Xiaoming CHEN
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Efficacy of New Insecticide Molecules Against Major Predatory Insects in Kusmi Lac
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(12): 100-106 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 12 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.712.013 Efficacy of New Insecticide Molecules against Major Predatory Insects in Kusmi Lac Savita Aditya and S.P. Singh* Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Raigarh-496001, India Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The study was carried out for the assessment of abundance of predatory insects associated K e yw or ds with lac insect Kerria lacca (Kerr) and their management through new insecticide molecule in kusmi lac during July-October 2015-16 and 2016-17. A combination of Kusmi lac, Kerria lacca, Emamectin benzoatate 5 % SG +Carbendazim 50 WP (T ), Indoxacarb 14.5 % SC + 1 Natural enemies of lac crop, New insecticide Carbendazim 50 WP (T2) and Control (T3) was evaluated against the predators of the lac molecule insect. Pesticides application significantly reduced the incidence of major predators Eublemma amabilis Moore and Pseudohypatopa pulverea Mayr in comparison to (T ). Article Info 3 There was a reduction in the population of predatory insects 81.97 per cent in T and 77.78 1 Accepted: per cent T2 respectively over the year. It was seen that the different samples of lac 04 November 2018 collected from different lac growing areas of Chhattisgarh and noted that not a single Available Online: sample was free from the attack of predator Eublemma amabilis Moore and 10 December 2018 Pseudohypatopa pulverea Mayr and appeared as major problem of lac host plants and losses consideration level in most of the areas. -
Weather and Pests
Volume 52 Number 18 August 10, 2007 Weather and Pests Widespread rainfall this week brought variable levels of moisture to the state. Portions of the southern agricultural areas received generous amounts of precipitation, and this has improved the prospects for late-planted sweet corn, soybeans and alfalfa regrowth. High temperatures and humidity favored an increase in some diseases that were relatively inactive during the prolonged period of dry weather. Crops in the central and northern areas remain under severe drought stress. Corn growers from the east central area report poor grain fill and attribute it to the continued dry conditions. Second and third crop hay cuttings are short and yields are generally below normal. Corn rootworm beetles are now very active and being encountered in high numbers in several counties. Growing Degree Days through 08/09/07 were GDD 50F 2006 5-Yr 48F 40F Historical GDD Dubuque, IA 2115 1989 2006 2194 3379 March 1 - August 9 Lone Rock 2037 1924 1934 2058 3277 Beloit 2098 2071 1996 2106 3357 Madison 2004 1879 1907 2028 3236 Sullivan 1932 1912 1883 1923 3139 Juneau 1922 1803 1850 1967 3127 Waukesha 1885 1804 1806 1933 3083 Hartford 1909 1789 1803 1961 3010 40 50 Racine 1875 1774 1751 1912 3067 Milwaukee 1870 1785 1739 1906 3063 10 78 20 40 0 Appleton 1876 1818 1731 1909 3051 2 48 Green Bay 1752 1703 1609 1798 2915 0 12 Big Flats 1885 1890 1831 1846 3058 0 Hancock 1875 1858 1802 1836 3026 Port Edwards 1869 1899 1765 1873 3035 43 45 36 76 La Crosse 2178 2133 2037 2063 3462 30 20 15 Eau Claire 2004 2078 1903 1982 3227 State Average 24 9 Very Short 41% 1 Cumberland 1833 1828 1679 1822 2986 1 0 Short 32% Bayfield 1465 1478 1312 1471 2500 Adequate 26% 5 2 Wausau 1744 1689 1598 1754 2861 Surplus 1% 21 Medford 1690 1707 1568 1708 2804 22 21 63 35 Soil Moisture Conditions 73 57 Crivitz 1687 1638 1530 1727 2799 0 0 1 Crandon 1588 1522 1449 1568 2634 as of August 5, 2007 WEB: http://pestbulletin.wi.gov z EMAIL: [email protected] z VOLUME 52 Issue No. -
Phylogenetic Relationships and Historical Biogeography of Tribes and Genera in the Subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 0024-4066The Linnean Society of London, 2005? 2005 862 227251 Original Article PHYLOGENY OF NYMPHALINAE N. WAHLBERG ET AL Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 86, 227–251. With 5 figures . Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of tribes and genera in the subfamily Nymphalinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) NIKLAS WAHLBERG1*, ANDREW V. Z. BROWER2 and SÖREN NYLIN1 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2907, USA Received 10 January 2004; accepted for publication 12 November 2004 We infer for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of genera and tribes in the ecologically and evolutionarily well-studied subfamily Nymphalinae using DNA sequence data from three genes: 1450 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 1077 bp of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-a) and 400–403 bp of wing- less (both in the nuclear genome). We explore the influence of each gene region on the support given to each node of the most parsimonious tree derived from a combined analysis of all three genes using Partitioned Bremer Support. We also explore the influence of assuming equal weights for all characters in the combined analysis by investigating the stability of clades to different transition/transversion weighting schemes. We find many strongly supported and stable clades in the Nymphalinae. We are also able to identify ‘rogue’ -
Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A
Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research Julien Thézé, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Jenny Cory, Elisabeth Herniou To cite this version: Julien Thézé, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Jenny Cory, Elisabeth Herniou. Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research. Viruses, MDPI, 2018, 10 (7), pp.366. 10.3390/v10070366. hal-02140538 HAL Id: hal-02140538 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02140538 Submitted on 26 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License viruses Article Biodiversity, Evolution and Ecological Specialization of Baculoviruses: A Treasure Trove for Future Applied Research Julien Thézé 1,2, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde 1,3 ID , Jenny S. Cory 4 and Elisabeth A. Herniou 1,* ID 1 Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR 7261, CNRS—Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France; [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected] -
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Oil from Clanis Bilineata (Lepidoptera), an Edible Insect
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(20), pp. 4607-4610, 8 March, 2012 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJB11.4102 ISSN 1684–5315 © 2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of oil from Clanis bilineata (Lepidoptera), an edible insect Shengjun Wu School of Marine Science and Technology, HuaiHai Institute of Technology, 59 Cangwu Road, Xinpu 222005, China. E- mail: [email protected]. Tel: 86-051885895427. Fax: 86-051885895428. Accepted 16 February, 2012 Oil was extracted from the dry meat of Clanis bilineata (Lepidoptera) using supercritical carbon dioxide in a continuous flow extractor. The following optimum extraction conditions were investigated: temperature, 35°C; pressure, 25 MPa; supercritical CO2 flow rate, 20 L/min and time, 60 min. Under these extraction conditions, the oil extraction rate reached up to 97% (w/w). The level of unsaturated fatty acids in the extracted oil was 63.21% (w/w). In addition, the level of linolenic acid, a functional fatty acid, was as high as 37.61% (w/w) of the total fatty acids. Results of the present work indicate that C. bilineata (Lepidoptera) may be a promising oil resource for humans. Key words: Supercritical CO2, Clanis bilineata, fatty acids, oil. INTRODUCTION Many studies on a variety of edible insects which grow in dried CB meat, 0.53 mm; supercritical CO2 flow rate, 20 L/min; the wild indicate that these insects are potential sources pressure, 25 MPa; temperature, 35°C and time, 60 min. of oil for food and medicine (Chen, 1997; Raksakantong et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2000). -
Notes on Hawk Moths ( Lepidoptera — Sphingidae )
Colemania, Number 33, pp. 1-16 1 Published : 30 January 2013 ISSN 0970-3292 © Kumar Ghorpadé Notes on Hawk Moths (Lepidoptera—Sphingidae) in the Karwar-Dharwar transect, peninsular India: a tribute to T.R.D. Bell (1863-1948)1 KUMAR GHORPADÉ Post-Graduate Teacher and Research Associate in Systematic Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 221, K.C. Park P.O., Dharwar 580 008, India. E-mail: [email protected] R.R. PATIL Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Krishi Nagar, Dharwar 580 005, India. E-mail: [email protected] MALLAPPA K. CHANDARAGI Doctoral student, Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Krishi Nagar, Dharwar 580 005, India. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. This is an update of the Hawk-Moths flying in the transect between the cities of Karwar and Dharwar in northern Karnataka state, peninsular India, based on and following up on the previous fairly detailed study made by T.R.D. Bell around Karwar and summarized in the 1937 FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA volume on Sphingidae. A total of 69 species of 27 genera are listed. The Western Ghats ‘Hot Spot’ separates these towns, one that lies on the coast of the Arabian Sea and the other further east, leeward of the ghats, on the Deccan Plateau. The intervening tract exhibits a wide range of habitats and altitudes, lying in the North Kanara and Dharwar districts of Karnataka. This paper is also an update and summary of Sphingidae flying in peninsular India. Limited field sampling was done; collections submitted by students of the Agricultural University at Dharwar were also examined and are cited here . -
Morphology and Biology of Lac Insect and Different Strain
LECTURE 11: MORPHOLOGY AND BIOLOGY OF LAC INSECT AND DIFFERENT STRAIN. 1. Degree Programme: B. Sc (Ag) 2. Year: 3rd 3. Semester: VI 4. Course Name: Management of Beneficial Insects 5. Course Code: AEZ-302 6. Topic Name: Morphology and biology of lac insect and different strain. 7. Date: 27.03.2020 8. Course Instructor: Mr. G. S. Giri, Dr. Neeraj Kumar, Dr. R. Prasad INTRODUCTION The word lac is derived from the sanskrit word laksha, which represents the number 100,000. Lac is the harden secretion or outer protective covering of lac insect. The insect produce three products namely resin, dye and wax of great commercial importance. The resin commonly called lac and is the only product of animal origin. It is commercially available in the market as shellac or seedlac or button lac. TAXONOMY Lac insect : Laccifera lacca Order : Hemiptera Sub order : Homoptera Super family : Coccoidae Family : Kerridae Genus : Laccifera Species : lacca DISTRIBUTION India, Pakisthan, Sri Lanka, Myamar, Malaysia, China, Thialand MORPHOLOGY Lac insect is a hemimetabolous i.e. it undergoes gradual metamorphosis. It has three life stage namely egg, young one and adult. The young ones are called as nymph. The nymphs are similar to adult in all aspects except their size and reproductive organs. The adult male and female are different from each other. Female is about three time larger than the male. Male: These are pinkish red in colour and may be winged or wing less. Winged male possesses only one pair of translucent membranous forewing. They are mostly found during dry season (Baisakhi and Jethwai). -
Wax, Wings, and Swarms: Insects and Their Products As Art Media
Wax, Wings, and Swarms: Insects and their Products as Art Media Barrett Anthony Klein Pupating Lab Biology Department, University of Wisconsin—La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601 email: [email protected] When citing this paper, please use the following: Klein BA. Submitted. Wax, Wings, and Swarms: Insects and their Products as Art Media. Annu. Rev. Entom. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-020821-060803 Keywords art, cochineal, cultural entomology, ethnoentomology, insect media art, silk 1 Abstract Every facet of human culture is in some way affected by our abundant, diverse insect neighbors. Our relationship with insects has been on display throughout the history of art, sometimes explicitly, but frequently in inconspicuous ways. This is because artists can depict insects overtly, but they can also allude to insects conceptually, or use insect products in a purely utilitarian manner. Insects themselves can serve as art media, and artists have explored or exploited insects for their products (silk, wax, honey, propolis, carmine, shellac, nest paper), body parts (e.g., wings), and whole bodies (dead, alive, individually, or as collectives). This review surveys insects and their products used as media in the visual arts, and considers the untapped potential for artistic exploration of media derived from insects. The history, value, and ethics of “insect media art” are topics relevant at a time when the natural world is at unprecedented risk. INTRODUCTION The value of studying cultural entomology and insect art No review of human culture would be complete without art, and no review of art would be complete without the inclusion of insects. Cultural entomology, a field of study formalized in 1980 (43), and ambitiously reviewed 35 years ago by Charles Hogue (44), clearly illustrates that artists have an inordinate fondness for insects. -
Adsorption Properties of Lac Dyes on Wool, Silk, and Nylon
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Chemistry Volume 2013, Article ID 546839, 6 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/546839 Research Article Adsorption Properties of Lac Dyes on Wool, Silk, and Nylon Bo Wei,1 Qiu-Yuan Chen,1 Guoqiang Chen,1 Ren-Cheng Tang,1 and Jun Zhang2 1 National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China 2 Suzhou Institute of Trade and Commerce, 287 Xuefu Road, Suzhou 215009, China Correspondence should be addressed to Ren-Cheng Tang; [email protected] Received 24 May 2013; Revised 26 August 2013; Accepted 31 August 2013 Academic Editor: Mehmet Emin Duru Copyright © 2013 Bo Wei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. There has been growing interest in the dyeing of textiles with natural dyes. The research about the adsorption properties of natural dyes can help to understand their adsorption mechanism and to control their dyeing process. This study is concerned with the kinetics and isotherms of adsorption of lac dyes on wool, silk, and nylon fibers. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of lac dyes on the three fibers followed the pseudosecond-order kinetic model, and the adsorption rate of lac dyes was the fastest for silk and the slowest for wool. The activation energies for the adsorptionprocessonwool,silk,andnylonwerefoundtobe107.15,87.85, and 45.31 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption of lac dyes on the three fibers followed the Langmuir mechanism, indicating that the electrostaticinteractionsbetweenlacdyesandthosefibersoccurred.Thesaturationvaluesforlacadsorptiononthethreefibers decreased in the order of wool > silk > nylon; the Langmuir affinity constant of lac adsorption on nylon was much higher than those on wool and silk. -
Baculovirus Enhancins and Their Role in Viral Pathogenicity
9 Baculovirus Enhancins and Their Role in Viral Pathogenicity James M. Slavicek USDA Forest Service USA 1. Introduction Baculoviruses are a large group of viruses pathogenic to arthropods, primarily insects from the order Lepidoptera and also insects in the orders Hymenoptera and Diptera (Moscardi 1999; Herniou & Jehle, 2007). Baculoviruses have been used to control insect pests on agricultural crops and forests around the world (Moscardi, 1999; Szewczk et al., 2006, 2009; Erlandson 2008). Efforts have been ongoing for the last two decades to develop strains of baculoviruses with greater potency or other attributes to decrease the cost of their use through a lower cost of production or application. Early efforts focused on the insertion of foreign genes into the genomes of baculoviruses that would increase viral killing speed for use to control agricultural insect pests (Black et al., 1997; Bonning & Hammock, 1996). More recently, research efforts have focused on viral genes that are involved in the initial and early processes of infection and host factors that impede successful infection (Rohrmann, 2011). The enhancins are proteins produced by some baculoviruses that are involved in one of the earliest events of host infection. This article provides a review of baculovirus enhancins and their role in the earliest phases of viral infection. 2. Lepidopteran specific baculoviruses The Baculoviridae are divided into four genera: the Alphabaculovirus (lepidopteran-specific nucleopolyhedroviruses, NPV), Betabaculovirus (lepidopteran specific Granuloviruses, GV), Gammabaculovirus (hymenopteran-specific NPV), and Deltabaculovirus (dipteran-specific NPV) (Jehle et al., 2006). Baculoviruses are arthropod-specific viruses with rod-shaped nucleocapsids ranging in size from 30-60 nm x 250-300 nm. -
Fungal Pathogens Occurring on <I>Orthopterida</I> in Thailand
Persoonia 44, 2020: 140–160 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.06 Fungal pathogens occurring on Orthopterida in Thailand D. Thanakitpipattana1, K. Tasanathai1, S. Mongkolsamrit1, A. Khonsanit1, S. Lamlertthon2, J.J. Luangsa-ard1 Key words Abstract Two new fungal genera and six species occurring on insects in the orders Orthoptera and Phasmatodea (superorder Orthopterida) were discovered that are distributed across three families in the Hypocreales. Sixty-seven Clavicipitaceae sequences generated in this study were used in a multi-locus phylogenetic study comprising SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB1 Cordycipitaceae and RPB2 together with the nuclear intergenic region (IGR). These new taxa are introduced as Metarhizium grylli entomopathogenic fungi dicola, M. phasmatodeae, Neotorrubiella chinghridicola, Ophiocordyceps kobayasii, O. krachonicola and Petchia new taxa siamensis. Petchia siamensis shows resemblance to Cordyceps mantidicola by infecting egg cases (ootheca) of Ophiocordycipitaceae praying mantis (Mantidae) and having obovoid perithecial heads but differs in the size of its perithecia and ascospore taxonomy shape. Two new species in the Metarhizium cluster belonging to the M. anisopliae complex are described that differ from known species with respect to phialide size, conidia and host. Neotorrubiella chinghridicola resembles Tor rubiella in the absence of a stipe and can be distinguished by the production of whole ascospores, which are not commonly found in Torrubiella (except in Torrubiella hemipterigena, which produces multiseptate, whole ascospores). Ophiocordyceps krachonicola is pathogenic to mole crickets and shows resemblance to O. nigrella, O. ravenelii and O. barnesii in having darkly pigmented stromata. Ophiocordyceps kobayasii occurs on small crickets, and is the phylogenetic sister species of taxa in the ‘sphecocephala’ clade. -
Oddities of the Insect World
but a beetle, the green and purple and yellow tiger beetle, Therates labiatus. It inhabited the damp and gloomy Oddities of the glades and fed mainly on insects that visited the flowers. Its perfume, Wal- Insect World lace concluded, aided it in attracting small nectar gatherers to the spot. Edwin Way Teale At least three species of oriental praying mantids use color instead of perfume to aid them in securing their Nineteen centuries ago. when Pliny food. These insects, like the mantid na- the Elder was writing his natural his- tive to the southern part of the United tory in Rome, men believed that insects States, imprison their prey within the were creatures without blood, that but- spined traps formed by their forelegs. terfly eggs were drops of solidified dew, By having parts of their bodies ex- that echoes killed honey bees, and that panded into thin plates which are gold was mined in the mountains north brightly tinted on the under side, the of India by a giant ant "the color of a oriental insects resemble flowers on the cat and as large as an Egyptian wolf." bushes where they hunt. When climb- "This gold," Pliny assured his ing to a favorable position, the mantid rííaders, "is extracted in the winter and keeps the bright-colored under sides of is taken by the Indians during the heats the plates hidden. However, when it of summer while the ants are compelled finds itself among flowers to its liking, it by the excessive warmth to hide them- turns the colored plates uppermost and selves in their holes.