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Effective Typification of the Linnaean Name Thymus Pulegioides (Lamiaceae)

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Effective Typification of the Linnaean Name Thymus Pulegioides (Lamiaceae) Collectanea Botanica 39: e011 enero-diciembre 2020 ISSN-L: 0010-0730 https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2020.v39.011 Effective typification of the Linnaean name Thymus pulegioides (Lamiaceae) P. P. FERRER-GALLEGO Servicio de Vida Silvestre, Centro para la Investigación y la Experimentación Forestal de la Generalitat Valenciana (CIEF), av. Comarques del País Valencià, 114, ES-46930 Quart de Poblet, Valencia, España ORCID iD. P. P. Ferrer-Gallego: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7595-9302 Author for correspondence: P. P. Ferrer-Gallego ([email protected]) Editor: N. Ibáñez Received 28 June 2020; accepted 10 August 2020; published on line 27 October 2020 Abstract EFFECTIVE TYPIFICATION OF THE LINNAEAN NAME THYMUS PULEGIOIDES (LAMIACEAE).— The typification fo the Linnaean name Thymus pulegioides (Lamiaceae) is revised. This name had previously been “lectotypified” by Mártonfi in 1997 from a specimen kept at the herbarium LINN (Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.6). However, Linnaeus cited a specimen of Sauvages in the protologue, currently preserved in the herbarium LINN (Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.5). Therefore, in lectotype desig- nation this specimen must be chosen according to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Art. 9.12 of the Shenzhen Code of 2018). Key words: Labiatae; lectotype; Linnaeus; nomenclature; syntype. Resumen TIPIFICACIÓN EFECTIVA DEL NOMBRE LINNEANO THYMUS PULEGIOIDES (LAMIACEAE).— Se revisa la tipificación del nombre de Linneo Thymus pulegioides (Lamiaceae). Este nombre fue previamente “lectotipificado” orp Mártonfi en 1997 a partir de un espécimen conservado en el herbario LINN (Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.6). Sin embargo, Linneo citó un espécimen de Sauvages en el protólogo, en la actualidad conservado en LINN (Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.5). Por lo tanto, en la desig- nación del lectotipo debe elegirse este espécimen de acuerdo con el Código Internacional de Nomenclatura para algas, hongos y plantas (Art. 9.12 del Código de Shenzhen de 2018). Palabras clave: Labiatae; lectotipo; Linneo; nomenclatura; sintipo. Cómo citar este artículo / Citation Ferrer-Gallego, P. P. 2020. Effective typification of the Linnaean name Thymus pulegioides (Lamiaceae). Collectanea Botanica 39: e011. https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2020.v39.011 Copyright © 2020 CSIC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 In- ternational (CC BY 4.0) License. 2 P. P. FERRER-GALLEGO INTRODUCTION AND TYPIFICATION According to Jarvis (2007), the “lectotype” was OF THE NAME “effectively” designated by Ronniger (1944: 37) from the specimen Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.5 (LINN), Thymus pulegioides L. (sect. Serpyllum (Miller) and this viewpoint was subsequently adopted by mo- Benth.; Lamiaceae) is a highly polymorphic and dern monographers of Thymus (e.g. Morales, 2010; widespread species distributed across to temperate Bartolucci et al., 2013; Knyasev, 2015; Nachychko parts of Europe (Jalas & Kaleva, 1970; Jalas, 1972, et al., 2019). However, recently Nachychko & Sos- 1974; Ložiene, 2006; Morales, 2010). novsky (2020) conclude that the publication of Ron- As part of taxonomic and nomenclatural studies niger (1944) is not the place of effective designation of the genus Thymus L. for the Valencian flora (see of the lectotype of T. pulegioides. Ronniger (1944) Ferrer-Gallego et al., 2013, 2019; Pedauyé et al., used the following phrase: “Die Originalpflanze lie- 2016; Ferrer-Gallego, 2019), the original material gt im Herbar Linné heute noch aufbewahrt” [The and typification of the name Thymus pulegioides original plant is still preserved today in the Linnaean has been studied. The nomenclatural type of T. pule- Herbarium]. In this sense, according to Nachychko gioides has been recently discussed by Nachychko & Sosnovsky (2020), the Ronniger’s (1944) term & Sosnovsky (2020). However, a new interpreta- “Originalpflanze” meant “original specimen” and tion of the Linnaeus original material should be was not intended as an equivalent of the term “type” made for effective typification of the name. (typus). Therefore, according to Art. 7.11 of the Linnaeus (1753: 592) described Thymus pulegioi- Shenzhen Code (see Turland et al., 2018) in its strict des providing a short diagnosis “THYMUS ramis interpretation (see, e.g. Ex. 12), an equivalent of verticillatis longis, foliis ovalibus striatis”, followed the term “type” must be one of its “linguistic equi- by the synonym “Acinos thymi folio & facie, flori- valents” (in German: “Typus” or “Typ”), none of bus inexpansis” cited from Morison (1699: 404, s. which was used by Ronniger (1944) (see Nachychko 11, t. 19, f. 6). The protologue also includes “Habitat & Sosnovsky, 2020). Monspelii. D. Sauvages”, and a description “Habitus On the other hand, Mártonfi (1997: 158), and Melissae pulegioidis f. Mentha pulegii, at Cacyces later Nachychko & Sosnovsky (2020: 25), treated bilabiati a Satureja, ore barbati a Melissa & Mentha the specimen Herb. Linnaeus No. 38.6 (LINN) as eam distinguunt. Caulis spithamens, erectus. Rami “lectotype” of T. pulegioides. However, Linnaeus pauci, simplices, breves. Folia ovalia, obtuse, gla- explicitly cited a gathering in the protologue, with a bra, subtus striata. Rami & plantae maxima pars specific locality and author, as “Habitat in Monspe- verticillis obvallata”. The reference quoted by Lin- lii. D. Sauvages” (see Shenzhen Code Art. 40 Note naeus (Morison, 1699) includes an illustration that 1 and Note 2), identifiable as a specific specimen can be considered as original material. currently preserved at LINN herbarium (No. 38.5 Several authors (e.g. Ronniger, 1924, 1944; LINN). Therefore, unfortunately, the “typification” Klokov, 1954; Menitsky, 1978, Mártonfi, 1997; of Mártonfi (1997), supported by Nachychko & Jarvis 2007; Nachychko & Sosnovsky, 2020) men- Sosnovsky (2020), is ineffective according to Art. tioned that there are at least two specimens at LINN 9.12 of the ICN (Turland et al., 2018). (Herb. Linnaeus Nos. 38.5 and 38.6) that can be According to Jarvis (2007: 226), Sauvages1 gave treated as Linnaeus’ original material of T. pule- his herbarium of plants from southern France to gioides. The sheet No. 38.5 LINN bears a stem, Linnaeus in 1749. Although not all of the plants with leaves and flowers, and is annotated “Monsp.” carry Sauvage’s labels, it seems clear that in many [Monspeliensis] and “8” (the number in the Species cases [see e.g. No. 290.12 (LINN) as the lectoty- Plantarum for Thymus pulegioides) by Linnaeus, pe of Illecebrum cymosum L.; No. 741.4 (LINN) and “thymoides / Thymus pulegioides Sp. Pl. 1. as the lectotype of Moluccella frutescens L.; No. No. 8” by James Edward Smith (image available at 655.19 (LINN) as the lectotype of Potentilla hir- http://linnean-online.org/153). On the other hand, ta L.], where he is mentioned in the protologue, the sheet No. 38.6 LINN bears a stem, with lea- ves and flowers, and is annotated “Satureja”, “thy- 1. François Boissier de la Croix de Sauvage (1706–1767) was a moides”, and “8” by Linnaeus (image available at French naturalist and physician, professor of medicine (1734), later of botany (1740) at the University of Montpellier, staunch supporter of http://linnean-online.org/154). Linnaeus and the Linnaean ideas in France (Stafleu & Cowan, 1985). Collectanea Botanica vol. 39 (enero-diciembre 2020), e011, ISSN-L: 0010-0730, https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2020.v39.011 Effective typification of the Linnaean nameThymus pulegioides (Lamiaceae) 3 corresponding material in LINN carries “Monsp.” Jarvis, C. E. 2007. Order out of chaos. Linnaean plant names and in all likelihood came from him. and their types. Linnean Society of London & Natural His- tory Museum, London. In conclusion, because Sauvages’s material at Klokov, M. V. 1954. Thymus L. In: Schischkin, B. K. (Ed.), LINN (now No. 38.5) has been cited in the proto- Флора СССР [Flora of the USSR] 21. Издательство logue by Linnaeus, and both (protologue and speci- Академии наук СССР [Publishers of Academy of Sciences of the USSR], Moscow & Leningrad: 470–591. men) are linked, it is a syntype (according to Shen- Knyasev, M. S. 2015. Обзор видов рода Thymus (Lamiaceae) zhen Code Art. 9.6) and has precedence in lectotype в Восточной Европе и на Урале [The survey of East Eu- designation over unmentioned specimens and cited ropean and Ural species of the genus Thymus (Lamiaceae)]. illustrations according to Art. 9.12 of the ICN. It is Botanicheskii Zhurnal (Moscow & Leningrad) 100: 114– 141. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006813615020027 therefore the obligate lectotype and accordingly de- Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum 1–2. L. Salvius, Stockholm. signated here as such. Ložiene, K. 2006. Instability of morphological features used Fortunately, this specimen clearly represents the for classification of Thymus pulegioides infraspecific taxa. Acta Botanica Hungarica 48: 345–360. https://doi. traditional concept and current application of the org/10.1556/ABot.48.2006.3-4.9 name Thymus pulegioides (e.g. Jalas & Kalea, 1970; Mártonfi, P. 1997. Nomenclatural survey of the genus Thymus Jalas, 1972, 1974; Ložiene, 2006; Morales, 2010). sect. Serpyllum from Carpathians and Pannonia. Thaiszia 7: 111–181. Menitsky, L. 1978. Thymus L. In: Fedorov, A. (Ed.), Флора Thymus pulegioides L., Sp. Pl.: 592. 1753. европейской части СССР [Flora of the European part of Ind. loc.: “Habitat Monspelii.” USSR] 3. Nauka, Leningrad: 191–204. Lectotype (designated here): “Monsp.” [Monspe- Morales, R. 2010. Thymus L. In: Morales, R., Quintanar, A., Cabezas, F., Pujadas, A. J. & Cirujano, S. (Ed.), Flora ibe- liensis] (Montpellier, France), François Boissier de rica 12. Real Jardín Botánico (Consejo Superior de Investi- la Croix de Sauvage s.n., s.d., Herb. Linnaeus No. gaciones Científicas), Madrid: 349–409. 38.5 (LINN [photo!]) (image available at http:// Morison, R. 1699. Plantarum historiae universalis Oxoniensis pars tertia. Theathro Sheldoniano, Oxford. linnean-online.org/153). Nachychko, V. O., Gamulya, Yu., G. & Sosnovsky, Y. V. 2019. Typification of four names in Thymus (Lamiaceae) based REFERENCES on material from the Herbarium of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (CWU). Phytotaxa 409: 71–82.
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