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Atlas De Metros Del Mundo MARK OVENDEN Atlas de metros del mundo MARK OVENDEN atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 3 11/10/2016 16:41:56 Cogí el metro Cogí el metro en Canillejas, me senté viejo con un chica joven. Cuando iba a —Si tuviéramos una papelina -se y fui pasando las estaciones con entrar, se cerraban las puertas y mi lamentó. en Canillejas expresión devota. Torre Arias, Suanzes, viejo se quedaba mirándome con pena —Déjate de papelinas, eso está bien Juan José Millás Ciudad Lineal, Pueblo Nuevo, mientras nos alejábamos en dirección al principio, para expandir la Quintana, El Carmen, Ventas... Si entre al miércoles. Allí estaba mi vieja, que conciencia, pero nosotros ya estamos túnel y túnel vas repitiendo el nombre entraba y me preguntaba por papá. expandidos. de las estaciones con los ojos Cuando le decía que lo había visto en —Pues no sé. El caso es que esta cerrados, la retahíla acaba el martes se ponía a llorar, porque, por vez no he visto a mi viejo en el martes transformándose en una oración. Por lo visto, no salen trenes para volver al ni a mi vieja en el miércoles y ahora lo menos, eso es lo que le decía el martes hasta el domingo. No le conté estoy preocupado. Así no puedo tipo que iba a mi lado a un discípulo lo de la chica, claro. concentrarme. pálido.Los miré de reojo y vi que —Tonterías, no ves más que —¿Has mirado en el jueves? bajaban los párpados y comenzaban a tonterías. Tienes que concentrarte —En el jueves no ha parado esta susurrar: Diego de León, Núñez de más. A ver, vamos a repetir la letanía vez el tren, no sé por qué. La estación Balboa, Rubén Darío, Alonso Martínez, básica, empiezo yo: Begoña, Herrera estaba oscura y sucia, como Chueca... Cuando llegaban a ópera, Oria, Lavapiés. deshabitada. empezaban otra vez por Canillejas, y —Esperanza, Valdeacederas, Tetuán. —A lo mejor era una estación de la cosa sonaba como un salmo que te —Cuzco, Cuatro Caminos, Opañel. Berlín Oriental. Antes se veían así, iba apartando de las miserias de este —Campamento, Guzmán el Bueno, tapiadas. mundo. De súbito, abrieron los ojos y Concepción. —Yo nunca he estado allí, así que se quedaron mirando al vacío. -Bien, y ahora repítelo todo entero no sé cómo eran. —¿Qué has visto? -preguntó el tú sólo en voz baja a mucha velocidad. —Eso no puedes asegurarlo; yo un maestro. —¿Y qué es lo que tengo que ver? día cogí el metro en Pirámides y salí en —No sé, un rostro. San Juan Bosco, —Arquetipos, imágenes telúricas, San Sulpicio, que está en París. quizá. guerreros. Cerré los ojos y recé entera la línea —Cuando has abierto los ojos, no; —O sea, El señor de los anillos. 4, que me gusta mucho. Entonces tuve cuando los tenías cerrados. —Para eso hemos bajado a las a visión de los días de la semana y me —¡Ah!, me parecía que iba en un profundidades, porque para donde pareció ver, en el domingo, al padre tren que recorría la semana, cada día íbamos nos venía mejor el autobús. del muchacho pálido con una chica era una estación. El discípulo pálico se concentró y joven, pero cuando abrí los ojos para —¿Y qué pasaba? al rato tuvo que confesar que no decírselo habían desaparecido. —Nada. Bueno, sí: el lunes ni te lo conseguía ver otra cosa que no fueran cuento, pero en el martes estaba mi los días de la semana. atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 5 11/10/2016 16:41:56 atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 6 11/10/2016 16:41:59 atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 7 11/10/2016 16:42:02 Para la gente que quiero, los diseñadores que hicieron nuestros viajes más fáciles, y los destinos que nos quedan por descubrir. Título original: Transit Maps of the World © Mark Ovenden © Del prólogo: Juan José Millás © De la traducción: Iria Torres © De esta edición: Nórdica Libros, S.L. Avda. de la Aviación 24, bajo P - 28054 Madrid Tlf: (+34) 917 055 057 www.nordicalibros.com Capitán Swing Libros, S.L. c/ Rafael Finat 58, 2º4 - 28044 Madrid Tlf: (+34) 630 022 531 www.capitanswinglibros.com Maquetación: Juan Junquera Corrección ortotipográfica: Victoria Parra y Ana Patrón Primera edición: octubre de 2016 ISBN: 978-84-16830-06-0 IBIC: WTR Depósito Legal: M-36666-2016 Impreso en España / Printed in Spain Gracel Asociados Alcobendas (Madrid) Diseño de cubierta: Mark Ovenden. Composición digital de Alan Foale. Imagen reproducida por cortesía de Transport for London. Imágenes páginas iniciales: publicidad destinada a promover el uso del Metro de Barcelona para preservar el medio ambiente (cortesía de TMB). Detalle del plano del Metro de Tokio (cortesía y © de Zeroperzero.com). Imagen página 2: plano del Metro de Hamburgo dibujado en el techo de un vagón, circa 1915 (cortesía de Cameron Booth). Concepto de maquetación de la página 3: Reka Komoli. Maquetación general: Mark Ovenden. Editor consejero: Max Roberts. Los derechos de todos los planos e imágenes reproducidos en este libro pertenecen a sus autores originales. La mayoría de los planos históricos pertenecen a las colecciones de: Mike Ashworth, Cameron Booth, Peter Lloyd, Axel Mauruszat, Julian Pepinster, Max Roberts, J. J. Sedalmaier, Richard Thorogood hijo, la Biblioteca de UITP, o el autor. Durante la elaboración de este libro, se ha hecho todo lo posible para contactar con los propietarios de los derechos de las imágenes aquí reproducidas. Expresamos nuestras disculpas en los casos en los que esto no ha sido posible y agradecemos su contribución a la historia del transporte. Cualquier forma de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública o transformación de esta obra sólo puede ser realizada con la autorización de sus titulares, salvo excepción prevista por la ley. Diríjase a CEDRO (Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos, www.cedro.org) si necesita fotocopiar o escanear algún fragmento de esta obra. atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 8 11/10/2016 16:42:04 Contenidos 003 atlas-de-metros-de-mundo-int.indd 3 11/10/2016 16:42:10 Introducción desde las ventanas del tren o a lo largo Estas útiles herramientas no suelen de los pasillos de baldosas. Es emplear los planos tradicionales, sino necesario, pues, que los mapas se que a menudo recurren a Google, Bing diseñen concienzudamente para o bases de datos de código abierto ofrecer el camino más sencillo a través para indicar a los viajeros la ruta hasta de la oscuridad. Por este motivo, la su destino. 1. cartografía de transportes es la rama En las páginas web de algunas del diseño de mapas que más ha compañías, este tipo de planificación Iluminar el camino recurrido a la simplificación de la 3. de ruta en tiempo real predomina de mayor parte de sus elementos en tal modo que resulta casi imposible Mark Ovenden, autor e historiador de formas esquemáticas. como Jabbour, Ji-hwan (2), Roberts y encontrar un simple mapa esquemáti- diseño de transportes. La habilidad para sintetizar una red Sañudo (4). Otros cartógrafos, por co de la red. de rutas entrelazadas en algo que ejemplo, Archambault, Bossi y Folkin, Cerca de 250 millones de personas pueda seguirse con facilidad, a menudo merecen también una mención viaja cada día en algún medio de trans- con prisas, y a veces en entornos poco especial. porte de masas. Para muchos, su iluminados, es lo que hace brillar a Desde que la primera versión de trayecto diario al trabajo es invariable, algunos grandes diseñadores y la causa este libro se publicó en 2003, no sólo pero el resto ha tenido que consultar de que ciertas creaciones ostenten la se han abierto una miríada de estacio- algún tipo de mapa. E incluso los categoría de icono. Dentro del ámbito nes de tren urbano a lo largo del viajeros frecuentes necesitan en de los diseñadores de planos oficiales, mundo, sino que casi cada ciudad aquí 4. ocasiones un plano; bien sea porque destaca una constelación de estrellas recogida se ha beneficiado de nuevas Este libro, por tanto, celebra la van a desviarse de su ruta habitual, entre las que encontramos a: Beck, líneas y ampliaciones (por ejemplo, evolución del diseño de los planos de bien porque buscan un nuevo Dow y Foale (Reino Unido), Lagoutte, Shanghái, I), y el estatus y la importan- transporte desde su origen hasta 2016, itinerario y enlaces por primera vez, o Meyer y Redon (Francia), Hertz, cia del diseño de planos de transporte al tiempo que reconoce que el futuro para contemplarlo distraídamente Salomon, Tauranac, Vignelli y Wyman es ahora estudio de más libros y blogs de este formato no está ni mucho mientras viajan. (3) (Norteamérica), Speikermann (ver Bibliografía), e incluso de cursos menos garantizado. Miles de millones de mapas de (Alemania) y Lebedev (Rusia). Existen universitarios y estudios psicológicos. transporte se han imprimido desde que también muchos diseñadores con Los departamentos de diseño de * Esta edición recoge casi un centenar de aparecieron por primera vez a mediados talento que presentan versiones mucho algunas empresas de transporte ponen ciudades, de las cuales sólo se han del siglo xix en Nueva York y Londres. más innovadoras y experimentales, tanto empeño en plasmar en un plano seleccionado trescientos mapas. Desde entonces, estos prácticos la ruta de sus pasajeros que están * Los lectores están invitados a enviar planificadores de viaje se han converti- alcanzando el tamaño de centros de sus ideas o sugerencias a la página web do, probablemente, en los elementos cartografía nacionales. La RATP de París del autor (markovenden.com) o a través cartográficos más reproducidos. proporciona una panorámica de la Isla de blogs como el de Cameron Booth En los sistemas de transporte más de Francia comparable, si no más (transitmaps.tumblr.com).
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