DOCSLIB.ORG

Heat Pump Refrigeration System – Heating Mode

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Heat Pump Refrigeration System – Heating Mode Heat Pump Refrigeration System – Heating Mode Reversing Valve: 4-way slide Coaxial Heat Exchanger: Transfers action valve that reverses the heat energy from the water being Colder Water refrigerant flow direction to the Water In circulated through the exchanger to Out heat exchangers. In heating the cold, boiling refrigerant. The mode, the valve coil is 4 water is cooled by this process. de-energized and the hot 4 3 refrigerant vapor from the compressor is diverted into Filter-Drier: the airside coil. Removes water, debris and other contaminants from the refrigerant. Cold Air Warm Air Thermostatic Expansion Valve: Separates the high 2 side from the low 1 side by creating a Accumulator: large pressure drop Prevents liquid across the valve. refrigerant from Compressor: Removes the refrigerant Refrigerant is entering the vapor from the low side of the system metered into the compressor. and pumps it into the high side. Airside Coil: Transfers heat low side to maintain energy from the hot refrigerant a preset superheat, vapor to the cold air, heating therefore utilizing REFRIGERANT PROPERTIES the air and causing the all of the heat Location Refrigerant State T, ºF Pressure, psig Superheat/Subcool refrigerant to condense. exchanger. 1 Hot Vapor 135 250 50°F Superheat 2 Warm Liquid 70 250 15°F Subcool 3 Saturated Liquid-Vapor Mix ~35 105 4 Cold Vapor 45 105 10°F Superheat 00.TAP.NB005 R1 1-2011 RG Water entering the coaxial heat exchanger is cooled through the heat being absorbed by the refrigerant and typically leaves about 6ºF cooler. Copyright © 2011 Greenheck Fan Corp. Heat Pump Refrigeration System – Cooling Mode Reversing Valve: 4-way slide Coaxial Heat Exchanger: Transfers action valve that reverses the heat energy from the hot refrigerant Warmer Water refrigerant flow direction to the Water In vapor to the cooler water being Out heat exchangers. In cooling circulated through the exchanger. The mode, the valve coil is energized water is warmed by this process. and the hot refrigerant vapor 1 2 from the compressor is diverted into the water-to-refrigerant heat Filter-Drier: exchanger. Removes water, debris and other contaminants from the refrigerant. Warm Air Cold Air Thermostatic Expansion Valve: Separates the high side from the low 4 3 side by creating a large pressure drop Accumulator: across the valve. Prevents liquid Refrigerant is refrigerant from Compressor: Removes the refrigerant metered into the entering the vapor from the low side of the system low side to maintain compressor. and pumps it into the high side. Airside Coil: Transfers heat a preset superheat, energy from the warm and therefore utilizing humid air to the cool, boiling all of the heat REFRIGERANT PROPERTIES refrigerant—cooling the air. exchanger. Location Refrigerant State T, ºF Pressure, psig Superheat/Subcool 1 Hot Vapor 150 320 50°F Superheat 2 Warm Liquid 85 320 15°F Subcool 3 Saturated Liquid-Vapor Mix ~45 130 4 Cold Vapor 55 130 10°F Superheat Water entering the coaxial heat exchanger is warmed by the heat it absorbs from the refrigerant and typically leaves about 10ºF warmer..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Best Practices in Central Heat Pump Water Heating
    MAR 2018 Heat Pumps Are Not Boilers ACEEE – HOT WATER FORUM 2018 | Shawn Oram, PE, LEED AP Director of Engineering & Design ECOTOPE.COM • OVERVIEW • END GAME • WHAT’S AVAILABLE NOW • PROBLEMS WE ARE SEEING • MARKET DEVELOPMENT NEEDS • QUESTIONS AGENDA ECOTOPE.COM 2 Common Space Heat, Seattle 2014 Benchmarking Data 5 DHW Heat, 10 Median EUI (kBtu/SF/yr) Unit Space 1/3 OF THE LOAD IS Heat, 5 TEMPERATURE MAINTAINANCE Lowrise EUI = 32 Unit Non- Common Heat, 10 Non-Heat, Midrise EUI = 36 10 2009 Multifamily EUI (KBTU/Sf/Yr) Highrise EUI = 51 Breakdown By Energy End Use Type MULTIFAMILY ENERGY END USES ECOTOPE.COM 3 “Heat Pumps Move Heat” Optimize storage design to use coldest water possible HEAT PUMP WATER HEATING ECOTOPE.COM 4 R-717 0 BETTER CO2 Variable Capacity | SANDEN, R-744 1 MAYEKAWA, MITSUBISHI Eco-Cute R-1270 2 GWP OF SELECTED REFRIGERANTS R-290 3 (Carbon Dioxide Equivalents, CO2e) R-600a 3 Proposed HFO replacement refrigerant R-1234yf 4 R-1150 4 R-1234ze 6 Refrigerants have 10% of the climate R-170 6 forcing impact of CO2 Emissions R-152a 124 Fixed Capacity| MOST HPWH’s R-32 675 COLMAC, AO SMITH R-134a 1430 R-407C 1744 Variable Capacity | PHNIX, R-22 1810 ALTHERMA, VERSATI R-410A 2088 Fixed Capacity| AERMEC R-125 3500 R-404A 3922 R-502 4657 WORSE R-12 10900 REFRIGERANT TYPES ECOTOPE.COM 5 • No Refrigerant • 20-30% Less Energy • Quiet • GE/Oak Ridge Pilot • Ready for Market -2020 MAGNETO-CALORIC HEAT PUMP ECOTOPE.COM 6 140˚ 120˚ HOT WATER HEAT PUMP HOT WATER HEAT PUMP STORAGE WATER STORAGE WATER HEATER HEATER 50˚ 110˚ Heat the water up to usable Heat the water up 10-15 degrees temp in a single pass.
    [Show full text]
  • The Potential and Challenges of Solar Boosted Heat Pumps for Domestic Hot Water Heating
    Solar Calorimetry Laboratory The Potential and Challenges of Solar Boosted Heat Pumps for Domestic Hot Water Heating Stephen Harrison Ph.D., P. Eng., Solar Calorimetry Laboratory, Dept. of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada Solar Calorimetry Laboratory Background • As many groups try to improve energy efficiency in residences, hot water heating loads remain a significant energy demand. • Even in heating-dominated climates, energy use for hot water production represents ~ 20% of a building’s annual energy consumption. • Many jurisdictions are imposing, or considering regulations, specifying higher hot water heating efficiencies. – New EU requirements will effectively require the use of either heat pumps or solar heating systems for domestic hot water production – In the USA, for storage systems above (i.e., 208 L) capacity, similar regulations currently apply Canadian residential sector energy consumption (Source: CBEEDAC) Solar Calorimetry Laboratory Solar and HP water heaters • Both solar-thermal and air-source heat pumps can achieve efficiencies above 100% based on their primary energy consumption. • Both technologies are well developed, but have limitations in many climatic regions. • In particular, colder ambient temperatures lower the performance of these units making them less attractive than alternative, more conventional, water heating approaches. Solar Collector • Another drawback relates to the requirement to have an auxiliary heat source to supplement the solar or heat pump unit,
    [Show full text]
  • Refrigerant Selection and Cycle Development for a High Temperature Vapor Compression Heat Pump
    Refrigerant Selection and Cycle Development for a High Temperature Vapor Compression Heat Pump Heinz Moisia*, Renè Riebererb aResearch Assistant, Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/B, 8010 Graz, Austria bAssociate Professor, Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/B, 8010 Graz, Austria Abstract Different technological challenges have to be met in the course of the development of a high temperature vapor compression heat pump. In certain points of operation, high temperature refrigerants can show condensation during the compression which may lead to compressor damage. As a consequence, high suction gas superheat up to 20 K can be necessary. Furthermore high compressor outlet temperatures caused by high heat sink outlet temperatures (approx. 110 °C) and high pressure ratios can lead to problems with the compressor lubricant. In order to meet these challenges different refrigerant and cycle configurations have been investigated by means of simulation. Thermodynamic properties as well as legal and availability aspects have been considered for the refrigerant selection. The focus of the cycle configurations has been set on the realization of the required suction gas superheat. Therefore the possibility of an internal heat exchanger and a suction gas cooled compressor has been investigated. The simulation results showed a COP increase of up to +11 % due to the fact that the main part of the suction gas superheat has not been provided in the evaporator. Furthermore, the effect of increased subcooling has been investigated for a single stage cycle with internal heat exchanger. The results showed a COP of 3.4 with a subcooling of 25 K at a temperature lift of approximately 60 K for the refrigerant R600 (n-butane).
    [Show full text]
  • High Temperature Heat Pump Using HFO and HCFO Refrigerants
    Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning School of Mechanical Engineering Conference 2018 High temperature heat pump using HFO and HCFO refrigerants - System design, simulation, and first experimental results Cordin Arpagaus NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Frédéric Bless NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Michael Uhlmann NTB University of Applied Sciences in Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Elias Büchel NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Stefan Frei NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc Arpagaus, Cordin; Bless, Frédéric; Uhlmann, Michael; Büchel, Elias; Frei, Stefan; Schiffmann, Jürg; and Bertsch, Stefan, "High temperature heat pump using HFO and HCFO refrigerants - System design, simulation, and first experimental results" (2018). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper 1875. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/1875 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • Performance of a Heat Pump Water Heater in the Hot-Humid Climate, Windermere, Florida
    BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES OFFICE Building America Case Study Technology Solutions for New and Existing Homes Performance of a Heat Pump Water Heater in the Hot-Humid Climate Windermere, Florida Over recent years, heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) have become more read- PROJECT INFORMATION ily available and more widely adopted in the marketplace. A key feature of an Project Name: Systems Evaluation at HPWH unit is that it is a hybrid system. When conditions are favorable, the unit the Cool Energy House will operate in heat pump mode (using a vapor compression system that extracts Location: Windermere, FL heat from the surrounding air) to efficiently provide domestic hot water (DHW). Partners: Homeowners need not adjust their behavior to conform to the heat pump’s Southern Traditions Development capabilities. If a heat pump cannot meet a higher water draw demand, the heater http://southerntraditionsdev.com/ will switch to electric resistance to provide a higher heating rate. This flexibility Consortium for Advanced provides the energy savings of heat pump mode (when possible) while perform- Residential Buildings www.carb-swa.com ing as an electric resistance water heater (ERWH) during periods of high DHW demand. Furthermore, an HPWH’s operational byproduct is cooling and dehu- Building Component: Domestic hot water midification, which can be particularly beneficial in hot-humid climates. Application: Retrofit, single family For a 6-month period, the Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings, a Year Tested: 2012 U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, monitored the performance Applicable Climate Zone(s): Hot-humid of a GE Geospring HPWH in Windermere, Florida. The study included hourly energy simulation analysis using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s PERFORMANCE DATA Building Energy Optimization-Energy Plus (BEopt) v1.3 software.
    [Show full text]
  • Design of a Heat Pump Assisted Solar Thermal System Kyle G
    Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs International High Performance Buildings School of Mechanical Engineering Conference 2014 Design of a Heat Pump Assisted Solar Thermal System Kyle G. Krockenberger Purdue University, United States of America / Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, [email protected] John M. DeGrove [email protected] William J. Hutzel [email protected] J. Christopher Foreman [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ihpbc Krockenberger, Kyle G.; DeGrove, John M.; Hutzel, William J.; and Foreman, J. Christopher, "Design of a Heat Pump Assisted Solar Thermal System" (2014). International High Performance Buildings Conference. Paper 146. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ihpbc/146 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Complete proceedings may be acquired in print and on CD-ROM directly from the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories at https://engineering.purdue.edu/ Herrick/Events/orderlit.html 3572 , Page 1 Design of a Heat Pump Assisted Solar Thermal System Kyle G. KROCKENBERGER 1*, John M. DEGROVE 1*, William J. HUTZEL 1, J. Chris FOREMAN 2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. [email protected] * Corresponding Author ABSTRACT This paper outlines the design of an active solar thermal loop system that will be integrated with an air source heat pump hot water heater to provide highly efficient heating of a water/propylene glycol mixture.
    [Show full text]
  • Refined Comfort
    REFINED COMFort Dehumidification Systems FOR COMMERCIAL ROOFTOP UNITS AND SPLIT SYSTEMS Superior humidity and temperature control every day of the year With the Humiditrol® dehumidification system from Lennox, you can easily reduce humidity levels regardless of room temperature. The unique dehumidification-on-demand design removes moisture based on relative humidity levels—not the temperature—so it’s easy and efficient to create a better indoor environment. Why the Humiditrol® dehumidification system is more effective The Humiditrol dehumidification system is different from standard dehumidification HUMIDITROL® products that use cooling to remove moisture. That method can backfire by overcooling DEHUMIDIFICATION the space and leading to condensation and mold growth, even damaging building AT A GLANCE: materials. The Humiditrol system removes moisture with minimal effect on temperature, avoiding problems with overcooling. Integrated dehumidification system that controls humidity independent of room temperature Reduced humidity is better for business Available on rooftop units and small split systems High humidity levels can make Indoor air quality people feel sticky and may create productivity costs Efficiently improves indoor air a breeding ground for mold, quality (IAQ) and comfort mildew, dust mites and bacteria. Estimated number of employees 65 This environment not only affects Salary cost (per average employee) $30,000 Reduces spread of allergens such as customer comfort, but can also mold, mildew and dust mites Total staff (yearly) $1,950,000 compromise the integrity of Productivity losses due to poor computers and electronics, building thermal comfort, absenteeism, 3% Helps control mold-related repair comfort, etc. (average %) and maintenance costs materials and stocked items. Total lost productivity $58,500 Maintaining relative humidity Rooftop unit system removes up to Information from “Humidity Control, IAQ and You” Engineered Systems magazine, January 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Temperature and Humidity Control Technology for Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems
    Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning School of Mechanical Engineering Conference 2016 Review of Temperature and Humidity Control Technology for Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems Xiaojie Lin University Of Maryland, United States of America, [email protected] Yunho Hwang University Of Maryland, United States of America, [email protected] Reinhard Radermacher University Of Maryland, United States of America, [email protected] Saikee Oh University Of Maryland, United States of America, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc Lin, Xiaojie; Hwang, Yunho; Radermacher, Reinhard; and Oh, Saikee, "Review of Temperature and Humidity Control Technology for Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems" (2016). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper 1727. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/1727 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. Complete proceedings may be acquired in print and on CD-ROM directly from the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories at https://engineering.purdue.edu/ Herrick/Events/orderlit.html 2386, Page 1 Review of Temperature and Humidity Control Technology for Heat Pump and Air Conditioning Systems Xiaojie LIN1, Yunho HWANG1*, Reinhard RADERMACHER1, Saikee OH2 1Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, University of Maryland, 4164 Glenn L. Martin Hall Bldg., College Park, MD 20742, USA 2System Air Conditioning Laboratory, LG Electronics, 327-23, Gasan-Dong, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 153-802, Republic of Korea *: Corresponding Author, Tel: (301) 405-5247, E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Indoor temperature and humidity are the two most significant factors to occupants’ thermal comfort.
    [Show full text]
  • Comfort, Indoor Air Quality, and Energy Consumption in Low Energy Homes
    Comfort, Indoor Air Quality, and Energy Consumption in Low Energy Homes P. Engelmann, K. Roth, and V. Tiefenbeck Fraunhofer Center for Sustainable Energy Systems January 2013 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, subcontractors, or affiliated partners makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof.The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email:mailto:[email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 fax: 703.605.6900 email: [email protected] online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 20% postconsumer waste Comfort, Indoor Air Quality, and Energy Consumption in Low Energy Homes Prepared for: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory On behalf of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Switch to an Energy Efficient Heat Pump Hvac System
    SWITCH TO AN ENERGY Benefits Types of Heat Pump Systems EFFICIENT HEAT PUMP Two-For-One: heat pumps are capable of both More comfortable: in contrast to the hot and Ducted heat pumps are ideal for homes with HVAC SYSTEM heating in the winter and cooling in the summer. dry air of a furnace, heat pumps circulate air that’s ductwork currently in place. A ducted heat pump has an You only have to buy, install, maintain, and repair naturally humid. outdoor unit that replaces your air conditioner’s outdoor one system. unit. HIGH PERFORMANCE WITH LOW EMISSIONS More energy-efficient and Climate AND ELIGIBLE FOR REBATES Better indoor air quality: switching from Smart: heat pumps can reduce your electricity Ductless mini-split heat pumps are best a gas furnace to a heat pump HVAC can remove use for heating by 50% compared to furnaces and suited to homes that have electric heating in each harmful air contaminants, such as carbon monoxide and baseboard heaters. Using energy-efficient appliances room or may provide a lower cost alternative to a nitrogen oxide, from homes. reduces electric bills and greenhouse gas emissions. ducted system. Mini-split systems don’t require duct work and they have an air delivery unit in each room that keeps temperatures at a comfortable level. How it Works BayREN Home+ Program Energy Efficiency and Electrification Rebates Frequently Asked Questions BayREN implements energy savings programs in collaboration with the nine bay area counties. Get up to $1,000 from BayREN Home+ to upgrade a central What’s the difference between an air natural gas furnace and air conditioner system to a conditioner and heat pump? Heat pumps high-efficiency heat pump HVAC system.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of System Improvements in Solar Thermal and Air Source Heat
    Analysis of system improvements in solar thermal and air source heat pump combisystems Stefano Poppi, Chris Bales, Andreas Heinz, Franz Hengel, David Chèze, Igor Mojic, Catia Cialani To cite this version: Stefano Poppi, Chris Bales, Andreas Heinz, Franz Hengel, David Chèze, et al.. Analysis of system improvements in solar thermal and air source heat pump combisystems. Applied Energy, Elsevier, 2016, 173 (1), pp.606-623. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.048. cea-01310230 HAL Id: cea-01310230 https://hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-01310230 Submitted on 2 May 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Analysis of system improvements in solar thermal and air source heat pump combisystems. Stefano Poppi*1,2, Chris Bales1, Andreas Heinz4, Franz Hengel4, David Chèze6, Igor Mojic5, Catia Cialani3 1Solar Energy Research Center (SERC), Dalarna University College, S-79188 Falun, Sweden 2Department of Energy Technology, KTH, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden 3Department of Economics, Dalarna University College, S-79188 Falun, Sweden 4Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25b, A-8010 Graz, Austria 5Institut für Solartechnik SPF, University of Applied Sciences HSR, Oberseestr. 10, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland 6CEA, LITEN, Department of Solar Technologies, F-73375 Le Bourget du Lac, France *Corresponding author.
    [Show full text]
  • The Energize Denver Renewable Heating and Cooling Plan Resilient Existing Buildings and Homes
    The Energize Denver Renewable Heating and Cooling Plan Resilient Existing Buildings and Homes CONTRIBUTORS The following City and County of Denver Office of Climate Action, Sustainability, and Resiliency (CASR) staff co-developed and contributed to this plan development: • Jan Keleher, Building Electrification Lead • Katrina Managan, Buildings Team Lead • Elizabeth Babcock, Climate Team Manager • Grace Rink, Chief Climate Officer • Jarrett Vigil, Graduate Level Intern Lotus Engineering and Sustainability, LLC (Lotus) co-led the development of the plan with four project partners: NORESCO, Energy and Environmental Economics (E3), AECOM, and Energy Outreach Colorado (EOC). The report was designed by Adrian Newman, Creative Professional. Tyler Poulson and Laura Tajima with the Building Electrification Institute served as Denver’s strategic advisors. CONTACT INFORMATION City and County of Denver Lotus Engineering and Sustainability, LLC Jan Keleher Emily Artale, Founder, Principal Engineer Building Electrification Lead and Co-Owner Office of Climate Action, Sustainability, 1627 Vine Street, Denver, Colorado 80206 Resiliency P: 303.709.9948 P: 720.865.5388 E: [email protected] E: [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of this work would not have been possible without the support and input of the following individuals, to whom the City and County of Denver is grateful. Over 100 individuals helped guide the process through their participation in the Building Electrification Advisory Groups and Workforce Roundtables.
    [Show full text]