DOCSLIB.ORG

A TSB Business Support Solution Delivered Through the Technology Programme

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A TSB Business Support Solution Delivered Through the Technology Programme A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme 1 Where to now with GNSS? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme Peter Lancaster Technology Translator Location & Timing KTN What is the Location & Timing KTN? Knowledge Transfer Networks are funded by the UK government, through the Technology Strategy Board. Our role is to stimulate innovation through knowledge transfer. Between industry, universities, researchers etc. Primarily within the UK, but also increasingly with Europe and worldwide. Our specific focus is on technologies and applications that identify or use location, and timing. 2 What’s up there now? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GPS – 31 operational, plus 1 launched last month. 7 x Block IIR-M have L2C & L1M, L2M Lockheed Martin Global Positioning Satellite IIRM Artist Impression Lockheed Martin Global Positioning Satellite IIRM 3 A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ConstellationGPS.gif 4 What’s up there now? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GLONASS – 20 operational, incl 3 launched on Christmas Day 2008, 6 have a predicted life of less than 1 year. FDMA signals. • Beidou-1 – Geo-stationary, 2-way communication method – so limited users & accuracy. 3 operational, (2 needed to cover SE Asia). – Compass-M1 launched Apr 07 Picture: NPO PM to secure frequencies, G2 launched 15 th Apr 2009 Glonass-M (Uragan-M) Glonass is the Russian system. Currently undergoing an programme to replace and update the constellation. Currently 20 satellites operational, but several have a short predicted life span (2 are due to go out of service about now). They need 21 for minimum global coverage, 24 including spares. Beidou is the older Chinese system that uses geo-stationary satellites and a three- way ranging system. Remote terminal -> satellites -> ground station (calculate position) -> satellites -> remote terminal. so the number of users was limited to 150 simultaneously. 5 What’s up there now? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • Galileo – GIOVE-A & GIOVE-B. • A launched 28/12//05 primarily to secure the frequencies. • B launched 27/04/08 re-secure frequencies, test transmission codes and hydrogen-maser clock. • Other satellites Giove-B . Credit:. ESA – DORIS – French system using Doppler ranging I was not aware of DORIS until I started researching for this presentation: http://ids.cls.fr/ 6 Signals A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GPS – L1 - (1575.42MHz) • C/A, P(Y), L1M – L2 - (1227.60MHz) • P(Y), L2C, L2M – L3 – (1381.05MHz) • Used by NUDET – L5 – (1176.45MHz) • New civilian (safety-of-life) signal GPS currently transmits the Coarse/Acquisition signal on the L1 (1575.42MHz), The encrypted military (precision) signal ( P(Y) ) and on the latest 7 satellites, the new military signal (L1M). On the L2 frequency (1227.60MHz) they transmit the encrypted military signal and on the latest 7 satellites – the new military signal (L2M) and the new civilian signal (L2C). L3 is used to transmit data for the Nuclear Detonation Detection System NUDET L5 will carry the new “safety-of-life” signal, high integrity signal for transport, eg. air traffic control etc. Latest satellite is broadcasting test signals. 7 Signals A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GLONASS – L1 - (1602.2MHz) • FDMA Civilian & Military – L2 - (1246.00MHz) • FDMA Civilian & Military • Beidou – Satellite signal 2491.75MHz, ground station 1615.68MHz • Compass – Currently transmitting on E2 (1561.098MHz), E5b (1207.14MHz) & E6 (1268.52MHz) Glonass currently transmits (FDMA) signals on L1 (1602.2) and L2 (1246MHz). Both frequencies carry a civilian signal and a military signal. The L2 civilian signal is not on the older satellites (3) Beidou - Satellite signal 2491.75MHz, ground station 1615.68MHz. 8 Signals A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • Galileo – L1, E5, E6 European Space Agency Glonass currently transmits (FDMA) signals on L1 (1602.2) and L2 (1246MHz). Both frequencies carry a civilian signal and a military signals.The L2 civilian signal not on the older satellites (3) Satellite signal 2491.75MHz, ground station 1615.68MHz. 9 Signals A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme European Space Agency 10 What’s going up A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GPS – 1 launched last month, 1 more Block IIR-M to be launched in August with 2 nd civilian frequency (L2C). New military signals (M-code) on L1 & L2 frequencies. New safety-of-life frequency (L5) test. – 12 x Block IIF to be launched Oct/2009 to 2012. Incl L2C + L5, 2 Rb + 1 Cs clocks – Block III launches start 2013. New civilian signal L1C, spot power for M-code. SIS-URE 0.25m Photo by Pat Corkery, United Launch Alliance A lot of the basic accuracy of the system is down to the clocks fitted. Rubidium (Rb) are lighter and slightly more accurate – but use more power than Caesium (Ca). Block II-F have digitally controlled clocks instead of analogue Various new clock technologies being tested at present for GPS Block III. Eg. Caesium beam, hydrogen maser. 11 What’s going up A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GLONASS – GLONASS-K will begin launching next year and include a CDMA (code division multiple access) signal on L3, similar to the other GNSS systems. – Total 21 + 3 spares by 2010 December 25, 2008, launch of three GLONASS-M satellites; Roscosmos photo by S. Sergeev (TSENKICOM) 12 What’s going up A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • Galileo – 4 in-orbit-validation satellites in production now, launching 2010. – 30 medium earth orbit (27 + 3 spares). Full Operation Capability 2013. • Compass – 1 launched 15/04/09, 2 more planned to launch 2009, 7 more in 2010. – 5 Geo-stationary & 30 medium earth orbit, “complete by 2015” Photo: Xinhua News Agency 13 What’s going up A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme IRNSS Satellite Locations • Other satellites – IRNSS (1 st due for launch 2009/2010) – independent Indian system, 3 geo- Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) stationary + 4 geo- synchronous. India region. – QZSS (1 st due for launch 2009) – Japanese. Local GPS enhancement & timing transfer. QZNSS satellite track http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg QZSS – Quasi-Zenith Satellite System The system will be a three-satellite constellation, with at least one satellite observable at high-elevation angle at all times over central Japan. Helps GNSS performance in ‘Urban Canyons’ eg Tokyo 14 New Signals A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme • GPS – L2C • New NAV message, Long code & moderate length code • L1M & L2M, L5 • Galileo – E1 (L1) ( 4 signals), – E5 (5 signals) – L6 Search and Rescue uplink • GLONASS – L1 CDMA – L3 civilian signal for safety-of-life apps – Search and Rescue • Compass – E1 (1589 MHz), E2 (1561 MHz), E5b (1207 MHz) & E6 (1268 MHz) I’ve covered these a bit already. Generally the systems are designed to be interoperable to an extent and do not interfere. The current debate is about the overlap between the Compass E2 And the Galileo E2 PRS signal. The problem is that if the Europeans wanted to jam the Chinese, we would jam ourselves as well. A similar problem with the US was overcome by negotiation. 15 What can we do now? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme Error Source Typical Range Error Magnitude (meters, 1 σσσ) Without SA Without SA plus 2 or more coded signals Selective Availability 0.0 0.0 Atmospheric Error Ionospheric 7.0 0.01 Tropospheric 0.2 0.2 Clock and Ephemeris Error 2.3 2.3 Receiver Noise 0.6 0.6 Multipath 1.5 1.5 Total User Equivalent Range Error (UERE) 7.5 2.8 Typical Horizontal DOP (HDOP) 1.5 1.5 Total Stand-Alone Horizontal Accuracy, 95% 22.5 8.5 Source: Shaw et. al., GNSS-2000. There is a lot of variation in accuracy specifications, how they are defined and what they are using as a reference. GPS currently gives a Signal in Space - User Range Error of 0.9 m. (this is the error of the transmitted signal) GPS-SPS Performance Analysis Report January 31, 2009. William J. Hughes Technical Center NSTB/WAAS T&E Team Glonass gives about 1.8 m SIS-URE error. Selective Availability has been off since 2000, and GPS Block III will not have the feature installed. If they need to, the US military will just jam the civilian signals and use the military signals only. As the ionosphere delays different frequencies by different amounts, 2 frequency operation allows this error to be mathematically reduced and so remove a significant proportion of the ionospheric error; also reduces a small amount of the multi-path error. 16 What can we do now? A TSB business Support Solution Delivered through the Technology Programme Error source Description Potential magnitude of positional error (m) Orbit errors Our inexact knowledge of where the satellites are in their 2.5 orbit. Satellite clocks The small inaccuracy in the satellite clocks means the 1.5 distance measurement is not precise. Ionosphere The atmospheric layer from 50 to 500 km disturbs the GPS 5.0 signal, leading to inexact range measurements. Troposphere The atmospheric layer which includes the Earth’s weather 0.5 disturbs the GPS signal, leading to inexact range measurements. Receiver noise Internal receiver errors. 0.1 Multipath The effect of indirect GPS signals arriving at the GPS 0.6 antenna. Source: Ordnance Survey For GPS, a basic indication is that if there is a good view of the sky, then a good consumer GPS unit will give position to within 5-10 m horizontally and 10-20 m vertically.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MSM Feb2020 Review2
    SATCOM for Net-Centric Warfare MilsatMagazineFebruary 2020 issue This issue... SMC: Year of Success Kratos: Countering Threats from Space Maxar: Leveraging Commercial Innovation WTA: Hacking the Hacker Dispatches United States Space Command Kratos Defense L3Harris Get SAT 2nd SOPS Orbit Communications Comtech EF Data Maxar Technologies Booz Allen Hamilton Raytheon Schriever AFB Cover image is courtesy of Kratos Defense and Security Cover SNIPE Ad Publishing Operations Features Silvano Payne, Publisher + Executive Writer Dispatches Simon Payne, Chief Technical Officer Hartley G. Lesser, Editorial Director United States Space Command .................................................................................4 Pattie Lesser, Executive Editor Kratos Defense & Security Solutions .........................................................................6 Donald McGee, Production Manager Andy Bernard, Sales Director L3Harris................................................................................................................7 + 9 Teresa Sanderson, Operations Director Get SAT .....................................................................................................................8 Sean Payne, Business Development Director Space & Missile Systems Center...............................................................................10 Dan Makinster, Technical Advisor 2nd SOPS .................................................................................................................11 Wendy Lewis, Contributing Editor
    [Show full text]
  • ONSITE PROGRAM July 8–11, 2019 Tutorials: July 8 Show Dates: July 9–10 Hyatt Regency, Long Beach, California Classified Session: July 11, the Aerospace Corporation
    JOINT NAVIGATION CONFERENCE 2019 Positioning, Navigation and Timing Technologies: The Foundation for Military Ops and Homeland Security ONSITE PROGRAM July 8–11, 2019 Tutorials: July 8 Show Dates: July 9–10 Hyatt Regency, Long Beach, California Classified Session: July 11, The Aerospace Corporation Sponsored by the Military Division of the Institute of Navigation www.ion.org/jncwww.ion.org/jnc Technical Program Overview Track A: Beacon A Track B: Shoreline Ballroom Track C: Seaview Ballroom Track D: Beacon B TRACK AND CHAIR: David Wolfe Dr. David Chapman Elliott Kaplan Dr. Greg Reynolds USCG NAVCEN AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate The MITRE Corporation US Army MONDAY, JULY 8: TUTORIALS Advanced Celestial Navigation Systems 10:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Precise Timekeeping and Applications DOD PNT Architecture (PNTA) Standard GPS 101 for Warfighter Platforms Lunch is on Your Own: 12:00 p.m. - 1:30 p.m. An Introduction to Cryptography with 1:30 p.m. - 3:00 p.m. GPS Resilience for the Warfighter DOD PNT Architecture (PNTA) Standard PNT Gaps for Autonomous Applications Attention to Navigation Break: 3:00 p.m. - 3:30 p.m. D1: Multi-GNSS Receivers for Military 3:30 p.m. – 5:00 p.m. A1: Autonomous Systems and PNT B1: PNT Requirements and Solutions C1: GPS Modernization Applications TUESDAY, JULY 9: FOUO SESSIONS A2: Complementary PNT 1: Naturally 8:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. B2: Modeling and Simulation 1 C2: Military GPS User Equipment 1 D2: Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) 1 Occurring Measurement Sources Break in Exhibit Hall: 10:00 a.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Nov 2019 Advisory Board Minutes
    NATIONAL SPACE-BASED POSITIONING, NAVIGATION, AND TIMING ADVISORY BOARD Twenty-Fourth Meeting November 20-21, 2019 November 20-21, 2019 Hilton Oceanfront Cocoa Beach, Florida ADM (Ret. USCG) Thad Allen, Chair Mr. James J. Miller, Executive Director (page intentionally left blank) 2 Agenda (https://www.gps.gov/governance/advisory/meetings/2019-11/) WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 2019 8:30 - 8:35 BOARD CONVENES Call to Order, Logistics, & Announcements Mr. James J. Miller, Executive Director, National Space-Based PNT Advisory Board, NASA Headquarters 8:35 - 9:30 Welcome & Kick-Off of 24th PNTAB Meeting Priorities & Proposed Topic Focus Areas Concise Roundtable Discussion VIEW PDF (3 MB) ADM Thad Allen, Chair; Hon. John Stenbit, Deputy Chair; Dr. Bradford Parkinson, 1st Vice- Chair; Governor Jim Geringer, 2nd Vice-Chair 9:30 - 9:45 National Coordination Office (NCO) for Space-based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) PNT Policy Activity Update VIEW PDF (554 KB) Mr. Harold 'Stormy' Martin, Director, National Coordination Office for Space-Based PNT 9:45 - 10:00 Update on Air Force Space Command Reorganization Activities Role of GPS Integration Office VIEW PDF (992 KB) Lt Gen David Thompson, Vice-Commander, Air Force Space Command 10:00 - 10:30 GPS Program Status & Modernization Milestones IIIF, OCX, & Emerging Capabilities for Users VIEW PDF (1 MB) Lt Col Ken McDougall, Chief, GPS Integration Branch, GPS Integration Office, Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC) 10:30 - 10:45 BREAK 10:45 - 11:10 U.S. Dept. of Transportation (DOT) Developments on PNT Resiliency VIEW PDF (2 MB) Dr. Andrew Hansen, DOT Liaison to the GPS Program Office 11:10 - 11:35 3 DHS S&T PNT Program and Conformance Framework Science & Technology Directorate (S&T) Update VIEW PDF (630 KB) Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the GPS Program the Global Positioning System
    History of the GPS Program The Global Positioning System (GPS) is the principal component and the only fully operational element of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The history of the GPS program pre-dates the space age. In 1951, Dr. Ivan Getting designed a three-dimensional, position-finding system based on time difference of arrival of radio signals. Shortly after the launch of Sputnik scientists confirmed that Doppler distortion could be used to calculate ephemerides, and, conversely, if a satellites position were know, the position of a receiver on earth could be determined. Within two years of the launch of Sputnik the first of five low-altitude “Transit” satellites for global navigation was launched. In 1967, the first of three “Timation” satellites demonstrated that highly accurate clocks could be carried in space. In parallel with these efforts, the 621B program was developing many of the characteristics of today’s GPS system. In 1973 these parallel efforts were brought together into the NAVSTAR-Global Positioning System, managed by a joint program office headed by then-colonel Dr. Brad Parkinson at the United States Air Force Space and Missile Systems Organization. This office developed the GPS architecture and initiated the development of the first satellites, the worldwide control segment and ten types of user equipment. Today, it continues to sustain the system as the Global Positioning System Directorate of the Space and Missile Systems Center. All performance parameters for the system were verified during ground testing by 1978. Ten development satellites were launched successfully between 1978 and 1985 and the initial ground segment that would provide the critical uploads to the satellites was also developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Signal Analysis of the First GPS III Satellite
    1 This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in GPS Solutions. The final 2 authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-019-0882-7. 3 4 Signal analysis of the first GPS III satellite 5 Steffen Thoelert1), Peter Steigenberger2), Oliver Montenbruck2), Michael Meurer1) 6 1) Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institute of Communications and Navigation, 82234 Wessling, 7 Germany 8 2) Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, German Space Operations Center, 82234 Wessling, Germany 9 10 Steffen Thoelert, [email protected], ORCID 0000-0003-4653-318X 11 Peter Steigenberger, [email protected], ORCID 0000-0003-1905-6699 12 Oliver Montenbruck, [email protected], ORCID 0000-0003-4783-745X 13 Michael Meurer, [email protected], ORCID 0000-0001-7465-6705 14 15 Abstract 16 The signal-in-space of the first GPS Block III spacecraft is analyzed based on radio-frequency measurements 17 collected with a 30 m high-gain dish antenna as well as data from geodetic GPS receivers. The spectral properties 18 and modulation characteristics are discussed with focus on the L1 band, which employs a novel interlaced majority 19 voting technique for combination of the C/A, P(Y), and L1C data+pilot signal components. Compared to the 20 preceding generation of Block IIF satellites, a modified shaping of the L1 transmit antenna gain pattern is found, 21 which results in lower carrier-to-noise density ratios at mid to high elevations. Along with this, use of a separate 22 transmission chain for the military M-code signal is evidenced through the analysis of in-phase/quadrature signal 23 components and the derived transmit antenna gain variations.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Security 2010
    SPACE SECURITY 2010 spacesecurity.org SPACE 2010SECURITY SPACESECURITY.ORG iii Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publications Data Space Security 2010 ISBN : 978-1-895722-78-9 © 2010 SPACESECURITY.ORG Edited by Cesar Jaramillo Design and layout: Creative Services, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Cover image: Artist rendition of the February 2009 satellite collision between Cosmos 2251 and Iridium 33. Artwork courtesy of Phil Smith. Printed in Canada Printer: Pandora Press, Kitchener, Ontario First published August 2010 Please direct inquires to: Cesar Jaramillo Project Ploughshares 57 Erb Street West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 6C2 Canada Telephone: 519-888-6541, ext. 708 Fax: 519-888-0018 Email: [email protected] iv Governance Group Cesar Jaramillo Managing Editor, Project Ploughshares Phillip Baines Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada Dr. Ram Jakhu Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University John Siebert Project Ploughshares Dr. Jennifer Simons The Simons Foundation Dr. Ray Williamson Secure World Foundation Advisory Board Hon. Philip E. Coyle III Center for Defense Information Richard DalBello Intelsat General Corporation Theresa Hitchens United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research Dr. John Logsdon The George Washington University (Prof. emeritus) Dr. Lucy Stojak HEC Montréal/International Space University v Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1 Acronyms PAGE 7 Introduction PAGE 11 Acknowledgements PAGE 13 Executive Summary PAGE 29 Chapter 1 – The Space Environment:
    [Show full text]
  • GPS and Galileo Friendly Foes? Brig Gen Kenneth Newton Walker Kenneth Walker Enlisted at Denver, Colorado, on 15 December 1917
    GPS and Galileo Friendly Foes? Brig Gen Kenneth Newton Walker Kenneth Walker enlisted at Denver, Colorado, on 15 December 1917. He took flying training at Mather Field, California, getting his com- mission and wings in November 1918. After a tour in the Philippines, he returned to Langley Field, Virginia, in February 1925 with a subsequent assignment in December 1928 to attend the Air Corps Tactical School. Retained on the faculty as a bombardment in- structor, Walker became the epitome of the strategic thinkers at the school and coined the revolutionary airpower “creed of the bomber”: “A well-planned, well-organized and well-flown air force attack will constitute an offensive that cannot be stopped.” Following attendance at the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1933 and promotion to major, he served for three years at Hamilton Field, California, and another three years at Luke Field, Ford Island, and Wheeler Field, Hawaii. Walker returned to the United States in January 1941 as assistant chief of the Plans Division for the chief of the Air Corps in Washington, DC. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in July 1941 and colonel in March 1942. During this time, when he worked in the Operations Division of the War Department General Staff, he coauthored the air-campaign strategy known as Air War Plans Division—Plan 1, the plan for organizing, equipping, deploying, and employing the Army Air Forces to defeat Germany and Japan should the United States become embroiled in war. The authors completed this monumental undertaking in less than one month, just before Japan at- tacked Pearl Harbor—and the United States was, in fact, at war.
    [Show full text]
  • RINEX Version 3.04 I
    RINEX The Receiver Independent Exchange Format Version 3.04 International GNSS Service (IGS), RINEX Working Group and Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services Special Committee 104 (RTCM-SC104) November 23, 2018 Acknowledgement: RINEX Version 3.02, 3.03 and 3.04 are based on RINEX Version 3.01, which was developed by: Werner Gurtner, Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland and Lou Estey, UNAVCO, Boulder, Colorado, USA. RINEX Version 3.04 i Table of Contents 0. REVISION HISTORY .............................................................................................................................. 1 1. THE PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF RINEX .................................................................................. 9 2. GENERAL FORMAT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 11 3. BASIC DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Time .................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Pseudo-Range ................................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Phase ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Table 1: Observation Corrections for Receiver
    [Show full text]
  • Gps Iii Contract Award
    Gps Iii Contract Award thatRallentando Winnie fritted and catchpenny his Jamaican. Jae Denny never bleedimages juicily? his bookies! Imparisyllabic and contributive Ruby extrudes so telegraphically There was an integral part of defense daily news, read this contract provides systems, and commercial and How many GPS 3 satellites are there? Boeing Forms International GPS III Team 4604. The retention award achieves a balance between mission success meeting. US Navy Awards Booz Allen 17M GPS Contract. Can GPS work without Internet? The contract complete a Cost Plus Incentive payment Award Fee CPIF AF contract. Awarded the jaw to build the first 10 GPS III satellites The men Force plans to competitively award satellites 11 through 32 in fiscal year. Why do still need 3 satellites for GPS? Air Force Awards GPS III Launch Services Contract to SpaceX. A modification to the GPS III development contract to implement COps. Lockheed Martin has awarded Harris a 243M contract shall produce digital navigation payloads for the US Air Force's have two Global. Gps iiif program officials from space and lps per year until eventually controlled clock failure, he works on. Service is ready, and making measurements, as soon as routing and. Honeywell To Supply 45 Million In Inertial Measurement. Thanks for military and critical infrastructure requirements include costs. General Dynamics Awarded 25 Million by Lockheed Martin. Fact too Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS. Report Lockheed to Build Additional GPS III Follow-On. The Boeing team is pursuing the US Air Force's of generation GPS III development contract slated for arm in early 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Precise Point Positioning Using Dual-Frequency GPS and GLONASS Measurements (URL
    UCGE Reports Number 20291 Department of Geomatics Engineering Precise Point Positioning Using Dual-Frequency GPS and GLONASS Measurements (URL: http://www.geomatics.ucalgary.ca/research/publications) by Changsheng Cai August 2009 UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Precise Point Positioning Using Dual-Frequency GPS and GLONASS Measurements by Changsheng Cai A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOMATICS ENGINEERING CALGARY, ALBERTA AUGUST, 2009 © Changsheng Cai 2009 Abstract This thesis presents a comprehensive study on Precise Point Positioning (PPP) using combined GPS/GLONASS dual frequency code and carrier phase observations. The existing PPP technique is implemented using only GPS measurements, which will be restricted from use in some situations such as in urban canyons and open-pit mine areas due to insufficient satellite number. In addition, the positioning accuracy and convergence time of PPP need to be further improved. A good strategy is to integrate GPS and GLONASS. In this research, a combined GPS/GLONASS traditional PPP model and a combined GPS/GLONASS UofC PPP model are developed, including their functional and stochastic models. The combined GPS and GLONASS PPP models have been implemented in a new version of the P3 software package. The performance of the combined GPS and GLONASS PPP is assessed using static data from IGS tracking network and kinematic data from an experiment. Numerical results indicate that the positioning accuracy and convergence time have a significant improvement after adding GLONASS observations. A further improvement can be expected when a full GLONASS constellation is completed in the near future.
    [Show full text]
  • GPS III ASP Pre-Brief
    GLOBALGLOBAL POSITIONINGPOSITIONING SYSTEMSYSTEM StatusStatus CGSIC 27 May 2007 Doug Louden Chief, Civil GPS Liaison, USCG 2SOPS/GPSOC Civil Analyst Schriever AFB Colorado Springs, CO. (719) 567-6615 GPS: FREE – DEPENDABLE – RELIABLE - ACCURATE 1 Introduction Like the Internet, GPS has become a critical component of the global information infrastructure Applications that enable broad new capabilities Facilitating innovations in efficiency, safety, environmental, public security, and science Over the past decade, GPS has grown into a global utility providing space-based positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) Consistent, predictable, dependable performance and policy Augmentations improve performance even further GPS: FREE – DEPENDABLE – RELIABLE - ACCURATE 2 GPS: Global Public Service Global GPS civil service performance commitment continuously met/exceeded since 1993 Access to civilian GPS service is free of direct user charges As well as USG augmentation services Public domain documentation Free and equal availability to all users and industry Equal opportunity to develop user equipment and compete on the world market Owned and operated by the U.S. Government Managed at national level as multi-use asset Acquired and operated by U.S. Air Force on behalf of USG GPS: FREE – DEPENDABLE – RELIABLE - ACCURATE 3 Overview GPS Constellation Status Recent GPS Accomplishments Status of GPS programs GPS Block IIR/IIR-M GPS Block IIF GPS Block III Summary GPS: FREE – DEPENDABLE – RELIABLE - ACCURATE 4 The Global Positioning System Baseline 24 satellite constellation in medium earth orbit Global coverage, 24 hours a day, all weather conditions Satellites broadcast precise time and orbit information on L-band radio frequencies Two types of signals: Standard (free of direct user fees) Precise (U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing a Robust, Interoperable GNSS Space Service Volume (SSV) for the Global Space User Community
    Developing a Robust, Interoperable GNSS Space Service Volume (SSV) for the Global Space User Community Frank H. Bauer, FBauer Aerospace Consulting Services (FB-ACS) Joel J. K. Parker, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Bryan Welch, NASA Glenn Research Center Werner Enderle, ESA European Space Operations Center BIOGRAPHIES Frank H. Bauer is President of FBauer Aerospace Consulting Services where he provides systems engineering, Guidance Navigation and Control (GN&C), space-borne Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), space vehicle formation flying and small spacecraft development expertise and consultation services. Mr. Bauer previously was NASA’s Chief Engineer for Exploration Systems, where he provided engineering and technical leadership to NASA’s initiative to develop and operate a sustained human space exploration presence beyond Low Earth Orbit. He also served as Chief of the GN&C Division at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and Wallops Flight Facility. He received his Engineering Bachelor's and Master's degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics from Purdue University. Joel J. K. Parker is an Aerospace Engineer in the Navigation and Mission Design Branch (Code 595) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), where he contributes to several projects in the fields of mission design, navigation, and space policy. Joel is the GSFC PNT policy lead, where he is involved in projects related to GPS, GNSS, and space-based PNT services. He is the technical team lead for the GPS Block III Space Service Volume (SSV) requirements development effort, mission design analyst for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and has previously been an engineer and developer on the General Mission Analysis Tool software development team.
    [Show full text]