View and Stated That This Imagery Might Us a Date from Which to Work Backwards
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Roman-Barbarian Marriages in the Late Empire R.C
ROMAN-BARBARIAN MARRIAGES IN THE LATE EMPIRE R.C. Blockley In 1964 Rosario Soraci published a study of conubia between Romans and Germans from the fourth to the sixth century A.D.1 Although the title of the work might suggest that its concern was to be with such marriages through- out the period, in fact its aim was much more restricted. Beginning with a law issued by Valentinian I in 370 or 373 to the magister equitum Theodosius (C.Th. 3.14.1), which banned on pain of death all marriages between Roman pro- vincials and barbarae or gentiles, Soraci, after assessing the context and intent of the law, proceeded to discuss its influence upon the practices of the Germanic kingdoms which succeeded the Roman Empire in the West. The text of the law reads: Nulli provineialium, cuiuscumque ordinis aut loci fuerit, cum bar- bara sit uxore coniugium, nec ulli gentilium provinciales femina copuletur. Quod si quae inter provinciales atque gentiles adfinitates ex huiusmodi nuptiis extiterit, quod in his suspectum vel noxium detegitur, capitaliter expietur. This was regarded by Soraci not as a general banning law but rather as a lim- ited attempt, in the context of current hostilities with the Alamanni, to keep those barbarians serving the Empire (gentiles)isolated from the general Roman 2 populace. The German lawmakers, however, exemplified by Alaric in his 63 64 interpretatio,3 took it as a general banning law and applied it in this spir- it, so that it became the basis for the prohibition under the Germanic king- doms of intermarriage between Romans and Germans. -
En Penmngkunde
JAARBOEK VOOR Munt- en Penmngkunde 52/53 1965/ 1966 KONINKIIJK NEDERLANDS GENOOTSCHAP VOOR MUNT- EN PENNINGKUNDE AMSTERDAM Commissie van redactie: Dr. H. Enno van Gelder, Voorburg Drs. G. van der Meer, 's-Gravenhage Alle correspondentie betreffende redactie en administratie te richten aan het Secretariaat: Zeestraat 71b, 's-Gravenhage. 52 MUNTVONDSTEN HerkenWh 1965 - Bij het aanleggen van aspergebedden op een stuk grond enkele kilometers buiten Herkenbosch (L.) aan de weg naar Roermond zijn in 1965 in een bouwvoor 22 koperen Romeinse munten gevonden1. Later is er nog een bijgekomen, zodat het totale aantal thans 23 bedraagt. Er zijn geen resten aangetroffen van een potje of ander omhulsel waarin de munten kunnen hebben gezeten. Aangezien er echter ook geen verdere sporen uit de Romeinse tijd zijn gevonden mag toch met zekerheid worden aangenomen dat het hier een gesloten vondst betreft van munten die tesamen en tegelijkertijd verborgen zijn De schat- vondst heeft de volgende samenstelling: Trier 330-335 kz. GLORIA EXERCITVS twijg Constantinus I aes III, portret Constantinus II, HK 81-2 mei-augustus 350 kz. GLORIA ROMANORVM TÏÏPU Magnentius aes II, CK55, Bastien 32 H^ Magnentius aes II, CK55, Bastien 33 351-augustus 352 kz. VICTORIAE DD NN AVG ET CAES Ti? Decentius aes II, cf. CK 59, Bastien 65 TRP? Magnentius of Decentius aes II, cf. CK 58 of 59, cf. Bastien 64 e.v. Trier? Magnentius aes II, cf. CK 58, cf. Bastien 64 e.v. begin-10 augustus 353 kz. SALVS DD NN AVG ET CAES Tl? Magnentius aes I, CK 62, Bastien 84 TÏÏF Magnentius aes I, CK 62, Bastien 88 (2 ex.) HERKENBOSCH 53 TRP Magnentius (Decentius?) aes I, CK 62 (63?), Bastien 88 (89?) TRP Decentius aes I,CK 63, Bastien 89 TRP of TiF. -
Cemetery Info by Death
Birth Death Sister Former Last Name Month Day Year Month Day Year SEC Row NO Claudia Pehura January 1 1881 B1 19 2 Clara Seiter August 17 1837 April 24 1881 B1 20 1 Maria Spitznagel January 31 1882 B1 15 1 Borgia Muelhaupt July 12 1882 B1 19 1 Constantia Stocker June 1 1882 B2 3 4 Ursula Kremer November 1 1882 B1 18 3 Dominica Braxmeier November 1 1883 B1 24 3 Theodora Unknown October 1 1883 B1 24 2 Armella Schuehle March 3 1884 B1 18 2 Catherina Schuele March 11 1884 B1 21 1 Adelheid Riesterer May 3 1886 B1 23 3 Albertina (Ms) (Train wreck) Schmitt October 28 1886 B1 17 4 Dionysia (Train wreck) Schwab October 28 1886 B1 16 3 Juliana Unknown 1885 January 1 1888 B1 23 2 Constantia Foehrenbach June 30 1888 B1 21 2 Veronica Eberle August 16 1890 B1 20 2 Dorothea Dresel April 4 1891 B1 20 3 Eugenia Kalt April 25 1891 B1 16 8 Susanna Gersbach August 14 1891 B1 16 9 Constantia Schildgen December 11 1892 B1 16 10 Fridolina Hoefler April 23 1893 B1 15 3 (d) Agatha Bisch (on stone 1894 May 10 1893 B1 15 5 Dionysia Schermann March 28 1894 B1 15 4 Clara On stone Renz April 4 1985 April 3 1895 B1 15 6 Frumentia Dudinger July 24 1895 B2 4 1 Thomasine Hickey June 2 1895 B1 14 7 Natalia Breitweiser April 24 1896 B2 4 4 Lydia Kuehle August 6 1896 B2 3 3 Anna Weis August 14 1896 B2 4 3 Josephina Maloney May 10 1896 B2 3 2 Helena Williams August 14 1897 B1 14 10 Maria Pehura July 20 1897 B1 14 8 Leocadia Jagemann March 26 1898 B2 2 1 Nicodema Lomele March 25 1899 B2 2 2 Adela Mayer April 7 1900 B2 2 3 Scholastica Philipp August 27 1900 B2 1 3 Nepomucka -
The Cambridge Companion to Age of Constantine.Pdf
The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine offers students a com- prehensive one-volume introduction to this pivotal emperor and his times. Richly illustrated and designed as a readable survey accessible to all audiences, it also achieves a level of scholarly sophistication and a freshness of interpretation that will be welcomed by the experts. The volume is divided into five sections that examine political history, reli- gion, social and economic history, art, and foreign relations during the reign of Constantine, a ruler who gains in importance because he steered the Roman Empire on a course parallel with his own personal develop- ment. Each chapter examines the intimate interplay between emperor and empire and between a powerful personality and his world. Collec- tively, the chapters show how both were mutually affected in ways that shaped the world of late antiquity and even affect our own world today. Noel Lenski is Associate Professor of Classics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. A specialist in the history of late antiquity, he is the author of numerous articles on military, political, cultural, and social history and the monograph Failure of Empire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century ad. Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S Edited by Noel Lenski University of Colorado Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo Cambridge University Press 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521818384 c Cambridge University Press 2006 This publication is in copyright. -
Collector's Checklist for Roman Imperial Coinage
Liberty Coin Service Collector’s Checklist for Roman Imperial Coinage (49 BC - AD 518) The Twelve Caesars - The Julio-Claudians and the Flavians (49 BC - AD 96) Purchase Emperor Denomination Grade Date Price Julius Caesar (49-44 BC) Augustus (31 BC-AD 14) Tiberius (AD 14 - AD 37) Caligula (AD 37 - AD 41) Claudius (AD 41 - AD 54) Tiberius Nero (AD 54 - AD 68) Galba (AD 68 - AD 69) Otho (AD 69) Nero Vitellius (AD 69) Vespasian (AD 69 - AD 79) Otho Titus (AD 79 - AD 81) Domitian (AD 81 - AD 96) The Nerva-Antonine Dynasty (AD 96 - AD 192) Nerva (AD 96-AD 98) Trajan (AD 98-AD 117) Hadrian (AD 117 - AD 138) Antoninus Pius (AD 138 - AD 161) Marcus Aurelius (AD 161 - AD 180) Hadrian Lucius Verus (AD 161 - AD 169) Commodus (AD 177 - AD 192) Marcus Aurelius Years of Transition (AD 193 - AD 195) Pertinax (AD 193) Didius Julianus (AD 193) Pescennius Niger (AD 193) Clodius Albinus (AD 193- AD 195) The Severans (AD 193 - AD 235) Clodius Albinus Septimus Severus (AD 193 - AD 211) Caracalla (AD 198 - AD 217) Purchase Emperor Denomination Grade Date Price Geta (AD 209 - AD 212) Macrinus (AD 217 - AD 218) Diadumedian as Caesar (AD 217 - AD 218) Elagabalus (AD 218 - AD 222) Severus Alexander (AD 222 - AD 235) Severus The Military Emperors (AD 235 - AD 284) Alexander Maximinus (AD 235 - AD 238) Maximus Caesar (AD 235 - AD 238) Balbinus (AD 238) Maximinus Pupienus (AD 238) Gordian I (AD 238) Gordian II (AD 238) Gordian III (AD 238 - AD 244) Philip I (AD 244 - AD 249) Philip II (AD 247 - AD 249) Gordian III Trajan Decius (AD 249 - AD 251) Herennius Etruscus -
Calendar of Roman Events
Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th. -
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi Di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) During the Fourth Century AD
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. by Maria Gabriella Bruni A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classical Archaeology in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Committee in Charge Professor Christopher H. Hallett, Chair Professor Ronald S. Stroud Professor Anthony W. Bulloch Professor Carlos F. Noreña Fall 2009 The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. Copyright 2009 Maria Gabriella Bruni Dedication To my parents, Ken and my children. i AKNOWLEDGMENTS I am extremely grateful to my advisor Professor Christopher H. Hallett and to the other members of my dissertation committee. Their excellent guidance and encouragement during the major developments of this dissertation, and the whole course of my graduate studies, were crucial and precious. I am also thankful to the Superintendence of the Archaeological Treasures of Reggio Calabria for granting me access to the site of the Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and its archaeological archives. A heartfelt thank you to the Superintendent of Locri Claudio Sabbione and to Eleonora Grillo who have introduced me to the villa and guided me through its marvelous structures. Lastly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my husband Ken, my sister Sonia, Michael Maldonado, my children, my family and friends. Their love and support were essential during my graduate -
Could a Heretic Be a Beautiful Woman in Socrates of Constantinople's and Sozomenus's Eyes?
REVIEW OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES 2017, VOL. XVI, NO. 3 http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857X.16.03.08 MINOR WORKS AND MATERIALS Sławomir BralewSki UniverSity of lodz* Could a heretic be a beautiful woman in Socrates of Constantinople’s and Sozomenus’s eyes? their Historia Ecclesiastica Socrates of Constantinople and Hermias Sozomenus mention women of various mar- In ital and social status. We know some of their names, oth- ers are anonymous and we can only learn that they were wives, daughters, widows or virgins. Either way, they appear in the back- ground of the historians’ narrations about the history of the Church as well as records of political events. Of all women, both Socrates and Sozomenus devoted most attention to empresses. Among them there was an exceptionally beautiful woman: Empress Justina, the wife of Valentinian I, who was, however, a follower of Arianism, so in Socrates’s and Sozomenus’s eyes she was a heretic; but can a heretic be beautiful? How was Justina presented by the afore- mentioned church historians? Did Socrates and Sozomenus, who, to a big extent, based his Historia Ecclesiastica on the Socrates’s work1, really perceive that empress similarly. Did he intentionally * The Faculty of Philosophy and History, The Institute of History, The Depart- ment of Byzantine History / Wydział Filozoficzno-Historyczny, Instytut Historii, Katedra Historii Bizancjum, e-mail: [email protected]. 1 The relation between Sozomenus’s and Socrates’s texts has been pointed out several times. See G.C. H a n s e n, Einleintung, [in:] Sozomenus, Kirchengeschichte, eds I. -
CHURCH HISTORY LITERACY Lesson 24 St
CHURCH HISTORY LITERACY Lesson 24 St. Ambrose Takes His Stand Before we leave the 300’s, we need to spend some time discussing St. Ambrose, the Bishop of Milan.1 Ambrose fits into the time period of our last class, active both before and after the Council of Constantinople, which finally placed Arianism2 into the category of heresy. Ambrose famously took stands based on his faith that could easily have cost him his position, if not his life. I have asked Edward to: (i) discuss Ambrose, (ii) discuss these key life events, and (iii) use some personal examples from his life along with scripture in order to put a contemporary understanding of lessons we might learn and inspirations we might find from our examination of St. Ambrose. BACKGROUND Ambrose was born around 3393 in Treves (modern Trier, Germany). He lived about 58 years, dying April 4, 397. His family was of Roman nobility, his father being “Praetorian Prefect” of the Gauls, a high position of authority. Ambrose had one brother and one sister. While Ambrose was still a young boy, his father died. Ambrose and his siblings were then brought to Rome. In Rome, Ambrose received an excellent education in both law and the broader liberal arts. Latin was the common language for Ambrose, but he was also well trained in Greek both at home and at school. There is some indication that Ambrose’s family was originally of Greek origin. 1 More so than normal, in preparation of this lesson, I am indebted to the New Catholic Encyclopedia, Second Edition. -
Book IV. Title LVIII.1 Concerning Actions Given by Edicts of The
Book IV. Title LVIII.1 Concerning actions given by edicts of the aediles. (De aediliciis actionibus.) Headnote. Warranties in sales. 1. For warranty against eviction , see C. 8.44.8 note. And there was an ancient action for deficiency in acreage. Paul 2. 17. 4. Aside from that, the rule of caveat emptor applied in classical law, and there was no regress as to secret defects, except: (1) when there was an express warranty; (2) if the vendor was guilty of fraud, resulting in damage. Failure to disclose material defects, known to the vendor, or knowingly to keep the vendee in an error, as to quantity, quality or condition (including burdens), early gave rise to an action on the contract. Cic., De off. 3.58-60; D. 4.3.37), and, in later law, (instead of that action), in an action on the contract (ex empto). Paul 2.17.6; Vat. 13. 2. A markedly different rule was made by the aedile, market supervisor, under edicts issued by him, as to property sold in the public market, and at first applied as to slaves. He required certain defects to be disclosed, and a stipulation warranting against them (and against eviction) to be given, and gave actions for a limited time, designed to enforce the giving of the stipulation. D. 21.1.28. Later all corporeal defects of animals sold in the public market, not minor in character, were required to be disclosed. D. 21.1.38 pr. Furthermore, the aedile came to imply a warranty against such defects, and gave an action for rescission (redhibitio) for 6 months, and an action for the difference in value and price (quanti minoris) in 12 months, if such defects appeared in the meantime. -
|Xhskbtfy336467zv*:+:!:+:! Jacket Design: Linda Roppolo | Cover Image: Tomb of the Scipios and Other Inscriptions from the Via Appia, 4 Rome
EDITED BY Bruun Christer Bruun is Professor of Classics CHRISTER The study of inscriptions, i.e., epigraphy, at the University of Toronto. Edmondson is critical for anyone seeking to under- stand the Roman world, whether they are Jonathan Edmondson is Professor of BRUUN studying history, archaeology, literature, History at York University. JONATHAN religion, or are working in a field that intersects with the Roman world from The Oxford Handbook The Oxford Handbooks series is a major The Oxford Handbook of ROMAN EPIGRAPHY c. 500 BCE to 500 CE and beyond. The new initiative in academic publishing. EDMONDSON Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy Each volume offers an authoritative and is the most comprehensive collection of state-of-the-art survey of current thinking ROMAN EPIGRAPHY scholarship available on the study and and research in a particular subject history of Roman epigraphy. A major goal area. Specially commissioned essays • Offers a guide to how to read and study inscriptions, of this volume is to show why inscrip- from leading international figures in the rather than just a simple reproduction of them tions matter, as well as to demonstrate discipline give critical examination of the to students and scholars how to utilize progress and direction of debates. Oxford • Includes over 150 detailed drawings epigraphic sources in their research. Handbooks provide scholars and graduate and black and white photographs Thus, rather than comprise simply a students with compelling new perspec- collection of inscriptions, the thirty- tives upon a wide range of subjects in the Contributors five chapters in this volume, written by humanities and social sciences. -
A Numismatic Iconographical Study of Julian the Apostate
A Revolutionary or a Man of his Time? A Numismatic Iconographical Study of Julian the Apostate Master’s Thesis in Classical Archaeology and Ancient History, Spring 2018 Department of Archaeology and Ancient History Lund University Author: Nicolas Frendin Supervisor: Henrik Gerding 2 Abstract Julian the Apostate’s short rule has left in the historical records a clearly divisive picture. This thesis starts with that divisive nature of the reign of Rome’s last pagan emperor and aims to analyse some of the Apostate’s coinage iconography. Can the symbols used on the coins minted during his reign say something about his allegedly revolutionary rule? By choosing to focus on a set of ten symbols found of Julian’s coins, this thesis was subsequently divided in a three-phased analysis in order to approach the subject. Julian’s coin iconography was first analysed in comparison to the totality of the Roman Emperors, stretching back to Octavian/Augustus. The second step was to put Julian’s rule within its own context and compare his coinage iconography to that of his predecessors in his own family, the second Flavian dynasty. The last step was to observe the changes during Julian’s two periods of time in power: being first a Caesar – subordinate to his cousin Constantius II – and later on the sole ruler/Augustus. Julian’s iconography was also compared to Constantius’. The results tend to show that most of Julian’s coin iconography could be characterised as conventional. The true departures can be divided into either obvious or surprising ones. 3 Contents