A Practical Approach to Subtyping Depression Among Your Patients
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Dietary Patterns Are Differentially Associated with Atypical and Melancholic Subtypes of Depression
nutrients Article Dietary Patterns Are Differentially Associated with Atypical and Melancholic Subtypes of Depression Aurélie M. Lasserre 1,* , Marie-Pierre F. Strippoli 1 , Pedro Marques-Vidal 2 , Lana J. Williams 3, Felice N. Jacka 3, Caroline L. Vandeleur 1, Peter Vollenweider 2 and Martin Preisig 1 1 Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; [email protected] (M.-P.F.S.); [email protected] (C.L.V.); [email protected] (M.P.) 2 Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; [email protected] (P.M.-V.); [email protected] (P.V.) 3 Barwon Health, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; [email protected] (L.J.W.); [email protected] (F.N.J.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +41-21-314-3552 Abstract: Diet has been associated with the risk of depression, whereas different subtypes of depres- sion have been linked with different cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). In this study, our aims were to (1) identify dietary patterns with exploratory factor analysis, (2) assess cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns and depression subtypes, and (3) examine the potentially mediating effect of dietary patterns in the associations between CVRFs and depression subtypes. In the first follow-up of the population-based CoLaus|PsyCoLaus study (2009–2013, 3554 participants, 45.6% men, mean age Citation: Lasserre, A.M.; Strippoli, 57.5 years), a food frequency questionnaire assessed dietary intake and a semi-structured interview M.-P.F.; Marques-Vidal, P.; Williams, allowed to characterize major depressive disorder into current or remitted atypical, melancholic, L.J.; Jacka, F.N.; Vandeleur, C.L.; and unspecified subtypes. -
Alteration of Immune Markers in a Group of Melancholic Depressed Patients and Their Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author J Affect Manuscript Author Disord. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 February 03. Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2016 November 15; 205: 60–68. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.035. Alteration of Immune Markers in a group of Melancholic Depressed patients and their Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy Gavin Rush1,*, Aoife O’Donovan2,3,4,5, Laura Nagle1, Catherine Conway1, AnnMaria McCrohan2,3, Cliona O’Farrelly6, James V. Lucey1, and Kevin M. Malone2,3 1St. Patrick’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland 2School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 3Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Mental Health Research, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland 4Stress and Health Research Program, San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California 5Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California 6School of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Abstract Background—Immune system dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression, and is hypothesized to normalize with successful treatment. We aimed to investigate immune dysfunction in melancholic depression and its response to ECT. Methods—55 melancholic depressed patients and 26 controls participated. 33 patients (60%) were referred for ECT. Blood samples were taken at baseline, one hour after the first ECT session, and 48 hours after ECT series completion. Results—At baseline, melancholic depressed patients had significantly higher levels of the pro- inflammatory cytokine IL-6, and lower levels of the regulatory cytokine TGF-β than controls. A significant surge in IL-6 levels was observed one hour after the first ECT session, but neither IL-6 nor TGF-β levels normalized after completion of ECT series. -
Ketamine and Depression: a Review Wesley C
International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Volume 33 | Issue 2 Article 6 7-1-2014 Ketamine and Depression: A Review Wesley C. Ryan University of Washington Cole J. Marta University of California, Los Angeles Ralph J. Koek University of California, Los Angeles Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ciis.edu/ijts-transpersonalstudies Part of the Philosophy Commons, Psychiatry and Psychology Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Ryan, W. C., Marta, C. J., & Koek, R. J. (2014). Ryan, W. C., Marta, C. J., & Koek, R. J. (2014). Ketamine and depression: A review. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 33(2), 40–74.. International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 33 (2). http://dx.doi.org/ 10.24972/ijts.2014.33.2.40 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Special Topic Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals and Newsletters at Digital Commons @ CIIS. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Journal of Transpersonal Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ CIIS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ketamine and Depression: A Review Wesley C. Ryan University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA Cole J. Marta Ralph J. Koek University of California at Los Angeles University of California at Los Angeles North Hills, CA, USA North Hills, CA, USA Ketamine, via intravenous infusions, has emerged as a novel therapy for treatment-resistant depression, given rapid onset and demonstrable efficacy in both unipolar and bipolar depression. Duration of benefit, on the order of days, varies between these subtypes, but appears longer in unipolar depression. -
A History of the Concept of Atypical Depression
Jonathan R. T. Davidson A History of the Concept of Atypical Depression Jonathan R. T. Davidson, M.D. The term atypical depression as a preferentially monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)–responsive state was first introduced by West and Dally in 1959. Further characterization of this syndrome and its responsiveness to antidepressants came to occupy the attention of many psychopharmacologists for the next 30 years. Different portrayals of atypical depression have emerged, for example, nonendoge- nous depression, phobic anxiety with secondary depression, vegetative reversal, rejection-sensitivity, and depression with severe chronic pain. Consistency across or within types has been unimpressive, and no coherent single type of depression can yet be said to be “atypical.” In successfully demonstrat- ing superiority of MAOI drugs to tricyclics, the Columbia (or DSM-IV) criteria have established their utility and become widely adopted, but other criteria have also passed this test. In this “post-MAOI” era, no novel compound or group of drugs has been clearly shown to have good efficacy in atypical depression, leaving the treatment of atypical depression as an unmet need. (J Clin Psychiatry 2007;68[suppl 3]:10–15) DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT drawn from the medication after a few months of treat- OF ATYPICAL DEPRESSION ment. This observation may reflect recovery from brief episodes of depression or possibly a set of patients with The concept of atypical depression with respect to different atypical symptoms than those seen today; it is monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) was first articu- also possible that follow-up was not long enough to lated in 1959 by West and Dally1 upon recognizing a sub- observe relapses. -
A History of the Pharmacological Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review A History of the Pharmacological Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Francisco López-Muñoz 1,2,3,4,* ID , Winston W. Shen 5, Pilar D’Ocon 6, Alejandro Romero 7 ID and Cecilio Álamo 8 1 Faculty of Health Sciences, University Camilo José Cela, C/Castillo de Alarcón 49, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain 2 Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (i+12), Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain 3 Portucalense Institute of Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioural Neurosciences (INPP), Portucalense University, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 541, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal 4 Thematic Network for Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Addictive Disorders Network, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain 5 Departments of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Medical Center and School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 111 Hsin Long Road Section 3, Taipei 116, Taiwan; [email protected] 6 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vicente Andrés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; [email protected] 7 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 8 Department of Biomedical Sciences (Pharmacology Area), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Crta. de Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: fl[email protected] or [email protected] Received: 4 June 2018; Accepted: 13 July 2018; Published: 23 July 2018 Abstract: In this paper, the authors review the history of the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder, from the first nonspecific sedative agents introduced in the 19th and early 20th century, such as solanaceae alkaloids, bromides and barbiturates, to John Cade’s experiments with lithium and the beginning of the so-called “Psychopharmacological Revolution” in the 1950s. -
Mood (Affective) Disorders What Are Moods? ______
Mood (Affective) Disorders What are moods? _________________________________________ ______________________________________________. What are some examples of enduring moods? __________________ _______________________. What are the two main types of mood disorders? ________________ Depression is characterized by ______________________________ _______________________________________________________; Mania is characterized by __________________________________ ________________________________________________. Unipolar disorder refers to the condition in which individuals experience depressive symptoms only. Bipolar disorder refers to the condition in which individuals suffer from bouts of mania and depression (aka manic-depressive disorder). Incidence of mood disorders: at least __ of US population are believed to suffer from mood disorder in any ________ period (underestimate). Incidence climbs to 6% when people report suffering from a mood disorder some time during their life. - unipolar depression is more prevalent (____) than bipolar disorder (___) in US during any single year. - 45-85% of individuals suffering from mood disorders will have a recurrence of the disease - treatment helps prevent such relapses.1 Diagnostic criteria for Mania Criterion A - a distinct period of abnormally and persistently ______________ ____________________________. - abnormally here is defined in relation to the person’s normal behavior; - usually lasts _________________. Criterion B (requires 3 of the following symptoms, 4 if the mood is characterized as irritable): 1. __________________________________; 2. ________________________ (e.g., feels rested after only 3 hours of sleep); 3. More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking; 4. ___________ (jumping to a new line of thought before completing the preceding one) or subjective experience that thoughts are racing; 5. ___________ (i.e., attention easily drawn by unimportant stimuli); 6. Increase in goal-directed activity (socially, at work or school, or sexually) or _____________________; 7. -
Phenomenal Depth a Common Phenomenological Dimension in Depression and Depersonalization
Michael Gaebler,* Jan-Peter Lamke,* Judith K. Daniels and Henrik Walter Phenomenal Depth A Common Phenomenological Dimension in Depression and Depersonalization Abstract: Describing, understanding, and explaining subjective expe- rience in depression is a great challenge for psychopathology. Attempts to uncover neurobiological mechanisms of those experi- ences are in need of theoretical concepts that are able to bridge phen- omenological descriptions and neurocognitive approaches, which allow us to measure indicators of those experiences in quantitative terms. Based on our own ongoing work with patients who suffer from depersonalization disorder (DPD) and describe their experience as flat and detached from self, body, and world, we introduce the idea of phenomenal depth as such a concept. Phenomenal depth is conceptu- alized as a dimension inherent to all experiences, describing the relat- Copyright (c) Imprint Academic 2013 edness of one’s self with one’s mental processes, body, and the world. For personal use only -- not for reproduction More precisely, it captures the experience of this relatedness and embeddedness of one’s experiences, and it is thus a meta- or second- order experience. The psychopathology of DPD patients can be understood very generally as an instance of reduced phenomenal depth. We will argue that similar experiences in depression can also be understood as a reduction in phenomenal depth. We relate those ideas to neurocognitive studies of perception, emotion regulation, and the idea of predictive coding. Finally, we will speculate about possible Correspondence: Division of Mind & Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin Email: [email protected] [*] equal contribution Journal of Consciousness Studies, 20, No. -
Healing the Stigma of Depression
Healing the Stigma of Depression A Guide for Helping Professionals A resource for helping professionals of all disciplines serving people who may be affected by depression—and by its stigma. Written by Pamela Woll, MA, CADP for the Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center and the Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center Healing the Stigma of Depression: A Guide for Helping Professionals Published by: Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center Nathan Linsk, PhD, Principal Investigator Barbara Schechtman, MPH, Executive Director Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center Larry Bennett, PhD, Principal Investigator Nathan Linsk, PhD, Co-Principal Investigator Lonnetta Albright, Director Project Leader: Barbara Schechtman, MPH Co-Leader: Lonnetta Albright Author: Pamela Woll, MA, CADP Research Assistant: Charles M. Bright, LCSW, ACSW Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center Jane Addams College of Social Work University of Illinois at Chicago 1640 W. Roosevelt Road, Suite 511 (M/C 779) Chicago, Illinois 60608 November, 2007 This publication was produced by the Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center (partially supported by a grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration and through funds raised independently), and the Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center (under a cooperative agreement from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. This was produced by the Midwest AIDS Training and Education Center, funded in part by HRSA Grant # H4A HA00062. For more information on obtaining copies of this publication, please call (312) 996-1373. Developed in part under a grant funded by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. -
Treatment of Atypical Depression with Cognitive Therapy Or Phenelzine a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Treatment of Atypical Depression With Cognitive Therapy or Phenelzine A Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Robin B. Jarrett, PhD; Martin Schaffer, MD; Donald McIntire, PhD; Amy Witt-Browder, MA; Dolores Kraft, PhD; Richard C. Risser, MS Background: Patients with atypical depression are more Results: With the use of an intention-to-treat strategy, likely to respond to monoamine oxidase inhibitors than the response rates (21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for De- to tricyclic antidepressants. They are frequently offered pression score, #9) were significantly greater after cog- psychotherapy in the absence of controlled tests. There nitive therapy (58%) and phenelzine (58%) than after pill are no prospective, randomized, controlled trials, to our placebo (28%). Phenelzine and cognitive therapy also re- knowledge, of psychotherapy for atypical depression or duced symptoms significantly more than placebo accord- of cognitive therapy compared with a monoamine oxi- ing to contrasts after a repeated-measures analysis of co- dase inhibitor. Since there is only 1 placebo-controlled variance and random regression with the use of the blind trial of cognitive therapy, this trial fills a gap in the lit- evaluator’s final Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score. erature on psychotherapy for depression. The scores between cognitive therapy and phenelzine did not differ significantly. Supplemental analyses of other Methods: Outpatients with DSM-III-R major depres- symptom severity measures confirm the finding. sive disorder and atypical features (N = 108) were treated in a 10-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial Conclusions: Cognitive therapy may offer an effective comparing acute-phase cognitive therapy or clinical man- alternative to standard acute-phase treatment with a agement plus either phenelzine sulfate or placebo. -
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines World Health Organization -1- Preface In the early 1960s, the Mental Health Programme of the World Health Organization (WHO) became actively engaged in a programme aiming to improve the diagnosis and classification of mental disorders. At that time, WHO convened a series of meetings to review knowledge, actively involving representatives of different disciplines, various schools of thought in psychiatry, and all parts of the world in the programme. It stimulated and conducted research on criteria for classification and for reliability of diagnosis, and produced and promulgated procedures for joint rating of videotaped interviews and other useful research methods. Numerous proposals to improve the classification of mental disorders resulted from the extensive consultation process, and these were used in drafting the Eighth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-8). A glossary defining each category of mental disorder in ICD-8 was also developed. The programme activities also resulted in the establishment of a network of individuals and centres who continued to work on issues related to the improvement of psychiatric classification (1, 2). The 1970s saw further growth of interest in improving psychiatric classification worldwide. Expansion of international contacts, the undertaking of several international collaborative studies, and the availability of new treatments all contributed to this trend. Several national psychiatric bodies encouraged the development of specific criteria for classification in order to improve diagnostic reliability. In particular, the American Psychiatric Association developed and promulgated its Third Revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, which incorporated operational criteria into its classification system. -
Treatment-Induced Manic Switch in the Course of Unipolar Depression Can Predict Bipolarity: Cluster Analysis Based Evidence
JAD-05110; No of Pages 11 Journal of Affective Disorders xxx (2011) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Affective Disorders journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jad Research report Treatment-induced manic switch in the course of unipolar depression can predict bipolarity: Cluster analysis based evidence Kemal Dumlu a,1, Zahide Orhon a,2,Ayşegül Özerdem a,b,c,d, Ümit Tural e, Halis Ulaş a, Zeliha Tunca a,⁎ a Dokuz Eylul University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry Izmir, Turkey b Department of Neuroscience, Dokuz Eylul University Health Sciences Institute Izmir, Turkey c Multidisciplinary Brain Dynamics Research Center, Dokuz Eylul University Izmir, Turkey d Kültür University, Brain Dynamics, Cognition, and Complex Systems Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey e Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Kocaeli, Turkey article info abstract Article history: Background: Antidepressants are known to induce manic switch in patients with depression. Received 11 April 2011 Treatment-induced mania is not considered as bipolar disorder in DSM IV. The aim of this study Received in revised form 16 June 2011 was to assess whether clinical characteristics of patients with unipolar depression with a Accepted 16 June 2011 history of treatment-induced mania were similar to those of patients with bipolar disorder. Available online xxxx Method: The study included 217 consecutive patients with DSM-IV mood disorders, diagnosed as: bipolar disorder type I (BP-I, n=58) or type II (BP-II, n=18) whose first episodes were Keywords: depression, recurrent (unipolar) major depressive disorder with a history of antidepressant Bipolar disorder Recurrent depression treatment-induced mania (switchers=sUD; n=61) and without such an event (rUD; n=80). -
Melancholic Depression and Its Relationship to Cognitive Decline Elizabeth Corsentino
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2010 Melancholic Depression and Its Relationship to Cognitive Decline Elizabeth Corsentino Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES MELANCHOLIC DEPRESSION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO COGNITIVE DECLINE By Elizabeth Corsentino A Thesis submitted to the Department of Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2010 The members of the committee approve the Thesis of Elizabeth Corsentino defended on October 18, 2010. _______________________________________ Natalie Sachs-Ericsson Professor Directing Thesis _______________________________________ Thomas Joiner Professor Co-Directing Thesis _______________________________________ Richard Wagner Committee Member Approved: _____________________________________ Janet Kistner, Chair, Department of Psychology _____________________________________ Joseph Travis, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge my research advisor, Natalie Sachs-Ericsson, committee members Thomas Joiner and Richard Wagner for their helpful comments and guidance during the preparation of this manuscript. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ........................................................................................................................................