AHRI 210/240 (2017): Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning
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Positive Condensate Drainage from Heat Transfer Equipment Under Modulating Steam Conditions
Understand how a good heating system design on paper can become a big problem once installed. Positive Condensate Drainage from Heat Transfer Equipment under Modulating Steam Conditions November 13, 2017 CNY Expo - Looked Good on Paper… Types of Heat Transfer Direct The heating medium is directly mixed (convection) with the substance being heated i.e. “Direct injection”. Indirect (Heat Exchange Equipment) Heat energy from the heating medium is passed to the substance being heated through a physical barrier (conduction). Steam Heat Transfer 101 1. Steam Supply 2. Heat Transfer 3. Condensate Removal Heat Exchanger Flow Heat Exchanger Sizing Q = U x A x ∆T, where U = K /(dx * Fouling Factors) Type & Thickness of Materials of Construction. Standard HX sizes: 16.3-, 25.8-, 35.2-, 44.6-, 54.0-, 63.4-, 72.9-, 82.3-, 91.7-SQFT Copper Example: 887,760 = 324 x 27.4 x 100 Copper Application requires 27.4 SQFT but the Stainless Steel closest suitable size is 35.2 SQFT. dX A Double Wall Therefore, the HX starts over-sized by 28.5%. Normal Operation Product Temperature Input P1 Heat Exchanger P1 > P2 = Heat Exchanger Dry P2 Vacuum = Negative Differential Pressure Steam occupies 1,675 times the amount of space than water. 3 ft. When steam condenses in a “Closed-System”, a vacuum is created. 3 ft. 3 ft. Conventional Condensate Removal System Pressure: Modulating vs. Constant Pressure Time Pressure Time Modulating Steam Traps Valve Head & Seat Air Vent Float Mechanism Inverted Bucket Float & Thermostatic • Continuous Steam – Good • Continuous Steam – -
Best Practices in Central Heat Pump Water Heating
MAR 2018 Heat Pumps Are Not Boilers ACEEE – HOT WATER FORUM 2018 | Shawn Oram, PE, LEED AP Director of Engineering & Design ECOTOPE.COM • OVERVIEW • END GAME • WHAT’S AVAILABLE NOW • PROBLEMS WE ARE SEEING • MARKET DEVELOPMENT NEEDS • QUESTIONS AGENDA ECOTOPE.COM 2 Common Space Heat, Seattle 2014 Benchmarking Data 5 DHW Heat, 10 Median EUI (kBtu/SF/yr) Unit Space 1/3 OF THE LOAD IS Heat, 5 TEMPERATURE MAINTAINANCE Lowrise EUI = 32 Unit Non- Common Heat, 10 Non-Heat, Midrise EUI = 36 10 2009 Multifamily EUI (KBTU/Sf/Yr) Highrise EUI = 51 Breakdown By Energy End Use Type MULTIFAMILY ENERGY END USES ECOTOPE.COM 3 “Heat Pumps Move Heat” Optimize storage design to use coldest water possible HEAT PUMP WATER HEATING ECOTOPE.COM 4 R-717 0 BETTER CO2 Variable Capacity | SANDEN, R-744 1 MAYEKAWA, MITSUBISHI Eco-Cute R-1270 2 GWP OF SELECTED REFRIGERANTS R-290 3 (Carbon Dioxide Equivalents, CO2e) R-600a 3 Proposed HFO replacement refrigerant R-1234yf 4 R-1150 4 R-1234ze 6 Refrigerants have 10% of the climate R-170 6 forcing impact of CO2 Emissions R-152a 124 Fixed Capacity| MOST HPWH’s R-32 675 COLMAC, AO SMITH R-134a 1430 R-407C 1744 Variable Capacity | PHNIX, R-22 1810 ALTHERMA, VERSATI R-410A 2088 Fixed Capacity| AERMEC R-125 3500 R-404A 3922 R-502 4657 WORSE R-12 10900 REFRIGERANT TYPES ECOTOPE.COM 5 • No Refrigerant • 20-30% Less Energy • Quiet • GE/Oak Ridge Pilot • Ready for Market -2020 MAGNETO-CALORIC HEAT PUMP ECOTOPE.COM 6 140˚ 120˚ HOT WATER HEAT PUMP HOT WATER HEAT PUMP STORAGE WATER STORAGE WATER HEATER HEATER 50˚ 110˚ Heat the water up to usable Heat the water up 10-15 degrees temp in a single pass. -
Cd60 Dehumidifier Specifications
To Buy: Visit www.sylvane.com or call (800) 934-9194 For Product Support: Contact Ebac USA at (757) 873 6800 CD60 DEHUMIDIFIER SPECIFICATIONS Specifications CD60 Features CD60 Model No. 10264FR-US Model No. 10264FR-US Height 17” (432mm) On/Off Control Width 20” (514mm) Electronic Defrost Control Depth 14” (356mm) Compressor Type Rotary Weight 80 lbs (36kg) Fitted Mains Plug Voltage 110 V Free Standing Adjustable Feet Phase 1 Remote Humidistat Frequency 60 Hz Adjustable Control Humidistat Current 7 A Hot Gas Defrost System Power 880W Hours Run Meter Airflow 360cfm (608m3/hr) High Capacity Condensate Pump Noise Level 57 dba Quick Disconnect Hose Coupling Refrigerant R407c 25’ Length of PVC Drain Hose Effective Volume 8,369 cu.ft (237m3) Epoxy Powder Coating Typical Extraction 56 ppd Minimum Operating Temperature 33°F (1°C) Maximum Operating Temperature 95°F (35°C) APPLICATION The EIPL CD60 commercial / industrial dehumidifier was designed to provide energy efficient humidity control in a wide range of applications including offices, laboratories, apartments, storage areas, restaurants, bars, museums, locker rooms, computer, telecommunication rooms and basements. It is a quiet, high efficiency, high capacity unit designed to suit your HVAC needs. KEY DESIGN FEATURES • Adjustable control humidistat to maintain the level of dryness • A convenient drain point for condensate collection of hose attachment • EIP’s unique “Hot Gas” defrosting feature which automatically melts away frost buildup providing effective operation at low ambient temperatures • Rugged, epoxy powder-coated steel chassis and housing. • Hours run meter • Simplicity of installation and operation with a standard 115V plug • Extra long power cord. -
How to Perform Mold Inspections
~ 1 ~ HOW TO PERFORM MOLD INSPECTIONS Mold inspection is a specialized type of inspection that goes beyond the scope of a general home inspection. The purpose of this publication is to provide accurate and useful information for performing mold inspections of residential buildings. This book covers the science, properties and causes of mold, as well as the potential hazards it presents to structures and to occupants’ health. Inspectors will learn how to inspect and test for mold both before and after remediation. This text is designed to augment the student’s knowledge in preparation for InterNACHI’s online Mold Inspection Course and Exam (www.nachi.org). This manual also provides a practical reference guide for use on-site at inspections. Authors: Benjamin Gromicko, Director of InterNACHI Online Education, and Executive Producer, NACHI.TV Nick Gromicko, Founder, International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, and Founder, International Association of Certified Indoor Air Consultants Edited by: Kate Tarasenko / Crimea River To order online, visit: www.nachi.org www.IAC2.org www.InspectorOutlet.com Copyright © 2009-2010 International Association of Certified Indoor Air Consultants, Inc. (IAC2) www.IAC2.org All rights reserved. ~ 2 ~ Mold Inspection: Table of Contents Overview…....................................................................................... 3 Section 1: Types of Mold Inspections.............................................. 5 Section 2: IAC2 Mold Inspection Standards…………………………… 9 Section 3: What is Mold? ………………………………………………… -
The Potential and Challenges of Solar Boosted Heat Pumps for Domestic Hot Water Heating
Solar Calorimetry Laboratory The Potential and Challenges of Solar Boosted Heat Pumps for Domestic Hot Water Heating Stephen Harrison Ph.D., P. Eng., Solar Calorimetry Laboratory, Dept. of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada Solar Calorimetry Laboratory Background • As many groups try to improve energy efficiency in residences, hot water heating loads remain a significant energy demand. • Even in heating-dominated climates, energy use for hot water production represents ~ 20% of a building’s annual energy consumption. • Many jurisdictions are imposing, or considering regulations, specifying higher hot water heating efficiencies. – New EU requirements will effectively require the use of either heat pumps or solar heating systems for domestic hot water production – In the USA, for storage systems above (i.e., 208 L) capacity, similar regulations currently apply Canadian residential sector energy consumption (Source: CBEEDAC) Solar Calorimetry Laboratory Solar and HP water heaters • Both solar-thermal and air-source heat pumps can achieve efficiencies above 100% based on their primary energy consumption. • Both technologies are well developed, but have limitations in many climatic regions. • In particular, colder ambient temperatures lower the performance of these units making them less attractive than alternative, more conventional, water heating approaches. Solar Collector • Another drawback relates to the requirement to have an auxiliary heat source to supplement the solar or heat pump unit, -
Condensate Pump
Condensate Pump Installation and Safety Instructions CP-NL20 CP-NL20-230 CP-NL20 CP-NL20-230 Rated 120 Volts / 60 Hz 220 Volts / 60 Hz Voltage (208-230) Rated 1.9 Amps 1.0 Amps Current Draw Input USA 3-prong plug NEMA 6-15 plug Type Head 20 . maximum 20 . maximum Height Flow Rate 1.6 GPM 1.6 GPM at Zero Head Temperature • Continuous duty 140F° • Continuous duty 140F° Rating • Max inlet temperature 160F° • Max inlet temperature 160F° • Not suitable for contact with • Not suitable for contact with steam or gasses that steam or gasses that exceed 160F° exceed 160F° Product Dimensions 11.8” x 5.9“ x 6.7” 11.8” x 5.9“ x 6.7” (LxWxH) Product 5 lbs. 5 lbs. Weight Inlet Height 4.4” (1.75” low prole) 4.4” (1.75” low prole) from Base Included • Instruction Sheet • Instruction Sheet Accessories • Stainless Steel Hang Tabs • Stainless Steel Hang Tabs • Plug Protector • Plug Protector • 4’ Remote Shuto Leads • 4’ Remote Shuto Leads with Insulated Terminals with Insulated Terminals • Polyethelene Inlet Covers (3) • Polyethelene Inlet Covers (3) Wiring Color Black - Live/Hot Brown - Live/Hot References White - Neutral Blue - Live/Hot Green - Ground Green/Yellow - Ground All installations must conform All installations must conform to NEC requirements to NEC requirements SAFETY WARNING FOLLOW ALL SAFETY INFORMATION TO REDUCE POTENTIAL ELECTRICAL SHOCK. DISCONNECT POWER BEFORE SERVICING UNIT. PUMP MUST BE PROPERLY GROUNDED. NEVER USE THE PUMP TO MOVE FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS. NEVER USE THE PUMP IN AN EXPLOSIVE GAS ENVIRONMENT, OR WHERE GAS FUMES OR VAPOR MAY BE PRESENT. -
Installation Instructions, Model 519: 60 Hz FM3081 155408
NOTICE TO INSTALLER: Instructions must remain with installation. FM3081 0318 Supersedes New Product information presented here reflects conditions at time of publication. Consult factory regarding discrepancies or inconsistencies. MAIL TO: P.O. BOX 16347 • Louisville, KY 40256-0347 SHIP TO: 3649 Cane Run Road • Louisville, KY 40211-1961 Visit our web site: TEL: (502) 778-2731 • 1 (800) 928-PUMP • FAX: (502) 774-3624 zoellerpumps.com Register your Zoeller Pump Company Product on our website: INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS http://reg.zoellerpumps.com/ MODEL 519 Condensate Pump 1. Inspect all materials. Occasionally, products are damaged during shipment. If the unit is damaged, contact your dealer before using. 2. Carefully read all the literature provided to familiarize yourself with specific details regarding installation and use before attempting the installation. These materials should be retained for future reference. SEE BELOW FOR LIST OF WARNINGS 1. To help reduce the risk of electrical shock, a properly grounded 4. TESTING FOR GROUND. As a safety measure, each electrical receptacle or control box of grounding type must be installed and outlet should be checked for ground using an Underwriters P/N 155408 protected by a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) in accordance Laboratory Listed circuit analyzer which will indicate if the power, with the National Electrical Code and applicable local codes. If neutral and ground wires are correctly connected to your outlet. pump is wired direct, a GFCI must be installed in the control box. If they are not, call a qualified licensed electrician. (SEE WARNING BELOW) 5. Installation and checking of electrical circuits and hardware should 2. -
Refrigerant Selection and Cycle Development for a High Temperature Vapor Compression Heat Pump
Refrigerant Selection and Cycle Development for a High Temperature Vapor Compression Heat Pump Heinz Moisia*, Renè Riebererb aResearch Assistant, Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/B, 8010 Graz, Austria bAssociate Professor, Institute of Thermal Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 25/B, 8010 Graz, Austria Abstract Different technological challenges have to be met in the course of the development of a high temperature vapor compression heat pump. In certain points of operation, high temperature refrigerants can show condensation during the compression which may lead to compressor damage. As a consequence, high suction gas superheat up to 20 K can be necessary. Furthermore high compressor outlet temperatures caused by high heat sink outlet temperatures (approx. 110 °C) and high pressure ratios can lead to problems with the compressor lubricant. In order to meet these challenges different refrigerant and cycle configurations have been investigated by means of simulation. Thermodynamic properties as well as legal and availability aspects have been considered for the refrigerant selection. The focus of the cycle configurations has been set on the realization of the required suction gas superheat. Therefore the possibility of an internal heat exchanger and a suction gas cooled compressor has been investigated. The simulation results showed a COP increase of up to +11 % due to the fact that the main part of the suction gas superheat has not been provided in the evaporator. Furthermore, the effect of increased subcooling has been investigated for a single stage cycle with internal heat exchanger. The results showed a COP of 3.4 with a subcooling of 25 K at a temperature lift of approximately 60 K for the refrigerant R600 (n-butane). -
High Temperature Heat Pump Using HFO and HCFO Refrigerants
Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning School of Mechanical Engineering Conference 2018 High temperature heat pump using HFO and HCFO refrigerants - System design, simulation, and first experimental results Cordin Arpagaus NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Frédéric Bless NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Michael Uhlmann NTB University of Applied Sciences in Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Elias Büchel NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] Stefan Frei NTB University of Applied Sciences of Technology Buchs, Institute for Energy Systems, Werdenbergstrasse 4, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc Arpagaus, Cordin; Bless, Frédéric; Uhlmann, Michael; Büchel, Elias; Frei, Stefan; Schiffmann, Jürg; and Bertsch, Stefan, "High temperature heat pump using HFO and HCFO refrigerants - System design, simulation, and first experimental results" (2018). International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference. Paper 1875. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/iracc/1875 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] -
How Ground Source Heat Pumps Work How Heat Pumps Work
How Ground Source Heat Pumps Work How Heat Pumps Work How Ground Source Heat Pumps Work A heat pump is a mechanically simple system that is conceptually difficult to relate to. The boiler plate answer for how geo works is... “We take heat from the ground and dump it into the house in heating mode and we take heat from the house to dump into the ground in cooling mode. Because the earth has a near constant temperature geo allows us to use less energy in moving this heat than an air source heat pump.” That doesn’t really answer the question of how the heat pump works but it seems to satisfy the majority of people. Without getting into too much detail, and without omitting so much the explanation is useless, here is basically how a heat pump works. The Ground Rules The Ideal Gas Law The ideal gas law is the key to understanding the Heat can only travel from high temperatures vapor compression cycle (the cycle used by all heat (sources) to low temperatures (sinks). pump systems including your refrigerator and a/c). With this simple equation we can relate pressure to Heat can not travel if there is no difference in temperature which explains how a compressor and temperature between the source and the sink. some tubes and one little valve can heat a space without using a flame and cool a space without adding ice. Everything inside the heat pump is in a closed system. P · V = n · R · T In a closed system the amount of fluid contained is unchanging. -
IW-25 Dehumidifier Installation & Operations Manual
IW-25 Dehumidifier Installation and Operation Manual Installation & Operations InstallationIW and-25 Operation-1 Dehumidifier Manual Manual IW-25-1 Dehumidifier Please Read and Save These Instructions Please ReadPlease Readand and Save Save These These Instructions Instructions InnovativeInnov Dehumidifierative Dehumidifier Systems, LLC Systems, LLC Innovative6260 Dehumidifier Ocean6260 Highway Ocean 17 HighwaySystems, West 17 West LLC Ocean Isle Beach, NC 28469 6260 OceanOcean Highway Isle Beach, 17 West NC 28469 910-579-DEHU910-579-DEHU Ocean Isle910 Beach,-579-3348910 NC-579 28469-3348 www.innovativedehu.comwww.innovativedehu.com 910-579-DEHU 1 910-579-33481 www.innovativedehumidifer.com Table of Contents Safety Notes 2 Identification 3 Electrical Supply 3 Principle of Operation 3 Installation 4 Operating Instructions 4 Diagram 5 Maintenance 6 Troubleshooting 8 Warranty Information 9 1 Safety Notes • The IW-25 Dehumidifier must always be connected using a grounded electrical connec- tion (as required for all electrical appliances). If non-grounded wiring is used, all liability re- verts to owner and the warranty is voided. • The IW-25 Dehumidifier should only be installed and serviced by a qualified technician. • If there is a chance that water flooded the dehumidifier, it should be opened and allowed to dry thoroughly before reconnecting to electrical power and restarting. • To ensure proper operation, no obstruction should be located within 36” of the discharge of the unit. • Do not insert any objects or fingers into the inlet or discharge. If service is required, call a qualified technician. • All work on the dehumidifier should be done with the unit “off” and unplugged or the breaker turned off. -
Quick Start Guide
The Watchdog900 Quick Start Guide Seaira Global • 14021 NC Highway 50 • Surf City, NC 28445 www.seairaglobal.com WatchDog 900 Quick Start Guide • Prepare Crawl Space for Installation • Tips for Dehumidifier Installation • Operating Instructions • Benefits of a Dehumidifier • Common Terms • Parts Diagram • Trouble Shooting • Submit Warranty • Additional Resources While you’re waiting for your new dehumidifier to arrive, here are a few topics to keep in mind. How to Prepare Your Crawl Space for Installation If you decide to install your dehumidifier in a crawl space, there are a few steps you need to take prior to installation. 1. First, you will need clean out any debris that may be cluttering up the crawl space. This will make sure that there are no hidden problems such as cracks in the foundation. It will also ensure that the vapor barrier can be installed properly. In addition, cleaning out any unnecessary items will make it much easier to move around in the crawl space. Being able to move around more easily is useful for a hassle free installation, as well as for future maintenance that may need to be done. 2. After the crawl space is clear, you will need to inspect it for any potential issues so they can be fixed prior to installation. For instance, you may notice signs of pests or rodents in the crawl space. The crawl space could also show signs of structural issues, such as damaged floor joists or girders. Most importantly, you need to ensure that all signs of excess moisture are taken care of.