Ad Hoc Delegation to Observe the Parliamentary Elections in Kosovo
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
AD HOC DELEGATION TO OBSERVE THE PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN KOSOVO (17 November 2007) Election observation mission 16-18 November 2007 Report by Mrs Doris PACK, Chairperson of the delegation Annexes: A. List of participants B. Programme C. Press release by the International Election Observation Mission (18/11/2007) D. Preliminary statement of the International Election Observation Mission (18/11/2007) E. Results Table 1 Introduction At its meeting of 17 October 2007, the Conference of Presidents decided to authorise the sending of a seven-member election observation delegation to observe the legislative elections in Kosovo of 17 November 2007. According to the D'Hondt system, the distribution of seats was decided as follows: - 3 seats to the EPP-ED, - 2 seats to the PES, - 1 seat to the Greens/ALE and - 1 seat to the ITS. The EPP-ED appointed Mrs Doris Pack and Mr Marian-Jean Marinescu. It also decided to ceade 1 seat to the PES Group. Mr Marinescu then withdrew from the delegation, whilst the seat attributed to the PES Group was taken by Mr Hannes Swoboda. The PES Group appointed Mr Csaba Tabajdi and Mr Göran Färm. The Greens/ALE appointed Mrs Gisela Kallenbach. The ITS Group appointed Mr Andreas Mölzer. Mr Mölzer then withdrew from the delegation, and his Group decided to ceade 1 seat to the UEN Group. This seat was taken by Mr Ryszard Czarnecki. The final composition of the Delegation was therefore: Ms Doris Pack - PPE-DE, Mr Hannes Swoboda - PES, Mr Csaba Tabajdi - PES, Mr Göran Färm - PES, Mr Ryszard Czarnecki - UEN, Ms Gisela Kallenbach - Verts/ALE. At the constituent meeting of the delegation, Ms Doris Pack was elected Chairperson of the delegation and Mr Hannes Swoboda was appointed Vice-Chair. At the same meeting the deployment of the mission was decided upon. Members exchanged views on the programme and on the political situation in Kosovo and heared briefings of the European Commission (Mr Kaldoun Sinno) and of the General Secretariat of the Council (Mr Stefan Tressing and Mrs Anna Maria Boura). With regard to deployment, it was decided that the delegation would split in five teams that would go to Pristina, Prizren, Peja/Pec, Ferizaj/Urosevac-Gjilane, Novo Brdo and Strepsa, and Mitrovica North and South. Political Background The elections in Kosovo were a sensitive subject in the light of the future status issue. Ongoing talks between the Serbs and Kosovo are contentious and have thrown a spotlight on the region. Following the war, Kosovo remains a disputed province and an international security and civil presence remains on the ground. After the rejection of the Ahtisaari plan which aimed to set Kosovo on a path to independence, talks between the two parties continued 2 on the status, assisted by the Contact Group (US, UK, France, Italy, Germany and Russia). However Belgrade and Pristina remain polarised in their demands and there appears little opportunity of bridging the gap between them due to the fact that neither is ready to cede their principle demands. The Kosovar Albanians will not accept anything less than full independence, whilst the Serbs will simply not agree to this. The Kosovar Albanians had made clear their determination to resolve the final status issue by 10 December 2007, which was the deadline for the Contact Group-led talks, even if this would mean a unilateral declaration of independence. This ongoing status question somewhat overshadowed the election process although there was an agreement between the Kosovar political entities not to let it dominate the electoral campaign. This was the fifth election organised in Kosovo since the 1999 war and provided a good opportunity for the local authorities to prove that they could run credible elections, although there was substantial aid provided by the OSCE. The legislative elections were intended to fill up 100 seats in the unicameral assembly, which actually consists of 120 members. Twenty seats are reserved for ethnic minorities. The system of set-aside seats was introduced in 2001 to ensure representation of smaller communities in the Assembly. The set-aside seats are allocated as follows: ten seats are reserved for the Kosovo Serb community in proportion to the number of votes parties receive in the election. The remaining ten seats are divided amongst Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian (4), the Bosnian (3), the Turkish (2) and the Gorani community (1). Previous elections had being regarded by international observers as largely credible and democratic, although there had been continual concerns regarding the lack of participation by the Serbian minority. Voter participation was on the whole regarded as a problem as repeatedly low voter turn-out was regarded as a sign of voter dissatisfaction towards the political class. For the first time this election was conducted on an open list system. It was believed that instituting an electoral system with open lists would encourage political parties to nominate new, often popular figures to stand in the elections. It would enable voters to directly choose not only the party, but also the candidates from a party list. There was a belief that this new system would prove to be more democratic as it would encourage greater links between the candidates and the citizens. Although this was the fifth election to take place since the war, the organisation of the election was shared between the OSCE and the Central Election Committee (CEC), with the OSCE retaining responsibility for more sensitive areas including political party registration and the management of the voters list. The CEC is responsible for the conduct of elections in Kosovo. It regulates the electoral process by adopting Electoral Rules and supervising all aspects of the process to ensure that the elections meet international standards. 3 In total 26 parties and political entities submitted lists for the legislative elections, of which 8 were Serbian. It was however unclear just what attitude Serbian minorities would take regarding the elections and whether or not they would boycott it as they did in 2004. The UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) reported that Serbian officials had been discouraging Serbian minorities from voting and reports on the ground suggested that Serbian local authorities had been obstructing the organisation of the election through such measures as not allowing schools and other public buildings to be used as voting stations. Some of the Serbian political entities expressed their desire to withdraw their names from the ballot due to pressure. This included threats of financial sanctions and in some cases this reportedly went as far as physical intimidation. Belgrade had issued a call for the Serbian minorities to boycott the election. The European Parliament was the main Parliamentary body observing these elections along with the Council of Europe Head of Mission and a delegation of the Council of Europe’s Congress of Local and Regional Authorities. The legislative elections were held at the same time as elections for Municipal Assemblies and Mayors. Programme of the Delegation Friday, 16 November Meetings with representatives of EU institutions: - Mr Renzo Daviddi, Head of the European Commission Liaison Office to Kosovo - Ms Karin Limdal, Public Information Advisor, Planning Team for the EU Rule of Law Mission - Mr Jonas Jonsson, Head of the Preparation Team of the International Civilian Office Mr Renzo Daviddi welcomed the European Parliament delegation and invited the representatives of the EU Planning Team and Preparation Team of the ICO to brief the members on the state of play of the EU presence in Kosovo. Ms Limdal stated that despite political uncertainties, the preparation for the ESDP Mission had continued and was now entering its final stages. Mr Casper Klynge had been appointed on 2 May 2006 by the Political and Security Council as head of mission. The mission would be involved in three areas, namely: justice, police and customs. It would have a mandate of two years. The main objective of the mission is to promote local ownership and retain limited executive and correctional powers in the following areas: inter-ethnic crime, war crimes, terrorism, corruption, organized crime, financial crimes and property issues. Concerning human resources, the mission will be working with 1800 international staff and about 1000 local staff. 4 Mr Jonas Jonsson stressed that the ICO was ready to take over its responsibilities. The ICO-EUSR Preparation Team was planning a possible future international civilian presence in Kosovo after a status settlement, with a view to overseeing the implementation of an anticipated status settlement. The Preparation Team was also involved, in close cooperation with the transitional administration of the United Nations (UNMIK) and the Kosovo authorities, in preparing those authorities for the new responsibilities that would fall upon them following a settlement. Mr Renzo Daviddi added that there might be problems in accepting a strong international presence with considerable executive powers, once the status is settled. At the same time, Mr Daviddi underlined that the urgency of resolving the question of the status was evident, not only from a political point of view, but also from an economic perspective. The economic development of Kosovo is directly linked with the status situation. Meeting with Heads of EU Member States Offices Permanent Representatives from Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Romania and the United Kingdom welcomed the delegation of the European Parliament to Kosovo and exchanged views with regard to the electoral process, the status negotiations, the situation of minorities in Kosovo and the EU involvement in the area. During the meeting the following conclusions were drawn: • EU reaction after 10 December: After the 10th of December, pending the result of negotiations, it was important that the EU shows consensus and speaks with one voice.