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Becle, S.A.B. De C.V
[Translation for informational purposes only] ANNUAL REPORT FILED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO ISSUERS OF SECURITIES AND TO OTHER PARTICIPANTS IN THE SECURITIES MARKET, FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2018. BECLE, S.A.B. DE C.V. Guillermo González Camarena No.800-4, Col. Zedec Santa Fe, C.P. 01210, Mexico City, Mexico “CUERVO” Securities Representing the Capital Stock of the Issuer Characteristics Market in which they are registered Single Series Shares of Common Stock Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. The securities of the issuer referred to above are registered in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores). Registration in the National Securities Registry (Registro Nacional de Valores) does not certify the soundness of the securities or the solvency of the issuer, or the accuracy or veracity of the information contained in the prospectus, and it does not validate the actions that, as applicable, have been performed in contravention of applicable law. [Translation for informational purposes only] TABLE OF CONTENTS 1) Overview 4 A) GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 4 B) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 C) RISK FACTORS 22 D) OTHER SECURITIES 42 E) MATERIAL CHANGES TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NATIONAL SECURITIES REGISTRY 43 F) PUBLIC DOCUMENTS 44 2) THE COMPANY 45 A) HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY 45 B) BUSINESS DESCRIPTION 49 i) Main Activity 49 ii) Distribution Channels 61 iii) Patents, licenses, brands and other agreements 63 iv) Main customers 64 v) Applicable law -
Liberation of Foreign Investment Policies in Mexico: Legal Changes Encouraging New Direct Foreign Investment
Volume 21 Issue 2 Spring 1991 Spring 1991 Liberation of Foreign Investment Policies in Mexico: Legal Changes Encouraging New Direct Foreign Investment Charles T. DuMars University of New Mexico - Main Campus Recommended Citation Charles T. DuMars, Liberation of Foreign Investment Policies in Mexico: Legal Changes Encouraging New Direct Foreign Investment, 21 N.M. L. Rev. 251 (1991). Available at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmlr/vol21/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The University of New Mexico School of Law. For more information, please visit the New Mexico Law Review website: www.lawschool.unm.edu/nmlr LIBERALIZATION OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT POLICIES IN MEXICO: LEGAL CHANGES ENCOURAGING NEW DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT CHARLES T. DuMARS* I. INTRODUCTION The nations of Mexico and the United States are drawn together by numerous economic, political, and historical forces. While our common history as developing nations of the new world is significant and im- migration policies are likewise critical, the most significant force pulling us together is our growing economic interdependence. This economic interdependence is reflected in the extensive changes over the past three years in Mexico's foreign investment laws. These changes cannot be understood in a vacuum. They make sense only in a historical context and with an understanding of the economic forces that have shaped them. This article begins by exploring Mexico's debt crisis and its current economic position in the world economy. This discussion is followed by a review of the history leading up to the current foreign investment laws. These laws are examined in detail, with particular emphasis on the Maquiladora program. -
Facets of Texas Legal History
SMU Law Review Volume 52 Issue 4 Article 9 1999 Facets of Texas Legal History Frances Spears Cloyd Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/smulr Recommended Citation Frances Spears Cloyd, Facets of Texas Legal History, 52 SMU L. REV. 1653 (1999) https://scholar.smu.edu/smulr/vol52/iss4/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in SMU Law Review by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. FACETS OF TEXAS LEGAL HISTORY Frances Spears Cloyd* OR three hundred years Spain ruled vast areas in the Western hemisphere. She regarded these colonial possessions as being en- tirely the King's, for his use and benefit. She exploited them for royal profit through a tight trade monopoly and extended her laws into them. Her domination was approaching an end when the Anglo-Ameri- cans began to come into Texas. Moses Austin got permission from the Spanish government to take a colony into Texas in 1821. He died before he was able to complete his project and bequeathed the responsibility to his son, Stephen. In this same year Mexico and Spain were clashing. Iturbide led a pow- erful liberal movement based on unity of all classes, independence under a Bourbon prince with power limited by a constitution, and protection of the Catholic Church. Mexico proclaimed her independence from Spain and proceeded to the drafting of an extremely complex constitution.' It was completed and promulgated in 1824. -
ARCHIVES Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Of
Worker Rights Protection in Mexico's Silicon Valley: Confronting Low-Road Labor Practices in High-Tech Manufacturing through Antagonistic Collaboration By MASSAGHU3ETTIENS TITUTE Hector Salazar Salame B.A. International Affairs James Madison University, 2004 ARCHIVES Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in City Planning at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2011 © 2011 Hector Salazar Salame. All Rights Reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT the permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Author Department of Urban Studies and Planning June 20, 2011 11_ 2 Certified by Professor Judith Tendler Department of Urban Studies and Planning Thesis Supervisor Accepted by Professor Joseph Ferreira Chair, MCP Committee Department of Urban Studies and Planning Worker Rights Protection in Mexico's Silicon Valley: Confronting Low-Road Labor Practices in High-Tech Manufacturing through Antagonistic Collaboration By Hector Salazar Salame Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning on August 4, 2011 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in City Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ABSTRACT Front and center against a backdrop of globalization and the ensuing outsourcing of manufacturing activities to low-income countries, has been a growing interest from scholars regarding the protection of labor rights and the means for improving labor conditions in the developing world. In the past half-decade, scholars have paid greater attention to these issues in the electronics manufacturing industry, particularly in response to recent publications highlighting its onerous working conditions around the globe. -
Pregnancy Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora System: Mexico's Violation of Its Obligations Under NAFTA and the NAALC Laurie J
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Southern Methodist University Law and Business Review of the Americas Volume 5 | Number 4 Article 5 1999 Pregnancy Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora System: Mexico's Violation of Its Obligations under NAFTA and the NAALC Laurie J. Bremer Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.smu.edu/lbra Recommended Citation Laurie J. Bremer, Pregnancy Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora System: Mexico's Violation of Its Obligations under NAFTA and the NAALC, 5 Law & Bus. Rev. Am. 567 (1999) https://scholar.smu.edu/lbra/vol5/iss4/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at SMU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Law and Business Review of the Americas by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. For more information, please visit http://digitalrepository.smu.edu. Autumn 1999 567 Pregnancy Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora System: Mexico's Violation of its Obligations under NAFTA and the NAALC LaurieJ Bremer* I. Introduction. Pregnancy discrimination is a form of sex discrimination based on a woman's preg- nancy status.1 This is considered a form of sex discrimination specifically because it is dis- crimination based on a condition that is unique to women. 2 In Mexico's maquiladora sector several "legally objectionable practices" occur based on pregnancy status: hiring based on pregnancy status, forced resignations, job altering or reassignment, and violations of health and safety laws.3 Pregnancy discrimination is a regular occurrence in Mexico's maquilado- ras, is an invasion of a woman's right to privacy, and can sometimes be an unlawful restraint 4 on a woman's ability to choose the spacing and number of her children. -
Moral Damages Under the Civil Law of Mexico. Are These Damages Equivalent to U.S
University of Miami Law School Institutional Repository University of Miami Inter-American Law Review 4-1-2004 Moral Damages under the Civil Law of Mexico. Are These aD mages Equivalent to U.S. Punitive Damages? Jorge A. Vargas Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons Recommended Citation Jorge A. Vargas, Moral Damages under the Civil Law of Mexico. Are These Damages Equivalent to U.S. Punitive Damages?, 35 U. Miami Inter-Am. L. Rev. 183 (2004) Available at: http://repository.law.miami.edu/umialr/vol35/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Miami Inter- American Law Review by an authorized administrator of Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTICLES MORAL DAMAGES UNDER THE CIVIL LAW OF MEXICO. Are These Damages Equivalent to U.S. Punitive Damages? JORGE A. VARGAS* TABLE OF CONTENTS: I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... 186 II. CIVIL LIABILITY AND TORT LAW IN MEXICO ........... 189 A. Triad of Civil Liability Requirements ............ 192 1. Commission of Illicit Acts .................... 193 2. The Causation of Damage ................... 194 3. Causal Relationship between the Illicit Act and the Resulting Damage ................... 194 B. Mechanism to Quantify Damages and Losses under Mexican Law .............................. 195 1. How to Calculate Damages and Losses in Personal Injury Cases ....................... 196 2. Two Personal Injury Cases under Mexican L aw .......................................... 199 III. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF MORAL DAMAGES ........... 204 A. Two Types of "Moral Reparations" in the Federal Civil Code of 1928 .............................. -
Potential Solutions to the Problem of Pregnancy Discrimination in Maquiladoras Operated by U.S
Potential Solutions to the Problem of Pregnancy Discrimination in Maquiladoras Operated by U.S. Employers in Mexico Michelle Smitht I. INTRODUCTION Export processing plants, or "maquiladoras," which operate in the Northern border cities of Mexico, practice rampant pregnancy discrimi- nation.' The discriminatory practices range from refusing to hire preg- nant women to refusing pregnant women appropriate breaks and time off for pregnancy-related illnesses and complications, resulting in miscar- riages at work. Although workers in other countries encounter similar abuses, the fact that U.S. companies move to Mexico and exploit workers in the most vulnerable situations in order to reduce operating costs, seems to elevate the violation to an even more egregious level.' Copyright 0 1998, BEaRELEY WoMEN's LAW JoURNAL. t Attorney, National Labor Relations Board ("NLRB"), Region 32; J.D., Golden Gate University School of Law. This article does not reflect the views of the NLRB. Thanks to Professors Maria Ontiveros and Maria Blanco, and to the National Labor Committee for their inspiration to write this paper. Also thanks to Aimee Durfee, Rachel Gibson, and Megan Weinstein at the Berkeley Women's Law Journal for their editorial support. 1. The maquiladora industry was formally established in 1965 under Mexico's Border Industriali- zation Program. Starting with 12 plants in 1965, the program has grown to include 2723 plants and 908,000 workers. See BuREAu OF INT'L LAB. AFF., U.S. NAT'L ADMIN. OFF., U.S. DEP'T OF LAB., PuB. REP. REv. NAO SuBMIssIoN # 9701 13 (1998) [hereinafter NAO REPORT]; see also Maquiladoras Will Be Transformed by NAFTA, MEX. -
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GEORGE' McCUTCHEN "Me"B RIDE ... '~::<" ~11'A·eDGiiIlQ;fdi.11·'ib;.. "." . :!;.',: ..... RESEARCH .SERIE~ NO"U :'\: :1 . DhananjayBl1lll Gadgil Library . 1/IU~nmnmmmm~l~mllm GIPE-PUNE-004590 LAND SYSTEMS OF MEXICO AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY RESEARCH SERIES NO. 12 w. L. G. 10El.G, Editor THE LAND SYSTEMS OF MEXICO BY GEORGE McCUTCHEN McBRIDE, Ph.D. University of California, Southern Branch WITH A FOREWORD BY SENOR MANUEL GAMIO Director de Antropologla, Secretarla de Agricultura y Fomento AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY BROADWAY AT IS6TH STREET NEW YORK 19 2 3 COPYRIGHT, 1923 BY THE AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF NEW YORK .... ' • \ 0 r ' • l-'-' • F ~o CONDE NAST PRESS GREENWICH, CONN. TO MY MOTHER CONTENTS CHAPTBR PAGE FOREWORD. by SENOR. MANUEL GAMIO. Director de Antropologfa. Secretarfa de Agricultura y Foment". Mexico ix PREFACE ~ INTRODUCTION. II THE GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING 5 III THE HACIENDAS OF MEXICO. 25 IV THE RANCHOS OF MEXICO • V COLLECTIVE HOLDINGS IN MEXICO 103 VI DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL HOLDINGS AMONG THE PEOPLE OF MEXICO 139 VII THE AGRARIAN REvOLUTION 157 VIII CONCLUSION. • 172 BIBLIOGR.APHY 182 INDEX •••• 197 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIG. PAGE Map of Mexico showing the natural regions . 8 2 Map of Mexico showing the average annual ra,infall 9 3 The Valley of Mexico, looking toward Lake Texcoco from Guadalupe . facing 10 4 Northern, drier portion of the Valley of Mexico at Teoti- huac{m , facing II 5 Map of Mexico showing the population density 12 6 Map of Mexico showing the assessed value of rural prop- erty 13 7 Mountain pastures on the crests of the ridges in central Mexico . -
Master's Thesis Protection of the Sacred Lands
MASTER’S THESIS PROTECTION OF THE SACRED LANDS AND CULTURE OF THE WIXÁRIKA PEOPLE. DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PERSPECTIVE OVER THE WIXÁRIKA MINING CASE. SUPERVISOR: LL. D LEENA HEINÄMÄKI PREPARED BY: OMAR SIERRA GUTIÉRREZ 0371182 UNIVERSITY OF LAPLAND FACULTY OF LAW MASTER OF INTERNATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE LAW ARCTIC LAW AND GOVERNANCE 2014 University of Lapland Faculty of Law Title: Protection of the Sacred Lands and Culture of the Wixárika People. Domestic and International Legal Perspective. Author: Omar Sierra Gutiérrez Number of pages: 134 Year: Winter, 2014 Summary: During the last three decades the integral approach between human rights and environment has benefited world´s indigenous peoples´ role within the decision-making process at state level and international law. The evolution and development of international law towards legal personality of indigenous peoples has reinforced and reassured the awareness that for their cultural and environmental protection, their participation at all stages of the decision-making processes regarding their traditional lands and resources is mandatory. The mentioned before can be noted by analyzing the existent connections between the background, objectives and means of implementation, particularly, among the UN Human Rights Committee, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the ILO Convention No. 169, the Rio Summit follow-up activities, the American Convention on Human Rights, the Inter-American Commission and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In the pursuit of the protection of its cultural heritage and biodiversity, Mexico has shown its compromise by amending its legal framework and ratifying said international human rights standards to protect these places and people that might be compromised by human activities. -
Submission Concerning Pregnancy-Based Sex Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora Sector to the United States National Administrative Office
... Submission Concerning Pregnancy-Based Sex Discrimination in Mexico's Maquiladora Sector to the United States National Administrative Office Submitted by Human Rights Watch Women's Rights Project, Human Rights Watch! Americas, International Labor Rights Fund, and Asociacion Nacional de Abogados Democniticos May 15, 1997 ... Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION .4 II. THE PETITIONERS ... .6 III. JURISDICTION.... ... 8 A Section C . ...................... 8 R Section F ..... .... 8 1. Action Inconsistent with Obligations Under NAALC, Part II .............. 8 2. Harm to Submitter or Other Persons . .. ............... 9 3 Demonstrated Pattern of Non-Enforcement of Labor Law .............. 10 4. Relief Sought. .. .. 11 5. Status Before International Bodies. 14 C. Section G . ........................ 14 IV. RELEVANT LAWS. .......................... 15 A Prohibitions Against Sex Discrimination . .. ...... .... '. 16 1. Constitution of Mexico . ..................... 16 2. Federal Labor Law . ........................... 16 3. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) .... ' ... 16 4. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) . ........ 17 5. The American Convention on Human Rights ................. 18 6. Convention 111 of the International Labor Office (ILO) on Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation .. 18 B. The Right to Determine The Number And Spacing of Children ..... .. 18 1. Mexican Constitution. .. ........... ....... 18 2. Convention on the Elimination of AJI Forms of Discrimination Against Women ...... .. .... 19 V. STATEMENT OF FACTS ...... .. ........ ..... ..... 19 A Sex-Based Employment Discrimination . ... 19 1. Scope of Sex-Based Employment Discrimination in the Hiring Process ..... 21 2. Scope of Post-Hire Sex-Based Employment Discrimination ............. 22 a. Mistreatment of Pregnant Workers. 22 b. Forced Resignations and Attempted Forced Resignations. 23 R Legal Redress for Employment-Based Sex Discrimination . -
THE MERCANTILE ACT: a STUDY in MEXICAN LEGAL Approacht
College of William & Mary Law School William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository Faculty Publications Faculty and Deans 1932 The eM rcantile Act: A Study in Mexican Legal Approach Joseph M. Cormack William & Mary Law School Frederick F. Barker Repository Citation Cormack, Joseph M. and Barker, Frederick F., "The eM rcantile Act: A Study in Mexican Legal Approach" (1932). Faculty Publications. 1482. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs/1482 Copyright c 1932 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/facpubs SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LAW REVIEW VOL. VI NOVEMBER, 1932 No. 1 THE MERCANTILE ACT: A STUDY IN MEXICAN LEGAL APPROACHt FREDERICK F. BARKER* AND JOSEPH M. CORMACK** INTRODUCTION In the Latin American republics and in most of the countries of Europe we find a commercial code distinct from the civil code. The first governs mercantile acts, the second civil acts. With the civilian, therefore, the dis tinction to he drawn between these t\vo classes of activities is fundamental. In Mexico, the severance of the law of commerce from the main body of private civil law is accentuated by constitutional provisions vesting in the central or federal authority the regulation of all commerce, in the broadest sense of the term. Consequently, a single federal Code of Commerce prevails throughout the Republic. It governs all mercantile activities, both inter- and intra-state. Non-mercantile acts, on the other hand, are governed by the cor responding state civil code, or by the Civil Code of the Federal District and Territories. -
Whitepaper Mexico Cleantech
School of Management and Law Whitepaper Mexico Cleantech Center for Business in the Americas Peter Qvist-Sørensen / Ronny Siev Publisher ZHAW School of Management and Law Stadthausstrasse 14 P.O. Box CH-8401 Winterthur Switzerland Center for Business in the Americas https://www.zhaw.ch/en/sml/institutes-centres/imi/competence-centers-teams/center-for-business-in-the-americas/ Contact Peter Qvist-Sørensen, Head Center for Business in the Americas [email protected] March 2017 Copyright © 2017 ZHAW School of Management and Law All rights reserved. Nothing from this publication may be reproduced, stored in computerized systems, or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic, or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher. A transfer to third parties is prohibited. Executive Summary Environmental protection is a new and increasingly important concept in Mexican policy making. In addition, the country needs to improve its insufficient and ageing infrastructure. New policies, laws and regulations support a new mindset to tackle these important issues. With economic growth the need for energy is increasing. The Mexican energy reform, which is currently being implemented, will end the state monopoly and liberalize the market. Diversification of energy sources, growth of renewable energy and reduction of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases are among the government’s long-term goals for the coming 20 years. Auctions for contracts in wind, solar and geothermal energy started in March 2016, initializing the wholesale market and attracting large international energy companies into Mexico. In line with the Mexican government’s initiatives, the three leaders of the NAFTA countries presented in June 2016 the North American Climate, Clean Energy and Environment Partnership Action Plan, to align their policies regarding clean energy, energy efficiency and emission goals.