BEYOND “SHATTERED” Creating Reflective Democracy in Trump’s America Judith Warner October 2020 (Working Paper) The Reflective Democracy Campaign is WhoLeads.Us a project of the Women Donors Network “More people are insisting that their voices be heard, and it’s our patriotic duty to hear each other out.” Donna Brazile, Hacks, 20171 For close political observers, the presidential legislative seats picked up in Pennsylvania, and control election of 2016 unveiled a truth far more regained of the U.S. House of Representatives, with the ascension, notably, of the most reflective class of wide-reaching than the electoral college freshmen in the body’s history. triumph of Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton: the failure of our parties — of the political And yet, for advocates of reflective democracy, the story of the post-2016 period has been a mixture of triumph powers-that-be, writ large — to produce and frustration. In the run-up to the 2020 presidential candidates that captured the hearts and election, there is still an enormous disproportion minds of the American people. between the population makeup of the United States and the demographics of those who lead us. As of 2019, the In certain ways, this was hardly new. The United States U.S. population was 60% white and 49% male. Yet people has long been governed by a political class that is of color hold just 11% of elected offices, and women no disproportionately white, disproportionately male, more than 31% of elected seats. White men alone, at just and disproportionately wealthy, and Americans have 30% of the population, are 62% of elected officeholders expressed their unhappy sense of being led by an “old — despite the fact that they now win elections at a boys’ club” for many years.2 Yet there was something slightly lower rate than do female and non-white unique about the degree of disconnect in the last candidates.3 And there is still a real disconnect between presidential cycle between American voters and the the rate at which white women — who are now 31% of political gatekeepers — party and elected officials, big the population and 27% of elected officials — have been donors, unions, campaign operatives, consultants, and able to advance toward something like their fair share of powerful advocacy groups — who have long determined representation compared to women of color who, despite who gets a shot at governing in the U.S. dramatic recent increases in political office-holding, still only hold 4% of elected seats, while comprising 20% of Mainstream Republican presidential candidates were the population. (Men of color, at 19% of the population, unable to speak to a party base eager for a voice that hold 7% of seats.) would holler their discontent. And the Democrats’ anointed candidate, cocooned within the protective Indeed, behind the jubilation of taking back the House embrace of longtime friends, consultants and donors, in 2018, and the enormous media fanfare around the fell fatally short in inspiring and motivating a significant entry in Congress of the young, progressive women of slice of her party’s electorate. color dubbed “The Squad” — Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, Rashida Tlaib of Michigan, Ayanna Pressley For Democrats, who ended that campaign season out of Massachusetts and Ilhan Omar of Minnesota — many of power not just in the White House and the U.S. women of color, including Ocasio-Cortez and Pressley, House and Senate, but in 34 state legislatures, the came to office with bruising backstories of snubs by the result was absolutely devastating — “soul shaking” in political powers-that-be. Some had been told not to the words of the longtime political operative Donna run because they didn’t “look like” their districts and Brazile, who served as interim chair of the Democratic had “no business” even trying to compete. Others had National Committee in the latter half of 2016, and been bashed for taking on incumbents who, they were chronicled the party’s many challenges in her post- told, didn’t “deserve” a primary challenge. And even election memoir, Hacks: The Inside Story of the Break-ins after publicly celebrating the arrival of the most diverse and Breakdowns That Put Donald Trump in the White freshman class in history, party leaders privately seemed House. In the three years that followed, the Democrats eager to curb the ways some of those victories had underwent considerable finger-pointing and some disrupted its hierarchy. soul-searching. They issued promises and apologies, announced new programs and partnerships. And they In April 2019, the Democratic Congressional Campaign scored some striking electoral triumphs: governors Committee announced it would no longer grant flipped in Michigan and Wisconsin; state houses flipped contracts to pollsters, strategists and communications in Colorado and Virginia; an enormous number of state specialists who took on any clients who mounted Beyond “Shattered” | 3 primary challenges. It was a move broadly denounced non-traditional candidates — particularly women of color as an effort to protect longtime “moderate” incumbents — advocates of reflective democracy have taken matters like the anti-choice Illinois Congressman Dan Lipinski, into their own hands. They’ve built a vibrant who came within two points of losing his seat in 2018 and highly successful universe of independent and to a pro-choice female challenger, Marie Newman. grassroots organizations, some new, some newly And it was immediately interpreted as a direct swipe energized. These groups are not only helping more at Congressional newcomers of color like Pressley and women and people of color get elected, they’re creating a Ocasio-Cortez, who’d won their seats in Massachusetts’ new political reality that is expanding the very definition 7th district and New York’s 14th, respectively, after of civic engagement. And, in the process, they’ve turned defeating longtime Democratic incumbents Michael heartbreak and defeat into something that looks and Capuano and Joe Crowley in primaries. With typical feels a great deal like hope. forthrightness, Ocasio-Cortez quickly dubbed the new rule a “blacklist + boycott” policy.4 The first clear sign that something was up came in February, 2017, when an obscure state senate special This fall, in an email exchange for this paper, a former election in tiny Delaware drew nearly $1 million in DNC official took a tone that was even darker. “Forget the political donations from all over the country, plus so national party,” she wrote. “I just don’t believe in many volunteers eager to canvas for the Democrat, the infrastructure anymore.” Stephanie Hansen, that her campaign staff ran out of work for them to do.5 The reason: it was the first swing Over the course of the past two years, with the generous election since Trump’s inauguration.The Democrats’ support of a journalism fellowship from the Reflective state senate majority lay in the balance.6 And the race Democracy Campaign, I interviewed close to 30 people had come to the attention of a brand-new group named currently working on the front lines in the effort to Flippable, which had been co-founded by a handful of change the look, feel and practice of electoral power former Clinton campaign staffers who’d came together (and power-brokering) in the U.S. They were candidates, for comfort in a Columbus, Ohio bar late on election current and former elected officials, campaign managers night in 2016 and had walked away convinced that and consultants, organizers and activists — people the way back for the Democrats was by flipping state with a wide range of experience of working both within legislatures. The Democratic Legislative Campaign and outside of traditional gatekeeper institutions. Committee had thrown resources Hansen’s way, too, All — including one (anti-Trump) Republican — were and former Vice President Joe Biden had stumped for committed to increasing the presence of women and her. But, Hansen’s campaign manager Erik Raser- people of color in American politics. And all, including Schramm said soon after the election, “Flippable that one Republican, had complex stories to tell about was more helpful.”7 the quest for reflective democracy in the anti-Trump “resistance” era. More proof — on a much wider scale — emerged nine months later when, in a major surprise to most Their stories drove home that there is a great deal of political forecasters, the Democrats flipped 15 seats work still to be done to change the demographics of in the 100-member Virginia House of Delegates. Both power in America. And yet, at the same time, their the number of wins and the nature of those wins were points of view, a down-up vision, in most cases, of remarkable. For one thing, they represented a real political life in the trenches, was considerably different about-face on strategy. Whereas in 2015, the Democrats from the overwhelming narrative of gloom issuing had allowed 44 of the Virginia legislature’s seats to from the “bubble” worlds of New York and Washington, go uncontested, in 2017 their candidates ran even D.C. In fact, their voices, taken together, added up to a in hopeless-seeming districts, and in five of those surprisingly positive new narrative. Their stories showed previously abandoned districts, a Democrat won.8 that there’s been a real silver lining to the devastating wake-up call of 2016: In response to Trump’s victory, More important still, in terms of national takeaway was and in the face of continued frustration on the part of this: At a time when all the talk in Washington was about Beyond “Shattered” | 4 winning back white, moderate Obama-to-Trump voters Change, just for starters. There were volunteers from (presumably, with candidates who looked and sounded groups called Dupont Huddle, in Washington, DC and just like them), the new victors headed to the former seat from New York for Virginia.12 And then there were people of the Confederacy reflected the full spectrum of their contributing resources from really far away: Like Local state’s rapidly changing electorate.