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Derechopucp 079.Pdf LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA 79 FILOSOFÍA DEL DERECHO 2017 EN EL RAZONAMIENTO JURÍDICO © Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017 Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 32, Perú Teléfono: (51 1) 626-2650 Fax: (51 1) 626-2913 [email protected] www.fondoeditorial.pucp.edu.pe Derecho PUCP se registra en los siguientes índices, bases de datos, directorios y catálogos: • Índices: SciELO Perú, ERIH PLUS, Dialnet, Latindex, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Red Iberoamericana de Innovación y Conocimiento Científico (REDIB). • Base de datos: Hein Online, CLASE, EbscoHost. • Directorios: BASE, JournalTOCS. • Catálogos: Primo Central, WorldCat, Catálogo Colectivo de la Red de Bibliotecas Universitarias (Catálogo REBUIN), vLex, La Referencia, ALICIA (Concytec). Derecho PUCP es una revista de investigación académica de la Facultad de Derecho de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, comprometida con el debate general de ideas. Publica artículos de investigación jurídica o interdisciplinaria, que tengan el carácter de inéditos y originales, los cuales son evaluados por pares, externos, bajo el sistema doble ciego. La periodicidad de la revista es semestral y, a partir del año 2018, se publicará en los meses de mayo y noviembre, tanto en su soporte físico como en su versión digital. El primer número de la revista publicado en el año abarca el periodo de diciembre a mayo, y el segundo, de junio a noviembre. El público al que se dirige Derecho PUCP es principalmente: (i) investigadores en Derecho y en ciencias afines, (ii) profesionales en Derecho, y (iii) comunidad universitaria. La versión electrónica de la revista está disponible en: http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/ derechopucp Diseño de carátula e interiores: i design Diagramación de interiores: Juan Carlos García M. Cuidado de la edición: Luis Mendoza Choque y Margarita Romero Rojas Asistente administrativa: Jessica Cadenas Hernani El contenido de los artículos publicados en Derecho PUCP es responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores. ISSN: 0251-3420 Hecho el Depósito Legal en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú N° 95-0868 Primera edición: noviembre de 2017 Tiraje: 300 ejemplares Impreso en Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa Pasaje María Auxiliadora 156, Lima 5, Perú EDITOR GENERAL Abraham Siles Vallejos Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú CONSEJO EDITORIAL Armando Guevara Gil Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Betzabé Marciani Burgos Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Cecilia O’Neill de la Fuente Universidad del Pacífico Claudio Nash Rojas Universidad de Chile Marina Gascón Abellán Universidad Castilla La Mancha Martha Neme Villarreal Universidad Externado de Colombia Michele Graziadei Universidad de Turín Rémy Cabrillac Universidad de Montpellier Reynaldo Bustamante Alarcón Universidad del Pacífico Roger Merino Acuña Universidad del Pacífico Rómulo Morales Hervias Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú CONSULTORAS TEMÁTICAS Betzabé Marciani Burgos Rocío Villanueva Flores CONSEJO CONSULTIVO Antonio Ojeda Avilés Universidad de Sevilla Antônio Cançado Trindade Universidad de Cambridge César San Martín Castro Corte Suprema de Justicia del Perú Francisco Fernández Segado Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Guido Calabresi Universidad de Yale Héctor Fix Zamudio Universidad Autónoma de México Javier Pérez de Cuéllar Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Juan Gorelli Hernández Universidad de Huelva Juan María Terradillos Basoco Universidad de Cádiz Luis Prieto Sanchís Universidad Castilla La Mancha Manuel Atienza Universidad de Alicante Néstor Pedro Sagüés Universidad Complutense de Madrid Owen Fiss Universidad de Yale Peter Häberle Universidad de Freiburg Tomás Salvador Vives Universidad Complutense de Madrid Umberto Romagnoli Universidad de Bologna Derecho PUCP, N° 79, 2017 / ISSN 0251-3420 CONTENIDO LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA FILOSOFÍA DEL DERECHO EN EL RAZONAMIENTO JURÍDICO 9 Neoconstitucionalismo y argumentación jurídica ALFONSO GARCÍA FIGUEROA 33 Desafíos para la filosofía del derecho del Siglo XXI ÁNGELES RÓDENAS 47 El formalismo jurídico: un cotejo entre Jori y Schauer ANNA PINTORE 77 Gracia y justicia: el lugar de la equidad ALFONSO RUIZ MIGUEL 99 Las presunciones hominis y las inferencias probatorias JOSEP AGUILÓ REGLA 111 Sobre la pobreza cultural de una práctica (judicial) sin teoría PERFECTO ANDRÉS IBÁÑEZ 127 Intuicionismo y razonamiento moral GUILLERMO LARIGUET 151 Emoción, racionalidad y argumentación en la decisión judicial JOSÉ ENRIQUE SOTOMAYOR TRELLES 191 Subsidiariedad y tribunales internacionales de derechos humanos: ¿deferencia hacia los estados o división cooperativa del trabajo? MARISA IGLESIAS VILA 223 Derecho transnacional o la necesidad de superar el monismo y el dualismo en la teoría jurídica ISABEL TURÉGANO MANSILLA Derecho PUCP, N° 79, 2017 / ISSN 0251-3420 267 Exigibilidad de los derechos sociales: algunas aportaciones desde la teoría del derecho MIGUEL ÁNGEL PACHECO RODRÍGUEZ MISCELÁNEA 289 Derechos humanos en tiempos de inseguridad ciudadana: experiencia canadiense a la luz del derecho interamericano RENÉ PROVOST 311 La violencia de las leyes: el uso de la fuerza y la criminalización de protestas socioambientales en el Perú JOSÉ SALDAÑA CUBA / JORGE PORTOCARRERO SALCEDO Derecho PUCP, N° 79, 2017 / ISSN 0251-3420 LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA FILOSOFÍA DEL DERECHO EN EL RAZONAMIENTO JURÍDICO N° 79, 2017 pp. 9-32 https://doi.org/10.18800/derechopucp.201702.001 Neoconstitucionalismo y argumentación jurídica* Neo-Constitutionalism and Legal Reasoning ALFONSO GARCÍA FIGUEROA** Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Resumen: Este trabajo pretende explorar las funciones de la teoría de la argumentación jurídica (TAJ) en los Estados constitucionales y se concentrará en subrayar las funciones políticas y autorreflexivas de la TAJ en el marco de una teoría del Derecho neoconstitucionalista. La primera parte incluye una definición de la TAJ y un examen de sus funciones generales. En la parte final, el autor ofrece un programa para el desarrollo de una teoría neoconstitucionalista. Palabras clave: neoconstitucionalismo, teoría de la argumentación jurídica, teoría del Derecho Abstract: This paper aims to explore the functions of the theory of legal argumentation (TLA) on Constitutional States and will especially focus on the political and self-reflective functions of the TLA within the framework of a neo-constitutionalistic legal theory. The first part of the paper includes a definition of the TAL and an analysis of its main functions. At the end of the paper the author provides the bases for the development of a neo- constitutionalistic legal theory. Key words: neoconstitutionalism, theory of legal argumentation, legal theory CONTENIDO: I. COSAS DE LA CATÓLICA.– II. UNA DEFINICIÓN DE LA TAJ (TEORÍA DE LA ARGUMENTACIÓN JURÍDICA).– III. ACTIVIDAD Y ACTIVISMO JURISDICCIONALES. LA DIMENSIÓN POLÍTICA DE LA AUTORREFLEXIVIDAD EN LA TAJ.– III.1. AUTORREFLEXIVIDAD ESCÉPTICA.– III.2. AUTORREFLEXIVIDAD HERMENÉUTICA.– III.3. AUTORREFLEXIVIDAD ANALÍTICA.– IV. LAS TAJ PARADIGMÁTICAS.– V. LA TAJ COMO CONCEPTO HISTÓRICO. ¿ES LA TAJ ETNOCÉNTRICA?.– VI. LA VINCULACIÓN DEL CONCEPTO HISTÓRICO DE LA TAJ AL NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO.– VII. UN PROGRAMA NEOCONSTITUCIONALISTA. * El primer borrador de esta contribución se sometió a discusión en el IV Curso de Especialista en Justicia Constitucional, Interpretación y Aplicación de la Constitución, celebrado en Toledo, el 5 de julio de 2017. Allí se benefició de las observaciones críticas formuladas singularmente por Laura Clérico, contraponente invitada por Javier Díaz Revorio y María Luz Martínez Alarcón, con quienes también quedo, por tanto, en deuda. Mi agradecimiento debe extenderse además a las observaciones posteriores de José Juan Moreso, Luis Prieto y de dos árbitros anónimos designados por la PUCP durante el proceso de evaluación del trabajo previo a su publicación. Si bien he tratado de responder a todas las objeciones, la responsabilidad por los errores seguirá siendo exclusivamente mía. ** Profesor acreditado al Cuerpo de Catedráticos de Universidad y Titular de Filosofía del Derecho de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha en la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de Toledo (España). Código ORCID: 0000-0002-0548-7175. Correo electrónico: [email protected] I. COSAS DE LA CATÓLICA Se cuenta que, cuando a la reina Isabel de Castilla le presentaron la 10 gramática de Nebrija, lo primero que preguntó fue que para qué servía tal cosa. La reina católica cuyo sentido práctico nadie habrá de poner en cuestión a estas alturas había caído en la tentación de pensar que, al fin y al cabo, hasta entonces los hispanohablantes habían usado nuestra lengua sin necesidad de conocer las reglas que la rigen. Sin buscar especial rigor en ello, este episodio histórico guarda una cierta semejanza con la cuestión a cuya elucidación otra católica insigne nos convoca en el primer centenario de su feliz fundación: la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Seguramente, en los últimos tiempos la mayor contribución de la filosofía del Derecho al razonamiento jurídico lo constituya la teoría de la argumentación jurídica (TAJ en lo sucesivo), que se presenta a sí misma, en buena medida, como la gramática del razonamiento jurídico a la que los juristas de nuestro tiempo se ajustan en mayor o menor medida sin necesidad de una especial conciencia de tal fidelidad. ¿Qué utilidad cabe entonces esperar de la explicitación y el análisis de unas reglas que los participantes en la práctica jurídica pueden aplicar preteóricamente incluso antes
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