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Arch 242: Building History Ii ARCH 242: BUILDING HISTORY II Renaissance & Baroque: Rise & Evolution of the Architect 01 AGENDA FOR TODAY . GIULIANO DA SANGALLO - The Renaissance Architect - The spread of the Renaissance - The centralized church plan - Santa Maria delle Carceri - Villa Medici at Poggio a Caiano - Plan for Saint Peter’s - Discussion 02 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516 - Born in Florence, Italy - Projects near Florence, Prato, and Rome, Italy 03 LOCATIONS IN ITALY Prato Florence Rome Map of Italy 04 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516 - Born in Florence, Italy - Projects near Florence, Prato, and Rome, Italy - Worked as a sculptor, architect, and military engineer 05 RENAISSANCE STUDENT Filippo Brunelleschi Leon Battista Alberti 06 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516 - Born in Florence, Italy - Projects near Florence, Prato, and Rome, Italy - Worked as a sculptor, architect, and military engineer - The Renaissance Architect 07 SANGALLO IN ROME Ancient Roman Theater of Marcellus Ruins Crypta Balbi engraving - Sangallo’s drawing 08 THE CENTRALLY PLANNED CHURCH Appeared during the High Renaissance - Many centrally planned churches sprung up between 1480 & 1510 - Symbolized the perfection of god as well as nature; particularly those in the shape of a perfect circle - Satisfied the Humanist mission to find links between nature and art San Sebastiano, Alberti, 1460 09 RENAISSANCE HUMANISM The humanist movement spread throughout Italy - Upheld empirical observation and experience - Humanist ideas stemmed from ancient manuscripts - With the spread of humanist ideas came the spread of the Renaissance - Ideas were not only circulated through Alberti, but also Antonio Averlino (Filarete) as well as Francesco di Giorgio Martini Vitruvian Man by Leonardo Da Vinci, 1485-1490 10 THE CENTRALLY PLANNED CITY Ideal City of Sforzinda - Designed and described by Filarete in his Treatise on Architecture - The ideal city moves from painting to architectural drawings, but is still never built - The layout is based on perfect geometries Ideal City of Sforzinda 1462-1464, Filarete 11 THE CENTRALIZED HUMAN Trattato di Architettura Ingegneria ed Arte Militare - A lengthy discourse written by Francesco di Giorgio from 1476-1480 - Moves from the scale of the city, to the scale of the church, to scale of the human being - Discourse refers to centralized churches and includes numerous plans for the layouts of centralized buildings Image from Trattato di Architettura 1476-1480, Francesco di Giorgio 12 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485 13 PRATO, ITALY 01 Santa Maria delle Carceri 01 14 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485 Santa Maria Della Carceri by Sangallo Sant’ Andrea by Alberti 15 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485 16 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485 17 SANTA MARIA DELLE CARCERI, 1485 18 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485 19 POGGIO A CAIANO, ITALY 01 Villa Medici at Poggio a Caiano 01 20 MEDICI FAMILY Lorenzo de’ Medici 1449-1492 - A diplomat and politician - Grandfather Cosimo de’ Medici combined running the Medici bank with politics - Like the Ruccelai, the Medici were great patrons of the arts in Florence Lorenzo de’ Medici 21 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485 22 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485 23 VILLA MEDICI AT POGGIO A CAIANO, 1485 24 ROME, ITALY 01 Saint Peter’s 01 25 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S 26 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S Sangallo’s Plan Bramante’s Plan 27 PLAN OF SAINT PETER’S 28 GIULIANO DA SANGALLO Giuliano Da Sangallo, 1443-1516 Questions? 29.
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