Goldfinger (Analyse) Réal La Rochelle

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Goldfinger (Analyse) Réal La Rochelle Document généré le 29 sept. 2021 00:22 Séquences La revue de cinéma Goldfinger (analyse) Réal La Rochelle Le cinéma imaginaire II Numéro 55, décembre 1968 URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/51628ac Aller au sommaire du numéro Éditeur(s) La revue Séquences Inc. ISSN 0037-2412 (imprimé) 1923-5100 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article La Rochelle, R. (1968). Goldfinger (analyse). Séquences, (55), 31–35. Tous droits réservés © La revue Séquences Inc., 1968 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. https://www.erudit.org/fr/ GOLDFINGER DÉCEMBRE 1968 31 ^r. aLJOcumentatio 1. Générique minant un style de fabrication auquel Guy Hamilton a dû se plier. Anglais 1964 — Technicolor — Prod. : Harry Saltzman et Albert R. Broccoli — 3. Le scénario Real. : Guy Hamilton —• Seen. : Richard Maibaum et Paul Dehn, d'après lan Fle­ Après le sigle de la production, un ming — Phot. : Ted Moore — Mus. : pré-générique montre James Bond fai­ John Barry — Decors : Ken Adams •— sant sauter un complexe industriel, Effets spéciaux : John Steers — Généri­ puis, parfait gentleman, il électrocute que : Robert Brownjohn — Mont. : Peter un tueur dans la chambre d'une fille : Hunt •—• Int.: Sean Connery (James "shocking" ! murmure-t-il. Bond), Gert Frôbe (Auric Goldfinger), Le générique, en splendides formes Honor Blackman (Pussy Galore), Shirley erotiques en or, déploie quelques scè­ Eaton (Jill Masterson), Tania Mallet (Tilly nes des aventures de Bond ; puis, nous Masterson), Harold Sakata (Oddjob), entrons dans le vif du sujet. Bernard Lee ("M"), Martin Benson (So­ A Miami Beach, James Bond lève lo), Cec Linder (Felix Leiter), Austin un escroc et un assassin, Auric Gold­ Willis (Simmons), Lois Maxwell (Miss finger, qui apparaît, dans une subsé­ Moneypenny) — Dist. : United Artists. quente conversation aux quartiers de l'espionnage, à Londres, comme un 2. Les auteurs bandit de premier ordre, grand ban­ quier de lingots d'or. Mis à sa poursui­ Guy Hamilton a signé la mise en te avec les meilleurs gadgets policiers scène de Goldfinger ; auteur du quelque au monde, Bond relance Goldfinger en peu connu Devil's Disciple, ce réalisa­ Suisse, où il déniche ses quartiers gé­ teur n'est pas cependant le seul auteur néraux. du film. Car tout film James Bond est Pris au piège après de rebondissan­ redevable de plusieurs paternités : c'est, tes chevauchées en Ashton-Martin, d'abord et avant tout, le créateur du Bond est expédié au repaire de Gold­ personnage et du style, lan Fleming ; finger à Baltimore, conduit par une c'est aussi, dans une bonne mesure, le ravissante pilote, Pussy Galore. Un scénariste Richard Maibaum et, pour plan diabolique est en marche : Gold­ une très large part, les producteurs as­ finger, ayant obtenu une bombe ato­ tucieux : Harry Saltzman, canadien, o- mique de la Chine Rouge, il compte la riginaire de Sherbrooke, et son collègue faire sauter à Fort Knox, réserve amé­ américain Albert R. Broccoli ; c'est, en­ ricaine d'or, rendre les lingots radio­ fin, le réalisateur Terence Young, qui actifs pendant 58 ans, et faire décupler a dirigé les deux premiers Bond, Dr ainsi le prix de l'or de ses propres No et From Russia with Love, déter­ banques. 32 SÉQUENCES 55 Bond, prisonnier, sera le témoin Washington, et fait échouer le plan. impuissant de ce tour de force, au dire Dans une dernière et courte séquen­ du sadique Goldfinger. Cependant, la ce, Bond débarrasse enfin la terre de crapule ne comptait pas que les char­ Goldfinger et termine ce chapitre de mes de Bond "réveilleraient l'instinct ses aventures dans les bras de Pussy maternel" de Pussy Galore, qui alerte Galore. 1. Le cas James Bond film James Bond ne sont que les ser­ viteurs-robots d'un prototype à exécu­ Analyser le film Goldfinger, c'est ter, d'une série à améliorer sans cesse. dépouiller en fait le contenu James Il est intéressant, dans cette optique; Bond, mythe substantiel d'un ciné-ro­ de voir d'un peu plus près dans quel man en plusieurs tranches, intermi­ esprit s'organise le travail de fabricaJ nable à priori, c'est-à-dire tant que le tion d'un James Bond. Richard Mai­ besoin public n'en affaiblira pas la baum, principal scénariste des trois consommation. premiers Bond, fait les commentaires Nous sommes loin, ici, d'un film suivants : "Dans les James Bond, la considéré comme un tout Goldfinger, lutte pour le pouvoir est donc une" est plutôt le sommet, en 1964, d'un course à mort entre des hommes qui complexe production - consommation utilisent tous de merveilleuses machi­ dont l'aliment principal est le plat nes, dernières nées du progrès techni­ James Bond, tel qu'en lui-même il que, et l'on peut attribuer une part im­ s'est logiquement apprêté au cours des portante du succès de ces aventures à productions antérieures de Dr No et l'image qu'elles donnent des aspects a- de From Russia with Love, tel qu'il se hurissants de la vie contemporaine." prolongera dans Thunderball et dans "Quelquefois, je me dis que j'ex­ You Only Live Twice. ploite simplement une machinerie po­ On a déjà beaucoup écrit sur la pulaire teintée de sexualité et de sa­ socio-mythologie de James Bond, sur disme, C'est peut-être vrai. Mais je ses caractéristiques Playboy et sa di­ dois avouer que je m'amuse autant en mension en 3S : sexualité, sadisme, le faisant que le public semble s'amu­ snobisme ; sur les tendances néo-facis- ser en voyant les films." (in Ecrans tes d'une violence organisée, moindre de France, no 357, 5 janvier 1966, Mal contre "Le Mal", enfin sur la P. 12) dimension contemporaine et techno­ logique de sa symbolique. Cela montre 2. Goldfinger ou l'or bien jusqu'à quel point un film James Bond n'est en somme qu'un gadget épidermique toujours nouveau et plus brillant d'un marché de l'imaginaire. A cet égard, Ce troisième film de la série Bond réalisateurs, acteurs et techniciens d'un utilise à l'excès, voire presque génia- DÉCEMBRE 1968 33 lement, les pouvoirs de séduction de Sophistication, d'abord, par les l'épiderme cinématographique. En ef­ goûts, les manières, les modes vesti­ fet, l'agent 007 ayant à lutter contre mentaires de James Bond, dont l'hu­ le diabolique Auric Goldfinger, né­ mour et le cynisme sont l'assaisonne­ vrosé de l'or pur, les techniciens du ment habituel. Dandy amoral, ce 007, film se sont attachés à faire voir par­ remarquable machine cybernétique, tra­ tout, littéralement, les miroitements de verse l'univers "in" contemporain de cet or désiré. façon souriante et glaciale, ironique et La photographie, en particulier, blasée, dernier des chevaliers, mais s'ingénie à donner aux décors et aux complètement rhabillé à l'âge des puis­ personnages cette lumière artificielle sances par ordinateurs. dorée dont la valeur n'est que plus expressive, bien que facile. Goldfinger Ecoutons les commentaires de Made­ aux cheveux blonds, la peinture d'or leine Chapsal : "Le monde mécanisé qui sert à asphyxier le corps de Jill de demain nous fait peur, face à lui Masterson, l'enchantement des lingots nous nous sentons faibles. James de Fort Knox sont, enfin, les éléments Bond, rêvé par lan Fleming, est un culminants de cette prise de posses­ défi lancé à cette peur et à cette fai­ sion des yeux par ce qui brille. blesse. Indomptable, violent, passionné Il y a beau jeu alors de déceler cette et cruel, Bond vit des machines, par les symbolique commerciale du film : machines et avec les machines. Il est voilà l'étalage reluisant et captateur leur fils et d'ailleurs, il leur ressemble, d'un produit dont la valeur est avan* car il est sans âme." (in L'Express, 12 tout épidermique, puisque le revête­ octobre 1964, p. 62.) ment l'emporte sur le matériau, la dé­ coration sur l'essentiel, le chatoiement Le gadget, dans les James Bond, est sur le nécessaire. l'outil adéquat de cette nouvelle voca­ Par-delà les aventures particulières tion planétaire. Que ce soient voitures, de James Bond, les gadgets époustou- radars, fusées, scaphandres, écouteurs, flants qui servent à sa violence et à les gadgets de 007 le relient, par la sa lutte contre l'ennemi, il apparaît vitesse et la précision, à tous les détails que Goldfinger est un sommet de la d'un univers menaçant devenu occul­ série des 007, dans la mesure où ce te, dont les politiques et les diploma­ film impose l'esthétique baroque de ties sont autant de perversions et de toute l'oeuvre : enduit lumineux, bril­ machiavélismes. Le gadget, dans les lance d'un univers dont tous les ges­ Bond, n'est plus seulement l'arme issue tes (erotiques, sadiques, humoriste de l'univers de l'espionnage ; il s'est ques) ne sont vrais que dans la me­ transformé, dans le monde nouveau, sure où ils reluisent, sincères lorsqu'ils en instrument de communication (ami­ étonnent et émerveillent. cal ou destructeur ), montrant cette loi essentielle de notre modernité : être 3. Sophistication et gadget : relié à . le style Bond Le style Bond devient donc une ma­ Ainsi est né, de cette esthétique et nière d'être en corrélation avec les pou­ de cette morale sous-jacente, le style voirs les plus puissants de la terre, soit Bond, dont la sophistication et le pour les assurer davantage, soit pour gadget sont les coordonnées.
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