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Iconography of the Recently Discovered Naga Sculptures from Pamba River Basin, Pathanamthitta District, South Kerala
Iconography of the Recently Discovered Naga Sculptures from Pamba River Basin, Pathanamthitta District, South Kerala Ambily C.S.1, Ajit Kumar2 and Vinod Pancharath3 1. Excavation Branch II, Archaeological survey of India, Purana Qila, New Delhi – 110001, India (Email: [email protected]) 2. Department of Archaeology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram - 695581, Kerala, India (Email: [email protected]) 3. Industrial Design Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (Email: [email protected]) Received: 25 September 2015; Accepted: 18 October 2015; Revised: 09 November 2015 Heritage: Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology 3 (2015): 618-634 Abstract: Recent exploration by the first author brought to light interesting Naga sculptures from the middle ranges of Pamba River basin. All the sculptures are made out of granite and can be classified into Nagarajas and Nagayakshis except one which is a female naga devotee. This paper tries to briefly discuss the iconography, chronology and significance of the sculptures. Keywords: Exploration, Pamba River Basin, Kerala, Nagarajas, Nagayakshis, Iconography, Chronology Introduction Pamba is one of the important and third longest rivers in Kerala. It is apparently the river Baris/Bans mentioned in records of Pliny (Menon 1967-62). It originates from Pulachimalai hill in Peermade plateau at an altitude of 1650 MSL and has a length of 176km. It flows through Idukki, Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha districts and finally empties into the Vembanadu Lake. During medieval period Pamba basin harbored prosperous settlement like Kaviyur, Thiruvanmandoor, Perunnayil and Thiruvalla. Naga and yakshi images have earlier been reported from Niranam-Tiruvalla area (Mathew 2006). The present discoveries add to the list of known images. -
Particulars of Some Temples of Kerala Contents Particulars of Some
Particulars of some temples of Kerala Contents Particulars of some temples of Kerala .............................................. 1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 9 Temples of Kerala ................................................................................. 10 Temples of Kerala- an over view .................................................... 16 1. Achan Koil Dharma Sastha ...................................................... 23 2. Alathiyur Perumthiri(Hanuman) koil ................................. 24 3. Randu Moorthi temple of Alathur......................................... 27 4. Ambalappuzha Krishnan temple ........................................... 28 5. Amedha Saptha Mathruka Temple ....................................... 31 6. Ananteswar temple of Manjeswar ........................................ 35 7. Anchumana temple , Padivattam, Edapalli....................... 36 8. Aranmula Parthasarathy Temple ......................................... 38 9. Arathil Bhagawathi temple ..................................................... 41 10. Arpuda Narayana temple, Thirukodithaanam ................. 45 11. Aryankavu Dharma Sastha ...................................................... 47 12. Athingal Bhairavi temple ......................................................... 48 13. Attukkal BHagawathy Kshethram, Trivandrum ............. 50 14. Ayilur Akhileswaran (Shiva) and Sri Krishna temples ........................................................................................................... -
In the Hindu Temples of Kerala Gilles Tarabout
Spots of Wilderness. ’Nature’ in the Hindu Temples of Kerala Gilles Tarabout To cite this version: Gilles Tarabout. Spots of Wilderness. ’Nature’ in the Hindu Temples of Kerala. Rivista degli Studi Orientali, Fabrizio Serra editore, 2015, The Human Person and Nature in Classical and Modern India, eds. R. Torella & G. Milanetti, Supplemento n°2 alla Rivista Degli Studi Orientali, n.s., vol. LXXXVIII, pp.23-43. hal-01306640 HAL Id: hal-01306640 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01306640 Submitted on 25 Apr 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Published in Supplemento n°2 alla Rivista Degli Studi Orientali, n.s., vol. LXXXVIII, 2015 (‘The Human Person and Nature in Classical and Modern India’, R. Torella & G. Milanetti, eds.), pp.23-43; in the publication the photos are in B & W. /p. 23/ Spots of Wilderness. ‘Nature’ in the Hindu Temples of Kerala Gilles Tarabout CNRS, Laboratoire d’Ethnologie et de Sociologie Comparative Many Hindu temples in Kerala are called ‘groves’ (kāvu), and encapsulate an effective grove – a small spot where shrubs and trees are said to grow ‘wildly’. There live numerous divine entities, serpent gods and other ambivalent deities or ghosts, subordinated to the presiding god/goddess of the temple installed in the main shrine. -
Ecology and Management of Sacred Groves in Kerala, India
Forest Ecology and Management 112 (1998) 165±177 Ecology and management of sacred groves in Kerala, India U.M. Chandrashekara*, S. Sankar Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi 680 653, Kerala, India Received 10 September 1997; accepted 5 May 1998 Abstract In Kerala, based on management systems, sacred groves can be categorised into three groups namely those managed by individual families, by groups of families and by the statutory agencies for temple management (Devaswom Board). Ollur Kavu, S.N. Puram Kavu and Iringole Kavu which represent above mentioned management systems, respectively, were studied for their tree species composition and vegetation structure. The study was also designed to assess the strengths and weaknesses of present management systems and role of different stakeholder groups in conserving the sacred groves. Of the three sacred groves, the one managed by individual family (Ollur Kavu) is highly disturbed as indicated by low stem density of mature trees (367 ha1) and poor regeneration potential with the ratio between mature trees and saplings is 1:0.4. In order to quantify the level of disturbance in these sacred groves, Ramakrishnan index of stand quality (RISQ) was calculated. The values obtained for all the three tree layers (i.e., mature trees, saplings and seedlings) in single family managed sacred grove (Ollur Kavu) was between 2.265 and 2.731, an indicator of the dominance of light demanding species in the population, suggested that the grove is highly disturbed one. Whereas, other two sacred groves are less disturbed as indicated by lower `RISQ' values (between 1.319 and 1.648). -
Intimate Ceremony: Ceramic Bath Accessories
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 11-15-2001 Intimate ceremony: Ceramic bath accessories Kelly Clark Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Clark, Kelly, "Intimate ceremony: Ceramic bath accessories" (2001). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Rochester Institute ofTechnology A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Imaging Arts and Sciences in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Fine Arts Intimate Ceremony: Ceramic Bath Accessories by Kelly Fielding Clark 11-15-2001 Final Approvals ChiefAdvisor A9e-4 e c /1~-~ print name signature Date / Associate Advisor jl;LL. "t iTItt-- i C(A//fvf print name signature Date signature Date SAC Chairman pnntname signature Date I, Cl ~ ,hereby deny permission to the Wallace Memorial Library of T to reproduce my thesis in whole or in part. Please refer any party wishing access to this thesis to me directly at Date II-IS;,. ot__ TABLE OF CONTENTS Thesis Proposal 1 Preface 2 Introduction 3 Ritual 5 Historical Research 7 The Work 26 Conclusions 30 Appendix I (technical information) 31 Appendix II (color plates) 32 Personal Glossary 47 Bibliography 48 THESIS PROPOSAL Forms for containers that serve specifically as accessories to the bathing ritual existed in nearly every early culture, the most recognized being those of ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. -
Sacred Groves of India : an Annotated Bibliography
SACRED GROVES OF INDIA : AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Kailash C. Malhotra Yogesh Gokhale Ketaki Das [ LOGO OF INSA & DA] INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY AND DEVELOPMENT ALLIANCE Sacred Groves of India: An Annotated Bibliography Cover image: A sacred grove from Kerala. Photo: Dr. N. V. Nair © Development Alliance, New Delhi. M-170, Lower Ground Floor, Greater Kailash II, New Delhi – 110 048. Tel – 091-11-6235377 Fax – 091-11-6282373 Website: www.dev-alliance.com FOREWORD In recent years, the significance of sacred groves, patches of near natural vegetation dedicated to ancestral spirits/deities and preserved on the basis of religious beliefs, has assumed immense anthropological and ecological importance. The authors have done a commendable job in putting together 146 published works on sacred groves of India in the form of an annotated bibliography. This work, it is hoped, will be of use to policy makers, anthropologists, ecologists, Forest Departments and NGOs. This publication has been prepared on behalf of the National Committee for Scientific Committee on Problems of Environment (SCOPE). On behalf of the SCOPE National Committee, and the authors of this work, I express my sincere gratitude to the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi and Development Alliance, New Delhi for publishing this bibliography on sacred groves. August, 2001 Kailash C. Malhotra, FASc, FNA Chairman, SCOPE National Committee PREFACE In recent years, the significance of sacred groves, patches of near natural vegetation dedicated to ancestral spirits/deities and preserved on the basis of religious beliefs, has assumed immense importance from the point of view of anthropological and ecological considerations. During the last three decades a number of studies have been conducted in different parts of the country and among diverse communities covering various dimensions, in particular cultural and ecological, of the sacred groves. -
2005, 21/06/2021 P`Kasana : Baart Sarkar Vyaapar Icanh Rijast/I Esa
Trade Marks Journal No: 2005, 21/06/2021 Reg. No. TECH/47-714/MBI/2000 Registered as News Paper p`kaSana : Baart sarkar vyaapar icanh rijasT/I esa.ema.raoD eMTa^p ihla ko pasa paosT Aa^ifsa ko pasa vaDalaa mauMba[- 400037 durBaaYa : 022 24101144 ,24101177 ,24148251 ,24112211. Published by: The Government of India, Office of The Trade Marks Registry, Baudhik Sampada Bhavan (I.P. Bhavan) Near Antop Hill, Head Post Office, S.M. Road, Mumbai-400037. Tel: 022 24101144, 24101177, 24148251, 24112211. 1 Trade Marks Journal No: 2005, 21/06/2021 Anauk/maiNaka INDEX AiQakairk saucanaaeM Official Notes vyaapar icanh rijasT/IkrNa kayaa-laya ka AiQakar xao~ Jurisdiction of Offices of the Trade Marks Registry sauiBannata ko baaro maoM rijaYT/ar kao p`arMiBak salaah AaoOr Kaoja ko ilayao inavaodna Preliminary advice by Registrar as to distinctiveness and request for search saMbaw icanh Associated Marks ivaraoQa Opposition ivaiQak p`maaNa p`~ iT.ema.46 pr AnauraoQa Legal Certificate/ Request on Form TM-46 k^apIra[T p`maaNa p`~ Copyright Certificate t%kala kaya- Operation Tatkal saava-jainak saucanaaeM Public Notices iva&aipt Aavaodna Applications advertised class-wise: 2 Trade Marks Journal No: 2005, 21/06/2021 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 1 11-128 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 2 129-167 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 3 168-439 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 4 440-472 vagavagavaga-vaga--- / Class - 5 473-1696 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 6 1697-1790 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 7 1791-1886 vagavagavaga-vaga--- /// Class - 8 1887-1923 -
Conserving Water & Biodiversity: Traditions of Sacred Groves in India
European Journal of Sustainable Development (2016), 5, 4, 129-140 ISSN: 2239-5938 Doi: 10.14207/ejsd.2016.v5n4p129 Conserving Water & Biodiversity: Traditions of Sacred Groves in India Mala Agarwal1 Abstract Sacred groves, a wide spread phenomenon in cultures across the world, are often associated with religion & culture, are instrumental in preserving biodiversity and nature without being questioned. Scattered all over India e.g. scrub forests in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan maintained by the Bishnois, Hariyali in Uttarakhand, Shinpin in Himachal Pradesh and associated with religion they are often sacrosanct. The sacred groves are self sustained ecosystem and conserve the endemic, endangered & threatened species, medicinal plants and wide variety of cultivars. Water and soil conservation is the most well documented ecological service provided by the sacred groves that helps prevent flash floods and ensures supply of water in lean season in the desert of Rajasthan. Encountering threats like fragmentation, urbanization, and overexploitation now they need governmental support to exist e.g. Introduction of the ‘Protected Area Category Community Reserves’ under the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002. Key words-Water conservation, eco-system, bio diversity, sacred groves. 1. Introduction Sacred Groves are considered as “Sacred Natural Sites” (IUCN) [1].These are the relic forest patches preserved in the name of religion & culture. They extend from Asia, Africa, and Europe to America mostly in Africa and Asia [2]. In India, Groves are present from North-east Himalayan region, Western & Eastern Ghats, Coastal region, Central Indian Plateau and Western desert [3]. Indian sacred groves have pre-Vedic origin. They are associated with indigenous / tribal communities who believe in divinity of nature and natural resources. -
Hideaway Spa Signature Treatments
HIDEAWAY SPA SIGNATURE TREATMENTS LOMI MASSAGE A beautiful massage ideal for island weather! This energizing treatment restores balance and harmony between the mind and body. You will be taken to a peaceful place to relieve stress and restore physical and mental being. 60 min, $120++ PAPAYA SCRUB Experience this tropical bliss using home grown papaya, rich in Vitamin E, Vitamin C and anti-oxidants. Great treatment to exfoliate from head to toe, leaving your skin glowing, soft and hydrated. 50 min, $100++ HIDEAWAY SPA HOLLISTIC TREATMENTS DORISSIMA D1-D7 SIGNATURE TREATMENTS 120MIN - $220++ D1 EMPOWERMENT RITUAL D5 CLEARING RITUAL Your journey begins with body brushing followed by Hot Stone You will be taken on a journey to greater clarity of mind.We begin massage. You will then be cocooned in body mask and receive by full body exfoliation followed by a body mask and purifying hot stones foot massage for total relaxation. facial leaving you feeling utterly relaxed. D2 UPLIFTING RITUAL D6 INSPIRING RITUAL Perfect treatment for those wanting to regain sense of joy and This treatment starts with an invigorating body scrub based happiness! The ritual begins with invigorating body brushing on the Ayuverdic philosophy. You will then receive full body followed by Ylang- Ylang, Orange & Lemongrass Therapy massage with warm oils that will bring your body into balance. Massage. You will then receive a stimulating scalp massage while While wrapped in softening body mask, heated sesame oil will be cocooned in Orange body mask. poured onto the third eye, bringing peace and clarity to the mind. D3 CONFIDENCE RITUAL D7 SPIRIT RITUAL This ritual starts with full body exfoliation using Honey and This ritual begins with a full body exfoliation to prepare you for Himalayan Salt leaving your skin radiant and glowing. -
Snakes, Dragons and Cultures
Nagapanchami 081/070816 nag PanChmi: snakes, dragons and Cultures Jawhar Sircar Ananda Bazar Patrika, 7th August 2016 (English Version) The month of Shravan brings joy to poets and also to farmers, but it also brings numerous snakes out of their flooded homes, triggering both fear and worship. This explains why many Indians celebrate Naga Panchami on Shravan Shukla Panchami, on the 7th of August this year. The snake is more than just an awe-inspiring creature: it actually marks different stages in the gradual evolution of the Indian mind, over centuries and millennia. We could begin from Janamejaya who personified the Western-Aryan hatred for the serpent, but we will reach a stage when the same animal found veneration, as Naga-raja or Manasa. The two, incidentally, are quite different, as one is a male snake and the other is surely a female deity. One can forgive this mistake, because it is not very safe to get too close to examine a snake's gender, even while worshipping. The serpent bears evidence of many conflicts, like the one between the wheat-eating Indo-Europeans of the West and the rice-loving civilisations of the East. After all, rice cultivation was hardly possible without water and this necessitated a better adjustment with eco-systems where snakes lived in plenty, but were not usually aggressive or venomous, unless attacked. In its legends are traces of the perennial struggle between ‘formal’ and ‘folk’ cultures. Manasa in Bengal was primarily folk, but later formalized as Padmavati, who was born from Shiva’s semen that fell on a lotus plant. -
Stakeholder Motivation for the Conservation of Sacred Groves in South India: an Analysis of Environmental Perceptions of Rural and Urban Neighbourhood T Communities
Land Use Policy 89 (2019) 104213 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Land Use Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/landusepol Stakeholder motivation for the conservation of sacred groves in south India: An analysis of environmental perceptions of rural and urban neighbourhood T communities U. Prashanth Ballullayaa, K.S. Reshmia, T.P. Rajesha, K. Manoja, Margaret Lowmanb, ⁎ Palatty Allesh Sinua,b, a Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Periya 671316, Kerala, India b California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Sacred groves (SGs) of south India are the local communities’ self-enforced spiritual institutions, which contain Sacred forests natural forests and swamps. Thus, the communities’ faith in traditional rituals and local deities are important for Biocultural conservation their existence. SGs preserve cultural practices of ethnic communities and conserve biodiversity. Although most Cultural forest of these groves can be found in rural areas, rapid urban annexation is changing their landscapes. We hypothesise Cultural diversity that the landscape type (rural versus urban) and the deity type of the SGs among other factors might affect the Deity communities’ spiritual and environmental perceptions of SGs. This study was conducted in rural highlands of the Environmental perception Environmental policy Western Ghats in Kodagu and adjoining urban lowlands in Kasaragod. We found that the urban communities Conservation valued SGs, not only for their spiritual importance but also for their environmental merits. Both urban and rural Community-conserved area communities were cautious enough not to access or abuse the SGs. This behaviour also depended on the deity Religion that was housed in the SG. -
Id Fda Cosmetic Talc Study 1973 Lewin
DEPARTMEr-.-T OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE ~~~~~---. '.'.'.'.'.-.--' EMORANDUM PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE FOO D AJ" D DRUG ADMINISTRATION . 1--ic ZD .•• •••••.- ..- -~, : : : : . Dr. Robert M. Schaffner, Director July 31, 1973 ; .•~•. - ..•.•••••••....•-•. Office of Technology (BF-400) \ ' •... ~.,.• •••.••...•.•.- •. Dr. Alfred Weissler, Acting Director .•.•.':. ~ •.•••:.- ••.-•. :;. Division of Color Technology (BF-430) YECT: Summary and Comments on Prof. Lewin's Analytical Results for Asbestos in Talc .:.-.......•.•••-'- ....•.~ 1. The purposes of this memorandum are to present a summary of the analytical results for asbestos in Cosmetic talcum-type powders obtained by Prof. Seymour Z. Lewin of New York University in his role of consult ant to FDA; to compare his results with those obtained by other labora .:.•. •.": •.• .•••.•...•.. tories on some of the same samples; and to make some comments on the gen eral question of suitable techniques for the analysis of asbestos in talc. .•.•.• ...: ::.-: ::: 2. I asked Dr. Lewin in December 1971 to undertake asbestos analyses in 100 samples of cosmetic powders; the scope was expanded on two subsequent ::::::::::::; occasions, to include a total of 195 samples. I chose Dr. Lewin for this work because he is an internationally-recognized expert on mineralogical A::::::::: : :: chemistry and because he is a member of the academic community and there .••..•.•.•:: .. : ::. fore likely to be impartial in a confrontation between industry and government. Furthermore, his competence had previously been recognized : ::::::::: : by industry (by virtue of their own use. of him as a consultant) whi~h appeared to confer a desirable immunity against possible industry attacks ; ••:: :::_.:: : on the validity of the results. 3. Dr. Lewin's ·findings are shown in Table I; the key to the identities of the numbered samples is given in Table IV.