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HASA TM Ad..5.0 X-460-70-299 PREPRIN, HASA TM Ad..5.0 SUPER-HIGH-FREQUENCY (SHF) COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ON ATS VOLUME 1: SYSTEM SUMMARY AUGUST 1970 ., SGODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER GREENBELT, MARYLAND (T RU) &_7N0--3-6(ACCE 0 U R) 5 77 (fU 40) R- (CODE) (NASAcRdRMXORtADNUMR)| (CATEGORY) X-460-70-299 SUPER-HIGH-FREQUENCY (SHF) COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ON ATS VOLUME 1: SYSTEM SUMMARY Prepared by: Westinghouse Electric Corporation and The ATS Project Office August 1970 GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Greenbelt, Maryland This report consists of two volumes. Volume 1, System Summary (X-460-70-299), contains section 1 only (section 2 was deleted). Volume 2, Data and Analysis (X-460-70-300), contains sections 3, (4 deleted), 5, 6, and 7. TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Page SHF SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ............................. 1.1 1. 1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERALL PERFORMANCE SUMMARY ........ 1,1 1. 2 MULTIPLE ACCESS MODE (SSB-FDMA/PhM) .................. 1.22 1. 2.1 Introduction .................................... 1. 22 1.2.2 Mode Description ............................... 1.25 1. 2.3 Summary of Performance ......................... 1. 30 1. 2.4 Frequency Stability .............................. 1.58 1.2.5 Level Stability ................................. 1.71 1. 2.6 Test Tone-to-Noise . ............................. 1. 74 1. 2.7 Noise Characteristics of the SSB/PhM Mode ............... 1. 82 1.2.8 Data Error Rate . ............................... 1.96 1.2.9 Multistation Performance ......................... 1.103 1. 3 FREQUENCY TRANSLATION MODE TELEVISION (FM/FM-TV) .... 1.115 1.3.1 Introduction .................................. 1.115 1.3.2 Mode Description ............................... 1.118 1.3.3 Summary of Performance ......................... 1.131 1.3.4 Video Channel Performance ........................ 1.140 1.3.5 Audio Channel Performance ........................ 1.156 1.3.6 Subjective Tests and Demonstrations .................... 1.161 4 FREQUENCY TRANSLATION MODE (FM/FM-FDM)-FDM MULTIPLEX . ..................................... 1.165 1.4.1 Introduction . ................................. 1.165 1.4.2 Mode Description ............................... 1.166 1.4.3 Summary of Performance ......................... 1.186 1.4.4 Test Tone-to-Noise Ratio ......................... 1.188 1.4.5 Noise Characteristics of the FM/FM-FDM Mode ........... 1.204 1.4.6 Multiplex Channel Frequency Stability ................. 1.215 1.4.7 Data Error Rate ................................ 1.219 '2 SHI COMMUNICATIONS EXPERIMENT LINK CALCULATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION - DELETED iii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1.1 ATS SSB-FDMA/PhM Mode SHF System Configuration . ......... 1.42 1.2 Earth Station Antenna (85 Foot) Patterns ......................... 1.43 1.3 Earth Station Antenna (40 Foot) Patterns ........................ 1.44 1.4 ATS-1 Transmit Antenna Pattern, Aspect Angle 85 Degrees ...... ... 1.45 1.5 ATS-3 Transmit Antenna Pattern, Aspect Angle 84 Degrees ...... ... 1.46 1.6 ATS-3 Receive Antenna Pattern, Aspect Angle 84 Degrees ....... 1.47 1.7 Typical Baseband Amplitude Versus Frequency, ATS-1, SSB-FDMA/ PhM Mode ..... ..................................... 1.48 1.8 RF Test Loop for the SSB-FDMA/PhM Mode ..................... 1.49 1.9 Primary (Closed) Loop AFC Configuration ........................ 1.50 1.10 Open Loop AFC Configuration (Error Correction Loop) ............ 1.51 1.11 AFC and Error Correction Loops ............................ 1.52 1.12 Frequency and Modulation Plan (1200 Channels) .................... 1.53 1.13 Frequency and Modulation Plan (240 Channels) .................. 1.54 1.14 Typical Multiplex Channel Amplitude Versus Frequency ..... .... .. 1.55 1.15 Typical Multiplex Channel Audio Envelope Delay ................... 1.56 1.16 Typical Multiplex Channel Linearity ........................... 1.57 1.17 SSB-FDMA/PhM Mode Frequency Characteristics ................ 1.68 1.18 Typical Representation of Multiplex Channel Short-Term Frequency Stability Components ....................................... 1.69 1.19 One-Sided Response Characteristics of the Error Cancellation Circuits.. 1.70 1.20 Simplified Block Diagram of ALC System ......................... 1.73 1.21 FDM Channel Thermal TT/R Ratios (MA Mode) ................... 1.79 1.22 System Test Tone-to-Intermodulation Noise (TT/I) (85' Antenna) ....... 1.80 1. 23 System Test Tone-to-Intermoduilation Noise (TT/I (40' Antenna) ........ 1. 81 1.24 Two Tone Test (Rosman, MA Mode, ATS-3) ..................... 1. 90 1.25 Two Station, Two Tone Test, Rosman Receiving Earth Station (ATS-3, EIRP = 54.6 dbm) .............................. 1.91 1.26 Typical Intermodulation Noise Power Ratio for Second and Third Order Noise Spectra (MA Mode, 1200 Channel, ATS-3) ................... 1.92 1.27 Baseband Noise Spectrum CiN = 20 db .......................... 1.93 1.28 Baseband Noise Spectrum C/N = 12 db ......................... 1.94 1.29 Baseband Noise Spectrum C/N = 8 db ........................... 1.95 1.30 FSK Data Channel Amplitude Spectrum ...................... 1.101 1.31 Data Error Rate Versus Energy Contrast (Cooby Creek, ATS-1) ...... 1,102 1.32 Multiplex Channel TT/N Ratio Versus Baseband Frequency, for C/N Ratio Between 7.4 db and 9.1 db (ATS-1) ....................... 1.108 iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (Continued) Figure Page 1.33 Multiplex Channel TT/N Ratio Versus Baseband Frequency, For C/N Ratio Between 11.8'dB and 14.3 dB (ATS-1) .................... 1.109 1.34 Multiplex Channel TT/N Ratio Versus Baseband Frequency For a C/N Ratio of 20.7 dB (ATS-3) ................................ 1.110 1.35 Earth Station C/N Ratio Variation Vs ATS-1 Antenna Beam Position .... 1.111 1.36 Medium Station NPR Versus Baseband Frequency as a Function of C/N Ratio ........................................... 1.112 1.37 Effects of Medium Station Overdeviation at Low Baseband Frequencies . 1.113 1.38 Effects of Medium Station Overdeviation at High Baseband Frequencies.. 1.114 1.39 Block Diagram, ATS FM/FM-TV Mode ....................... 1.120 1.40 Block Diagram, TV Baseband Signal Processing Equipment .......... 1.121 1.41 Video Performance of Several Satellite Systems .................... 1.136 1.42 Baseband Frequency Response, ATS FM/FM-TV Mode .............. 1.137 1.43 Baseband Envelope Delay, ATS FM/FM-TV Mode .................. 1.138 1.44 TV Audio Channel, Typical Frequency Response -with 15.75-k-z Notch Filter ......................................... 1.139 1.45 Video Channel Short-Time Linear Waveform Distortion (T-Pulse) ...... 1.151 1.46 Video Channel Line-Time Linear Waveform Distortion .............. 1.152 1.47 Video Channel Field-Time Linear Waveform Distortion .............. 1. 153 1.48 Video Channel Line-Time Non-Linearity Distortion ............... 1.154 1.49 Video Channel Color Vector Phase and Amplitude Variations ........... 1.155 1.50 Prime Minister Sato's Visit to Australia, October 12, 1967 (ATS-1) .... 1.163 1.51 Pope's Visit to Colombia, 24 August 1968 ..................... 1.164 1.52 Test for Apollo 9 Recovery, March 1969 ...................... 1.164 1.53 ATS FM/FM-FDM Mode Block Diagram ...................... 1.179 1.54 - RF Loop Block Diagram (FM/FM-FDM Mode) .................. 1.180 1.55 Frequency and Modulation Plan (1200 Channels).................. 1.181 1.56 Frequency and Modulation Plan (240 Channels) .................. 1.182 1.57 Typical Multiplex Channel Frequency Response ................. 1. 183 1.58 Typical Multiplex Channel Audio Envelope Delay ................. 1.184 1.59 Typical Multiplex Channel Linearity .......................... 1. 185 1.60 FDM Channel Mean Idle TT/N (240 Channels, 1296 kHz) vs S/C EIRP . 1.199 1.61 FDM Channel Mean Idle TT/N (240 Channels, 328 kHz) vs S/C EIRP ... 1.120 1.62 FDM Channel MeanIdle TT/N(1200 Channels, 5560 kflz) vs S/C EIRP... 1.201 1.63 FDM Channel Mean Idle TT/N (1200 Channels, 328 kHz) vs S/C EIRP... 1.202 1.64 Comparison of Pre/De-Emphasis in the FM/FM-FDM Mode (ATS-3, 1200 Channel Loading) .................................. 1.203 1.65 Idle Noise Spectrum for Various C/N Ratios (FT Mode) .............. 1.209 V LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (Continued) Figure Page 1.66 Loaded Noise ,Spectrum for Various CiN Ratios (FT Mode) ............ 1.210 1.67 Intermodulation Noise Spectrum (FT Mode, Rosman, 1200 Channels) . 1.211 1.68 Effect of De-Emphasis on Idle Noise Spectrum .................. 1.212 1.69 Single Tone Intermodulation Test Results (Rosman, FT Mode) ........ 1.213 1.70 Two Tone Intermodulation Test Results (Rosman, FT Mode) ........... 1.214 1.71 Differential Doppler of an FM/FM Signal ...................... 1.218 vi LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1.1 ATS Spacecraft (S/C) .t.................................. 1.6 1. 2 ATSEarth Station Systems ................................ 1.8 1.3 Multiplex Channel Test Tone-to-Noise Ratios Multiple Access (SSB-FDMA/PhM) Mode, Single Station Operation .................. 1.10 1.4 Multiplex Channel Test Tone-to-Noise Ratios Frequency Translation (FM/FM) Mode, Without Pre/De-Emphasis .................... 1.11 1.5 Multiplex Channel Test Tone-to-Noise Ratios Frequency Translation (FM/FM) Mode, With Pre/De-Emphasis ...................... 1.12 1.6 Television Video and Audio Signal-to-Noise Ratios Frequency Translation (FM/FM) Mode ............................... 1.13 1.7 Multiplex Channel Noise Power Ratio ........................ 1.14 1.8 Multiplex Channel Test Tone-to-Noise Ratio, Multiple Access (SSB-FDM /PhM) Mode, Multistation Operation .................... 1.17 1.9 Frequency Division Multiplex Channel
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