HO-313 George Anderson Shop

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 02-07-2013 HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike Private

Description: The Day-O'Neal-French House is a three-story, three-bay by two-bay brick structure that appears to have running bond on the northwest elevation and what appears to be four-to-one common bond on the other elevations. It has a rubble stone foundation and a gable roof with asphalt shingles and a northeast-southwest ridge. The house has an interior brick chimney on both gable ends. On the southeast elevation is a three-bay by one-bay, two-story, shed-roofed brick addition with a long, shed-roofed frame dormer on it. The northeast elevation has a one- story frame addition with German siding and a shed roof that slopes down to the northeast. It is two bays square and has a pentroof on the northwest. It is attached to the east bay of the main block and to the rear addition.

Significance: In 1830 George Ellicott, Samuel Ellicott, Andrew Ellicott, and John Ellicott divided up the land that had been owned and settled by the original Ellicott brothers. The Day-O'Neal-French House is located on lot eleven of that partition of the Ellicott's land. In 1842 George Ellicott sold lot eleven, which was just over one acre, to John Day for $250. The low price suggests that the lot was not improved by buildings, and the structure that is there now must have been built by Day shortly after he purchased the land. John Day is listed in the 1860 census as a 47-year- old master stone mason. It is ironic that, in a town built primarily in stone, especially those buildings constructed before the Civil War, master stone mason John Day built in brick. Nevertheless, he probably laid much of the brick himself John and Sarah Jane Day sold their house in 1867 to a fellow stone mason, Michael O'Neal. Michael and Mary O'Neal sold their house in 1904 to Mary and John French; he was a driver. Maryland Historical Trust Inventory No. HO-313 Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties Form

1. Name of Property (indicate preferred name)

historic Day-O'Neal-French House other 2. Location

street and number 3723 Old Columbia Pike not for publication city, town Ellicott City vicinity county Howard

3. Owner of Property (give names and mailing addresses of all owners) name Lee & Connie Ellis street and number 3723 Old Columbia Pike telephone city, town Ellicott City state MD zip code 21043 4. Location of Legal Description

courthouse, registry of deeds, etc. Howard County Courthouse liber 4655 folio 204 city, town Ellicott City taxmap25A tax parcel 134 tax ID number 5. Primary Location of Additional Data Contributing Resource in National Register District Contributing Resource in Local Historic District Determined Eligible for the National Register/Maryland Register Determined Ineligible for the National Register/Maryland Register Recorded by HABS/HAER Historic Structure Report or Research Report at MHT Other: 6. Classification

Category Ownership Current Function Resource Count district public agriculture landscape Contributing Noncontributing X building(s) X private commerce/trade recreation/culture 1 0 buildings structure both defense religion 0 0 sites site X domestic social 0 0 structures object education transportation 0 0 objects funerary work in progress 1 0 Total government unknown health care vacant/not in use Number of Contributing Resources industry other: previously listed in the Inventory I 7. Description Inventory No. HO-313

Condition

excellent deteriorated X good ruins fair altered

Prepare both a one paragraph summary and a comprehensive description of the resource and its various elements as It exists today.

Summary: The Day-O'Neal-French House is a three-story, three-bay by two-bay brick structure that appears to have running bond on the northwest elevation and what appears to be four-to-one common bond on the other elevations. It has a rubble stone foundation and a gable roof with asphalt shingles and a northeast- southwest ridge. The house has an interior brick chimney on both gable ends. On the southeast elevation is a three-bay by one-bay, two-story, shed-roofed brick addition with a long, shed-roofed frame dormer on it. The northeast elevation has a one-story frame addition with German siding and a shed roof that slopes down to the northeast. It is two bays square and has a pentroof on the northwest. It is attached to the east bay of the main block and to the rear addition.

Description: The Day-O'Neal-French House is located at 3723 Old Columbia Pike, on the southeast side of the road, in Ellicott City in northeastern Howard County, Maryland. The house is set close to the road and faces northwest toward it. It is a three-story, three-bay by two-bay brick structure that appears to have running bond on the northwest elevation and what appears to be four-to-one common bond on the other elevations, though they are patched and all of the brick is painted white, disguising the bond pattern. It has a rubble stone foundation and a gable roof with asphalt shingles and a northeast-southwest ridge. The house has an interior brick chimney on both gable ends. On the southeast elevation is a three-bay by one-bay, two-story, shed-roofed brick addition with a long, shed-roofed frame dormer on it. The ground slopes up steeply behind the house.

The northwest elevation has a door in the west bay with six panels and a stained glass transom that has the street number incorporated into the design. There is a splayed brick jack arch. The other two bays have a six-over-six double hung sash with a splayed brick jack arch, a wood sill, and exterior blinds. The second story has three matching six-over-six double hung sash and the third story has short frieze windows with three-over-three sash, splayed brick jack arches, and blinds. There is a wood box cornice with returns. The southwest elevation has a typical six-over-six sash in the west bay of both stories of the main block, and no openings in the south bay, the third story, or the gable end. There is a six-over- six double hung sash on both stories of the addition. The northeast elevation has a one-story frame addition with German siding and a shed roof that slopes down to the northeast. It is two bays square and has a pentroof on the northwest. It is attached to the east bay of the main block and to the rear addition. The north bay of the main block has a wood six-panel door that has the narrow frieze panels set in the center. The opening has a splayed brick jack arch. The second story has a typical six-over-six double hung sash in the north bay and no opening in the east bay. The third story has two one-over-one sash with wood sills, splayed brick jack arches, and exterior blinds. The second story of the rear addition has a six-over-six sash. Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Inventory No. HO-313 Historic Properties Form

Name Continuation Sheet

Number 7 Page 1

The frame addition has a six-over-six sash in the north bay of the northwest elevation and a door with nine lights over three lying panels in the west bay. The northeast elevation has a French door in the east bay and a six-over-six sash in the north bay. 8. Significance Inventory No. HO-313

Period Areas of Significance Check and justify below

_ 1600-1699 agriculture economics health/medicine performing arts _ 1700-1799 archeology education industry philosophy X 1800-1899 X architecture engineering invention politics/govemment _ 1900-1999 _ art entertainment/ landscape architecture religion 2000- commerce recreation law science communications ethnic heritage literature social history community planning exploration/ maritime history transportation conservation settlement military other:

Specific dates N/A Architect/Builder N/A

Construction dates c. 1842

Evaluation for:

. National Register .Maryland Register X not evaluated

Prepare a one-paragraph summary statement of significance addressing applicable criteria, followed by a narrative discussion of the history of the resource and its context. (For compliance projects, complete evaluation on a DOE Form - see manual.)

Summary: In 1830 George Ellicott, Samuel Ellicott, Andrew Ellicott, and John Ellicott divided up the land that had been owned and settled by the original Ellicott brothers. The Day-O'Neal-French House is located on lot eleven of that partition of the EUicott's land. In 1842 George Ellicott sold lot eleven, which was just over one acre, to John Day for $250. The low price suggests that the lot was not improved by buildings, and the structure that is there now must have been built by Day shortly after he purchased the land. John Day is listed in the 1860 census as a 47-year-old master stone mason. It is ironic that, in a town built primarily in stone, especially those buildings constructed before the Civil War, master stone mason John Day built in brick. Nevertheless, he probably laid much of the brick himself John and Sarah Jane Day sold their house in 1867 to a fellow stone mason, Michael O'Neal. Michael and Mary O'Neal sold their house in 1904 to Mary and John French; he was a driver.

Signiflcance: In 1830 George Ellicott, Samuel Ellicott, Andrew Ellicott, and John Ellicott divided up the land that had been owned and settled by the original Ellicott brothers. The Day-O'Neal-French House is located on lot eleven of that partition of the EUicott's land, and was one of the tracts that passed to Andrew Ellicott and was purchased, along with numerous other parcels of land, by George Ellicott in 1841. The following year George Ellicott sold lot eleven, which was just over one acre, to John Day for $250. The lot extended on both sides of the Columbia Turnpike and was wedged in between the old oil mill seat and the Friends Meeting House lot. The low price suggests that the lot was not improved by buildings, and the structure that is there now must have been built by Day shortly after he purchased the land. The use of small frieze windows became common in Baltimore in the 1820s and continued there into the 1840s. Though Day had an acre of land, most of it was, like many lots in Ellicott City, steep rocky terrain that was not convenient to build back on. Instead, he built up.

John Day is listed in the 1860 census as a 47-year-old master stone mason. It is ironic that, in a town built primarily in stone, especially those buildings constructed before the Civil War, master stone mason Maryland Historical Trust Maryland Inventory of Inventory No. HO-313 Historic Properties Form

Name Continuation Sheet

Number 8 Page 1

John Day built in brick. He was 28 when he purchased the lot, and brick was generally cheaper than stone, so it was likely economics that drove him to use brick. Nevertheless, he probably laid much of the brick himself It is not known when he first came to Ellicott City, but stonework on the railroad or the growth of the town that resulted from the railroad could have drawn him here at an early age. In any case, John and Sarah Jane Day sold their house in 1867 to a fellow stone mason, Michael O'Neal. O'Neal is listed in the 1870 census as a 60-year-old native of Ireland, but the following census puts his age at 53. The latter is probably more accurate, and if so, O'Neal may have worked for Day. It is not clear whether Day or O'Neal was responsible for the brick addition on the back of the house. Michael and Mary O'Neal sold their house in 1904 to Mary and John French; he was a driver.'

This building was originally misidentified as the George Anderson Shop, later Wessel's Florist. Anderson's is the building to the northeast of this house. There is reportedly a private graveyard behind the house that was established in 1844, but the stones no longer survive. According to Celia Holland, a John Ray buried his infant son here in 1855, and the burial certificate is signed by John Day. The name Ray is almost surely a typo, since the house was never owned by a Ray family. It must have been Day who buried his child behind his home.^

' U. S. Bureau of the Census, District 2, Howard County, Maryland, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1910.

^ Celia M. Holland, Ellicott City, Maryland: Mill Town. U.S.A. (Tuxedo, MD: author, 1970, rev. ed. 2003), p. 247. 9. Major Bibliographical References Inventory No. HO-313

See footnotes

10. Geographical Data

Acreage of surveyed property .062 A Acreage of historical setting lA 7 '/2 P Quadrangle name Ellicott City Quadrangle scale: 1:24000

Verbal boundary description and justification

The boundaries consist of the property lines for tax map 25 A, parcel 134, which encompasses all of the historic structures on the property.

11. Form Prepared by

name/title Ken Short organization Howard County Department of Planning & Zoning date January 2010 street & number 3430 Courthouse Drive telephone 410-313-4335 city or town Ellicott City state Maryland

The Maryland Inventory of Historic Properties w^as officially created by an Act of the Maryland Legislature to be found in the Annotated Code of Maryland, Article 41, Section 181 KA, 1974 supplement.

The survey and inventory are being prepared for information and record purposes only and do not constitute any infringement of individual property rights.

retum to; Maryland Historical Tmst DHCD/DHCP 100 Community Place Crownsville, MD 21032-2023 410-514-7600 Day-0'Neal-Frenc^TOuse (HO-313) 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City CHAIN OF TITLE

GRANTOR/HOME GRANTEE/HOME DATE LIBER/ INSTRU­ CONSIDE ACREAGE NOTES FOLIO MENT R-ATION Lee E. Ennis MDR Deed- Dolores Stewart Gaudry/? David C. Ennis 2/15/1999 $262,500 2,728 sq. ft. 4655-204 Fee Simple Connie L. Ennis/? EUery M. Miller, Jr. MDR Deed- Dolores Stewart Gaudry/? 1/15/1993 $179,000 2,728 sq. ft Florence A. Miller (HAV)/? 2755-648 Fee Simple William R. Stall Ellery M. Miller, Jr. CMP Deed- 9/6/1985 $122,550 2,728 sq. ft Anne E. Baker (HAV)/? Florence A. Miller (H/W)/? 1382-418 Fee Simple William R. Stall William R. Stall CMP Deed- 6/2/1980 $0 2,728 sq. ft Anne E. Baker / Howard Anne E. Baker (H/W)/? 1003-334 Fee Simple William B. Anderson/ CMP Deed- William R. Stall/? 10/3/1979 $105,000 2,728 sq. ft Howard 966-114 Fee Simple Lorena D. Puhl William B. Anderson/ CMP Deed- 5/19/1970 $5.00 2,728 sq. ft Edward P. Puhl (son)/? Howard 532-379 Fee Simple Lorena D. Puhl SS of Ellicott City to RHM Deed- Kenwick Co./MD Corp Edward P. Puhl (son)/ 8/12/1958 $5.00 9 Clarksville State Road 318-522 Fee Simple Howard No. 16 Columbia Pike Lorena D. Puhl, widow/ RHM Deed- Kenwick Co./MD Corp 8/12/1958 $5.00 9 A.B.P. d. Feb. 1958 Howard 318-520 Fee Simple J. Karl Schwartz & wife Adolph B. & Lorena D. RHM Deed- 2/15/1957 $5.00 2,737 sq. ft. AKA "Old French Property" Mildred S./ Howard Puhl (H/W)/ Balto. City 294-40 Fee Simple Murray G. Peddicord & wife J. Karl & Mildred S. MWB Deed- 12/23/1948 $5.00 2,737 sq. ft. AKA "Old French Property" Helen S. / Howard Schwartz (H/W)/? 207-530 Fee Simple Charles M. & Helen W. Murray G. & Helen S. BM Jr. Deed- 2/28/1947 $5.00 2,737 sq. ft. $2,000 mortgage Scott (H/W)/ Howard Peddicord (H/W)/ Howard 196-6 Fee Simple Harold N. & Selma H. Charles M. & Helen W. BMJr. Deed- 2/25/1946 $5.00 2,737 sq. ft. Taylor (H/W)/ Howard Scott(H/W)/ Howard 188-548 Fee Simple Isaac H. & Rose Taylor Harold N. & Selma H. BMJr. Deed- 1.20.3 A 3/16/1943 $5.00 2 Parcels (H/W)/ Howard Taylor (H/W)/ Howard 177-300 Fee Simple 2. 2,737 sq. ft. Kathryn M. Gerber, widow Thomas J. French dec'd & Mary G. French, single Isaac H. & Rose Taylor BMJr. Deed- divorced (1921) 7/11/1941 $5.00 2,737 sq. ft. John J. French, single/ (H/W)/? 171-75 Fee Simple Mary French d. 12/24/1930- Balto. Co. resided here Kathryn M. Gerber Written Wills Mary G. French 12/22/1930 Mary French MFB7- Bequest John J. French Probated 267 Thomas J. French 1/13/1931 Day-0'Neal-Frenc^TCuse (HO-313) 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City CHAIN OF TITLE

GRANTOR/HOME GRANTEE/HOME DATE LIBER/ INSTRU­ CONSIDE ACREAGE NOTES FOLIO MENT R-ATION Katherine T. O'Neal John J. O'Neal & wife Mary/ WWLC Deed- Grantors are heirs of Michael Mary French/ Howard 5/19/1906 $1.00 ? Norfolk, Va. /McKeesport, 82-225 Fee Simple O'Neal PA Mary O'Neal, widow of Mary French wife of John WWLC Deed- Michael 3/3/1904 $5.00 1,874 sq.ft. - French/ Ellicott City 82-224 Fee Simple Julia O'Neal /? John Day & wife Sara Jane/ Michael O'Neal & wife WWW Deed- Metes & bounds of earlier 3/30/1867 $1,000 1,874 sq.ft. Howard Mary/ Howard 27-50 Indenture deed incorrect In Ellicott's Mills on Columbia Turnpike "at the John Day & wife Sara Jane/ WWW Deed- Michael O'Neal/ Howard 1/14/1865 $1,000 Lot 50 X 60' foot of the stone steps leading Howard. 23-537 Fee Simple to the Friends or Quaker Meeting House" p/o West Ilchester, lot 11 in George Ellicott & wife John Day/ Howard. Dist., JLM Deed- deed of partition between Agnes B./ Howard. Dist AA 5/11/1842 $250 1 A 7 Vi p. AACo. 3-319 Indenture George Ellicott et al Co. 10/18/1830 Lots 11, 14 in Howard Evan T. Ellicott JLM Deed- George Ellicott/Balto. Co. 3/19/1841 $5,000 9 Lots21,24, 25, 27, 29in Andrew Ellicott/Balto. City 1-337 Indenture Balto. Co. George Ellicott/Balto. Co. Andrew & John get lots 4, 7, WSG Samuel Ellicott/Balto. City Deed of 11, 14, 17,21,24,25,27,29, 10/18/1830 15-531 41 Lots Andrew Ellicott/Balto. City Partition 33, 36,40 & 41 AACo. John Ellicott/Balto. City See also 15-524 HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City Ellicott City quad HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City Sanborn Maps HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City Ellicott City quad 1953, Photorevised 1966 and 1974

Tax Map 25A, Parcel 134 National Web Map Service 6" Orthophoto Map, c 2010 HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City Photos by Jennifer K. Cosham, 11/28/2012 North elevation

West elevation HO-313 Day-O'Neal-French House 3723 Old Columbia Pike, Ellicott City Howard County, Maryland Ken Short, photographer

Photo Log Nikon D-70 camera HP Premium Plus paper HP Gray Photo print cartridge

HO-0313_2009-04-07_01 Northeast & northwest elevations

HO-03132009-04-0702 Northwest & southwest elevations