engraulidae Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 [A-M]1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10 AKÜ FEBİD 11 (2011) 011003 33 Saroz Körfezi (Kuzey Ege Denizi) Balık Faunası
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