ARCH 242: BUILDING HISTORY II

Renaissance & Baroque: Rise & Evolution of the Architect

01 AGENDA FOR TODAY . . .

GIULIANO DA SANGALLO

- The Renaissance Architect

- The spread of the Renaissance

- The centralized church plan

- Santa Maria delle Carceri

- Villa Medici at Poggio a Caiano

- Plan for Saint Peter’s

- Discussion

02 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO

Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516

- Born in Florence, Italy

- Projects near Florence, , and Rome, Italy

03 LOCATIONS IN ITALY

Prato Florence

Rome

Map of Italy

04 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO

Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516

- Born in Florence, Italy

- Projects near Florence, Prato, and Rome, Italy

- Worked as a sculptor, architect, and military engineer

05 RENAISSANCE STUDENT

Filippo Brunelleschi

06 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO

Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516

- Born in Florence, Italy

- Projects near Florence, Prato, and Rome, Italy

- Worked as a sculptor, architect, and military engineer

- The Renaissance Architect

07 SANGALLO IN ROME

Ancient Roman Theater of Marcellus Ruins Crypta Balbi engraving - Sangallo’s drawing

08 THE CENTRALLY PLANNED CHURCH

Appeared during the High Renaissance

- Many centrally planned churches sprung up between 1480 & 1510

- Symbolized the perfection of god as well as nature; particularly those in the shape of a perfect circle

- Satisfied the Humanist mission to find links between nature and art

San Sebastiano, Alberti, 1460

09 RENAISSANCE HUMANISM

The humanist movement spread throughout Italy

- Upheld empirical observation and experience

- Humanist ideas stemmed from ancient manuscripts

- With the spread of humanist ideas came the spread of the Renaissance

- Ideas were not only circulated through Alberti, but also Antonio Averlino (Filarete) as well as Francesco di Giorgio Martini

Vitruvian Man by , 1485-1490

10 THE CENTRALLY PLANNED CITY

Ideal City of Sforzinda

- Designed and described by Filarete in his Treatise on Architecture

- The ideal city moves from painting to architectural drawings, but is still never built

- The layout is based on perfect geometries

Ideal City of Sforzinda 1462-1464, Filarete

11 THE CENTRALIZED HUMAN

Trattato di Architettura Ingegneria ed Arte Militare

- A lengthy discourse written by Francesco di Giorgio from 1476-1480

- Moves from the scale of the city, to the scale of the church, to scale of the human being

- Discourse refers to centralized churches and includes numerous plans for the layouts of centralized buildings

Image from Trattato di Architettura 1476-1480, Francesco di Giorgio

12 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485

13 PRATO, ITALY

01 Santa Maria delle Carceri

01

14 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485

Santa Maria Della Carceri by Sangallo Sant’ Andrea by Alberti

15 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485

16 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485

17 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485

18 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485

19 POGGIO A CAIANO, ITALY

01 Villa Medici at Poggio a Caiano

01

20 MEDICI FAMILY

Lorenzo de’ Medici 1449-1492

- A diplomat and politician

- Grandfather Cosimo de’ Medici combined running the Medici bank with politics

- Like the Ruccelai, the Medici were great patrons of the arts in Florence

Lorenzo de’ Medici

21 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485

22 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485

23 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485

24 ROME, ITALY

01 Saint Peter’s

01

25 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S

26 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S

Sangallo’s Plan Bramante’s Plan

27 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S

28 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO

Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516

Questions?

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