Public Disclosure Authorized DEMAND FOR DISTRIBUTED RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION IN PAKISTAN Main Report
June 2016 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
This report was prepared by Elan Partners (Pvt.) Ltd, under contract to The World Bank.
It is one of several Strategy to Scale- [P146251], which was implemented over the period January 2015 to June 2016. The activity was funded and supported by the Asia Sustainable and Alternative Energy Program (ASTAE), a multi-donor trust fund administered by The World Bank, and was led by Oliver Knight (Senior Energy Specialist) and Anjum Ahmad (Senior Energy Specialist).
This report provides an assessment of the potential for distributed renewable energy generation, particularly through solar for large public buildings, major hospitals, major universities, water supply and sewerage pumps, agricultural pumps and agro processing units in selected areas of Pakistan. The work involved data collection, detailed site visits in the selected study areas, and desk-based analysis. The World Bank wishes to thank those organizations that generously provided their time, data and assistance to the consultant team, including representatives from K-Electric, Islamabad Electricity Supply Company (IESCO), and Lahore Electricity Supply Company (LESCO). This report is accompanied by a detailed set of annexes, which can be found here.
Copyright © 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK Washington DC 20433 Telephone: +1-202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org
This work is a product of the consultants listed, and not of World Bank staff. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent.
The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work and accept no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: +1-202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected]. Furthermore, the ASTAE Program Manager would appreciate receiving a copy of the publication that uses this publication for its source sent in care of the address above, or to [email protected].
Demand for Distributed Renewable Energy Generation in Pakistan
Volume 1 of 3
Main Report
Ref.: FRT16-V05-WBDG
June 2016
[Incorporates minor revisions to version published May 2016]
Prepared for: The World Bank Group
Élan Partners (Pvt.) Ltd Head Office: 4th Floor, Rizwan Plaza, 9 West, Blue Area, Sector F-6, Islamabad, Pakistan Tel.: +92 (51) 227 2582-85 Fax: +92 (51) 227 2580 Regional Office: 2nd Floor, Azam Tower, Arbab Road Stop, University Road, Peshawar Tel.: +92 (91) 5842009 Email: [email protected] , Web: www.elan.com.pk
Report disclaimer: Élan Partners has prepared this document in accordance with the instructions of The World Bank Group for its sole and specific use. Any other persons, companies, or institutions who use any information contained herein do so at their own risk. Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
ACRONYMS AND KEY TERMS ACSR Aluminum Conductor, Steel Reinforced AC Alternating Current AEB Islamabad Area Electricity Board AJK Azad Jammu and Kashmir APs Anaerobic Treatment Ponds ASTAE Asia Sustainable & Alternative Energy Program BISE Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education BOP Bank of Punjab CCI Council of Common Interest CDGK City District Government Karachi CEO Chief Executive Officer CPPA (G) Central Power Purchase Agency (Guarantee) CSP Concentrated Solar Power DC Direct Current DISCO Distribution Company ELR Energy Loss Reduction ESCO Energy Service Company FH Frere Hall FPs Facultative Treatment Ponds FST Final Settlement Tanks FY Fiscal Year GKBWSS Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply System GPO General Post Office GSO Grid System Operation GWh Giga Watt hours HP Horse Power HPS Hub Pumping Station HT High Tension IESCO Islamabad Electric Supply Company IPPs Independent Power Producers JPMC Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre KDA Karachi Development Authority
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KDHL Khaliq Dina Hall Library K-ELECTRIC Karachi Electric KESC Karachi Electric Supply Company Limited KMC Karachi Metropolitan Corporation KPT Karachi Port Trust KWSB Karachi Water & Sewerage Board KW Kilowatt LESCO Lahore Electric Supply Company LGH Lyari General Hospital LML Liaquat Memorial Library LT Low Tension MD Maximum Demand MGD Millions of Gallons per Day MVA Mega-Volt Ampere MW Megawatt NBP National Bank of Pakistan NEPRA National Electric Power Regulatory Authority NEK North East Karachi Pumping Station PAEC Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission PDC Power Distribution Centre P&E Planning & Engineering PKR Pakistani Rupee PPP Public Private Partnership PR Pakistan Railway PST Primary Settlement Tanks PTV Pakistan Television Corporation Limited PV Photo Voltaic QA Solar Quaid-e-Azam Solar Power (Pvt.) Ltd QAHM Quaid-e-Azam House Museum RBSs Re-Broadcast Stations SBB State Bank Building SDO Sub- Divisional Officer SMIU Sindh Madressatul Islam University SNGPL Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited
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SSH Sindh Services Hospital SSP SP-HQ Senior Superintendent Police, South Police Headquarters STP Software Technology Park T&D Transmission & Distribution TF Treatment Facility ToR Terms of Reference T/L Transmission Line T/TI Telecom Telematique Inc. UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply US United States WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority WASA Water and Sanitation Agency WB The World Bank
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY For the last decade Pakistan has been suffering from a persistent power sector crisis, with insufficient generation capacity to meet demand. As a result the power system frequently operates under stress conditions with significant load shedding, especially during the summer season, when the gap between supply and demand reaches its peak. One attractive and increasingly cost-effective way to help plug the gap, and meet growing electricity demand, is the deployment of alternative renewable energy sources like wind, solar, waste-to-energy, bioenergy, and geothermal. There is already some investment in biomass, solar and wind, but the potential for scale- up is much larger. The energy sector is one of three priority areas for The World Bank’s engagement in Pakistan. This includes development of renewable power generation, so that the energy sector meets electricity demand in an efficient, affordable and environmentally sustainable manner. The World Bank commissioned this study to assess the potential for distributed energy generation, particularly through solar for large public buildings, major hospitals, major universities, water supply and sewerage pumps, agricultural pumps and agro processing units in selected areas of Pakistan. This is part of a broader activity titled ‘Strategy for Scale-Up of Renewable Energy in Pakistan’ [Project ID: P146251], which includes a number of other components. There is increasing international interest in solar power due to continued cost reductions, with investment occurring at every part of the spectrum. Within urban areas, solar can be installed on rooftops, industrial zones, carparks, or in redundant areas surrounding buildings, providing power during the daytime that can help offset consumer demand. Any surplus power can be fed into the grid, thereby contributing to power supply in major load centers without requiring new transmission or distribution lines. The objectives of this study are to: Analyze the potential demand for provision of electricity from distributed renewable energy generation to help power water supply and sewage pumps, hospitals, universities and other large public buildings in Karachi and Lahore; Identify possible sites (including rooftops) for solar photovoltaic installations in Karachi and Lahore; Analyze distributed renewable energy generation potential in remote grid- connected areas by identifying promising locations which exhibit the
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characteristics of, among others: land availability, technical feasibility, economic viability with limited government intervention, and a potentially interested off-taker (DISCO). Élan Partners (Pvt.) Limited Islamabad in association with Telecom Telematique Inc. (T/TI) USA was awarded the contract for this study following a competitive procurement, and the work involved desktop analysis, data gathering from the respective distribution supply companies, site visits to all the buildings and facilities covered, and finally analysis and write-up. Karachi and Lahore were targeted for the first two objectives due to their market size and potential demonstration, with the expectation that any success could be replicated in other cities and provinces of Pakistan. This necessitated liaison with K-Electric and Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO). For the third objective relating to remote, end-of-grid areas, Islamabad Electric Supply Company (IESCO) was selected. Key Findings Karachi From the 20 large buildings assessed, total demand is about 6.7 Mw, and there is potential to install up to 79 MW of solar PV; Aggregated demand of all government buildings could be in the range of 40-50 MW; There is a close relationship between peak demand and the supply curve for solar installations in Karachi due to the high air conditioning load; One high potential candidate for solar is the Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB) because they: .1. Have a number of large facilities (about 150) with aggregated demand of about 74 MW, that contain large roof spaces and additional unused area on the ground; .2. Are one of the largest consumers on the K-Electric system with total demand of surveyed facilities is about 49 MW having solar potential of about 188 MW, but have large billing arrears, providing an incentive among all those involved to reduce their consumption from the grid; .3. Have facilities that are situated in the wind corridor, potentially allowing for hybrid installations (solar and wind); Total demand of five hospitals surveyed is about 7.4 MW, comprising 9.2 MW of potential supply from solar if all available space were utilized, including from parking areas. However estimated demand of all public
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sector hospitals will be about 21 MW (taking an average of 700 KW for each hospital, as most of hospitals are small);; Space is available to install more solar capacity than the actual electricity demand of buildings and hospitals that were surveyed. Summary of solar potential in Karachi area is as under KARACHI (K-ELECTRIC) Public Parameters KWSB Major Hospitals Buildings Demand of Facilities Surveyed 49 7 6 (MW) Space Available (sq. m) 1,477,000 110,500 946,800 Potential Solar Capacity (MW) 188 9 75 Financial Payback Period 5-6 5-6 5-6 (Years) Lahore From the 20 buildings assessed in Lahore, there is potential to install up to 33 MW of solar PV; This is equal to around double the capacity requirement of all buildings assessed; There is less complementarity in Lahore when compared to Karachi between the solar supply curve and peak demand, which occurs more strongly in the evening period; However, solar would still help to alleviate load shedding in the daytime; Of the types of buildings assessed, the greatest potential was found in university campuses, where total demand could be met five times over by installing solar. Summary of solar potential in LESCO area is as under LAHORE (LESCO) Parameters Major Universities Major Hospitals Public Buildings Overall Demand of 6 8 17 Facilities Surveyed (MW) Space Available (sq. m) 72,312 56,700 339 Potential Solar Capacity 5 3 33 (MW) Financial Payback Period 5-6 5-6 5-6 (Years) The information obtained from these three consumer categories is too little to recommend a broad, generalized way forward in estimating the potential for distributed renewable (solar) energy. However, the data collected represents just the tip of the iceberg, and hints at significant potential existing in urban areas in Pakistan. More detailed surveys and economic analysis would be required to
vi June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan determine the viability of each individual installation, but based on the analysis in this report the surveyed sites are all strong candidates. Punjab Rural Areas The analysis carried out reveals options for improving network stability in rural areas towards the end of feeder lines either by adopting energy loss reduction (ELR) OR by switching over power supply from central generation to alternative renewable generation. By applying ELR methods – either bifurcation, reconductoring at a higher capacity, or installation of shunt capacitors (fixed) – heavy expenses would be involved except in the case of capacitors, which are a short term solution. However, as a long term solution, the other two options are essential and cannot be ignored. Similarly by taking certain consumers or groups of consumers off-grid by providing them with a stand-alone system, the net relief on system loading would not be substantial. Furthermore, there are potential dividends in terms of energy conservation that might be obtained from the visual and awareness- raising impact of installing solar systems. The major benefits that are could be attained from installation of solar systems are listed below: Consumers facilitation on long term basis; Financial health of beneficiaries would improve manifold; Reduction in O&M expenses being borne by consumers in current scenario; Set out class precedence for other category consumers to go after alternative energy source; Daily 5-10 hours of un-interrupted power operations; Suitable for remote water shed and rain fed areas; Long working life; Small pay back periods, particularly if high value crops are grown; Socio economic uplift due to continuous power supply.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ...... 1-1
OVERVIEW ...... 1-1
PROJECT BACKGROUND ...... 1-2
PROJECT OBJECTIVES ...... 1-3
SCOPE OF WORK ...... 2-1
TASK 1: KARACHI ...... 2-2
TASK 2: LAHORE ...... 2-3
TASK 3: END-OF-GRID ...... 2-4
DELIVERABLES / SPECIFIC OUTPUTS EXPECTED FROM VENDOR ...... 2-6
METHODOLOGY ...... 3-1
KARACHI (TASK–I) ...... 4-1
K ELECTRIC ...... 4-1 Introduction ...... 4-1 Methodology ...... 4-3 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 4-4
KARACHI WATER & SEWERAGE BOARD (KWSB) ...... 4-8 Introduction ...... 4-8 Methodology ...... 4-12 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 4-13 Dhabeji Pumping Station ...... 4-14 Pipri Pumping Station ...... 4-17 North East Karachi Pumping Station ...... 4-19 Hub Pumping Station ...... 4-21 Gharo Pumping Station ...... 4-23 Sewage Treatment Plants ...... 4-25 Preliminary Siting & Analysis ...... 4-32 Analysis ...... 4-33
MAJOR HOSPITALS...... 4-34 Introduction ...... 4-34 Methodology ...... 4-34 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 4-35 Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi ...... 4-35 Civil Hospital Karachi ...... 4-38 Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center ...... 4-40 Sindh Services Hospital ...... 4-43 Lyari General Hospital ...... 4-45
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Preliminary Siting & Analysis ...... 4-47 Analysis ...... 4-48
TWENTY LARGE PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 4-48 Introduction ...... 4-48 Methodology ...... 4-49 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 4-50 Mazar-e-Quaid ...... 4-51 Radio Pakistan Karachi ...... 4-52 KDA Headquarters, Civic Center ...... 4-53 Hockey Stadium Karachi ...... 4-55 SSP South Police Headquarters ...... 4-56 National Stadium Karachi ...... 4-57 Pakistan Railway Station: Karachi Cantt...... 4-58 Karachi Port Trust (KPT) Building, Karachi ...... 4-61 Pakistan Television, Karachi Center ...... 4-63 Sindh Madressatul Islam University ...... 4-65 Karachi Municipal Corporation Building ...... 4-66 State Bank Building ...... 4-68 Frere Hall ...... 4-70 Liaquat Memorial Library ...... 4-71 Quaid-e-Azam House Museum ...... 4-73 Zoological Garden ...... 4-74 National Museum ...... 4-75 Khaliq Dina Hall Library ...... 4-77 Supreme Court Karachi Registry ...... 4-78 Mohatta Palace ...... 4-80 Preliminary Siting & Analysis ...... 4-81 Analysis ...... 4-82
LAHORE (TASK – 2) ...... 5-84
5.1 LESCO 5-84 5.1.1 Introduction ...... 5-84 5.1.2 Methodology ...... 5-85 5.1.3 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 5-86 LESCO Generation Capacity (MW) and Energy (GWh) Supplied Annually ..... 5-87 LESCO Monthly Billing and Account Receivables (Unpaid) ...... 5-87 Typical Daily Load Curve (Peak Season) & Monthly Peak in Lahore Area ...... 5-88 Monthly Peak in Lahore Area ...... 5-90
5.2 MAJOR UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-92 5.2.1 Introduction ...... 5-92 5.2.2 Methodology ...... 5-92
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5.2.3 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 5-93 Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Major Universities ...... 5-93 Typical Daily Load Curve in Peak Period & Monthly Peak ...... 5-93 Current Tariff Applied to Major Universities ...... 5-95 Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Major Universities ...... 5-96 Universities demand & its Contribution to Peak Period of Supply System ...... 5-97 Specific Data ...... 5-100 5.2.4 Preliminary Siting & Analysis ...... 5-100 Analysis ...... 5-101
5.3 HOSPITALS ...... 5-102 5.3.1 Introduction ...... 5-102 5.3.2 Methodology ...... 5-102 5.3.3 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 5-103 Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand from Major Hospitals...... 5-103 Typical Daily Load Curve (In Peak Period) ...... 5-103 Current Tariff Applied To Major Hospitals ...... 5-105 Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Major Hospitals...... 5-105 Hospitals demand & its Contribution to Peak Period of Supply System ...... 5-106 Share of Account Receivables by Hospitals...... 5-110 5.3.4 Preliminary Siting and Analysis ...... 5-110 Analysis ...... 5-110
5.4 PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 5-111 5.4.1 Introduction ...... 5-111 5.4.2 Methodology ...... 5-111 5.4.3 Data Collection and Analysis ...... 5-112 Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of 20 Large Public Buildings ...... 5-112 Typical Daily Load Curve (in Peak Period) ...... 5-112 Current Tariff Applied to Public Consumer Categories ...... 5-114 Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Public Buildings ...... 5-116 Characteristics of the Demand of Buildings & its Contribution to Peak ...... 5-116 Share of Account Receivables by Buildings ...... 5-120 Specific Data ...... 5-120 5.4.4 Preliminary Siting and Analysis ...... 5-120 Analysis ...... 5-121
END-OF-GRID (IESCO) ...... 6-1
INTRODUCTION ...... 6-1 IESCO System Statistics ...... 6-2
METHODOLOGY ...... 6-4 Organizational Approach ...... 6-4
SCREENING ANALYSIS ...... 6-5
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Tail-End-Grid & T/Lines Network, ...... 6-5 Potential Aggregated Demand in End of Grid ...... 6-20 Site Specific Demand Analysis ...... 6-22 Data Collection ...... 6-23 The Technical Data ...... 6-25 Load Curves Based on Peak Demand ...... 6-25 Field Inspection ...... 6-28 Current Tariff ...... 6-29 Economic Growth & Development Plans in Remote Area ...... 6-46 Least Cost Analysis ...... 6-46 Backup Generator Cost ...... 6-46 Estimation of Supplying Solar Installation ...... 6-47 Rehabilitation of Distribution System ...... 6-51 Methods/Tools of Distribution Rehabilitation (Hierarchy) ...... 6-51
COST COMPARISON FOR VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES...... 6-52
PRELIMINARY SITING ...... 6-55
CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION ...... 7-1
CONCLUSION ...... 7-1
RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 7-4
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 4-1: K-ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM ...... 4-1
FIGURE 4-2: K-ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LOSSES ...... 4-2
FIGURE 4-3: TYPICAL SYSTEM DEMAND FOR 2012 ...... 4-6
FIGURE 4-4: TYPICAL SYSTEM DEMAND FOR 2013 ...... 4-6
FIGURE 4-5: TYPICAL SYSTEM DEMAND FOR 2014 ...... 4-7
FIGURE 4-6: MONTHLY PEAK IN KARACHI AREA ...... 4-7
FIGURE 4-7: EXISTING KWSB WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM ...... 4-11
FIGURE 4-8: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF KWSB WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM ...... 4-11
FIGURE 4-9: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF KWSB WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM ...... 4-12
FIGURE 4-10: A PHOTOGRAPH OF DHABEJI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-14
FIGURE 4-11: MONTHLY PEAK OF DHABEJI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-16
FIGURE 4-12: MONTHLY PEAK OF PIPRI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-18
FIGURE 4-13: MONTHLY PEAK OF NEK PUMPING STATION ...... 4-20
FIGURE 4-14: MONTHLY PEAK OF HUB PUMPING STATION ...... 4-22
FIGURE 4-15: MONTHLY PEAK OF GHARO PUMPING STATION ...... 4-24
FIGURE 4-16: MONTHLY PEAK OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT – I ...... 4-27
FIGURE 4-17: MONTHLY PEAK OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT – II ...... 4-29
FIGURE 4-18: MONTHLY PEAK OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT – III ...... 4-31
FIGURE 4-19: ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL ...... 4-36
FIGURE 4-20: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL ...... 4-37
FIGURE 4-21: MONTHLY PEAK OF CIVIL HOSPITAL KARACHI ...... 4-39
FIGURE 4-22: JINNAH POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL CENTRE ...... 4-41
FIGURE 4-23: MONTHLY PEAK OF JPMC ...... 4-42
FIGURE 4-24: MONTHLY PEAK OF SSH KARACHI ...... 4-44
FIGURE 4-22: MONTHLY PEAK OF LGH KARACHI ...... 4-46
FIGURE 4-26: MONTHLY PEAK OF KDA HEADQUARTERS ...... 4-54
FIGURE 4-27: KARACHI CANTONMENT RAILROAD STATION ...... 4-59
FIGURE 4-28: MONTHLY PEAK OF PR CANTT. STATION ...... 4-60
FIGURE 4-29: MONTHLY PEAK OF KPT BUILDING ...... 4-62
FIGURE 4-30: MONTHLY PEAK OF PTV CENTER ...... 4-64
FIGURE 4-31: MONTHLY PEAK OF SBB ...... 4-69
FIGURE 4-32: A PHOTOGRAPH OF FRERE HALL ...... 4-70
FIGURE 4-33: QUAID-E-AZAM HOUSE MUSEUM ...... 4-73
FIGURE 4-34: MONTHLY PEAK OF SUPREME COURT ...... 4-79
FIGURE 5-1: GEOGRAPHICAL MAP OF LESCO ...... 5-85
FIGURE 5-2: TYPICAL LOAD PROFILE OF LESCO FOR THE YEAR 2012 ...... 5-89
FIGURE 5-3: TYPICAL LOAD PROFILE OF LESCO FOR THE YEAR 2013 ...... 5-89
FIGURE 5-4: TYPICAL LOAD PROFILE OF LESCO FOR THE YEAR 2014 ...... 5-90
FIGURE 5-5: MONTHLY PEAK ...... 5-91
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FIGURE 5-6: UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB...... 5-92
FIGURE 5-7: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON OF UNIVERSITIES 2012 ...... 5-94
FIGURE 5-8: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON OF UNIVERSITIES 2013 ...... 5-94
FIGURE 5-9: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON FOR UNIVERSITIES 2014 ...... 5-95
FIGURE 5-10: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2012...... 5-98
FIGURE 5-11: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2013...... 5-99
FIGURE 5-12: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD OF SUPPLY 2014 ...... 5-100
FIGURE 5-13: GANGA RAM HOSPITAL ...... 5-102
FIGURE 5-14: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON OF THE HOSPITALS 2012 ...... 5-103
FIGURE 5-15: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON OF THE HOSPITALS 2013 ...... 5-104
FIGURE 5-16: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON OF THE HOSPITALS 2014 ...... 5-104
FIGURE 5-17: DEMAND OF HOSPITALS AND CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2012 ...... 5-107
FIGURE 5-18: DEMAND OF HOSPITALS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD OF SUPPLY 2013 ...... 5-108
FIGURE 5-19 : DEMAND OF HOSPITALS AND CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD OF SUPPLY 2014 ...... 5-109
FIGURE 5-20: EXPO CENTER, LAHORE ...... 5-111
FIGURE 5-21 : TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS 2012 ...... 5-113
FIGURE 5-22 : TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS 2013 ...... 5-113
FIGURE 5-23 : TYPICAL DAILY LOAD PROFILE IN PEAK SEASON FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS 2014 ...... 5-114
FIGURE 5-24: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2012 ...... 5-117
FIGURE 5-25: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2013 ...... 5-118
FIGURE 5-26: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2014 ...... 5-119
FIGURE 6-1: GEOGRAPHICAL MAP OF IESCO ...... 6-1
FIGURE 6-2: COMPUTED & RECORDED PEAK DEMAND OF IESCO (2012-14) ...... 6-2
FIGURE 6-3: NUMBER OF CONSUMERS OF IESCO (2012-2014) ...... 6-3
FIGURE 6-4: SALES OF 2013 ...... 6-3
FIGURE 6-5: SALES OF 2014 ...... 6-4
FIGURE 6-6: SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF GRID & T/LINES SYSTEM OF IESCO ...... 6-7
FIGURE 6-7: 25 HP TUBE WELL AT DHOK SHATAL, TALAGANG ...... 6-28
FIGURE 6-8: MEASURING LOAD AT DHARYALA JALIP, PIND DADAN KHAN ...... 6-29
FIGURE 6-9: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF CITY, TALAGANG ...... 6-32
FIGURE 6-10: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF JHATLA, TALAGANG ...... 6-33
FIGURE 6-11: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF DHARABI, TALAGANG...... 6-34
FIGURE 6-12: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF KOT SARANG, TALAGANG ...... 6-35
FIGURE 6-13: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF MAIN BAZAR, TALAGANG ...... 6-36
FIGURE 6-14: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF MOGLA, TALAGANG ...... 6-37
FIGURE 6-15: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF BILALABAD, TALAGANG ...... 6-38
FIGURE 6-16: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF MALIKWAL, TALAGANG ...... 6-39
FIGURE 6-17: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF DHOK PATHAN, TALAGANG ...... 6-40
FIGURE 6-18: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF CWO, TALAGANG ...... 6-41
FIGURE 6-19: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF MAJOR RIAZ, PINANWAL ...... 6-42
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FIGURE 6-20: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF RAWAL, PINANWAL ...... 6-43
FIGURE 6-21: TYPICAL DAILY PEAK LOAD CURVE OF SAGAR PUR, PINANWAL ...... 6-44
FIGURE 6-22: SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT ...... 6-48
FIGURE 6-23: BASIC SYSTEM OF SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS ...... 6-49
FIGURE 6-24: SOLAR WATER PUMP WORKING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ...... 6-50
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4-1: CAPACITY AND ENERGY SUPPLIED BY K-ELECTRIC ANNUALLY ...... 4-4
TABLE 4-2: K-ELECTRIC MONTHLY BILLING PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-5
TABLE 4-3: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD CURVE IN PEAK SEASONS OF YEAR 2012-14 ...... 4-5
TABLE 4-4: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD IN KARACHI AREA ...... 4-7
TABLE 4-5: SELECTED KWSB PUMPING STATIONS ...... 4-13
TABLE 4-6: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF DHABEJI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-15
TABLE 4-7: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF DHABEJI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-15
TABLE 4-8: MONTHLY BILLING OF DHABEJI PUMPING STATION PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-17
TABLE 4-9: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND AT PIPRI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-17
TABLE 4-10: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF PIPRI PUMPING STATION ...... 4-18
TABLE 4-11: MONTHLY BILLING OF PIPRI PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-19
TABLE 4-12: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND AT NEK PUMPING STATION ...... 4-20
TABLE 4-13: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF NEK PUMPING STATION ...... 4-20
TABLE 4-14: MONTHLY BILLING OF NEK PUMPING STATION PKR IN MILLION...... 4-21
TABLE 4-15: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF HUB PUMPING STATION ...... 4-22
TABLE 4-16: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF HUB PUMPING STATION ...... 4-22
TABLE 4-17: MONTHLY BILLING OF HPS PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-23
TABLE 4-18: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF GHARO PUMPING STATION ...... 4-23
TABLE 4-19: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF GHARO PUMPING STATION ...... 4-24
TABLE 4-20: MONTHLY BILLING OF GHARO PUMPING STATION PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-25
TABLE 4-21: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT - I . 4-26
TABLE 4-22: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT – I ...... 4-27
TABLE 4-23: MONTHLY BILLING OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT-I PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-28
TABLE 4-24: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT-II ...... 4-29
TABLE 4-25: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT – II ...... 4-29
TABLE 4-26: MONTHLY BILLING OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT– II PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-30
TABLE 4-27: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT - III ... 4-31
TABLE 4-28: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT - III ...... 4-31
TABLE 4-29: MONTHLY BILLING SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT – III PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-32
TABLE 4-30: PRELIMINARY SITING OF “KWSB” ...... 4-33
TABLE 4-31: LIST OF SELECTED HOSPITALS ...... 4-35
TABLE 4-32: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL ...... 4-36
TABLE 4-33: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL ...... 4-37
TABLE 4-34: MONTHLY BILLING OF ABBASI SHAHEED HOSPITAL PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-38
TABLE 4-35: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF CIVIL HOSPITAL KARACHI ...... 4-38
TABLE 4-36: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF CIVIL HOSPITAL KARACHI ...... 4-39
TABLE 4-37: MONTHLY BILLING OF CIVIL HOSPITAL KARACHI PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-40
TABLE 4-38: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF JPMC ...... 4-41
TABLE 4-39: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF JPMC ...... 4-41
i June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
TABLE 4-40: MONTHLY BILLING OF JPMC PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-43
TABLE 4-41: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF SSH, KARACHI ...... 4-43
TABLE 4-42: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SSH KARACHI ...... 4-44
TABLE 4-43: MONTHLY BILLING OF SSH KARACHI PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-45
TABLE 4-44: AGGREGATED CAPACITY AND ENERGY DEMAND OF LGH ...... 4-45
TABLE 4-45: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF LGH KARACHI ...... 4-46
TABLE 4-46: MONTHLY BILLING OF LGH KARACHI PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-47
TABLE 4-47: PRELIMINARY SITING OF “HOSPITALS” ...... 4-48
TABLE 4-48: LIST OF TWENTY (20) LARGE PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 4-50
TABLE 4-49: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF MAZAR-E-QUAID KARACHI ...... 4-51
TABLE 4-50: MONTHLY BILLING OF MAZAR-E-QUAID KARACHI PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-52
TABLE 4-51: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF RADIO PAKISTAN ...... 4-52
TABLE 4-52: MONTHLY BILLING OF RADIO PAKISTAN PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-53
TABLE 4-53: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF KDA HEADQUARTERS ...... 4-53
TABLE 4-54: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF KDA HEADQUARTERS ...... 4-54
TABLE 4-55: MONTHLY BILLING OF KDA HEADQUARTERS PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-55
TABLE 4-56: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF HOCKEY STADIUM ...... 4-55
TABLE 4-57: MONTHLY BILLING OF HOCKEY STADIUM PKR IN MILLION...... 4-56
TABLE 4-58: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF SSP SP-HQ ...... 4-56
TABLE 4-59: MONTHLY BILLING OF SSP SP-HQ PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-57
TABLE 4-60: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF NATIONAL STADIUM ...... 4-58
TABLE 4-61: MONTHLY BILLING OF NATIONAL STADIUM PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-58
TABLE 4-62: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF PR CANTT. STATION ...... 4-59
TABLE 4-63: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF PR CANTT. STATION ...... 4-60
TABLE 4-64: MONTHLY BILLING OF PR CANTT. STATION PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-61
TABLE 4-65: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF KPT BUILDING ...... 4-61
TABLE 4-66: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF KPT BUILDING ...... 4-62
TABLE 4-67: MONTHLY BILLING OF KPT BUILDING PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-63
TABLE 4-68: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF PTV CENTER ...... 4-63
TABLE 4-69: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF PTV CENTER ...... 4-64
TABLE 4-70: MONTHLY BILLING OF PTV CENTER PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-65
TABLE 4-71: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF SMIU ...... 4-65
TABLE 4-72: MONTHLY BILLING OF SMIU PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-66
TABLE 4-73: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF KMC BUILDING ...... 4-67
TABLE 4-74: MONTHLY BILLING OF KMC BUILDING PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-67
TABLE 4-75: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF SBB ...... 4-68
TABLE 4-76: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SBB ...... 4-68
TABLE 4-77: MONTHLY BILLING OF SBB PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-69
TABLE 4-78: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF FH...... 4-70
TABLE 4-79: MONTHLY BILLING OF FH PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-71
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TABLE 4-80: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF LML ...... 4-72
TABLE 4-81: MONTHLY BILLING OF LML PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-72
TABLE 4-82: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF QAHM ...... 4-73
TABLE 4-83: MONTHLY BILLING OF QAHM PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-74
TABLE 4-84: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN ...... 4-75
TABLE 4-85: MONTHLY BILLING OF ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-75
TABLE 4-86: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF NATIONAL MUSEUM ...... 4-76
TABLE 4-87: MONTHLY BILLING OF NATIONAL MUSEUM PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-77
TABLE 4-88: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF KDHL ...... 4-77
TABLE 4-89: MONTHLY BILLING OF KDHL PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-78
TABLE 4-90: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF SUPREME COURT ...... 4-78
TABLE 4-91: MONTHLY PEAK LOAD OF SUPREME COURT ...... 4-79
TABLE 4-92: MONTHLY BILLING OF SUPREME COURT PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-80
TABLE 4-93: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND OF MOHATTA PALACE ...... 4-80
TABLE 4-94: MONTHLY BILLING OF MOHATTA PALACE PKR IN MILLION ...... 4-81
TABLE 4-95: PRELIMINARY SITING OF “TWENTY LARGE PUBLIC BUILDINGS” ...... 4-82
TABLE 5-1: SALIENT FEATURES OF LESCO ...... 5-84
TABLE 5-2: CAPACITY & ENERGY SUPPLIED BY LESCO ANNUALLY ...... 5-87
TABLE 5-3: LESCO MONTHLY BILLING PKR IN MILLION ...... 5-87
TABLE 5-4: TYPICAL DAILY LOAD IN PEAK SEASON ...... 5-88
TABLE 5-5: MONTHLY PEAK ...... 5-90
TABLE 5-6: LIST OF SELECTED UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-93
TABLE 5-7: AGGREGATED CAPACITY FROM MAJOR UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-93
TABLE 5-8: MONTHLY MAXIMUM LOAD (PEAK) FOR MAJOR UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-95
TABLE 5-9: CURRENT TARIFF & CONSUMER CATEGORY FOR MAJOR UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-96
TABLE 5-10: MONTHLY BILLING UNITS OF MAJOR UNIVERSITIES ...... 5-96
TABLE 5-11: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2012 ...... 5-97
TABLE 5-12: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2013 ...... 5-98
TABLE 5-13: DEMAND OF UNIVERSITIES & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2014 ...... 5-99
TABLE 5-14: UNIVERSITIES SOLAR ESTIMATE ...... 5-101
TABLE 5-15: LIST OF SELECTED HOSPITALS ...... 5-102
TABLE 5-16: AGGREGATED CAPACITY & ENERGY DEMAND FOR MAJOR HOSPITALS ...... 5-103
TABLE 5-17: MONTHLY MAXIMUM LOAD (PEAK) FOR MAJOR HOSPITALS ...... 5-105
TABLE 5-18: CURRENT TARIFF AND CONSUMER CATEGORY FOR MAJOR HOSPITALS ...... 5-105
TABLE 5-19: MONTHLY BILLING UNITS MAJOR HOSPITALS ...... 5-106
TABLE 5-20: DEMAND OF HOSPITALS AND CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD (2011-12) ...... 5-107
TABLE 5-21: DEMAND OF HOSPITALS AND CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2013 ...... 5-108
TABLE 5-22: DEMAND OF HOSPITALS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2014 ...... 5-109
TABLE 5-23: HOSPITALS SOLAR ESTIMATE ...... 5-110
TABLE 5-24: LIST OF SELECTED BUILDINGS...... 5-112
iii June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
TABLE 5-25 : AGGREGATED CAPACITY FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 5-112
TABLE 5-26 : MONTHLY MAXIMUM LOAD (PEAK) FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 5-114
TABLE 5-27: CURRENT TARIFF AND CONSUMER CATEGORY FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS ...... 5-115
TABLE 5-28: MONTHLY BILLING UNITS ...... 5-116
TABLE 5-29: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD OF SUPPLY 2012 ...... 5-117
TABLE 5-30: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2013 ...... 5-118
TABLE 5-31: DEMAND OF BUILDINGS & CONTRIBUTION TO PEAK PERIOD 2014 ...... 5-119
TABLE 5-32: PUBLIC BUILDINGS SOLAR ESTIMATE ...... 5-120
TABLE 6-1: PMS RECORDED FORECAST (EXCLUDING LOAD SHEDDING) ...... 6-5
TABLE 6-2: PMS COMPUTED BASE FORECAST ...... 6-6
TABLE 6-3: MAXIMUM LOAD RECORDED ...... 6-8
TABLE 6-4: UNITS BILLED OF TAIL END GRIDS ...... 6-10
TABLE 6-5: PERCENTAGE LOSSES ...... 6-12
TABLE 6-6: CATEGORY WISE CONSUMER STATISTICS ...... 6-14
TABLE 6-7: LENGTH AND SIZE OF CONDUCTORS ...... 6-16
TABLE 6-8: DISTRIBUTION & CAPACITY WISE TRANSFORMER ...... 6-18
TABLE 6-9: EXISTING AND PROJECTED DEMAND OF TAIL END GRIDS ...... 6-21
TABLE 6-10: ENERGY, GENERATION AND DEMAND FORECAST FOR DISTRICT: CHAKWAL ...... 6-26
TABLE 6-11: ENERGY, GENERATION AND DEMAND FORECAST FOR DISTRICT: JHELUM ...... 6-26
TABLE 6-12: 132 KV TALAGANG AND PINANWAL GRID STATIONS FOR SPECIFIC SITE ...... 6-30
TABLE 6-13: 132 KV TALAGANG AND PINANWAL GRID STATIONS FOR SPECIFIC SITE ...... 6-31
TABLE 6-14: BIO-DATA OF CONSUMERS- TALAGANG AREA...... 6-45
TABLE 6-15: BIO DATA OF CONSUMERS – PIND DADAN KHAN AREA ...... 6-45
TABLE 6-16: THE COST OF 10 KW, 12 KW & 15 KW GENERATING UNITS ...... 6-47
TABLE 6-17: SOLAR POWER WATER PUMPS PRICES CALCULATOR ...... 6-50
TABLE 6-18: 11 KV FEEDERS- PINANWAL GIRD STATION ...... 6-54
TABLE 6-19: 11 KV FEEDERS- TALAGANG GIRD STATION ...... 6-54
TABLE 6-20: COST AFFECTIVE ...... 6-55
TABLE 6-21: PRESENT SCENARIO (SOURCE THROUGH GRID SUPPLY) ...... 6-55
TABLE 6-22: ALTERNATIVE-ENERGY GENERATION THROUGH SOLAR PV PANEL ...... 6-55 TABLE 6-23: THE COST OF 10 KW, 12 KW & 15 KW GENERATING UNITS ...... 6-55
iv June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
INTRODUCTION Overview There is a visible power generation deficiency since decade in Pakistan; resultantly power system is running under stress, huge gap in supply and demand is being met with through load management especially during summer season when the gap reaches to its peak. Considering yearly increase in demand @ 8% per annum, 1500-1700 MW capacity addition in power generation is needed every year to mitigate this problem as a long terms solution. Government of Pakistan has launched numerous power generation projects to resolve this long outstanding issue and huge investment stands planned in public and private sector. Majority of generation projects would be governed on gas or coal. However without proper fuel mix, cost per unit generation could not be minimized. The most economical approach to meet with the ultimate growing demand is the application of alternative/ renewable energy sources like wind, solar, waste-to- energy, bio fuel, geothermal etc. Accordingly exploitation of alternative sources i.e. solar and wind are on the top of agenda of the government. The wind as an alternative source is available in many parts of the country, however it can be applied mostly in coastal areas whereas Pakistan has immense solar resources suitable for both photo voltaic (PV) and thermal i.e. concentrated solar power (CSP) application. The energy sector is one of three priority area for the World Bank’s engagement in Pakistan. This includes development of renewable power generation, so that the energy sector meets electricity demand in an efficient, affordable and environmentally sustainable manner. Renewable energy, particularly solar and wind could make a substantial contribution in mitigating the issue of inadequate generation capacity and transmission constraints. The World Bank is already supporting the ongoing renewable energy resource assessment and mapping in Pakistan, and this activity will build on the interim outputs from that work. The World Bank has undertaken a study to assess the potential for distributed energy generation, particularly through solar for large public buildings, major hospitals, major universities, water supply and sewerage pumps, agricultural pumps and agro processing units in selected areas of Pakistan. In this way the World Bank intends to set precedents for other big consumers’ category to adopt same method of power generation for the respective installations. This could be helpful in easing load on power generation, transmission lines besides improving, to some extent bills recovery situation as well.
1-1 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Project Background The World Bank (WB) is undertaking a technical assistance activity to better understand the opportunities, challenges and policy barriers relating to scaling-up renewable energy in Pakistan, excluding large hydropower (which is already being extensively financed by the WB). The activity will also explore possible avenues for the WB in supporting government efforts in this regard, at federal and/or provincial levels. The activity is funded by the Asia Sustainable & Alternative Energy Program (ASTAE), a multi-donor trust fund administered by the WB. The World Bank team working on this activity carried out a scoping mission in February 2015 in Islamabad, Karachi and Lahore. The preliminary findings of the mission conclude (i) that given the severe constraint on the transmission and distribution grid, distributed generation either close to load centers and/or at the margin of the grid may contribute more effectively to meeting the peak demand while reducing the losses in supply, and (ii) that further information will be needed in order to analyze the demand of distributed renewable energy generation in large cities and at the far end of the distribution grid. To support the scoping and prioritization process, which will help conceptualize WB’s engagement under this activity, the team requires the services of a consultancy firm to assess the demand for, economically and technically feasible distributed renewable energy generation in Pakistan through targeted analysis focusing on Karachi, Lahore, and the wider Punjab Province. These locations are targeted due to their market size and potential for demonstration, but with the expectation that any successes could be replicated in other cities and provinces of Pakistan. Furthermore, the WB team is separately looking at off-grid opportunities for renewable energy which are particularly relevant to Balochistan Province. The Sindh provincial government recently called for proposals for developing distributed solar generation (5 X 20MW) projects under a Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode. In meeting with the WB mission team, K-Electric (the privately owned power utility responsible for supplying electricity to the Karachi area) indicated their interest in being part of the PPP scheme to satisfy, in particular, the demand for water and sewage pumping, hospitals, and public buildings. The Punjab provincial government has taken bold steps in attracting investment in renewable generation to meet its fast growing demand and 1,000 MW solar park is planned, of which the first 2x100 MW plant is now under commercial operation. in addition it recently called for proposals to develop distributed solar generation projects (50 sites, in the range of 5-15MW). In meeting with the WB mission team, QA Solar expressed interest in financing/building/operating
1-2 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan distributed solar generations in remote grid-connected areas in Punjab following an energy management company (also known as the Energy Service Company (ESCO)) model. In a separate meeting, LESCO (the distribution company responsible for supplying electricity to the Lahore area) indicated their interest in cooperation with a third party (to be determined) who would finance, install, and operate distributed solar generation schemes to supply the demand for public buildings, hospitals, and universities. Project Objectives As one of several contributions to the WB’s work program under this activity, the objectives of this consulting assignment are: To analyze the potential demand for provision of electricity from distributed renewable energy generation to help power water supply and sewage pumps, hospitals, and large public buildings in the Karachi area, and other groups of consumers where distributed generation can be beneficial; To analyze the potential demand for provision of electricity from distributed renewable energy generation to help power public buildings, hospitals, and universities in the Lahore area, and other group of consumers where distributed generation can be beneficial; To identify possible sites (including rooftops) for solar photovoltaic installations as distributed generation in both Karachi and Lahore; To analyze distributed renewable energy generation potential in remote grid-connected areas by identifying promising locations which exhibit the following characteristics, among others: land availability, technical feasibility, economic viability with limited government intervention, and a potentially interested off-taker (DISCO) To achieve the above objectives, WB commissioned a study for which they hired the services of Élan Partners (Pvt.) Limited Islamabad in association with Telecom Telematique Inc. (T/TI) USA to assess the demand for economic and technical feasibility of distributed renewable energy generation in Pakistan through targeted analysis focusing on Karachi, Lahore and wider Punjab province. These locations are targeted due to market size and potential of demonstration, but with the expectation that any success could be replicated in other cities and provinces of Pakistan.
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SCOPE OF WORK The scope of work is divided into following three main components/tasks based on the objectives outlined in Section 1.3 of the report. For all components, the WB expects the work to involve a combination of desk-based analysis, meetings with the respective provincial governments, DISCOs, and other relevant stakeholders, and extensive travel and site surveys within and across Karachi, Lahore and in rural parts of Punjab. Figure 1-1 shows map of Pakistan showing location of all DISCOs including K- Electric, LESCO and IESCO Figure 1-1 Map of Pakistan
2-1 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
TASK 1: KARACHI Data Collection (over a period of 3 years 2011-2014): A. General: 1. Capacity (MW) and energy (GWh) supplied by K-electric annually, 2. K-electric monthly billing and account receivables (unpaid), 3. Typical daily load curve (in peak season) and monthly peak in Karachi area, 4. Aggregated capacity and energy demand from (1) water supply and sewage pumps of Karachi Water and Sewerage Board, (2) major hospitals, and (3) 20 additional large public buildings respectively; 5. Typical daily load curve (in peak period) and monthly peak of these three consumer categories using respective feeder measurement as proxy, where applicable, back-up diesel generation should be included; 6. Current tariff applied to these three consumer categories; 7. Monthly billing and account receivables of these three consumer categories. B. Specific: 1. Number of pumps, unit capacity (kW), voltage, phase, AC or DC, location of these pumps; 2. Number of air conditioning units, unit capacity (kW), voltage, location of these units; 3. Major electric devices in addition to pumps and air conditioning units, their capacity, voltage, and location. Data Tabulation and Analysis Data tabulation and analysis should be carried out to provide: 1. Description of the characteristic of the current overall power supply system’ 2. Description of the characteristic of the demand of these three consumer categories and their respective contribution to the peak period of the supply system; 3. Location (illustrated on the map) of the medium/large electric devices of these three consumer categories; 4. Share of account receivables by these three consumer categories;
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5. Estimate of potential demand of these three consumer categories to be supplied and/or supplemented by solar photovoltaic installation. Preliminary Siting To identify siting options for the demand of these three consumer categories to be supplied and/or supplemented by distributed solar generation, such as direct on site, or an adjacent small solar park; 1. To identify possible sites (e.g. rooftop, car parking, available vacant land within the premises, sites suitable for small solar parks), based on discussions with the Sindh provincial government, K-electric, and owners of the buildings; 2. To collect the data on the available space (square meters) of these possible sites; 3. To measure the available space of rooftop for those selected buildings; 4. To illustrate on the map for each site (1) peak demand, (2) available space for solar installation, and (3) estimated solar installation capacity. TASK 2: LAHORE Data Collection (over a period of 3 years 2012-2014): A. General: 1. Capacity (MW) and energy (GWh) supplied by LESCO annually, 2. LESCO monthly billing and account receivables (unpaid), 3. Typical daily load curve (in peak season) and monthly peak in Lahore area, 4. Aggregated capacity and energy demand from (1) 20 large public buildings, (2) major hospitals, and (3) major universities respectively; 5. Typical daily load curve (in peak period) and monthly peak of these three consumer categories using respective feeder measurement as proxy, where applicable, back-up diesel generation should be included; 6. Current tariff applied to these three consumer categories; 7. Monthly billing and account receivables of these three consumer categories.
2-3 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
B. Specific 1. Number of air conditioning units, unit capacity (kW), voltage, location of these units, 2. Major electric devices in addition to air conditioning units, their capacity, voltage, and location. Data Tabulation and Analysis Data tabulation and analysis should be carried out to provide: 1. Description of the characteristic of the current overall power supply system by LESCO, 2. Description of the characteristic of the demand of these three consumer categories and their respective contribution to the peak period of the supply system, 3. Share of account receivables by these three consumer categories, 4. Estimate of potential demand of these three consumer categories to be supplied and/or supplemented by solar photovoltaic installation. Preliminary Siting 1. To identify siting options for the demand of these three consumer categories to be supplied and/or supplemented by distributed solar generation, such as direct on site, or an adjacent small solar park; 2. To identify possible sites (e.g. rooftop, car parking, available vacant land within the premises, sites suitable for small solar parks), based on discussions with the Punjab provincial government, LESCO, and owners of the buildings; 3. To collect the data on the available space (square meters) of these possible sites; 4. To measure the available space of rooftop for those selected buildings; 5. To illustrate on the map for each site (1) peak demand, (2) available space for solar installation, and (3) estimated solar installation capacity. TASK 3: END-OF-GRID Screening Analysis A. To discuss with the concerned distribution companies (DISCOs) for a preliminary list by reviewing the records of DISCOs about:
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1. Distribution line length, phase, cross section, electric configuration (single line diagram if it exists), and technical losses, 2. Capacity (MW) and energy (MWh) supplied to those remote areas annually, 3. Monthly billing and account receivables (unpaid), 4. Typical daily load curve (in peak season) and monthly peak in concerned DISCOs respectively B. To discuss/review with the Punjab Provincial Government and other key stakeholders about the prospect of economic growth and development plans in those remote areas; C. To estimate the potential aggregated demand (capacity and energy use) from the preliminary list to be supplied and/or supplemented by solar, wind or other renewable generation; Site-Specific Demand Analysis and Least Cost Analysis These more in-depth analyses are designed (i) to inform the final selection of the distributed renewable generations, and (ii) to ensure the economic viability and sustainability of the projects. D. Selecting 1-2 sites in consultation with key stakeholders for more in-depth site specific investigation and analysis based upon the result of the screening analysis, E. Collecting data on population, economic activities and development plan, and electricity demand and supply, 1. Number of pumps, unit capacity (kW), voltage, phase, AC or DC, and location, 2. Major electric devices (in particular, agriculture and agro-processing related) in addition to pumps, their capacity, voltage, and location, 3. Typical daily load curve (in peak period) and monthly peak, where applicable, back-up diesel generation should be included, 4. Cost estimate of diesel back-up generation (US cent/kWh). F. Estimating the potential demand (capacity and energy use) to be supplied and/or supplemented by solar photovoltaic installation in each selected site for a period over 10 years, G. Carry out preliminary least cost analysis to compare options of increased supply from central generation versus local solar generation in permutation
2-5 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
with other available loss reduction measures (such as elevated distribution voltage, re-conductoring, or system reconfiguration); Preliminary Siting 1. To identify siting options for the demand to be supplied and/or supplemented by distributed renewable energy sources, such as direct on site, or a small renewable energy park supplying a group of sites; 2. To identify possible sites based on discussions with the Punjab Provincial Government and other stakeholders; 3. To collect the data on the available space of these possible sites; 4. To illustrate on the map for each site (1) peak demand, (2) available space, and (3) estimated solar/renewable installation capacity. Deliverables / Specific Outputs Expected from Vendor The Consultant shall deliver: Regular updates to the WB team via both email and tri-weekly video conference calls; Formatted data from all standardized site visits and other survey data, uploaded to the WB’s Energy Open Data Platform, including use of mapping visualizations and other charts/tools as relevant; A final report summarizing the data, analysis, findings, and recommendations with relevant attachments, to be delivered at the end of the assignment.
2-6 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
METHODOLOGY The terms of reference (ToR) pertains to three different distribution companies viz; K-Electric, LESCO, End-of-Grid. However specific Distribution Company with regard to End-of-Grid was not mentioned, therefore in consultation with the World Bank, IESCO was selected to study the End-of-Grid System. Each of the three tasks had different dynamics i.e. the K-Electric is a vertically integrated system and is fully managed by private sector whereas LESCO is a Government controlled utility. Though IESCO is also a Government controlled utility but it had to be looked into differently from the study of LESCO as, in IESCO, End-of-Grid system had to be studied. Accordingly different methodology had to be used for each task of the study. Élan appointed three dedicated teams to perform activities according to scope of work against Task 1, 2 and 3 of ToR. Task 1 pertains to K-Electric, Task 2 pertains to LESCO and Task 3 related to End-of-Grid (IESCO) respectively. Each team comprised of 3 engineers (a senior engineer as team leader along with 2 junior engineers). The activities as per ToR for K-Electric and LESCO were very much identical except slight differences in identifications of locations/category consumers, whereas in case of one of distribution company (IESCO) screening analysis, site specific demand analysis and least cost analysis for installation of solar panels on agri pumps is involved. Data collection was the most important, time taking and vital requirement of the project. It is common practice in Pakistan for public and private sector entities to be reluctant to share system operational data with consultants, and there were initial concerns expressed at the start of this project.. However, with the assistance from the WB officials, the heads of K-Electric and IESCO and LESCO agreed to cooperate with the consultant. To start with detailed meetings were held with the IESCO chief and he extended his cooperation by nominating a senior officer to act as a contact point of all data collection. In the meeting with LESCO chief, he also agreed to cooperate and share all publically available data. As far as K-Electric is concerned, their concerned personnel showed great enthusiasm in the study and cooperated well. However, since the privatization of the company, their data bank is highly centralized and consequently their staff also got problem in accessing some operational data. However, the consultant team was able to get maximum system related data from them. Where ever it was not possible to get specific data, the consultant has used its best technical judgment. In addition to meeting with officials of K-Electric, LESCO and IESCO the teams deputed for Karachi and Lahore also visited and discussed with relevant officials
3-1 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan of Karachi Water and Sewerage Board, major hospitals and large public buildings at Karachi and Lahore and major universities at Lahore. Team deputed for IESCO had detailed discussion with their technical staff to identify and select two grids for detailed study. Consequent of discussion with IESCO, the team selected and visited 132kv Talagang and Pinanwal end of grid stations located in rural areas of Punjab. Overall each task was divided into three phases. The first phase involved visits to various offices/buildings/grids/sites etc. and discussion with relevant officials to collect general and specific data; data tabulation and analysis was carried out in the second phase and in third phase report writing was finalized. Tasks 1, 2 & 3 are separately discussed in detail in chapters 4, 5 & 6 of this report respectively.
3-2 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan KARACHI (TASK–I) K Electric Introduction K-Electric Limited formerly known as Karachi Electric Supply Company Limited (KESC) is the only vertically-integrated power utility in Pakistan that manages the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity to the city. The Company supplies electricity to all industrial, commercial, agricultural and residential areas that come under its network, comprising over 2.2 million customers in Karachi, the financial and industrial hub of Pakistan and in the nearby towns of Dhabeji and Gharo in Sindh and Hub, Uthal, Vindar and Bela in Balochistan. Figure 4-1 shows K- Electric power system map.
Figure 4-1: K-Electric Power System
K-Electric produces electricity from its own generation units with an installed capacity of 2341 MW and generates almost 52% electricity and purchases remaining from various Independent Power Producers (IPPs), Central Power Purchase Agency (Guarantee) CPPA (G), and the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) through import.
4-1 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan The purchased and own generated electricity is transmitted through transmission network that comprises of total 1,249 km of 220KV, 132 KV and 66 KV transmission lines with 62 grid stations and 128 power transformers interconnected with the NTDC grid system through 220KV transmission system. K-Electric’s distribution network ranks amongst the largest electricity networks in Pakistan. Power is supplied to consumers through a network of power lines, substations and pole-mounted transformers. The K-Electric distribution system consist of 1,340, 11 KV feeders with 2701 substations. There are 13,992 distribution transformers with 4,973 MVA capacities. K-Electric has succeeded in reducing line losses and recoveries in the low and medium loss areas through various process-driven initiatives. The Company’s transmission losses in June 2014 were less than 1.5% as shown in Figure 4-2. Figure 4-2: K-Electric Transmission Losses
2.50%
2.00%
1.50%
1.00%
0.50%
0.00%
Transmission Losses
Source: K-Electric Annual report 2013-14 Annual Transmission & Distribution (T&D) losses at the end of FY14 stood at 25.3%, representing a 10.6% reduction since FY09 as shown in Figure 4-3.
4-2 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan Figure 4-3: K-Electric T&D Losses (%) – Rolling Average
T&D Losses 38.0% 35.9% 36.0% 34.9%
34.0% 32.2%
32.0% 29.7% 30.0% 27.8% 28.0% 26.0% 25.3% 24.0% 22.0% 20.0% June-09 June-10 June-11 June-12 June-13 June-14
Source: K-Electric Annual report 2013-14 Methodology The Task included data collection, tabulation and analysis related to K-Electric system, Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB), Major Hospitals and 20 Large Public buildings in Karachi city. At the outset the Team visited Karachi and held discussions with concerned officials to fully understand ToR and objective of the assignment, methodology and approach for data collection particularly related to KWSB, large buildings, hospitals besides K-Electric related data. After detailed discussion five large pumping stations and three sewage treatment plants (since there are many large, medium and small installations that includes pumping stations and sewage, spread all over Karachi and data collection from all was not possible in limited time of the assignment) was selected. In the same manner five major hospitals and twenty large public buildings also selected. The Task was divided in three phases; in first phase data collection from large buildings was taken by physical survey of selected building; in second phase data collection from selected hospitals was taken followed by KES&SB. The K-Electric officials accompanied with consultant where ever it was possible. The team developed data sheets in consultation with K-Electric officials for data related to K-Electric and other three categories of consumers and handed over to KE officials. K-Electric agreed with the Consultant‘s team to provide the required data after signing of non-disclosure agreement between the Consultant and the K-Electric. This agreement restricts the consultant not to share K-Electric data with other department except World Bank. Data tabulation and analysis continued simultaneously.
4-3 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan Data Collection and Analysis Following data related to K-Electric were collected and is provided in Tables 4-1 to 4-4 whereas graphs for daily load curves are provided at Figures 4-4 to 4-6 and Figure 4-7 represents monthly peak demand in Karachi area: Capacity (MW) and Energy (GWh) supplied by K-Electric Annually (2012- 2014) K-Electric Monthly Billing (2012-2014) Account Receivables (2012-2014) (Provided in Annexure-I ;VOL 3 of 3) Typical Daily Load Curve (in peak seasons) Monthly Peak in Karachi Area (2012-2014) Analysis A brief analysis of the above data is as under: Billing and accounts receivable data show that their recoveries had been extremely good. This shows that their recovery mechanism is strong and making good recoveries as compared to other utilities in rest of the country. In addition their recoveries are improving every passing year. Daily load curve for all the three years indicates that peak comes in the afternoon. This is somewhat different from the rest of utilities in the country where peak normally is in late evening. This is due to typical weather condition of Karachi where afternoon is more humid and hot thereby air conditioning load goes high whereas in the other parts of the country afternoon starts becoming cooler. As far as high demand period is concerned, it starts from around 9.00 in the morning and goes to 7.00 in the evening; this due to industries as Karachi is industrial hub of the country. Minimum demand in the area is in between 6.00 to 9.00 in the morning. This is due to the reason that during this period most of commercial and business activities had not been started. Another interesting situation is that demand in K-Electric is normally high till mid night. This is a typical culture of Karachi where people go out to have fun late due to which commercial areas remain open till late night.
Table 4-1: Capacity and Energy Supplied by K-Electric Annually Fiscal Year Peak Auxiliary Purchase / Total Units Own-Gross Ending 30th Demand Consumption Imports Sent Out (GWh) June (MW) (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) 2012 2,596 8,029 640 7,230 14,619 2013 2,778 8,567 669 7,257 15,155 2014 2,929 8,709 659 7,282 15,332 Source: K Electric
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Table 4-2: K-Electric Monthly Billing PKR in Million
Year 2012 2013 2014
Months Billing Billing Billing July 9,811 12,707 13,280 August 9,354 13,045 13,847 September 10,393 13,525 17,349 October 9,304 12,916 1,5,071 November 10,276 12,190 12,471 December 8,336 10,285 12,987 January 7,612 9,084 12,242 February 7,586 9,224 11,945 March 7,769 9,748 12,939 April 9,565 11,706 14,935 May 10,947 12,594 17,658 June 13,395 15,040 19,133 Source: K Electric
Table 4-3: Typical Daily Load Curve in Peak Seasons of Year 2012-14
For Fiscal Year 2012 For Fiscal Year 2013 For Fiscal Year 2014 Hours of the Day 22nd May,2012 19th June,2013 18th June,2014 01:00 2,422 2,605 2,694 02:00 2,361 2,555 2,672 03:00 2,306 2,496 2,535 04:00 2,245 2,488 2,527 05:00 2,226 2,428 2,506 06:00 2,162 2,396 2,488 07:00 2,140 2,382 2,427 08:00 2,171 2,387 2,479 09:00 2,353 2,592 2,669 10:00 2,407 2,711 2,749 11:00 2,456 2,712 2,780 12:00 2,480 2,761 2,843 13:00 2,493 2,703 2,839 14:00 2,501 2,675 2,827 15:00 2,596 2,771 2,914 16:00 2,562 2,778 2,929 17:00 2,583 2,712 2,842 18:00 2,469 2,656 2,729 19:00 2,423 2,536 2,718 20:00 2,524 2,671 2,705 21:00 2,457 2,606 2,735 22:00 2,448 2,646 2,709 23:00 2,482 2,722 2,736 24:00 2,475 2,710 2,735 Source: K Electric
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Figure 4-3: Typical System Demand for 2012
2800
2300
1800
04:00 17:00 02:00 03:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00 01:00
Base Load Intermediate Load Actual Load
Month Day Date Peak Time Peak Load (MW)
May Tuesday 22/05/2012 15:00 2,596 Figure 4-4: Typical System Demand for 2013
3000
2500
2000
03:00 20:00 01:00 02:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00
Base Load Intermediate Load Actual Load
Month Day Date Peak Time Peak Load (MW) June Thursday 19/06/2013 16:00 2,778
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Figure 4-5: Typical System Demand for 2014
3000
2500
2000
01:00 04:00 02:00 03:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00
Base Load Intermediate Load Actual Load
Month Day Date Peak Time Peak Load (MW)
June Wednesday 18/06/2014 16:00 2,929
Table 4-4: Monthly Peak Load in Karachi Area 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 2,450 2,507 2,666 August 2,449 2,436 2,598 September 2,446 2,450 2,604 October 2,442 2,543 2,654 November 2,347 2,382 2,400 December 2,234 2,033 2,101 January 1,875 1,915 1,861 February 1,893 1,972 1,913 March 2,246 2,363 2,208 April 2,385 2,500 2,665 May 2,596 2,683 2,805 June 2,561 2,778 2,929 Source: K Electric Figure 4-6: Monthly Peak in Karachi Area
3500 3000 2500 2000
MW 1500 1000 500 0 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months fiscal year 2011~12 fiscal year 2011~13 fiscal year 2011~14
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Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB) Introduction .Karachi was the first capital city of the country after its birth in 1947. With a current population of Karachi is over 20 million, Karachi is the commercial and financial center of Pakistan. However, it has been plagued with chronic water shortages as well as deterioration of water quality as a result of rapid urbanization and population increase. The water supply system is normally disturbed due to frequent electricity supply interruptions and technical faults at KWSB installations there by creating a lot of inconvenience to the population at large. In addition heavy electricity bills are not manageable due to budgetary constraints. Further they cannot make adequate expenditure in maintenance of their system due to resource constraints. Therefore there is a dire need to reduce KWSB’s electricity bills. With the introduction of distributed renewable power generation this issue can be managed and improve water supply system of greater Karachi. This is also one of the objectives of this study. KWSB The Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB) was created in February 1983 under the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC). Under the Act in 1996, Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB) was separated from KMC and working under provincial Government. The Karachi Water & Sewerage Board is a service based consumer oriented organization responsible for production, transmission and distribution of potable water to the citizen of Karachi, managing sewerage system within the city to ensure hygienic environment, development of scheme to cover short falls in services and collection of revenues for sustained economic viability. Source of Supply There are two sources of water supply in Karachi; i. River Indus supplies 1,200 cusecs daily equal to 645 MGD; and ii. Hub dam supplies about 50 MGD. The Hub dam supply is rain fed so it fluctuates between about 30-75 MGD. The total water supply to Karachi is 695 MGD. However, 30 MGD are supplied to the Steel Mills and Port Qasim before the water reaches the Dhabeji pumping station leaving the city with 665 MGD.
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Bulk Distribution The supply from the River Indus comes via canals from Keenjhar, Haleji, Gharo and through conduits to the Dhabeji pumping station. The water is then distributed via conduits and distribution mains of diameters 66 inches and below. The routes are divided into, i. Northern - via Pipri to parts of the Malir cantonment areas, Gulshan COD reservoir, Gulshan Town then parts of Gadap, North Karachi, NEK, North Nazimabad, Gulberg, Liaquatabad and parts of Lyari; and ii. Southern, i.e Bin Qasim town, Landhi, Korangi, along the National Highway to Shah Faisal, Jamshed town, Saddar town (including Defense/Clifton), Leyari and Kemari. The water mains at places are interconnected. The Hub source supply is mainly for Orangi, SITE and Baldia towns. The Hub and Indus supplies at the level of the distribution mains are interconnected. The supply is therefore shared, as needed. Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply System (GKBWSS) The older system of water supply in Karachi could not cope up with the growing demand. In order to meet shortages in supply and to cater to future demands of the expanding city, the Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply Scheme was designed in 1953 for supply of 280 MGD potable water to the city. On the basis of a population projection of 3 million by the year 2000, the scheme was designed and divided into four equal phases, each of 70 MGD. It comprises of open canals, covered conduits, a tunnel, siphons, pumping stations, mains and draws water from the Keenjhar Lake. First Phase The First Phase of the scheme for bringing 70 MGD Keenjhar Lake water to the city with raw-water pumping at Dhabeji, a 70 MGD water treatment plant at COD Hills, Karachi and complete water conveyance system comprising of a 280 MGD lined canal, a conduit of equal capacity up to Pipri and of 140 MGD capacity up to Karachi, a 10 MG reservoir at COD Hills along with the distribution net-work was started in 1954 and completed in 1961at a total cost of PKR185 Million. Second Phase Contract for the Second Phase works were awarded in 1969. The main works included construction of a 70 MGD pump house at Dhabeji, laying of 84” diameter pre-stressed pipe siphons a 25 MGD pump house at Pipri and two water treatment plants of 25 and 45MGD along with 10MG reservoirs at Pipri and COD Hills respectively. Some additional trunk mains were also laid for improving the distribution system. The second phase works were completed in early 1971 at a total cost of PKR 200 Million.
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Third Phase The Third Phase works were taken up in 1975 and were commissioned in 1978. The works completed include construction of a 70 MGD pumping station at Dhabeji, two pumping stations along with water treatment plants of 25 MGD capacity each at North East Karachi and Pipri, 84” diameter pipe syphone, three balancing reservoirs and the distribution mains. Total cost of these works was PKR 750 million. A reservation for supply of 22 MGD of un-filtered water to Karachi Steel was also made under this phase. Fourth Phase Due to financial constraints, Fourth Phase work was divided into two parts. Under first stage, improvement of lined canal, modifications of the present Dhabeji Pumping stations, laying of 84” diameter pipe syphons, construction of a 25 MGD pump house and clarification units at Pipri, improvement of the secondary distribution net-work and installation of domestic meters in K.D.A. Scheme No.1 & 5 was taken up with the World Bank assistance and completed by June, 1987. After completion of these projects at a total cost of PKR 360.0 million the city water supply was augmented by 50 MGD. In 1992, the lining works of the Keenjhar-Gujjo (KG) canal was completed; water from Keenjhar Lake has been conveyed to the Gujjo Head-works through the KG canal only. Before 1992, the Jam Branch canal was used to convey water from Keenjhar Lake to the Gujjo Head-works when KG canal was closed for maintenance and lining. Now, the Jam Branch canal is only used for emergencies. From the Gujjo Headwork water is further conveyed to Dhabeji pumping station through the Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) canal (315 MGD) and the K-II/K-III canal (200 MGD). The total conveyance capacity between Gujjo and the Dhabeji pumping station is 515 MGD. The existing water supply system is shown in Figures 4-7, 4-8 & 4-9.
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Figure 4-7: Existing KWSB Water Supply System
Source: KWSB Master Plan
Figure 4-8: Single Line Diagram of KWSB Water Supply System
Source: KWSB Master Plan
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Figure 4-9: Single Line Diagram of KWSB Water Supply System
Methodology In KWSB system, there are more than 150 small, medium and large pumping stations spread in all over the city, some of these are not operational. In order to assess the full potential of distributed power generation, it was essential to analyze each and every installation in detail. However this was not possible in given time frame. Therefore the consultant selected five major pumping stations and their treatment plants. This selection was done in consultation with K-Electric. It was assumed that detailed analysis of selected installations could give fair idea for suitability/viability of distributed power generation. However, a detailed study will need to be conducted once a decision is taken for implementation distributed power generation projects. For this study, five major pumping stations and three sewerage treatment plants of KWSB were selected as given in the Table 4-5 below:
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Table 4-5: Selected KWSB Pumping Stations & Sewage Treatment Plants
Total Area Sr # Name of KWSB Sites Coordinates (sq. m) 1 Dhabeji Pumping Station 24°46’34.27”N 67°30’30.90”E 870,074 2 Pipri Pumping Station 24°53’01.87”N 67°10’38.30”E 420,873 North East Karachi Pumping 3 24°55’04.30”N 67°05’52.60”E 299,467 Station 4 Hub Pumping Station 25°01’05.62”N 67°01’14.20”E 80,120 5 Gharo Pumping Station 24°44'41.70"N 67°34' 59.21"E 72,843 Selected KWSB Sewage Treatment Plants 6 Sewage Treatment Plant-I 24°53’58”N 67°00’14.40”E 526,493 7 Sewage Treatment Plant-II 24°51’03.25”N 67°04’ 16.27”E 107,200 8 Sewage Treatment Plant-III 24°51’37.87”N 66°56’58.76”E 4,971,000 These eight sites of KWSB were chosen, having dedicated feeder. Commercial data and most of the technical data were collected from K-Electric whereas technical data that was not available were developed with the data gathered at site and using our best technical judgment. As there was change in K-Electric’s management information system from Oracle to SAP, the maximum demand record was not available for the fiscal year 2011-2012 therefore it was calculated mathematically by taking in to account the average of the load factors of the next two years. In order to collect capacity and energy demand data, physical visit to the selected pumping stations and sewage treatment plant was necessary. Therefore to get blessings/permission from the management of KWSB a meeting was held with Director Planning. Since they already had received letter from the World Bank, therefore they were aware of the purpose of study and cooperated with the consultant team and provided the required data. KWSB also deputed a Superintendent Engineer working in their Hub Pumping Station for necessary coordination for site visits and managing the data. Collection of data was still not an easy task as there were long delays and also a lack of officially documented data. Primary issue was that they don’t have adequate data base and records. This could be due to non-availability of adequate facility for data recording. However, only some of the data was provided through official channel. Other data was gathered through search on the internet from their website. In addition, most of the data gathered was based on what we were told by the concerned person and what we generally observed during our visits and meetings. Data Collection and Analysis The Data obtained directly from K-Electric and KWSB are as follow; Complete Billing data of KWSB for the fiscal years i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014 is taken from K-Electric.
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Load data of each selected KWSB sites was taken from KWSB and gathered from the site visits1. From the above information, following tabulation work was made: o Aggregated Capacity of each site o Monthly Peak Load of each site o Current Tariff applied to each Consumer during fiscal year 2012, 2013 and 2014 o Monthly Billing and account Receivable of each site All pumping stations and sewage treatment plants of KWSB are separately discussed in subsequent sections. Dhabeji Pumping Station Dhabeji Pumping Station situated at Dhabeji approximately 40 Km from Karachi on National Highway. It was built under first phase of greater Karachi bulk water supply system in 1961 through which 70 MGD Kinjhar Lake water was supplied to the city . The capacity of this pumping station was enhanced with the construction of various phases of greater Karachi bulk water supply system. Hence after completion of 4th phase of the water supply system, capacity of Dhabeji pumping station has increase to about 650 MGD water supplies to the system with 225 MGD supply capacity as standby. A photograph of Dhabeji Pumping Station is shown in Figures 4-10
Figure 4-10: A photograph of Dhabeji Pumping Station
1 Being big individual consumer power supply to all KWSB installations is being made through multiple feeders and multiple energy meters. Accordingly hourly load data is neither being maintained by K-Electric nor by KWSB. Therefore this data is not available. However, by virtue of type of facility all the pumps work on full load on round the clock basis.
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Aggregated Capacity The aggregated capacity of pumps and aggregated energy demand during the fiscal years 2012, 2013, and 2014 at Dhabeji pumping station are given in the Table 4-6.
Table 4-6: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Dhabeji Pumping Station
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (MW) (GWh) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Dhabeji Pumping 33.525 188.376 33.525 193.531 33.525 195.576 Station Pumps
Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load of all electric connections at Dhabeji Pumping station during the fiscal year 2012, 2013 and 2014 are given in the Table 4-7 and Figure 4- 11. This was calculated with help of monthly energy data, maximum demand data available for other years. Table 4-7: Monthly Peak Load of Dhabeji Pumping Station
Months 2012 2013 2014 (MW) (MW) (MW)
July 25.10 25.40 25.90
August 25.34 27.13 28.42
September 23.68 24.76 27.16
October 22.97 23.71 25.39
November 23.30 25.40 26.52
December 23.45 24.19 26.61
January 25.29 25.95 27.58
February 24.19 25.33 27.60
March 24.71 25.19 27.33
April 19.69 25.26 27.72
May 22.53 24.06 25.52
June 23.13 25.33 26.43
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Figure 4-11: Monthly Peak of Dhabeji Pumping Station
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00 MW
10.00
5.00
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied K-Electric provided seven connections to the Dhabeji pumping station. The Tariff against the each connection is B3-IH under Industrial Category. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing and account receivables of Dhabeji Pumping Station are calculated from the billing statements provided by K-Electric. The monthly billing is given in Table 4-8 while account receivables table is provided in Annexure –II; VOL 3 of 3
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Table 4-8: Monthly Billing of Dhabeji Pumping Station PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 15.564 155.746 15.423 183.927 15.801 184.246 August 16.802 168.002 15.217 196.892 15.611 231.159 September 15.307 153.517 15.586 208.573 15.861 349.016 October 14.935 154.409 15.830 201.426 15.827 293.135 November 16.919 182.742 16.458 196.603 16.231 288.080 December 15.770 167.172 16.461 188.186 15.703 311.473 January 16.089 171.061 15.838 182.927 16.053 318.553 February 16.045 157.197 16.473 191.680 16.289 321.973 March 14.796 145.605 15.734 182.840 15.406 306.330 April 14.178 144.108 17.249 198.321 17.938 354.545 May 15.317 153.804 16.709 192.609 17.551 345.486 June 16.653 186.759 16.553 209.135 17.307 341.332
Pipri Pumping Station Pipri pumping station is located on National Highway-Super Highway link road. It was built under 2nd phase of Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply System (GKBWSS). A 25 MGD pump house, 25 MGD water treatment plant, and 10 MG water reservoir were installed during the 2nd phase of the Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply System Scheme. Third phase of this scheme saw an addition of two pumping stations as well as 25 MGD water treatment plant at Pipri by 1978. A total of 28 pumps and 80 air conditioning units have been installed at this station. However air conditioning units were installed in residential houses where un-metered electricity is being used and is charged to the pumping station. Aggregated Capacity The aggregated capacity of pumps are given in the Table 4-9
Table 4-9: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand at Pipri Pumping Station
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Pipri Pumping 4.183 22.575 4.183 23.631 4.183 23.984 Station Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load of all electric connection at Pipri Pumping station is given in the Table 4-10 & Figure 4-12. This also calculated in the manner stated for Dhabeji pumping station.
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Table 4-10: Monthly Peak Load of Pipri Pumping Station 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 2.91 2.99 3.20 August 2.86 2.90 3.13 September 2.70 2.83 2.95 October 2.66 2.97 3.09 November 2.78 2.85 3.02 December 2.80 2.90 2.96 January 2.85 2.93 2.99 February 2.76 2.90 2.96 March 2.80 2.91 3.00 April 2.28 2.50 2.91 May 2.58 2.70 2.99 June 2.90 2.96 3.10
Figure 4-12: Monthly Peak of Pipri Pumping Station
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
MW 1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied According to K-Electric data; two energy meters are installed at Pipri pumping station against consumer No.BH000185 and BH000618 having sanctioned load of 1800kW and 2000kW and tariff category B3-IH and AI-R Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing and account receivables of Pipri Pumping Station are calculated from the billing statements provided by K-Electric. The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-11 while account receivables table is provided in Annexure –III; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-11: Monthly Billing of Pipri PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 2.038 22.215 1.798 28.599 1.968 30.825 August 2.005 21.871 1.781 30.023 1.912 32.588 September 1.803 19.766 1.895 32.938 2.023 41.628 October 1.749 24.795 1.946 32.506 2.041 35.466 November 1.935 28.918 2.071 33.308 2.090 34.604 December 1.890 27.349 2.054 31.965 1.815 33.747 January 1.872 26.907 1.940 30.162 1.944 36.106 February 1.871 26.179 1.996 31.092 1.981 36.708 March 1.850 25.339 1.908 29.689 1.839 34.205 April 1.641 23.095 2.094 32.502 2.096 38.908 May 1.820 25.528 2.039 31.673 2.154 39.964 June 2.103 32.252 2.109 35.035 2.121 39.363
North East Karachi Pumping Station North East Karachi pumping station is located at Abdullah Gabol – Super Highway link road, Gadap Town. Two pumping stations along with water treatment plant of 25 MGD were installed during the 3rd phase of the Greater Karachi Bulk Water Supply System Scheme by 1978. A total 43 pumps and 167 air conditioning units have been installed to date in the station. However air conditioning units were installed in residential houses where un-metered electricity is being used and is charged to the pumping station. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of all Pumps at North East Karachi Pumping Station (NEK) are given in the Table 4-12
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Table 4-12: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand at NEK Pumping Station
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) North East Karachi Pumping 9.382 38.889 9.382 19.239 9.382 19.937 Station Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load in MW of all electric connection is given in Table 4-13 and Figure 4-13 Table 4-13: Monthly Peak Load of NEK Pumping Station
2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 5.06 5.25 5.40 August 5.15 5.30 5.40 September 5.20 5.30 5.40 October 5.10 5.20 5.30 November 5.00 5.10 5.20 December 4.90 4.99 5.10 January 4.90 4.96 5.16 February 4.87 5.09 5.20 March 4.75 5.09 5.17 April 4.05 5.13 5.23 May 4.42 5.15 5.30 June 4.93 5.10 5.24
Figure 4-13: Monthly Peak of NEK Pumping Station
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00 MW
2.00
1.00
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
4-20 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Current Tariff Applied According to K-Electric data; two energy meters are installed at North East Karachi pumping station against consumer No.BH000721 and BH000722 having connected/ sanctioned load of 3130kW/ 2330kW each and tariff category are B3-IH (Industrial) Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of North East Karachi Pumping Station is given in the Table 4-14 while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure-IV ; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-14: Monthly Billing of NEK Pumping Station PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 3.364 33.641 1.517 18.083 1.628 18.952 August 3.408 34.024 1.560 20.156 1.608 23.693 September 3.343 33.428 1.573 20.927 1.589 34.850 October 3.389 35.107 1.671 21.052 1.606 29.878 November 3.286 36.074 1.589 19.056 1.637 29.102 December 3.324 35.892 1.634 18.706 1.641 32.481 January 3.250 34.535 1.621 18.620 1.588 31.466 February 3.179 31.883 1.618 18.808 1.553 30.627 March 2.978 29.244 1.543 17.931 1.531 30.365 April 2.820 28.511 1.678 19.309 1.768 34.906 May 3.014 30.347 1.615 18.638 1.733 34.229 June 3.533 39.891 1.621 20.604 2.056 40.377
Hub Pumping Station Hub Pumping Station formally known as Mangopir Pumping station. A 151 ft. high and 21,000 ft. long earthen dam was constructed by WAPDA on Hub River for creating a reservoir of almost one million acre feet storage capacity for meeting the agricultural and industrial water supply requirements of Baluchistan and for supply of 89 MGD water to Karachi for domestic use. The quality of Hub Water is comparable to Indus water and therefore, similar parameters for pumping and treatment have been adopted. The project was designed for completion in two stages. Stage-I works which comprised of a 90 MGD pump house, two steel pressure mains one 20MG reservoir, trunk mains and primary treatment of lake water by screening and chlorination were completed and commissioned in August, 1982. Stage-II works, which comprise of improvement of secondary distribution network and construction of a 90 MGD water treatment plant, will be taken up after the required fund are made available by the Govt.
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Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of all Pumps at HUB Pumping Station is given in the Table 4-15.
Table 4-15: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of HUB Pumping Station
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy sites (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) HUB Pumping 13.046 35.932 13.046 36.602 13.046 30.969 Station
Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load of electric connection at HUB Pumping station is given in the Table 4-16 & Figure 4-14 Table 4-16: Monthly Peak Load of HUB Pumping Station Month of the 2012 2013 2014 Year (MW) (MW) (MW) July 6.16 6.20 6.40 August 6.02 6.48 6.78 September 6.14 6.32 7.00 October 3.79 5.43 5.83 November 6.43 6.74 6.83 December 5.94 6.93 7.14 January 5.03 5.59 6.38 February 5.69 5.73 7.22 March 5.51 7.32 8.44 April 5.29 6.17 8.08 May 6.10 6.69 8.43 June 5.67 6.50 8.28
Figure 4-14: Monthly Peak of HUB Pumping Station
10.00 8.00 6.00
MW 4.00 2.00 0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied According to K-Electric data; one energy meter is installed at HUB pumping station against consumer No.BH000251 has connected/ sanctioned load of 3250kW/ 6500kW. The Tariff category against this connection is C2-HT (Industrial). Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of HUB Pumping Station (HPS) is given in the Table 4-17 while table of accounts receivable is provide in Annexure –V; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-17: Monthly Billing of HPS PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 2.753 32.138 3.100 40.491 3.004 38.236 August 2.800 31.916 3.127 43.825 2.658 41.201 September 3.340 37.566 3.099 45.447 2.709 56.355 October 3.000 34.004 2.906 40.324 2.973 51.089 November 3.000 31.671 3.084 40.939 2.867 46.983 December 2.800 32.133 3.088 39.566 2.787 51.369 January 3.067 34.476 3.085 38.882 2.793 51.322 February 3.023 34.024 3.115 39.944 2.493 45.919 March 3.000 35.967 2.909 38.084 2.197 40.877 April 3.083 35.563 3.221 41.022 2.091 38.924 May 2.916 33.787 2.846 36.789 2.196 41.100 June 3.150 38.834 3.021 42.069 2.202 41.044
Gharo Pumping Station Gharo Pumping Station is located in Gharo near Gharo Super highway link road. Two pump houses with the capacity of 10 MGD each and two water treatment plants of equal capacity have been installed in Gharo Pumping Station. A total of 20 pumps and 70 air conditioning units have been installed in houses at this station. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of all Pumps at this Pumping Station is given in the Table 4-18
Table 4-18: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Gharo Pumping Station 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Sites Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Gharo Pumping 1.585 8.547 1.585 9.261 1.585 10.415 Station
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Monthly Peak Load The MDI recorder is installed on tariff category B-3 (Industrial consumer) only. Therefore, same monthly load factor is considered for the domestic category connection. The total Monthly Peak load of electric connection is given in the Table 4-19 and Figure 4-15.
Table 4-19: Monthly Peak Load of Gharo Pumping Station
2012 2013 2014 Month of the Year (MW) (MW) (MW) July 1.29 1.58 1.83 August 1.65 1.69 1.94 September 1.73 1.73 1.85 October 1.24 1.26 1.69 November 1.33 1.37 1.51 December 1.29 1.41 1.43 January 1.13 1.13 1.31 February 1.39 1.50 1.58 March 1.35 1.60 1.82 April 1.30 1.60 1.83 May 1.32 1.59 1.63 June 1.46 1.54 1.59
Figure 4-15: Monthly Peak of Gharo Pumping Station
2.50
2.00
1.50
MW 1.00
0.50
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14 Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at Gharo pumping station, one with old pump house against consumer No.BH000276 and other with new pumping station against the consumer No.BH000705 having connected/ sanctioned load of 548kW/440kW and 820kW/820kW respectively. The Tariff against the energy meter of consumer No.BH000276 charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R” while of other energy meter is charged under Industrial Tariff “B3-IH”
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Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Gharo Pumping Station is given in the Table 4-20, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – VI; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-20: Monthly Billing of Gharo Pumping Station PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Amount Gharo Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Billed Pumping Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Station (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.695 7.460 0.718 10.363 0.839 11.711 August 0.710 7.610 0.752 11.754 0.868 13.991 September 0.810 8.674 0.750 11.712 0.816 17.290 October 0.615 8.439 0.590 8.949 0.833 14.904 November 0.762 10.419 0.792 11.564 0.885 15.143 December 0.725 9.279 0.801 11.320 0.829 15.847 January 0.707 9.105 0.699 9.667 0.846 16.161 February 0.711 9.260 0.806 11.414 0.828 15.762 March 0.651 8.336 0.785 11.176 0.916 17.501 April 0.684 8.909 0.859 12.063 1.012 19.285 May 0.687 8.963 0.852 11.867 0.877 16.704 June 0.790 11.078 0.857 12.642 0.867 16.533
Sewage Treatment Plants Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household sewage. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove these contaminants and produce environmentally safe treated wastewater. A by-product of sewage treatment is usually a semi-solid waste or slurry, called sewage sludge that has to undergo further treatment before being suitable for disposal or land application. Sewage treatment may also be referred to as wastewater treatment, although the latter is a broader term which can also be applied to purely industrial wastewater. For most cities, the sewer system will also carry a proportion of industrial effluent to the sewage treatment plant which has usually received pretreatment at the factories themselves to reduce the pollutant load. If the sewer system is a combined sewer then it will also carry urban runoff (storm water) to the sewage treatment plant. Sewage can be treated close to where the sewage is created, which may be called a "decentralized" system or even an "on-site" system (in septic tanks, bio filters or aerobic treatment systems). Alternatively, sewage can be collected and transported by a network of pipes and pump stations to a municipal treatment plant.
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Sewage Treatment Plant - I Sewage Treatment Plant – I is located in the Sindh Industrial Trading Estate area. The drainage from the F.B. area, Liaquatabad, Nazimabad and North Nazimabad, Pak Colony, and part of Orangi Town flows to this sewage treatment plant for treatment. The site area of this treatment plant is about 120 acres (485,623m2). The major facilities of this treatment plant include Influent pumps, Primary Settlement Tanks (PSTs), Treatment Facility (TF), Final Settlement Tanks (FSTs), and An aerobic digesters Sludge drying beds. Trickling filter process is used for treatment the wastewater. The capacity of this plant is 51 MGD (232,000 m3/d) but the plant has not been utilized to its full capacity. Currently it has been shut down for rehabilitation. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of all Pumps at Sewerage Treatment Plant - I is given in the Table 4-21
Table 4-21: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Sewerage Treatment Plant - I 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Sewerage Treatment 0.969 0.508 0.969 0.537 0.969 0.583 Plant-I Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load of electric connection at this treatment plant is given in the Table 4-22 and Figure 4-16
4-26 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Table 4-22: Monthly Peak Load of Sewerage Treatment Plant – I
2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW)
July 0.18 0.20 0.27
August 0.13 0.19 0.20
September 0.14 0.18 0.19
October 0.18 0.19 0.23
November 0.10 0.18 0.22
December 0.12 0.18 0.26
January 0.15 0.18 0.26
February 0.16 0.18 0.26
March 0.18 0.23 0.24
April 0.18 0.22 0.24
May 0.18 0.20 0.22
June 0.18 0.20 0.22
Figure 4-16: Monthly Peak of Sewage Treatment Plant – I
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15 MW
0.10
0.05
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied Only one energy meter is installed at this plant having consumer No.BH003524 and connected/sanctioned load of 812kW/ 812kW each With Tariff category of B3-IH (Industrial). Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-23, while table of account receivable is provided in Annexure – VII; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-23: Monthly Billing of Sewage Treatment Plant-I PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.046 0.508 0.039 0.505 0.044 0.552 August 0.046 0.506 0.040 0.550 0.052 0.794 September 0.051 0.557 0.037 0.548 0.049 1.115 October 0.053 0.579 0.042 0.582 0.049 0.928 November 0.040 0.488 0.040 0.519 0.049 0.862 December 0.042 0.507 0.041 0.518 0.049 1.008 January 0.035 0.431 0.050 0.614 0.049 1.008 February 0.034 0.384 0.052 0.645 0.049 0.989 March 0.038 0.409 0.049 0.607 0.049 1.008 April 0.037 0.404 0.049 0.604 0.064 1.285 May 0.042 0.460 0.049 0.604 0.080 1.595 June 0.044 0.541 0.049 0.663 0.000 0.061
Sewage Treatment Plant-II Sewage Treatment Plant–II consists of two pumping stations. Pumping Station-I is located in the Mehmoodabad area and Pumping Station-II is located in the Korangi area. The drainage from the areas of Old city, Clifton societies, Mehmoodabad, Dada Bhai, Sadder, Malir, and part of Azam Basti flows to this sewage treatment plant for treatment. The site area of this treatment plant is about 120 acres (485,623 m2). The major facilities of this treatment plant include Influent pumps, Primary Settlement Tanks (PSTs), Treatment Facility (TF), Final Settlement Tanks (FSTs), and Anaerobic digesters Sludge drying beds. Trickling filter process is used for treatment of wastewater. The capacity of this plant is 46 MGD (209,000 m3/d) but the plant has not been utilized to its full capacity. This plant has been completely shut down years ago. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of all Pumps at this Plant is given in the Table 4-24
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Table 4-24: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Sewage Treatment Plant-II 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Sewerage Treatment 1.066 2.038 1.066 1.417 1.066 1.542 Plant-II Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at this Plant is given in the Table 4-25 and Figure 4-17
Table 4-25: Monthly Peak Load of Sewage Treatment Plant – II
2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.14 0.15 0.17 August 0.13 0.14 0.15 September 0.14 0.16 0.18 October 0.15 0.16 0.18 November 0.14 0.15 0.16 December 0.13 0.14 0.16 January 0.11 0.15 0.16 February 0.10 0.15 0.16 March 0.12 0.14 0.15 April 0.10 0.13 0.15 May 0.10 0.12 0.15 June 0.11 0.13 0.15
Figure 4-17: Monthly Peak of Sewage Treatment Plant – II
0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12
0.10 MW 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied According to K-Electric data; one energy meter is installed at this Sewerage Treatment Plant having consumer No.BH000441 has connected/sanctioned load of 580kW/ 580kW each. The Tariff category applied is B3-IH (industrial). Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing from the billing statements provided by K-Electric is given in the Table 4-26, while table of account receivable is provided in Annexure –VIII; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-26: Monthly Billing of Sewage Treatment Plant– II PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.133 1.342 0.118 1.404 0.118 1.376 August 0.128 1.309 0.114 1.412 0.118 1.738 September 0.128 1.299 0.118 1.752 0.118 2.599 October 0.120 1.225 0.118 1.589 0.118 2.199 November 0.067 0.891 0.118 1.421 0.118 2.102 December 0.077 0.804 0.118 1.358 0.118 2.341 January 0.099 1.080 0.118 1.363 0.118 2.341 February 0.110 1.114 0.118 1.376 0.118 2.331 March 0.167 1.627 0.118 1.371 0.118 2.341 April 0.772 7.280 0.118 1.364 0.154 3.018 May 0.118 1.185 0.118 1.364 0.161 3.152 June 0.118 1.304 0.118 1.498 0.161 3.152
Sewage Treatment Plant-III Sewage Treatment Plant – III is located in the Mauripur area. The drainage from the areas of Old Lyari, Garden East & West, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, PIB colony, Soldier Bazar, Baldia, Nazimabad, and North Karachi flows to this sewage treatment plant for treatment. The site area of this treatment plant is about 545 acres (2,206,000 m2). The major facilities of this treatment plant include Influent pumps, Anaerobic Treatment Ponds (APs), Facultative Treatment Ponds (FPs), and Sludge drying beds. The process of treatment being used is Anaerobic + Facultative pond. The capacity of this plant is 54 MGD (245,000 m3/d) but the plant is not being utilized to its full capacity. Currently the plant has been closed for rehabilitation. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity of Pumps at this Treatment Plant is given in Table 4-27
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Table 4-27: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Sewage Treatment Plant - III 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Site Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh)
Sewerage Treatment 0.850 0.272 0.850 0.172 0.850 0.114 Plant - III Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load is given in the Table 4-28 and Figure 4-18
Table 4-28: Monthly Peak Load of Sewage Treatment Plant - III 2012 2013 2014 Months Peak Load Peak load Peak load (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.15 0.18 0.22 August 0.16 0.20 0.22 September 0.13 0.17 0.23 October 0.07 0.17 0.23 November 0.06 0.17 0.19 December 0.05 0.11 0.16 January 0.05 0.16 0.19 February 0.02 0.06 0.13 March 0.02 0.13 0.16 April 0.06 0.09 0.17 May 0.06 0.12 0.16 June 0.06 0.17 0.18
Figure 4-18: Monthly Peak of Sewage Treatment Plant – III
0.25
0.20
0.15 MW 0.10
0.05
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at this Plant having consumer No.BH000706 and BH000707 having connected/ sanctioned load of 450kW/450kW and 453kW/400kW respectively. The Tariff category is B3-IH (Industrial). Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-29, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – IX; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-29: Monthly Billing Sewage Treatment Plant – III PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.030 0.451 0.018 0.381 0.009 0.224 August 0.027 0.425 0.023 0.465 0.020 0.459 September 0.033 0.478 0.022 0.401 0.011 0.438 October 0.030 0.466 0.022 0.373 0.006 0.197 November 0.026 0.441 0.016 0.309 0.007 0.190 December 0.005 0.274 0.014 0.286 0.007 0.186 January 0.030 0.446 0.008 0.237 0.003 0.155 February 0.034 0.470 0.005 0.120 0.013 0.275 March 0.017 0.362 0.008 0.245 0.011 0.281 April 0.010 0.281 0.014 0.298 0.013 0.306 May 0.013 0.282 0.009 0.246 0.006 0.164 June 0.016 0.382 0.012 0.282 0.008 0.188
Specifics of KWSB Pumping Stations & Sewerage Treatment Plants The specific data regarding electrical load i.e. pumps, air condition units and other major electrical devices related to KWSB Pumping Stations & Sewage Treatment Plants are given in Annexure-I; VOL 2 of 3 Preliminary Siting & Analysis The Preliminary Siting at selected KWSB installation is given in the Table 4-30 below:
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Table 4-30: Preliminary Siting of “KWSB”
Available Estimated Load Solar Loading Name of Site Space Possible Sites Solar (KW) Percentage (sq. m) Capacity (KW) Vacant Land within Dhabeji Pumping 28,570 687,970 Premises & 100 Station Rooftop 55,038 Pipri Pumping Vacant Land within Station & Filter 3,200 263,050 Premises & 100 Plant Rooftop 21,044 Vacant Land within North East Karachi 5,340 182,110 Premises & 100 Pumping Station Rooftop 14,569 Vacant Land within Hub Pumping 8,440 10,696 Premises & 10 Station Rooftop 856 Gharo Pumping Vacant Land within Station & Filter 1,650 40,470 Premises & 100 Plant Rooftop 3,238 Vacant Land within Sewage Treatment 270 187,850 Premises & 100 Plant-I Rooftop 15,028 Vacant Land within Sewage Treatment 1,020 47,000 Premises & 100 Plant-II Rooftop 3,760 Vacant Land within Sewage Treatment 880 58,000 Premises & 100 Plant-III Rooftop 4,640
Total 49,370 1,477,146 118,218
Analysis Analysis carried out from the data collected from site for individual pumping stations as well as system data collected from K- Electric reveals the following: KWSB is one of the biggest consumer Cumulative load of all installation of KWSB that includes all pumping stations and filtration plants for which data was collected is 49.370 MW. There are other pumping stations and sewage treatment plants. It is estimated that overall demand of KWSB is approximately 73.81 MW Maximum demand for some of bigger installations that were visited and for which data is available is as under: o Dhabeji Pumping station 28.57 MW o Pipri Pumping station 3.2 MW o North East Karachi (NEK) 5.34 MW o Hub Pumping station 8.44 MW o Gharo Pumping station 1.65 MW o Sewage Plant –I 0.27 MW o Sewage Plant –II 1.02 MW
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o Sewage Plant –III 0.88 MW Load profiles for all pumping stations are almost flat. This is due to the reason that all pumping stations work round the clock. Same is the case with sewage plants. The energy bills analysis of selected pumping stations and treatment plants show that a heavy amount of receivables accumulated against their energy bills i.e. about PKR 38.26 billion till June 2014 only against the selected installations whereas total cumulative accounts receivable stands to about PKR 42 billion up to February 2016. Another point to be noted here is that the residents of officers and staff colonies attached with each site of KWSB installations are enjoying electricity supply without energy meters installed in their residences. Major Hospitals Introduction Karachi is a center of research in biomedicine with at least 30 public hospitals and more than 80 private hospitals. As required under the Terms of Reference (ToR), five (5) major hospitals in Karachi were chosen to be studied and analyzing their suitability for producing their own energy through distributed renewable energy. With healthcare being one of the most important basic responsibilities that a government is supposed to provide to its citizens, it is important to remove any hindrance that stands in the way of improving these healthcare facilities. Public hospitals were chosen instead of private hospitals because they are provincially operated entities which are entitled to provide healthcare services to most of the large population, common citizens, free of charge or at a nominal fee. Since public hospitals are not businesses that can run on revenue basis, the burden of payment of energy bills falls on the provincial government which in turn affects the economy of the region. To make that worse, recently, the public hospitals have been shifted from bulk user (two part tariff) to residential user system by KE in which cost per unit of energy increases. Methodology Part of the general data was collected from K-Electric. In order to collect the remaining general and specific data required, our team accompanied by a representative from K-Electric, visited the selected hospitals. Data had to be retrieved locally through meetings with the concerned persons. But gathering the data was still not an easy task as we could not get hold of persons responsible, for meetings most of the times, due to their unavailability. However most of the data was extracted during discussion with some low level staff that was actually looking after the power supply system. In addition wherever it was not possible to get some data
4-34 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan even from lower level staff, we developed some data based on our best technical judgment and little discussion with them. Five (5) major hospitals selected for detailed study is in the Table 4-31 below:
Table 4-31: List of Selected Hospitals S.No Name of Hospitals Coordinates Area(sq. m) 1 Abbasi Shaheed Hospital 54°55’12”N 67° 01’47”E 25,076 2 Civil Hospital 24°51’32.50”N 67° 00’36.50”E 37,392 Jinnah Postgraduate medical 3 240 51’06.63”N 67° 02’49.90”E 51,211 center 4 Sindh Service Hospital 24°51’30”N 67° 00’44.25”E 37,743 5 Lyari General Hospital 24°52’17.64”N 66° 59’38.30”E 32,234 Data Collection and Analysis The Data obtained directly from K-Electric for the selected Hospitals are as follow: Complete Billing data of Hospitals for the fiscal years i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014 is taken from K-Electric. Load of each Hospital sites is taken from the site visit.2 From the above information, following tabulation work was made; Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of each site Monthly Peak Load of each site Current Tariff applied to each Consumer during three years Monthly Billing and account Receivable of each site All selected hospitals are separately discussed in following sections. Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi Abbasi Shaheed Hospital is a 850 beds teaching hospital, located in Paposh Nagar neighborhood of Nazimabad, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. This hospital was constructed by the city government. The hospital caters a large number of patients arriving from other cities majorly from interior Sindh. It has witnessed rapid and immense growth throughout the years. A photograph of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital is shown in Figure 4-19
2 Power supply to most of hospitals is being made through multiple feeders and multiple energy meters. Accordingly hourly load data is neither being maintained by K-Electric nor by KWSB. Therefore this data is not available. However, load profile of hospitals mostly coincides with over all load profile of K-Electric.
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Figure 4-19: Abbasi Shaheed Hospital
Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand for the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are given in the Table 4-32. Table 4-32: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Hospital (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Abbasi Shaheed 0.5 3.86 0.5 4.65 0.5 4.42 Hospital Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at the hospital as recorded for 2012, 2013 and extrapolate and for the year 2014 on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-33 and Figure 4-20
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Table 4-33: Monthly Peak Load of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.71 0.73 1.10 August 0.48 0.84 1.02 September 0.57 0.83 1.10 October 0.50 0.75 1.02 November 0.47 0.64 0.93 December 0.74 0.79 0.91 January 0.22 0.35 0.41 February 0.35 0.39 0.49 March 0.45 0.51 0.61 April 0.65 0.74 0.80 May 0.88 0.94 1.11 June 0.92 1.03 1.11
Figure 4-20: Monthly Peak Load of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60 MW
0.40
0.20
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied Single energy meter is installed at Abbasi Shaheed Hospital with consumer No.BH001093. It has connected load of 500kW and charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT.”, and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter K- Electric changed the tariff category of the consumer from Industrial tariff to Domestic tariff category A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014.
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Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital is given in the Table 4-34, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – X; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-34: Monthly Billing of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.213 2.513 0.540 6.951 0.487 6.475 August 0.214 2.505 0.522 6.954 0.425 7.709 September 0.218 2.542 0.493 6.847 0.448 8.721 October 0.228 2.528 0.429 5.892 0.454 7.535 November 0.672 10.935 0.164 2.587 0.341 5.114 December 0.270 3.011 0.240 3.300 0.272 4.862 January 0.190 2.415 0.166 2.124 0.171 3.061 February 0.183 2.272 0.218 2.870 0.195 3.456 March 0.253 3.008 0.336 4.297 0.269 4.810 April 0.307 3.697 0.535 6.735 0.398 7.111 May 0.525 6.395 0.497 6.552 0.475 8.504 June 0.591 7.784 0.507 6.724 0.483 8.644
Civil Hospital Karachi The Civil Hospital Karachi is a 1,900-bed tertiary care public hospital that imparts both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching and training. It is one of the teaching hospitals affiliated with the Dow Medical College now the Dow University of Health Sciences. The clinical departments of the hospital include Internal Medicine, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Anesthesiology, Pediatrics, Cardiac, Surgery, Oncology, Radiology, General Surgery, Neuro Surgery and Laboratory Civil Hospital is proving all the services and facilities in one premise. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy is given in the Table 4-35
Table 4-35: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Civil Hospital Karachi 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Hospital (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Civil Hospital 3.33 8.12 3.33 7.61 3.33 8.19 Karachi
Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at Civil Hospital Karachi is given in the Table 4-36 and Figure 4-21.
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Table 4-36: Monthly Peak Load of Civil Hospital Karachi 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 1.71 1.78 1.92 August 1.27 1.51 1.86 September 1.32 1.58 1.81 October 1.55 1.61 1.79 November 1.42 1.57 1.70 December 1.31 1.60 1.88 January 0.76 0.83 1.26 February 0.82 0.93 1.10 March 1.23 1.36 1.16 April 1.35 1.67 1.72 May 1.60 1.82 1.87 June 1.71 1.81 1.95
Figure 4-21: Monthly Peak of Civil Hospital Karachi
2.50
2.00
1.50 MW 1.00
0.50
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
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Current Tariff Applied According to K-Electric data; two energy meters are installed with consumer No.BH001032 and No.BH001033 having connected/ sanctioned load of 2141kW/2141kW and 1185kW/1185kW respectively. The energy meter were charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during fiscal year 2012 and 2013,and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter K-Electric changed and charged the tariff category of the consumer from Industrial tariff category C2-HT to Domestic tariff category A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Civil Hospital Karachi is given in the Table 4-37, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XI; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-37: Monthly Billing of Civil Hospital Karachi PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 1.429 0.001 0.812 15.859 0.841 15.951 August 0.797 0.001 0.709 14.283 0.781 14.145 September 0.646 0.001 0.659 13.647 0.771 15.712 October 0.691 0.001 0.728 14.821 0.797 14.639 November 0.677 0.001 0.683 13.718 0.692 11.914 December 0.536 0.001 0.502 9.597 0.570 11.095 January 0.376 0.001 0.367 6.508 0.370 7.464 February 0.344 0.001 0.388 7.293 0.416 7.511 March 0.458 0.001 0.497 8.814 0.508 9.077 April 0.620 0.001 0.664 11.770 0.735 13.327 May 0.717 0.001 0.777 14.500 0.884 16.118 June 0.826 0.001 0.822 15.801 2.724 47.648
Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center The Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) is located at Rafique Shaheed Road in Karachi Cantonment area. It consists of many departments and laboratories, including Anatomy, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Pathology, Pharmacology and Physiology. The prime purpose of this institution, in addition to treating patients, became higher medical education, training and research. Thereafter, with the passage of time, more buildings were constructed to cater to the growing needs of various evolving specialties. A photograph of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre is shown in Figure 4-22
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Figure 4-22: Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre
Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center is given in the Table 4-38
Table 4-38: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of JPMC 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Hospital (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) JPMC 3.34 11.61 3.34 10.46 3.34 11.09
Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load during the fiscal year 2012, 2013 (actual) and calculated on the basis of previous two years for the year 2014 is given in the Table 4-39 and Figure 4-23.
Table 4-39: Monthly Peak Load of JPMC 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 2.18 2.38 2.52 August 2.21 2.16 2.62 September 2.31 2.34 3.04 October 2.08 2.19 2.71 November 1.92 1.98 2.35 December 1.60 1.85 2.25 January 1.06 1.09 1.16 February 1.03 1.15 1.26 March 1.37 1.40 1.77 April 1.64 1.75 2.17 May 2.39 2.58 2.91 June 2.39 2.61 3.07
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Figure 4-23: Monthly Peak of JPMC
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
MW 1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied Only one energy meter is installed at JPMC against consumer No.BH000045 with connected load of 3340kW. This energy meter was charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during fiscal year 2012 and 2013,and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter K-Electric changed the tariff category of the consumer to Domestic A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing from the billing statements provided by K-Electric given in the Table 4-40, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XII; VOL 3 of 3
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Table 4-40: Monthly Billing of JPMC PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 1.032 11.785 1.086 1.279 1.202 16.995 August 0.983 11.185 1.014 27.757 1.096 22.511 September 0.882 10.175 0.977 16.170 1.051 21.527 October 0.948 14.842 1.023 15.427 1.205 21.837 November 0.855 14.035 0.951 13.946 0.799 13.397 December 0.633 28.064 0.613 9.167 0.700 13.341 January 0.511 6.403 0.483 7.023 0.530 10.400 February 0.482 5.523 0.546 7.697 0.560 10.562 March 0.557 6.307 0.646 9.215 0.616 11.690 April 0.825 9.512 0.860 11.965 0.894 16.694 May 0.959 10.971 1.003 13.933 1.202 22.542 June 1.143 14.838 1.259 17.659 1.232 23.532
Sindh Services Hospital Sindh Services Hospital (SSH) is located at Aram Bagh, M.A Jinnah Road in the neighborhood of Civil Hospital Karachi. This public hospital serves the persons working under Sindh government as well as public. Sindh Services Hospital covers all the specialties and has got doctors related to all the specialties like Medicine, Surgery, Eye, ENT (Ear, Nose & Throat) Skin, Gynecology and ultrasound, X-ray, Dentistry, Physiotherapy and many more. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy are given in the Table 4-41
Table 4-41: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of SSH, Karachi 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Hospital (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Sindh Services 0.41 0.64 0.41 0.59 0.41 0.68 Hospital Karachi Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load this Hospital during the fiscal year 2012, 2013 (actual) and calculated for the year 2014 on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-42 and Figure 4-24.
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Table 4-42: Monthly Peak Load of SSH Karachi 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.18 0.26 0.29 August 0.16 0.24 0.26 September 0.10 0.23 0.27 October 0.15 0.18 0.27 November 0.15 0.17 0.23 December 0.17 0.18 0.18 January 0.13 0.13 0.14 February 0.12 0.13 0.14 March 0.15 0.19 0.24 April 0.16 0.22 0.27 May 0.13 0.24 0.27 June 0.17 0.25 0.27
Figure 4-24: Monthly Peak of SSH Karachi
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15 MW
0.10
0.05
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at Sindh Services Hospital against consumer No.BL004174 and BL003501 having sanctioned load of 375kW and 35kW respectively. These energy meters were charged under industrial tariff category “C2- HT” during fiscal year 2012 and 2013, and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter K-Electric changed tariff category of the consumer T to Domestic tariff category A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014.
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Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Sindh Services Hospital Karachi is given in the Table 4-43, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XIII; VOL 3 of 3
Table 4-43: Monthly Billing of SSH Karachi PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.056 0.897 0.067 1.205 0.071 1.257 August 0.067 1.083 0.056 1.118 0.068 1.212 September 0.061 0.973 0.047 0.964 0.064 1.206 October 0.071 1.145 0.055 1.097 0.067 1.100 November 0.062 1.001 0.050 0.992 0.059 0.983 December 0.043 0.687 0.035 0.613 0.043 0.807 January 0.028 0.457 0.027 0.511 0.026 0.509 February 0.028 0.441 0.027 0.497 0.029 0.532 March 0.035 0.534 0.038 0.653 0.036 0.667 April 0.049 0.790 0.055 0.952 0.060 1.101 May 0.062 0.996 0.063 1.185 0.169 3.046 June 0.074 1.300 0.067 1.274 0.077 1.353
Lyari General Hospital The Lyari General Hospital (LGH) is located at Lyari General Hospital, Rangiwara, Karachi, Pakistan. Sources said 500-bed Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital Karachi is considered as one of the major teaching healthcare centers of the city where around 2500 to 3000 people visit its various OPDs for consultation and treatment purpose daily. There are 14 departments in hospital where about 120 doctor, general & specialists cadre are performing their duties in three shifts. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy of Lyari General Hospital are given in the Table 4-44
Table 4-44: Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of LGH 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Hospital (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Lyari General 0.381 0.59 0.381 0.54 0.381 0.55 Hospital
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Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at Lyari General Hospital Karachi for the fiscal year 2012, 2013 (actual) and calculated for the year 2014 on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-45 and Figure 4-25.
Table 4-45: Monthly Peak Load of LGH Karachi 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.12 0.14 0.15 August 0.11 0.12 0.16 September 0.11 0.12 0.19 October 0.12 0.15 0.16 November 0.10 0.14 0.18 December 0.09 0.13 0.14 January 0.05 0.06 0.10 February 0.06 0.07 0.10 March 0.08 0.09 0.10 April 0.11 0.14 0.15 May 0.14 0.15 0.18 June 0.14 0.16 0.19
Figure 4-25: Monthly Peak of LGH Karachi
0.25
0.20
0.15
MW 0.10
0.05
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at Lyari General Hospital with consumer No.BH00039 and connected/ sanctioned load of 978kW/ 381kW each. The energy meter was charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during fiscal year 2012 and 2013,and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter K-Electric
4-46 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan changed the tariff category to Domestic tariff category A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Lyari General Hospital Karachi is given in the Table 4-46, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XIV; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-46: Monthly Billing of LGH Karachi PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.008 0.100 0.047 0.719 0.068 0.949 August 0.070 0.852 0.042 0.645 0.072 1.303 September 0.013 0.235 0.035 0.619 0.011 0.489 October 0.046 0.542 0.009 0.165 0.061 1.017 November 0.060 0.981 0.089 1.207 0.070 1.133 December 0.060 0.761 0.033 0.491 0.003 0.042 January 0.040 0.577 0.024 0.366 0.027 0.475 February 0.016 0.218 0.028 0.417 0.061 1.077 March 0.024 0.329 0.039 0.615 0.070 1.249 April 0.032 0.464 0.055 0.801 0.027 -0.485 May 0.034 0.489 0.070 0.969 0.079 1.416 June 0.045 0.722 0.072 1.010 0.053 0.946
Specifics of Five Major Hospitals The specific data regarding electrical load i.e pumps, air condition units and other major electrical devices related to five major hospitals are given in Annexure-II ; VOL 2 of 3 Preliminary Siting & Analysis The Preliminary Siting of Hospitals is given in the Table 4-47 below:
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Table 4-47: Preliminary Siting of “Hospitals”
Estimated Name of Load Available Solar Loading Possible Sites Solar Capacity Hospitals (KW) Space (sq m) Percentage (KW) Abbasi Shaheed Car Parking & 1,110 7,300 584 52 Hospital Rooftop Civil Hospital 2,350 16,400 Rooftop 1,300 55 Vacant Land Jinnah Post within Graduate 3,190 80,000 6,400 100 premises & Medical Center Rooftop Vacant Land Sindh Services within 200 800 64 32 Hospital Premises & Rooftop Vacant Land Lyari General within 540 6,000 480 88 Hospital Premises & Rooftop Total 7,390 110,500 8,828 Analysis Analysis of the above data reveals following: Peak load of Abbasi Shaheed Hospital is low (about 1 MW). Maximum demand at Civil Hospital is comparatively more (about 3.3 MW). Overall demand of hospital that were surveyed is about 6.6 MW. Jan and Feb are the months of low load. Abbasi Shaheed Hospital did not pay bills in 2012 and thereafter most of the bills are clear. Monthly load is variable which is due to weather conditions at Karachi. In some months negative dues are noted. This is due to the reason that in case of multiple meters separate bills are issued but the consumer pay through one cheque for all bills. Accounting system take it against one bill thereafter they adjust it with the other meters. JPMC demand pattern is almost same as of Civil Hospital. JPMC is good paymaster as their receivables are almost nil. Demand of Sindh Services Hospital and Lyari General Hospital is almost same and there are not much outstanding bills. Twenty Large Public Buildings Introduction Based on the requirement of the ToR twenty public sector buildings were selected with the help of K-Electric for detailed study. Selection was based on the ease of accessibility and security issue. One of the determining factors was also that these building are known to public and famous.
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Methodology Part of the general data was collected from K-Electric. In order to collect the remaining general and specific data our team, accompanied by a representative from K-Electric, visited these buildings. Data had to be retrieved locally through meetings with the concerned person’s observation during site visit, as they were hesitant to share the officially documented data In this whole assignment, data collection from these buildings was a difficult exercise primarily due to following reasons: In most of the buildings there are no single person responsible to look after the electricity system The concerned administration person was not willing to share data, perhaps they don’t keep record In some buildings they even not allowed us to enter in to their premises Energy meters installed in their premises are in precarious conditions There could also be possible that their energy meters are not working properly and they don’t want to expose their energy meters with K-Electric officials. However, consultant managed to collect some data directly from selected buildings and billing from K-Electric and missing data was developed by taking in to account our best technical judgment. The list of the twenty (20) large public buildings which are selected for this report is given in the Table 4-48 below:
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Table 4-48: List of Twenty (20) Large Public Buildings Sr # Name of Public Buildings Coordinates Area(sq. m) 1 Mazar e Quaid, Karachi 24°52’ 31.43”N 67°02’27.48”E 530,000 2 Radio Pakistan Karachi 24°51’ 37.55”N 67°01’6.36”E 5,709 KDA Head Qtr, Civic Center, 3 24°53’ 60”N 67°04’22.50”E 21,835 Gulshan e Iqbal, Karachi 4 Hockey Stadium Karachi 24°51’2.483”N 67° 02’ 17.95”E 15,881 SSP South Police Head Quarter, 5 24°52’10”N 67°01’06.74”E 24,207 Garden Karachi. 6 National Stadium, Karachi 24°53’ 46”N 67° 04’ 52”E 96,019 Pakistan Railway Station 7 24°50’ 38”N 67° 02’ 28”E 296,058 Karachi Cantt , Karachi. 8 Karachi Port trust Building, Karachi 24°50’ 50”N 66° 59’ 35”E 56,980 9 Pakistan Television, Karachi Center 24° 53’ 20”N 67° 04’ 01”E 34,603 Sindh Madarsatul Islam Building, 10 24° 51’ 04”N 67° 00’ 12”E 25,095 Awan-e-Tijarat Karachi Karachi Municipal Corporation 11 24° 51’ 20”N 67° 00’ 27.62”E 49,333 Building, Karachi 12 State Bank Building, Karachi. 24° 50’ 52.27”N 66° 59’ 56.29”E 36,006 13 Frere Hall, Karachi 24° 50’ 50.45”N 67° 01’ 57.79”E 52,691 14 Liaquat Memorial Library 24° 53’ 18.70”N 67° 03’ 54.80”E 14,510 Quaid E Azam House Museum, 15 24° 51’ 03.83”N 67° 01’ 57.92”E 8,925 Karachi 16 Zoological Garden, Karachi 24° 52’ 33”N 67° 01’ 52.50”E 144,613 17 National Museum Karachi 24° 51’ 10”N 670 01’ 67.38”E 54,178 18 Khaliq Dina Hall Library 24° 51’ 28.65”N 67° 00’ 42.50”E 4,904 19 Superme Court Registry, Karachi 24° 51’ 06”N 67° 01’ 8.70”E 62,091 20 Mohatta Palace, Karachi 24° 48’ 52.70”N 67° 01’ 57”E 6,233 Data Collection and Analysis The Data attained directly from K-Electric and primary data collected from site visit are as follows: Complete Billing data for the fiscal years i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014 was taken from K-Electric. Specifics data of each building was taken from the site visit. From the above information, following tabulation work was made; Aggregated Capacity of each site Monthly Peak Load of each site where the Data was available in their billing data3. Current Tariff applied to each Consumer Monthly Billing and account Receivable Detailed analyses of selected buildings are separately discussed in the following sections.
3 Being a commercial/domestic consumers’ power supply to these consumers’ are not made through dedicated feeder, rather multiple consumers of various category is connected on one feeder. Therefore it is almost impossible to extract data for individual buildings.
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Mazar-e-Quaid Mazar-e-Quaid is situated in Karachi, Sindh. This is the last resting spot of Quaid-e- Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. It stands out amongst the most famous vacationer destinations among remote guests to Karachi. The mausoleum is situated in a 53-hectare (530,000 m2) park and the building has a foot shaped impression of 23 by 23m with a stature of 43 m based on a 4 m high stage. Around the mausoleum is a park fitted with solid shot spot-lights which during the evening venture light on the white mausoleum. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Mazar-e-Quaid are given in the Table 4-49.
Table 4-49: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Mazar-e-Quaid Karachi 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Mazar-e- Quaid 0.207 0.212 0.207 0.235 0.207 0.217 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required for calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K- Electric due to the fact that Mazar-e-Quaid is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was requested from K-Electric in order to calculate monthly peak but it was also not available. Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at Mazar-e-Quaid, one against consumer No.BL001909 and the other against BL001910. They have connected / sanctioned load of 152kW/152kW and 55kW/55kW respectively. Both the energy meters are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-50, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XV; VOL 3 of 3.
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Table 4-50: Monthly Billing of Mazar-e-Quaid Karachi PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.018 0.277 0.019 0.341 0.022 0.385 August 0.015 0.232 0.017 0.326 0.017 0.299 September 0.015 0.238 0.017 0.322 0.022 0.450 October 0.016 0.265 0.019 0.353 0.019 0.302 November 0.019 0.313 0.021 0.376 0.024 0.386 December 0.018 0.296 0.020 0.343 0.021 0.360 January 0.021 0.339 0.016 0.273 0.020 0.355 February 0.016 0.258 0.018 0.306 0.018 0.318 March 0.017 0.271 0.033 0.583 0.017 0.302 April 0.019 0.294 0.019 0.322 0.016 0.275 May 0.020 0.314 0.019 0.321 0.011 0.191 June 0.020 0.340 0.018 0.333 0.011 0.186 Radio Pakistan Karachi Pakistan's first radio station was set up at Karachi. The building of Radio Pakistan's Broadcasting Corporation on M.A. Jinnah Road was introduced in 1949. Presently this building is under renovation process and all instruments have been shifted to new building after fire incident occurred. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Radio Pakistan Karachi are given in the Table 4-51
Table 4-51: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Radio Pakistan 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Radio Pakistan 0.107 0.032 0.107 0.042 0.107 0.030 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required for calculating Monthly Peak could not be retrieved from the data provided by K- Electric due to the fact that Radio Pakistan (old building) is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was requested from K-Electric to calculate monthly peak but it was also not available.
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Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at Radio Pakistan (old building), against consumer Nos.BL004215 and .BL000024 at the address of Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation, Karachi. They have connected/ sanctioned load of 41kW/ 41kW and 66kW/ 66kW respectively and are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-52, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XVI; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-52: Monthly Billing of Radio Pakistan PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.003 0.053 0.006 0.092 0.003 0.040 August 0.001 0.021 0.005 0.087 0.002 0.035 September 0.002 0.029 0.005 0.083 0.003 0.043 October 0.003 0.060 0.006 0.098 0.002 0.034 November 0.002 0.032 0.006 0.101 0.002 0.022 December 0.002 0.021 0.003 0.048 0.001 0.018 January 0.002 0.023 0.001 0.015 0.001 0.013 February 0.001 0.014 0.001 0.016 0.001 0.016 March 0.001 0.018 0.001 0.022 0.001 0.018 April 0.003 0.044 0.002 0.028 0.002 0.032 May 0.005 0.067 0.002 0.034 0.003 0.038 June 0.006 0.095 0.003 0.044 0.003 0.040
KDA Headquarters, Civic Center Karachi Development Authority (KDA) headquarters is located at Civic Center Karachi on University Road, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of KDA Headquarters are given in the Table 4-53
Table 4-53: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of KDA Headquarters 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Building Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) KDA Headquarters 1.3 2.531 1.3 2.649 1.3 3.166 Karachi
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Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at KDA Headquarters during the fiscal year 2012, 2013 (actual) and for the year 2014 calculated on the basis of previous two years data are given in the Table 4-54 and Figure 4-26.
Table 4-54: Monthly Peak Load of KDA Headquarters 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 1.22 1.25 1.32 August 1.23 1.26 1.31 September 1.24 1.27 1.32 October 1.18 1.26 1.48 November 1.09 1.24 1.35 December 1.07 1.10 1.20 January 0.51 0.56 0.74 February 0.45 0.55 0.64 March 0.70 0.93 1.18 April 1.04 1.12 1.20 May 1.12 1.17 1.23 June 1.18 1.26 1.53
Figure 4-26: Monthly Peak of KDA Headquarters
1.80 1.60 1.40 1.20 1.00
MW 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at KDA HQ against consumer No.BH001029 at the address of KDA Head Office Building Civic Center, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi. It has connected/ sanctioned load of 1,300kW/ 1300kW each. The energy meter was charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during fiscal year 2012 and 2013,and recorded maximum demand, thereafter it was changed to Domestic tariff category A1-R, during the fiscal year 2014.
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Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-55, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XVII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-55: Monthly Billing of KDA Headquarters PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.285 3.751 0.266 3.968 0.315 4.665 August 0.260 3.451 0.260 4.062 0.270 4.883 September 0.220 2.984 0.220 3.694 0.220 4.253 October 0.246 3.334 0.247 3.989 0.296 5.001 November 0.217 2.990 0.247 3.810 0.237 3.618 December 0.170 2.301 0.164 2.585 0.185 3.307 January 0.118 1.669 0.170 2.516 0.130 2.322 February 0.123 1.592 0.123 1.823 0.172 3.027 March 0.153 1.972 0.153 2.310 0.258 4.613 April 0.194 2.660 0.210 3.192 0.295 5.275 May 0.245 3.275 0.270 4.007 0.258 4.613 June 0.299 4.446 0.320 4.850 0.530 9.481
Hockey Stadium Karachi Hockey Club of Pakistan is a national hockey stadium for the national sport conducted in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Hockey Club of Pakistan hosted matches for the 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1986 & 1992 Champions Trophy. The stadium can hold 30,000 people. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Hockey Stadium Karachi during are given in the Table 4-56
Table 4-56: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Hockey Stadium 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Building Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Hockey Stadium .003 0.043 .003 0.035 .003 0.045 Karachi
Monthly Peak Load This particular data could not be retrieved due to the fact that Hockey Stadium, Karachi is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was requested from K-Electric in order to calculate monthly peak but it was also not available.
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Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at Hockey Stadium against consumer No.AL172191 with connected/ sanctioned load of 5kW/5kW each. The energy meter is charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is in the Table 4-57, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XVIII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-57: Monthly Billing of Hockey Stadium PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.005 0.080 0.013 0.226 0.006 0.112 August 0.003 0.057 0.001 0.020 0.001 0.020 September 0.002 0.033 0.001 0.021 0.002 0.026 October 0.004 0.073 0.004 0.060 0.001 0.015 November 0.009 0.152 0.009 0.150 0.002 0.022 December 0.004 0.063 0.001 0.021 0.001 0.013 January 0.001 0.016 0.000 0.005 0.001 0.014 February 0.001 0.017 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.004 March 0.001 0.010 0.001 0.014 0.000 0.005 April 0.001 0.015 0.001 0.020 0.007 0.113 May 0.005 0.074 0.001 0.017 0.002 0.037 June 0.007 0.115 0.002 0.032 0.021 0.377
SSP South Police Headquarters SSP South Police Headquarters (SP-HQ) is located at Gazdarabad, Karachi. It includes Garden Police Station, police staff quarters, and other facilities. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of SSP. South Police Headquarters, Garden Karachi are given in the Table 4-58
Table 4-58: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of SSP SP-HQ 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) SSP South Police HQ 0.300 1.269 0.300 1.179 0.300 0.972 Garden Karachi
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Monthly Peak Load This particular data could not be retrieved due to the fact SSP South Police Head Quarter, Garden Karachi is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K- Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was also not available. Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at SSP South Police Headquarters against consumer No.BL004019 with connected/ sanctioned load of 300kW/300kW and is charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is in the Table 4-59, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XIX; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-59: Monthly Billing of SSP SP-HQ PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.004 0.054 0.115 2.059 0.081 1.450 August 0.004 0.053 0.113 2.112 0.079 1.449 September 0.016 0.249 0.107 2.024 0.055 1.145 October 0.294 4.784 0.100 1.900 0.083 1.343 November 0.104 1.682 0.102 1.857 0.071 1.087 December 0.072 1.171 0.098 1.734 0.078 1.398 January 0.071 1.147 0.071 1.247 0.071 1.271 February 0.367 5.960 0.069 1.227 0.070 1.231 March 0.069 1.116 0.078 1.377 0.096 1.714 April 0.091 1.484 0.103 1.816 0.126 2.251 May 0.091 1.485 0.129 2.286 0.042 0.747 June 0.104 2.178 0.095 1.741 0.118 2.105
National Stadium Karachi The National Stadium is a cricket stadium in Karachi. It was established on 21st April, 1955. The capacity of the stadium is 34,228 spectators. The National Stadium became Karachi's fifth and Pakistan's 11th first-class ground. It has floodlights installed to host matches at night. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of National Stadium Karachi are given in the Table 4-60
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Table 4-60: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of National Stadium 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) National Stadium 0.215 0.148 0.215 0.130 0.215 0.171 Karachi Monthly Peak Load This particular data could not be retrieved due to the fact National Stadium Karachi is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Proxy feeder data was also not available. Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed against consumer No.BL000874 with connected/ sanctioned load of 215 kW/215 kW and is charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-61, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XX; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-61: Monthly Billing of National Stadium PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.007 0.117 0.012 0.216 0.039 0.686 August 0.012 0.185 0.010 0.179 0.022 0.400 September 0.007 0.130 0.010 0.189 0.011 0.206 October 0.028 0.400 0.014 0.259 0.012 0.187 November 0.011 0.169 0.016 0.285 0.010 0.150 December 0.008 0.130 0.009 0.149 0.008 0.146 January 0.032 0.334 0.009 0.163 0.009 0.164 February 0.007 0.109 0.010 0.173 0.007 0.120 March 0.008 0.126 0.008 0.142 0.008 0.136 April 0.009 0.135 0.014 0.250 0.011 0.190 May 0.010 0.154 0.018 0.308 0.017 0.300 June 0.010 0.196 0.015 0.269 0.017 0.298
Pakistan Railway Station: Karachi Cantt. Karachi Cantonment Railroad Station is one of the vital rail road stations in Karachi. It is situated close to Dr. Daudpota Street, Saddar. It has 8 platforms, locomotive shed, washing line and workshop. A photogaraph of Karachi Cantonment Railroad Station is shown in Figure 4-27.
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Figure 4-27: Karachi Cantonment Railroad Station
Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy of Pakistan Railway (PR) Station Karachi Cantt., are given in the Table 4-62
Table 4-62: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of PR Cantt. Station 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Pakistan Railway 0.505 4.672 0.505 3.731 0.505 4.428 Cantt Station Karachi Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at Pakistan Railway Station Karachi Cantt., are given in the Table 4-63 and Figure 4-28.
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Table 4-63: Monthly Peak Load of PR Cantt. Station 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.76 0.78 0.81 August 0.63 0.76 0.78 September 0.71 0.76 0.78 October 0.76 0.76 0.80 November 0.71 0.79 0.82 December 0.61 0.80 0.84 January 0.48 0.49 0.53 February 0.47 0.51 0.53 March 0.58 0.63 0.66 April 0.72 0.76 0.78 May 0.78 0.80 0.82 June 0.60 0.66 0.96 Figure 4-28: Monthly Peak of PR Cantt. Station
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60 MW
0.40
0.20
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at Pakistan Railway station, Karachi Cantt., against consumer No.BH000021. It has connected/ sanctioned load of 505kW/505kW and is charged under Industrial tariff category “C2-HT.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of PR station Cantt Station Karachi as provided by K-Electric is given in the Table 4-64, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXI; VOL 3 of 3.
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Table 4-64: Monthly Billing of PR Cantt. Station PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.406 4.762 0.424 5.783 0.423 5.708 August 0.366 4.193 0.468 6.515 0.417 7.111 September 0.387 4.571 0.444 6.340 0.399 8.371 October 0.414 4.774 0.372 5.545 0.410 7.492 November 0.437 7.187 0.322 4.575 0.345 5.883 December 0.723 8.704 0.236 3.331 0.253 5.003 January 0.237 3.029 0.234 3.136 0.202 4.005 February 0.212 2.544 0.227 3.119 0.227 4.419 March 0.253 2.946 0.280 3.831 0.281 5.515 April 0.365 4.319 0.354 4.762 0.366 7.136 May 0.418 5.034 0.370 4.981 0.446 8.630 June 0.455 6.043 0.422 5.696 0.658 12.553
Karachi Port Trust (KPT) Building, Karachi This stupendous building is situated on the Eduljee Dinshaw Street, Karachi. KPT Head Office Building has a historical background as in the First World War the building was converted into 500 beds hospital, aimed to serve people. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of KPT Building, Karachi are given in the Table 4-65
Table 4-65: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of KPT Building 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Karachi Port Trust 0.5 1.345 0.5 1.281 0.5 1.246 Building, Karachi Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at KPT Building, Karachi during the fiscal year 2011-12, 2012-13 (actual) and for the year 2013-14 calculated on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-66 and Figure 4-29.
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Table 4-66: Monthly Peak Load of KPT Building 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.47 0.51 0.54 August 0.52 0.55 0.57 September 0.47 0.52 0.59 October 0.47 0.50 0.52 November 0.36 0.38 0.43 December 0.27 0.28 0.30 January 0.18 0.20 0.21 February 0.20 0.22 0.24 March 0.31 0.32 0.34 April 0.35 0.40 0.45 May 0.42 0.48 0.50 June 0.54 0.57 0.60
Figure 4-29: Monthly Peak of KPT Building
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
MW 0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at KPT Building against consumer No.BH000564 and connected/ sanctioned load of 500kW/500kW which was charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during 2012 and 2013, and recorded maximum demand, thereafter K-Electric changed it to Domestic tariff category. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of KPT Building, Karachi is given in the Table 4-67, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXII; VOL 3 of 3.
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Table 4-67: Monthly Billing of KPT Building PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.112 1.439 0.135 1.952 0.103 1.590 August 0.121 1.535 0.114 1.785 0.125 2.263 September 0.110 1.418 0.102 1.674 0.129 2.470 October 0.124 1.570 0.113 1.806 0.122 2.015 November 0.103 1.666 0.122 1.811 0.108 1.658 December 0.196 2.472 0.087 1.231 0.084 1.493 January 0.064 0.854 0.064 0.904 0.055 0.982 February 0.065 0.810 0.061 0.890 0.064 1.135 March 0.073 0.900 0.078 1.158 0.071 1.272 April 0.105 1.355 0.119 1.718 0.094 1.678 May 0.121 1.562 0.142 2.042 0.139 2.478 June 0.151 2.229 0.144 2.158 0.151 2.702
Pakistan Television, Karachi Center Pakistan Television Corporation Limited (PTV) is a public limited company. It is properly equipped with technical equipment and has four main color studios, including one designed and equipped for News. The PTV-Karachi Center along with four Re-Broadcast Stations (RBSs) is connected to other RBSs in the country through Microwave link and covers about 90% of the population. With the opening of PTV News, Pakistani programs are now being viewed in other parts of the world via satellite. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand are given in the Table 4-68
Table 4-68: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of PTV Center 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Pakistan Television, 0.600 1.889 0.600 1.814 0.6 1.692 Karachi Center Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at Pakistan Television, Karachi Center during the fiscal year 2011-12, 2012-13 (actual) and for the year 2014 calculated on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-69 and Figure 4-30.
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Table 4-69: Monthly Peak Load of PTV Center
2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.49 0.52 0.53 August 0.18 0.19 0.25 September 0.47 0.49 0.51 October 0.43 0.45 0.46 November 0.36 0.40 0.44 December 0.34 0.37 0.39 January 0.29 0.30 0.33 February 0.28 0.29 0.30 March 0.40 0.40 0.41 April 0.45 0.44 0.47 May 0.44 0.48 0.49 June 0.50 0.51 0.52 Figure 4-30: Monthly Peak of PTV Center
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30 MW
0.20
0.10
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at Pakistan Television Center against consumer No.BH001103 with connected/ sanctioned load of 600kW/ 288kW was charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during year 2012 and 2013, and recorded maximum demand of the consumer, thereafter it was Domestic tariff category A1-R.
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Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-70, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXIII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-70: Monthly Billing of PTV Center PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.178 2.202 0.180 2.597 0.168 2.395 August 0.181 2.227 0.281 3.841 0.175 3.298 September 0.159 1.974 0.141 2.510 0.157 3.049 October 0.178 2.194 0.165 2.674 0.173 2.909 November 0.145 2.463 0.133 2.158 0.120 1.799 December 0.286 3.549 0.103 1.462 0.112 1.998 January 0.092 1.238 0.097 1.368 0.091 1.627 February 0.086 1.100 0.112 1.574 0.098 1.731 March 0.113 1.380 0.114 1.650 0.117 2.081 April 0.140 1.756 0.147 2.090 0.140 2.504 May 0.152 1.954 0.164 2.314 0.169 3.019 June 0.177 2.510 0.175 2.517 0.172 3.077
Sindh Madressatul Islam University Sindh Madressatul Islam University (SMIU) is a public university situated in the business center of Karachi. The founding father of Pakistan, Mohammad Ali Jinnah studied there. It has extensive classrooms furnished with ventilation systems, mixed media projectors, outlined furniture etc. SMIU has also the distinction of establishing state-of-the art television studio and FM Radio studio to serve as its broadcasting laboratories. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Sindh Madressatul Islam University SMIU are given in the Table 4-71
Table 4-71: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of SMIU 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Sindh Madressatul 0.345 1.023 0.345 0.094 0.345 0.189 Islam University
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Monthly Peak Load This particular data could not be retrieved due to the fact that SMIU, Karachi is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Proxy feeder data was also not available. Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at SMIU, against consumer No.BL005028 and has connected/ sanctioned load of 345kW/ 345kW and is charged under Domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of SMIU Karachi is provided at Table 4-72, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXIV; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-72: Monthly Billing of SMIU PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.003 0.045 0.006 0.180 0.014 0.243 August 0.002 0.031 0.004 0.068 0.011 0.195 September 0.001 0.012 0.010 0.176 0.010 0.181 October 0.003 0.089 0.008 0.150 0.021 0.351 November 0.003 0.066 0.008 0.151 0.024 0.402 December 0.002 0.075 0.006 0.095 0.011 0.189 January 0.004 0.082 0.003 0.057 0.009 0.152 February 0.004 0.061 0.004 0.074 0.011 0.185 March 0.003 0.037 0.006 0.097 0.011 0.199 April 0.980 8.258 0.011 0.187 0.015 0.259 May 0.012 0.187 0.011 0.193 0.028 0.491 June 0.006 0.104 0.016 0.288 0.025 0.447
Karachi Municipal Corporation Building The Karachi Municipal Corporation (KMC) Building is an historic building located at M. A. Jinnah Road, Karachi. The building went through a major renovation which included repairing of the clock tower. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of KMC Building, Karachi are given in the Table 4-73
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Table 4-73: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of KMC Building 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Karachi Municipal Corporation 0.4 0.28 0.4 0.25 0.4 0.258 Building Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K- Electric due to the fact that KMC Building is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at KMC, CDGK Head Office, one is against consumer No.BL000171 and other against consumer No.BL001879. Both have connected/ sanctioned load of 200kW/200kW and 200kW/200kW respectively and are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of KMC Building, Karachi is given in the Table 4-74, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXV of VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-74: Monthly Billing of KMC Building PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.030 0.401 0.027 0.515 0.032 0.597 August 0.031 0.414 0.027 0.525 0.027 0.532 September 0.023 0.337 0.022 0.448 0.016 0.350 October 0.026 0.345 0.022 0.446 0.025 -2.257 November 0.022 0.356 0.022 0.439 0.022 0.363 December 0.021 0.335 0.015 0.287 0.019 0.356 January 0.014 0.236 0.012 0.191 0.014 0.234 February 0.017 0.262 0.015 0.276 0.013 0.217 March 0.016 0.251 0.016 0.302 0.015 0.267 April 0.019 0.298 0.023 0.422 0.021 0.361 May 0.027 0.428 0.021 0.392 0.024 0.421 June 0.027 0.479 0.025 0.472 0.031 0.551
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State Bank Building The State Bank Building (SBB) of Pakistan is located in the financial capital of Pakistan, Karachi with its second headquarters in the capital, Islamabad. The Bank was inaugurated by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of State Bank building, Karachi are given in the Table 4-75
Table 4-75: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of SBB 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) State Bank Building 2.156 6.310 2.156 5.750 2.156 6.080 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The total Monthly Peak load at SBB, Karachi for the fiscal year 2012, 2013 actual and calculated for the year 2013-14 on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-76 and Figure 4-31
Table 4-76: Monthly Peak Load of SBB
2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 1.90 2.23 2.43 August 2.18 2.24 2.32 September 2.06 2.32 2.48 October 2.21 2.23 2.31 November 2.07 2.10 2.15 December 1.59 1.68 1.68 January 1.15 1.24 1.41 February 1.30 1.45 1.50 March 1.78 1.80 1.95 April 1.75 1.83 1.88 May 2.08 2.28 2.63 June 2.39 2.49 2.55
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Figure 4-31: Monthly Peak of SBB
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50 MW
1.00
0.50
0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Months
2011~12 2012~13 2013~14
Current Tariff Applied The energy meter installed at SBB Karachi against consumer No.BH000076 carry connected/ sanctioned load of 2156kW/ 2156kW charged under industrial tariff category “C2-HT” thereafter it was changed to Domestic tariff category A1-R. Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of SBB, Karachi is given in the Table 4-77, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXVI of VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-77: Monthly Billing of SBB PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.503 6.328 0.607 8.495 0.626 8.658 August 0.485 6.175 0.472 7.214 0.503 9.160 September 0.475 6.021 0.517 8.080 0.561 10.822 October 0.544 7.000 0.565 8.548 0.539 9.071 November 0.542 9.162 0.506 7.274 0.522 8.152 December 0.942 11.896 0.419 5.798 0.421 7.526 January 0.399 5.010 0.333 4.536 0.354 6.330 February 0.373 4.548 0.341 4.774 0.365 6.501 March 0.388 4.723 0.372 5.345 0.414 7.397 April 0.505 6.242 0.510 6.991 0.508 9.084 May 0.527 6.498 0.495 6.920 0.618 11.052 June 0.627 8.681 0.612 8.851 0.649 11.602
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Frere Hall Frere Hall (FH) is one of the numerous remainder structures of the English period that still exists in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Frere Hall is open to the public. On Sundays there is a book bazaar in the patios where it is conceivable to buy some old no longer available books amongst others. The ground floor houses a fine open library named Liaquat National Library which is one of the biggest libraries in Karachi and contains more than seventy thousand books. A photograph of Frere Hall is shown in Figures 4-32
Figure 4-32: A Photograph of Frere Hall
Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Frere Hall, Karachi are given in the Table 4-78
Table 4-78: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of FH 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Frere Hall 0.034 0.103 0.034 0.108 0.034 0.107 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K- Electric due to the fact that Frere Hall, Karachi Building is charged under domestic tariff and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Current Tariff Applied Three energy meters are against consumer No.AL107622, with connected/ sanctioned load of 5kW/ 5kW, No.AL019664, with connected/ sanctioned load of
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1kW/ 1kW, No.AP009748, with connected/ sanctioned load of 28kW/ 28kW. These energy meters are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Frere Hall, Karachi is given in the Table 4-79, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXVII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-79: Monthly Billing of FH PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.009 0.147 0.008 0.133 0.008 0.134 August 0.009 0.147 0.009 0.155 0.008 0.140 September 0.009 0.147 0.008 0.150 0.008 0.157 October 0.009 0.149 0.008 0.140 0.012 0.186 November 0.009 0.144 0.008 0.137 0.012 0.162 December 0.008 0.124 0.008 0.126 0.009 0.143 January 0.008 0.121 0.008 0.133 0.008 0.136 February 0.008 0.117 0.008 0.135 0.008 0.127 March 0.009 0.131 0.008 0.126 0.008 0.136 April 0.008 0.117 0.010 0.174 0.009 0.141 May 0.008 0.118 0.008 0.133 0.009 0.146 June 0.008 0.129 0.017 0.289 0.009 0.145
Liaquat Memorial Library Liaquat Memorial Library (LML), earlier called, National Library of Pakistan, is situated at Stadium Road, Karachi. The library has total holdings of 144,000 volumes. The building comprises of four stories with centrally air-conditioning and heating facility. It provides for On-line Public Access Catalogue, 04 Reading Halls, Manuscript & Rare Books section, Establishment, Seminar Room, Class Room, Meeting Room offices, and14 research rooms. Auditorium has a seating capacity of 400 persons. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Liaquat Memorial Library are given in the Table 4-80
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Table 4-80: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of LML 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Liaquat Memorial 0.053 0.057 0.053 0.056 0.053 0.069 Library Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K- Electric due to the fact that the building is charged under domestic tariff and accordingly Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Proxy feeder was not available. Current Tariff Applied The energy meter installed at Liaquat Memorial Library, has consumer No.BL004140 with connected/ sanctioned load of 53kW/ 53kW.. The energy meter is charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Liaquat Memorial Library is given in the Table 4-81, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXVIII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-81: Monthly Billing of LML PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.006 0.092 0.005 0.080 0.005 0.091 August 0.005 0.078 0.004 0.071 0.005 0.084 September 0.010 0.156 0.004 0.068 0.006 0.117 October 0.006 0.088 0.006 0.097 0.006 0.103 November 0.006 0.088 0.005 0.088 0.005 0.073 December 0.005 0.074 0.004 0.062 0.006 0.095 January 0.006 0.088 0.003 0.057 0.005 0.083 February 0.000 -0.412 0.004 0.066 0.005 0.084 March 0.002 0.035 0.004 0.073 0.005 0.092 April 0.002 0.031 0.006 0.094 0.007 0.120 May 0.004 0.068 0.006 0.096 0.007 0.124 June 0.006 0.090 0.006 0.112 0.009 0.152
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Quaid-e-Azam House Museum The Quaid-e-Azam House Museum (QAHM) , also called as "Flag Staff House", is a museum dedicated to the personal life of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. The historic building comprises of angled openings, carved pillars, half circle galleries and six spacious rooms, which incorporate two bedrooms, two drawing rooms, one study, one dining room, little garden, and some trees. A photograph of Quaid-e-Azam House Museum is shown in Figure 4-33 Figure 4-33: Quaid-e-Azam House Museum
Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Quaid-e-Azam House Museum, Karachi are given in the Table 4-82
Table 4-82: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of QAHM 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Quaid-e- Azam House 0.102 0.028 0.102 0.010 0.102 0.007 Museum Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K-Electric due to the fact that Quaid-e-Azam House Museum, Karachi is charged under domestic tariff and Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded.
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Current Tariff Applied Energy meter is installed at Quaid-e-Azam House Museum, Flag Staff House, has consumer No.BL001447 with connected/ sanctioned load of 102kW/102 kW and charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing is given in the Table 4-83, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXIX; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-83: Monthly Billing of QAHM PKR in Million
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Months Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.001 0.013 0.001 0.016 0.001 0.014 August 0.001 0.012 0.001 0.014 0.000 0.004 September 0.001 0.013 0.001 0.020 0.001 0.008 October 0.002 0.028 0.001 0.009 0.001 0.007 November 0.001 0.018 0.001 0.008 0.001 0.004 December 0.004 0.070 0.001 0.011 0.000 0.004 January 0.002 0.035 0.001 0.010 0.001 0.013 February 0.001 0.020 0.001 0.006 0.000 0.005 March 0.006 0.100 0.001 0.009 0.000 0.004 April 0.002 0.021 0.001 0.016 0.000 0.005 May 0.002 0.032 0.001 0.016 0.001 0.007 June 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.017 0.001 0.007
Zoological Garden Karachi Zoo also known as Karachi Zoological Garden is situated on Nishter Road in Karachi. It is the most established zoo in the country after Lahore Zoo. It has a decent Natural Museum Indigenous and in addition exotic stuffed animals belonging to different regions of the world have been exhibited in adjacent way. Karachi Zoo has a small garden of Mughal style. Karachi Zoo has established a veterinary hospital with modern diagnostic facilities. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Zoological Garden are given in the Table 4-84
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Table 4-84: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Zoological Garden 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Zoological Garden 0.012 0.201 0.012 0.207 0.012 0.291 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K-Electric due to the fact it is charged under domestic tariff and Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Proxy feeder data was also not available Current Tariff Applied Two energy meters are installed at Zoological Garden, against consumer Nos.AL224627 and.AL200462. Both have connected/sanctioned load of 10kW/ 10kW and 20kW/20kW and are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Zoological Garden Karachi is given in the Table 4-85, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXX; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-85: Monthly Billing of Zoological Garden PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.009 0.144 0.021 0.359 0.033 0.587 August 0.011 0.169 0.008 0.155 0.006 0.114 September 0.010 0.164 0.015 0.280 0.043 0.791 October 0.009 0.155 0.016 0.286 0.009 0.129 November 0.015 0.251 0.014 0.243 0.030 0.482 December 0.009 0.138 0.013 0.216 0.016 0.280 January 0.013 0.209 0.013 0.224 0.018 0.320 February 0.009 0.141 0.015 0.255 0.021 0.391 March 0.012 0.193 0.010 0.178 0.020 0.355 April 0.059 0.872 0.024 0.418 0.021 0.365 May 0.012 0.186 0.009 0.154 0.028 0.492 June 0.014 0.243 0.024 0.440 0.027 0.467
National Museum The National Museum of Pakistan is situated at Dr.Ziauddin Ahmed Road Karachi. Currently there are 11 galleries in National Museum of Pakistan. There is a rich accumulation of nearly 70,000 research books and publications that are related to
4-75 June2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan archeology. Every year National Museum holds around a dozen exhibitions on National Days and other occasions. For the preservation of the collection, a conservation laboratory is also a part of the Museum. The Museum premise also has an auditorium with 250 seating capacity. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of National Museum Karachi are given in the Table 4-86
Table 4-86: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of National Museum 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) National Museum 0.136 0.069 0.136 0.093 0.136 0.106 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K-Electric due to the fact that National Museum Karachi is charged under domestic tariff “A1-R” and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was also not available. Current Tariff Applied two energy meters are installed at this facility against consumer Nos.AL212741 andBL004138. Both have connected/sanctioned load of 68kW/68kW and 68kW/68kW and are charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of National Museum Karachi is given in the Table 4-87, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXXI; VOL 3 of 3.
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Table 4-87: Monthly Billing of National Museum PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.007 0.108 0.011 0.198 0.009 0.155 August 0.006 0.094 0.010 0.168 0.008 0.137 September 0.005 0.072 0.010 0.175 0.009 0.158 October 0.006 0.102 0.007 0.129 0.009 0.136 November 0.007 0.106 0.010 0.168 0.008 0.125 December 0.005 0.085 0.007 0.121 0.008 0.138 January 0.003 0.051 0.006 0.102 0.006 0.105 February 0.004 0.062 0.004 0.067 0.008 0.135 March 0.005 0.066 0.005 0.082 0.007 0.122 April 0.007 0.103 0.007 0.117 0.011 0.195 May 0.006 0.086 0.008 0.135 0.011 0.193 June 0.009 0.156 0.007 0.125 0.011 0.181
Khaliq Dina Hall Library The complete name of the hall is ‘Ghulam Hussain Khaliq Dina Hall’ (KDHL). It has been used sporadically for hosting exhibitions, Moharram sermons and Ramadan taraweh. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of KDHL, Karachi are given in the Table 4-88
Table 4-88: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of KDHL 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Khaliq Dina Hall Library 0.006 0.0301 0.006 0.0299 0.006 0.031 Karachi Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K-Electric due to the fact that KDHL, Karachi is charged under domestic tariff “A1-R” and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. However, the proxy feeder data was also not available.
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Current Tariff Applied The energy meter installed at Khaliq Dina Hall has consumer No.AL072722 with connected/ sanctioned load of 3kW/6kW and is charged under domestic Tariff “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of KDHL Karachi is given in the Table 4-89, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXXII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-89: Monthly Billing of KDHL PKR in Million 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Months Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.003 0.044 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.062 August 0.002 0.037 0.004 0.066 0.004 0.059 September 0.004 0.064 0.003 0.046 0.004 0.064 October 0.002 0.038 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.043 November 0.004 0.070 0.006 0.110 0.003 0.044 December 0.002 0.036 0.002 0.026 0.002 0.030 January 0.003 0.047 0.002 0.031 0.002 0.028 February 0.002 0.025 0.002 0.027 0.002 0.027 March 0.002 0.026 0.002 0.033 0.001 0.017 April 0.002 0.028 0.003 0.050 0.002 0.028 May 0.002 0.022 0.003 0.052 0.003 0.044 June 0.002 0.023 0.004 0.061 0.004 0.060
Supreme Court Karachi Registry The Supreme Court Karachi Registry is housed in the old State Bank building. It has three Courtrooms, Chief Justice Chamber, six Judges Chambers, Registrar Chamber, Conference room, Judges Lounge, Office block and a beautiful mosque. Additional rooms have been provided to Supreme Court Bar Association. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Supreme Court Karachi are given in the Table 4-90
Table 4-90: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Supreme Court 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Supreme Court 0.163 0.219 0.163 0.160 0.163 0.169 Registry Karachi
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Monthly Peak Load The Monthly Peak load at Supreme Court Karachi Registry, Karachi for the year 2012, 2013 actual as provided by K-Electric and calculated for the year 2014 on the basis of previous two years are given in the Table 4-91 and Figure 4-34. Table 4-91: Monthly Peak Load of Supreme Court 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 0.11 0.13 0.14 August 0.09 0.10 0.15 September 0.13 0.14 0.16 October 0.09 0.11 0.16 November 0.09 0.11 0.15 December 0.05 0.08 0.12 January 0.03 0.03 0.05 February 0.03 0.04 0.04 March 0.05 0.06 0.08 April 0.06 0.08 0.12 May 0.11 0.12 0.16 June 0.10 0.12 0.15
Figure 4-34: Monthly Peak of Supreme Court
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10
MW 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months 2011~12 2012~13 2013~14 Current Tariff Applied One energy meter is installed at Supreme Court Registry building, against consumer No.BH000400, has connected/ sanctioned load of 163kW/163kW The energy meter was charged under Industrial tariff category “C2-HT” during fiscal year 2012 and
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2013,and recorded maximum demand, thereafter it was changed to Domestic tariff category A1-R, Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly of Supreme Court Karachi is given in the Table 4-92, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXXIII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-92: Monthly Billing of Supreme Court PKR in Million
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Months Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.023 0.300 0.020 0.306 0.018 0.270 August 0.024 0.312 0.014 0.306 0.016 0.288 September 0.024 0.312 0.018 0.306 0.020 0.368 October 0.024 0.386 0.014 0.306 0.016 0.274 November 0.024 0.394 0.016 0.306 0.016 0.258 December 0.034 0.450 0.009 0.306 0.011 0.185 January 0.007 0.094 0.007 0.306 0.008 0.139 February 0.006 0.081 0.007 0.306 0.006 0.106 March 0.008 0.118 0.010 0.306 0.009 0.150 April 0.009 0.117 0.016 0.306 0.010 0.183 May 0.015 0.214 0.014 0.306 0.020 0.357 June 0.020 0.304 0.016 0.306 0.018 0.322
Mohatta Palace The Mohatta Palace is situated in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Its exterior is trimmed with windows, stone brackets, spandrels, domes, balustrades with floral motifs and exquisite railings. There are nine domes, with a center dome in the middle; while the windows in the front portion opening out into the garden are of blue color and those in the rear area are arched windows with stained glass. There are three levels, basement, ground floor, and first floor. Aggregated Capacity The Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Mohatta Palace, Karachi are given in the Table 4-93
Table 4-93: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand of Mohatta Palace 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Name of Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Capacity Energy Building (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh) Mohatta Palace 0.195 0.072 0.195 0.119 0.195 0.146 Karachi
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Monthly Peak Load The particular data required calculating Monthly Peak of the site could not be retrieved from the data provided by K-Electric due to the fact that Mohatta Palace, Karachi is charged under domestic tariff “A1-R” and as per policy of K-Electric the Maximum Demand (MD) is not recorded. Proxy feeder data was also not availabe. Current Tariff Applied The energy meter is installed at Mohatta Palace, has consumer No.BL001793 with connected/sanctioned load of 102kW/102kW and is charged under domestic Tariff category “A1-R.” Monthly Billing & Account Receivables The monthly billing of Mohatta Palace Karachi is given in the Table 4-94, while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXXIV; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 4-94: Monthly Billing of Mohatta Palace PKR in Million
2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 Months Energy Amount Energy Amount Energy Amount Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed Billed (GWh) (GWh) (GWh) July 0.007 0.104 0.009 0.150 0.012 0.217 August 0.006 0.087 0.005 0.093 0.011 0.191 September 0.005 0.082 0.006 0.116 0.019 0.364 October 0.007 0.103 0.005 0.099 0.009 0.147 November 0.006 0.090 0.006 0.111 0.015 0.245 December 0.004 0.068 0.010 0.165 0.015 0.261 January 0.004 0.064 0.007 0.112 0.008 0.146 February 0.005 0.081 0.011 0.197 0.009 0.166 March 0.006 0.096 0.013 0.230 0.008 0.137 April 0.007 0.115 0.018 0.312 0.011 0.197 May 0.008 0.127 0.015 0.267 0.016 0.287 June 0.007 0.125 0.014 0.260 0.012 0.202
Specifics of Twenty Large Public Buildings The specific data regarding electrical load i.e. pumps, air condition units and other major electrical devices related to Twenty Large Public Buildings are given in Annexure–III Preliminary Siting & Analysis The Preliminary Siting of consumer of Twenty (20) Large Buildings is given in the Table 4-95 below:
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Table 4-95: Preliminary Siting of “Twenty Large Public Buildings” Estimated Available Solar Name of Public Load Solar Space Possible Sites Loading Buildings (KW) Capacity (Sq. m) Percentage (KW) Vacant Land within Premises Mazar-e-Quaid 387 140,899 11,271 100 & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Radio Pakistan Karachi 60 3,400 272 100 & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises KDA Head Quarter 911 45,600 3,648 100 & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Hockey Stadium Karachi 133 26,400 2,112 100 & Rooftop SSP South Police Head Vacant Land within Premises 334 - - - Quarter Garden & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises National Stadium Karachi 211 160,000 12,800 100 & Rooftop Pakistan Railway Station, Vacant Land within Premises 316 270,000 21,600 100 Karachi Cantt. & Rooftop Karachi Port trust Vacant Land within Premises - 4,500 360 Building & Rooftop Pakistan Television 530 6,000 Rooftop 480 90 Karachi Center Sindh Madressatul Islam Vacant Land within Premises 369 10,000 800 100 Building & Rooftop Karachi Municipal Vacant Land within Premises 328 9,000 720 100 Corporation Building & Rooftop State Bank Building, Vacant Land within Premises 1,638 3,500 280 17 Karachi. & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Frere Hall, Karachi 661 60,000 4,800 100 & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Liaquat Memorial Library 77 5,000 400 100 & Rooftop Quaid E Azam House Vacant Land within Premises 42 8,500 680 100 Museum, Karachi & Rooftop Zoological Garden, Vacant Land within Premises 189 121,100 9,688 100 Karachi & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises National Museum Karachi 163 57,000 4,560 100 & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Khaliq Dina Hall Library 45 2,300 184 100 & Rooftop Superme Court Registry, Vacant Land within Premises 175 2,200 176 100 Karachi & Rooftop Vacant Land within Premises Mohatta Palace, Karachi 109 11,500 920 100 & Rooftop Total 6,678 946,899 75,751 Analysis Analysis of data collected from 20 public sector buildings and data collected from K- Electric reveals the following: Load in most of the buildings are very low (less than 1 MW) except KDA building and State Bank of Pakistan where load of more than a MW is observed. Total demand of the buildings surveyed is about 7.6 MW
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Monthly demand is varying in all cases and its pattern is almost same as of overall K-Electric system
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LAHORE (TASK – 2) 5.1 LESCO 5.1.1 Introduction The Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO) is a public utility company, providing electricity to the Lahore, Sheikhupura, Kasur, Okrara and Nankana districts of Punjab Province. LESCO was established in 1998 under Companies Ordinance, 1984 as a result of restructuring of the Power Wing of WAPDA after the enforcement of National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) Regulation of Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power Act (XL of 1997). The salient features of LESCO are presented in Table 5-1 below:
Table 5-1: Salient Features of LESCO Civil Districts of Lahore, Kasur, Okara, Nankana and Area of Operation Sheikhupura. Capacity (Power Demand) 6,250 MW Energy Demand 15,948 GWh Length of H.T Lines 27,093 km Length of L.T Lines 14,806 km Operation Circles North Lahore Circle 5 Divisions / 24 Sub Divisions Central Lahore Circle 5 Divisions / 26 Sub Divisions Eastern Lahore Circle 4 Divisions / 20 Sub Divisions Okara Circle 4 Divisions / 21 Sub Divisions South-Eastern LHR Circle 4 Divisions /21 Sub Divisions Sheikhupura Circle 5 Divisions / 29 Sub Divisions Kasur Circle 5 Divisions / 22 Sub Divisions Project Construction Circle 4 Divisions G.S.O. Circle 3 Divisions No. of Grid Station 100 No. of 220KV Grid Station 06 No. of 132KV Grid Station 84 No. of 132KV Grid Station 10 No. of 11KV feeders 1540 Total No. of Consumers 3,909,861 LESCO is presently serving approximately four Million customers out of which 3,228,510 are Domestic, 542,738 are Commercial, 58,382 are Agricultural, 77,277 are Industrial and 2,954 are others. Figure 5-1 shows the geographical map of LESCO
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Figure 5-1: Geographical map of LESCO
5.1.2 Methodology A dedicated Team was assigned for Task 2 related to LESCO, Major Universities, Major Hospitals and Large Public Buildings in Lahore city. Since a letter had already been sent among other stakeholders to LESCO CEO as well, we arranged a meeting with CEO LESCO to discuss the project through Ministry of Water and Power and requested him for necessary data and over all cooperation for the assignment. CEO (LESCO) promised to cooperate and deputed an officer for our contact and assistance. In internal deliberation the consultant team had already identified around 50
5-85 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan locations including buildings, hospitals and universities for detailed study as required under the ToR. This list was discussed with the LESCO officials and finalized 20 buildings, 5 hospitals and as many universities for further study. Data sheets were developed for data collections and handed over to LESCO for necessary action. Computerized data regarding two items of Task 2-A (4&5) available with LESCO was for year 2014-2015 only and did not cover 2011-2014. Thus, the required information for year 2011-2014 (to the extent of the available data) was obtained from manually filled log sheets of those independent/dedicated feeders at the grid stations from the respective substation staff and thus consumed considerable time. Apart from the above, computerized data, where available, has been duly utilized for the period it was available. Data collection against two items of Task 2-A (6&7) could be obtained to the extent it was available with the MIS department of LESCO. Concerted and continuous efforts and coordination of project team with the relevant department had to be exercised to secure the desired input. The information collected is for years 2013-2015 as that for previous period it was not available with LESCO. Account receivables are summed up to June 2015 for the respective consumer categories, as provided by LESCO. Monthly accounts receivable data was not shared by LESCO saying that they don’t have consumer wise monthly receivable data. In gathering specific data as per ToR requirements, following points are worth noting: i. Each and every building had to be physically visited to get the information regarding air conditioning and other major electrical devices as specified in ToR. ii. Number of these units have been counted and verified by visual inspection. iii. Penetration in such buildings, permission for obtaining requisite information from the concerned authorities of the buildings and thereafter coordination with the concerned department/personnel who had the specific information, was difficult and time consuming. Identification of sites & space for possible solar installations was accomplished by surveying complete building including rooftops, car parking, vacant lands etc. Available spaces in (m2) have been measured by consultant team and marked on Map as per ToR requirement attached in Annexure-IIIA; VOL 2 of 3. After General data collection from LESCO and Specific data from concerned buildings, the team started work on data tabulation and analysis. 5.1.3 Data Collection and Analysis The data obtained directly from LESCO includes: Capacity (MW) and Energy (GWh) supplied by LESCO Annually (2012-
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2014) LESCO Monthly Billing and Account Receivables (2012-2014) Typical Daily Load Curve (in peak seasons); Monthly Peak in Lahore Area (2012-2014) LESCO Generation Capacity (MW) and Energy (GWh) Supplied Annually The generating capacity (MW) and the energy (GWh) supplied by LESCO during the fiscal years from 2011 to 2014 are given in Table 5-2:
Table 5-2: Capacity & Energy Supplied By LESCO Annually
Capacity & Energy 2012 2013 2014
Capacity (MW) 5,873 6,068 6,250
Energy (GWh) 14,467 14,285 15,948 Source: LESCO LESCO Monthly Billing and Account Receivables (Unpaid) The monthly billing from the consumers of LESCO is given below in the Table 5-3, , while table of account receivables is provided in Annexure – XXXVI; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 5-3: LESCO Monthly Billing PKR In Million
2012 2013 2014
Months
Billing Billing Billing
Jul 14,881.32 19,370.87 23,671.97 Aug 14,951.22 18,523.89 21,951.46 Sep 15,873.86 15,836.91 23,211.49 Oct 14,056.44 14,446.58 21,200.99 Nov 14,207.48 13,667.88 19,547.85 Dec 9,725.60 11,870.08 15,449.69 Jan 9,312.41 10,987.06 13,852.61 Feb 10,034.10 10,722.40 17,933.50 Mar 13,419.56 10,751.33 13,841.39 Apr 10,217.54 10,754.26 15,823.94 May 14,350.75 13,193.32 18,520.85 Jun 16,080.88 13,741.12 21,038.16 Source: LESCO
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Typical Daily Load Curve (Peak Season) & Monthly Peak in Lahore Area The typical daily load (in peak season) in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 recorded by the LESCO are given in Table 5-4 below:
Table 5-4: Typical Daily Load in Peak Season
2012 2013 2014 Time (Hrs) (Dated: 03-08-2011) (Dated: 22-05-2013) (Dated: 05-07-2013) (MW) (MW) (MW) 0000-0100 3,663 3,408 3,366 0100-0200 3,695 3,502 3,349 0200-0300 3,828 3,476 3,344 0300-0400 3,972 3,444 3,358 0400-0500 3,624 3,665 3,559 0500-0600 3,366 3,563 3,463 0600-0700 3,327 3,774 3,674 0700-0800 3,428 3,847 3,617 0800-0900 3,475 3,880 3,654 0900-1000 3,580 3,940 3,591 1000-1100 3,690 3,645 3,529 1100-1200 3,663 3,841 3,961 1200-1300 3,747 3,850 3,760 1300-1400 3,617 3,880 3,892 1400-1500 3,456 3,769 3,689 1500-1600 3,879 3,880 3,823 1600-1700 3,776 3,810 3,809 1700-1800 3,704 4,258 4,588 1800-1900 3,859 4,787 4,218 1900-2000 4,042 3,999 3,730 2000-2100 3,914 3,905 4,270 2100-2200 4,065 3,990 4,378 2200-2300 3,809 3,522 3,341 2300-2400 3,410 3,423 3343 Source: LESCO These are represented in graphical form, for fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 in Figures 5-2, 5-3 and 5-4 below:
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Figure 5-2: Typical Load Profile of LESCO for the Year 2012 Dated: 03/08/2011
4500
4000
3500
3000
MW 2500 -
2000 LOAD LOAD 1500
1000
500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME
Figure 5-3: Typical Load Profile of LESCO for the Year 2013 Dated: 22/05/2013
6000
5000
4000 MW
- 3000 LOAD LOAD
2000
1000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME
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Figure 5-4: Typical Load Profile of LESCO for the Year 2014 Dated: 05/07/2013
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000 MW - 2500
LOAD LOAD 2000
1500
1000
500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME
Monthly Peak in Lahore Area Categories of load supplied by LESCO comprise mainly of domestic, industrial, commercial, agricultural, bulk supply and other categories like public lighting etc., with their percentage share estimated as 43.5%, 26.8%, 6.2%, 10.6%, 5.1% and 0.5% respectively according to latest figures available. The Monthly Peak Load in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 recorded by the LESCO are given in Table 5-5 below:
Table 5-5: Monthly Peak 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) July 4,055 4,430 4,588 August 4,065 4,712 4,400 September 3,967 4,520 3,861 October 3,673 4,036 3,667 November 2,349 2,741 2,610 December 2,868 2,924 2,633 January 2,715 2,704 2,781 February 2,705 2,366 2,596 March 3,415 3,457 2,815 April 3,588 4,037 3,602 May 3,966 4,787 4,011 June 3,998 4,566 4,533 Source: LESCO
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These are represented in graphical form in Figure 5-4 below:
Figure 5-5: Monthly Peak
6000
5000
4000 2011-2012 3000
2000
2012-2013 LOAD (MW) LOAD 1000
0 2013-2014
MONTHS
Source: LESCO A view of these loads as given in Figure 5-5 above, shows maximum demands appearing during peak summer months and minimum load during Air- conditioners/heaters/fans off period (February, March, April). The trend shows domestic load to be dominant the characteristics generally reflect residential load combined with commercial touch. All other load does not carry much significance in the variation pattern.
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5.2 Major Universities 5.2.1 Introduction According to the Terms of Reference (ToR) five major universities in Lahore were chosen to be studied and analyzed in consultation with LESCO officials. University education is more than the next level in the learning process; it is a critical component of human development worldwide. It provides not only the high-level skills necessary for every labor market but also the training essential for teachers, doctors, nurses, civil servants, engineers, humanists, entrepreneurs, scientists, social scientists, and a myriad of other personnel. It is these trained individuals who develop the capacity and analytical skills that drive local economies, support civil society, teach children, lead effective governments, and make important decisions which affect entire societies. With education being the one of the most important basic rights that a government is supposed to provide to its citizens and also some private educational institute are involved to provide their services to the citizens so it is important for government to remove any hindrances that stand in the way of improving these educational facilities. 5.2.2 Methodology System related general data have been gathered from LESCO and their respective grid station as these institutions was supplied by dedicated feeder. In order to collect the other specific data required, our team visited these universities. Sometimes they refused to give correct, official documented data perhaps due to the reason that traditionally they don’t keep such data or they don’t have any system for data collection and storage. Therefore the data gathered was based on what we were told by the concerned person and what we generally observed ourselves during our visits to specific site. A photograph of University of Central Punjab is shown in Figure 5-6
Figure 5-6: University of Central Punjab
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The five universities chosen are given in Table 5-6 below:
Table 5-6: List of Selected Universities
1 Lahore College for Women University (LCFWU) 2 Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS) College 3 International School 4 University of Central Punjab (UCP) 5 Pakistan Institute of Fashion Design (PIFD) 5.2.3 Data Collection and Analysis Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of Major Universities The aggregated capacity and energy demand of major universities in Lahore area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013, and 2014 are given in Table 5-7 below:
Table 5-7: Aggregated Capacity from Major Universities
Year 2012 2013 2014
(KWh) (KWh) (KWh)
Category
Max. Load Max. (A) Load Max. (A) Load Max. (A)
Max. Load Max. (MW) Load Max. (MW) Load Max. (MW)
Units Consumed Units Consumed Units Consumed
Universities 4,419,599 310 5 5,175,639 310 5 5,102,000 390 6
The detailed sheets in extracting the above table have been annexed as Annexure- IV of VOL 2 of 3 Typical Daily Load Curve in Peak Period & Monthly Peak The typical load profile in peak season of major universities in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are presented below in Figures 5-7, 5-8, and 5-9 respectively:
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Figure 5-7: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season of Universities 2012
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0 LOAD(MW) 1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
Figure 5-8: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season of Universities 2013
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0 LOAD(MW)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
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Figure 5-9: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season for Universities 2014
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 LOAD(MW)
2.0
1.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
The detailed sheets in extracting the graphs above have been annexed as Annexure-V; VOL 2 of 3. The Monthly Maximum Load (peak) of major universities in Lahore area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are presented in Table 5-8 below:
Table 5-8: Monthly Maximum Load (Peak) for Major Universities Task: 5(b) 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) Jul 2 4 4 Aug 2 4 4 Sep 3 4 5 Oct 3 4 4 Nov 2 3 3 Dec 2 3 3 Jan 2 3 3 Feb 3 3 2 Mar 3 2 3 Apr 4 4 3 May 5 5 4 Jun 5 5 6
Current Tariff Applied to Major Universities The current tariff code and consumer category applied to Major Universities are given in Table 5-9 below:
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Table 5-9: Current Tariff & Consumer Category for Major Universities Tariff Consumer Sr # Name Of Universities Code Category 4 Commercial 1 International School 6 Commercial 2 University of Central Punjab 3 Domestic 3 Services Institute of Medical Sciences College 29 Bulk 4 Lahore College for Women University 29 Bulk 5 Pakistan Institute of Fashion and Design 3 Domestic Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Major Universities Monthly billing from July 2013 to Jun 2015 isgiven in Table 5-10, while monthly account receivables up to Jun 2015 is provided in Annexure – XXXVII; VOL 3 of 3.
Table 5-10: Monthly Billing Units of Major Universities
Task 2: A General 7 Months Monthly Billing Units (KWh) Jul-13 462,000 Aug-13 469,000 Sep-13 674,000 Oct-13 456,000 Nov-13 249,000 Dec-13 332,000 Jan-14 339,000 Feb-14 261,000 Mar-14 258,000 Apr-14 337,000 May-14 590,000 Jun-14 675,000 Jul-14 447,000 Aug-14 614,000 Sep-14 548,000 Oct-14 420,000 Nov-14 282,000 Dec-14 246,000 Jan-15 263,000 Feb-15 269,000 Mar-15 266,000 Apr-15 465,000 May-15 739,000 Jun-15 658,000
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The detailed sheet in extracting the above table has been annexed as Annexure- VI; VOL 2 of 3. Universities demand & its Contribution to Peak Period of Supply System Characteristics of the demand of universities and its contribution to peak period of the supply system from (2012-14) are given in Tables 5-11, 5-12, and 5-13 below: The load curves for LESCO from (2012-14) in Figures 5-10, 5-11 and 5-12 below have been scaled down 100 times i.e. (Actual (MW) / 100) for clear visualization of variations.
Table 5-11: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period 2012 Total 2012 Loading Time Universities LESCO With Respect (Hrs) Demand Supply to LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 1.8 3,663 0.05 01:00 - 02:00 1.3 3,695 0.04 02:00 - 03:00 1.5 3,828 0.04 03:00 - 04:00 1.3 3,972 0.03 04:00 - 05:00 1.9 3,624 0.05 05:00 - 06:00 1.6 3,366 0.05 06:00 - 07:00 3.1 3,327 0.09 07:00 - 08:00 1.3 3,428 0.04 08:00 - 09:00 2.6 3,475 0.07 09:00 - 10:00 3.6 3,580 0.10 10:00 - 11:00 3.1 3,690 0.08 11:00 - 12:00 4.2 3,663 0.11 12:00 - 13:00 4.2 3,747 0.11 13:00 - 14:00 3.1 3,617 0.09 14:00 - 15:00 2.4 3,456 0.07 15:00 - 16:00 2.3 3,879 0.06 16:00 - 17:00 2.1 3,776 0.06 17:00 - 18:00 2.1 3,704 0.06 18:00 - 19:00 2.1 3,859 0.05 19:00 - 20:00 1.9 4,042 0.05 20:00 - 21:00 1.9 3,914 0.05 21:00 - 22:00 1.6 4,065 0.04 22:00 - 23:00 1.8 3,809 0.05 23:00 - 24:00 1.6 3,410 0.05
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Figure 5-10: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period 2012
45.0
40.0
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0 LOAD(MW) 15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
Table 5-12: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period 2013 Total 2013 Loading Time Universities LESCO With Respect (Hrs) Demand Supply to LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 1.3 3,408 0.04 01:00 - 02:00 1.6 3,502 0.05 02:00 - 03:00 1.3 3,476 0.04 03:00 - 04:00 2.4 3,444 0.07 04:00 - 05:00 1.5 3,665 0.04 05:00 - 06:00 2.6 3,563 0.07 06:00 - 07:00 1.1 3,774 0.03 07:00 - 08:00 2.6 3,847 0.07 08:00 - 09:00 2.3 3,880 0.06 09:00 - 10:00 3.4 3,940 0.09 10:00 - 11:00 3.2 3,645 0.09 11:00 - 12:00 4.4 3,841 0.11 12:00 - 13:00 3.4 3,850 0.09 13:00 - 14:00 4.7 3,880 0.12 14:00 - 15:00 2.8 3,769 0.07 15:00 - 16:00 3.4 3,880 0.09 16:00 - 17:00 2.3 3,810 0.06 17:00 - 18:00 3.4 4,258 0.08 18:00 - 19:00 3.6 4,787 0.07 19:00 - 20:00 2.1 3,999 0.05 20:00 - 21:00 2.4 3,905 0.06 21:00 - 22:00 1.9 3,990 0.05 22:00 - 23:00 1.9 3,522 0.06 23:00 - 24:00 1.9 3,423 0.06
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Figure 5-11: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period 2013
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0 LOAD(MW) 20.0
10.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
Table 5-13: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period 2014 Total 2014 Loading Time Universities LESCO With Respect (Hrs) Demand Supply to LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 2.9 3,366 0.09 01:00 - 02:00 3.4 3,349 0.10 02:00 - 03:00 3.2 3,344 0.10 03:00 - 04:00 3.1 3,358 0.09 04:00 - 05:00 2.9 3,559 0.08 05:00 - 06:00 2.9 3,463 0.08 06:00 - 07:00 2.8 3,674 0.07 07:00 - 08:00 3.1 3,617 0.09 08:00 - 09:00 4.7 3,654 0.13 09:00 - 10:00 4.9 3,591 0.14 10:00 - 11:00 5.5 3,529 0.16 11:00 - 12:00 5.8 3,961 0.15 12:00 - 13:00 3.7 3,760 0.10 13:00 - 14:00 6.2 3,892 0.16 14:00 - 15:00 5.2 3,689 0.14 15:00 - 16:00 1.5 3,823 0.04 16:00 - 17:00 4.5 3,809 0.12 17:00 - 18:00 4.4 4,588 0.10 18:00 - 19:00 3.2 4,218 0.08 19:00 - 20:00 1.6 3,730 0.04 20:00 - 21:00 3.7 4,270 0.09 21:00 - 22:00 3.2 4,378 0.07 22:00 - 23:00 4.2 3,341 0.13 23:00 - 24:00 3.7 3,343 0.11
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Figure 5-12: Demand of Universities & Contribution to Peak Period of Supply 2014
50.0
45.0
40.0
35.0
30.0
25.0
LOAD(MW) 20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
Share of Account Receivables by Universities Share of Account Receivables by Universities up to June, 2015 is given in Annexure XXXVIII; VOL 3 of 3: Specific Data The specific data for Universities is attached as Annexure-VII; VOL 2 of 3. 5.2.4 Preliminary Siting & Analysis According to a broad estimate, the average solar capacity is approximately 0.07 kW per square meter in Lahore, Pakistan. Keeping this in view, Table 5-14 below compares available space in various buildings versus estimated solar capacity. This capacity has been estimated by keeping in view the available space and other considerations that need to be accounted for solar installation.
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Table 5-14: Universities Solar Estimate
Solar Solar Load Available Name of University Load (A) Estimate Loading (kW) Space (m2) (kW) Percentage International school 160 250 3,821 268 10 Lahore college for women 60 970 57,191 4,000 100 university Pakistan institute of fashion and 50 810 4236 300 37 design Services institute of medical 70 1,130 2,884 200 18 sciences college University of central Punjab 60 970 4,180 300 30 Average Percentage For Solar Conversion 78*
*Weighted Average Average percentage of possible solar contribution of Universities is about 78% The preliminary siting data for Universities is attached as Annexure-VII; VOL 2 of 3 Analysis The above tables and figures present daily load of similar days (all summer days) of each year i.e. 2011-12,2012-13 and 2013-14; variations describe the following characteristics; i. The daily load variations of all the Universities are generally different from daily load variations of LESCO. This is because educational activities continue till afternoon only. ii. The loading pattern during the day (00:00-24:00 hrs.) and variation are similar in nature.
There is initial peak around very early morning followed by a fall, till there re- occurrence as comparatively sharper rise again coinciding general wakeup time, activities preparatory to opening of schools/offices, and a further rise, a gradual one as the business activities start. As the business attains its full activities around mid- day, somewhat flatness is observed in the load indicating maximum participation of general public i.e. offices/schools/shops etc. this is closely followed by a dip again due to most probably closing of schools/ some offices/few business activities etc. Resumption of commercial activities is reflected in the hours that follow, with peak in the evening hours and the gradual fall after 22:00 hrs. till morning hours.
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5.3 Hospitals 5.3.1 Introduction Four (4) major hospitals in Lahore were chosen to be studied and analyzed in consultation with LESCO officials where they could be a suitable candidate for producing their own energy through distributed renewable energy. With healthcare being one of the most important basic rights that a government is supposed to provide its citizens, it is important to remove any hindrances that stand in the way of improving these healthcare facilities. 5.3.2 Methodology Here also system related data was obtained in the same manner and issues faced were the same and most of the data provided here include observation made during site visit and discussion held with the concerned personnel in the hospitals. A photograph of Ganga Ram Hospital is shown in Figure 5-13
Figure 5-13: Ganga Ram Hospital
The four hospitals chosen are given in Table 5-15 below:
Table 5-15: List of Selected Hospitals
1 Ittifaq Hospital 2 Ganga Ram Hospital 3 Service Hospital 4 WAPDA Hospital
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5.3.3 Data Collection and Analysis Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand from Major Hospitals The aggregated capacity and energy demand for Major Hospitals in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013, and 2014 are given in Table 5-16 below:
Table 5-16: Aggregated Capacity & Energy Demand for Major Hospitals
Task A-4(2) YEAR 2012 2013 2014
(A) (A) (A)
(MW) (MW) (MW)
Units Units Units
(KWh) (KWh) (KWh)
Category
Max. Load Max. Load Max. Load Max. Load Max. Load Max. Load Max.
Consumed Consumed Consumed
Hospitals 18,790,221 420 7 18,762,990 495 8 21,494,674 450 7
The detailed sheets in extracting the above table have been annexed as Annexure- VIII of VOL 2 of 3. Typical Daily Load Curve (In Peak Period) The typical load profile in peak season for major hospitals in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2011-12, 2012-13, and 2013-14 are presented below in the Figures 5-14, 5-15 and 5-16 respectively.
Figure 5-14: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season of the Hospitals 2012
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 LOAD(MW) 2.0
1.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
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Figure 5-15: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season of the Hospitals 2013
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 LOAD LOAD (MW) 2.0
1.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
Figure 5-16: Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season of the Hospitals 2014
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0 LOAD LOAD (MW)
2.0
1.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW)
The detailed sheets in extracting the graphs above have been annexed as Annexure-IX; VOL 2 of 3 The Monthly Maximum Load (peak) for Major Hospitals in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2011-12, 2012- 13 and 2013-14 are presented in Table 5-17 below:
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Table 5-17: Monthly Maximum Load (Peak) for Major Hospitals 2012 2012 2014 Month (MW) (MW) (MW) Jul 6 7 7 Aug 7 7 6 Sep 6 7 7 Oct 4 6 6 Nov 3 4 3 Dec 4 3 3 Jan 4 4 4 Feb 4 3 3 Mar 3 3 3 Apr 4 5 5 May 6 6 7 Jun 7 7 7 Current Tariff Applied To Major Hospitals The current tariff code and consumer category applied to Major Hospitals are given in Table 5-18 below:
Table 5-18: Current Tariff and Consumer Category for Major Hospitals SR # Name Tariff Code Consumer Category 1 Ittifaq Hospital 6 Commercial 2 Service Hospital 29 Bulk 3 Ganga Ram Hospital 29 Bulk 4 WAPDA Hospital 1 Domestic Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Major Hospitals Monthly billing from July 2013 to Jun 2015 is given in Table 5-19 , While monthly account receivables up to Jun 2015 is given in Annexure XXXIX; VOL 3 of 3.
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Table 5-19: Monthly Billing Units Major Hospitals
Task 2: A General 7 Months Monthly Billing Units (KWh) Jul-13 3,327,700 Aug-13 2,454,008 Sep-13 2,938,469 Oct-13 1,530,468 Nov-13 733,081 Dec-13 914,156 Jan-14 1,273,080 Feb-14 918,003 Mar-14 732,309 Apr-14 1,147,233 May-14 2,440,005 Jun-14 3,086,162 Jul-14 2,844,008 Aug-14 3,025,855 Sep-14 2,236,162 Oct-14 1,607,853 Nov-14 853,388 Dec-14 1,063,695 Jan-15 1,344,157 Feb-15 849,849 Mar-15 844,310 Apr-15 1,611,080 May-15 2,698,930 Jun-15 2,800,162
The detailed sheet in extracting the above table has been annexed as Annexure-VI; VOL 2 of 3. Hospitals demand & its Contribution to Peak Period of Supply System Characteristics of the Demand of Hospitals and its Contribution to Peak Period of the Supply System from (2012-2014) are given in Tables 5-20, 5-21, and 5-22 below: The Load Curves for LESCO (Red) from (2012-2014) in Figures 5-17, 5-18 and 5-19 below have been scaled down 100 times i.e. (Actual (MW) / 100) for clear visualization of variations.
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Table 5-20: Demand of Hospitals and Contribution to Peak Period (2011-12) Total 2012 Loading with Time Hospital Demand LESCO Supply Respect to LESCO (Hrs) (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 3.9 3,663 0.11 01:00 - 02:00 3.9 3,695 0.11 02:00 - 03:00 3.9 3,828 0.10 03:00 - 04:00 3.9 3,972 0.10 04:00 - 05:00 3.4 3,624 0.09 05:00 - 06:00 3.4 3,366 0.10 06:00 - 07:00 2.2 3,327 0.07 07:00 - 08:00 4.1 3,428 0.12 08:00 - 09:00 6.1 3,475 0.17 09:00 - 10:00 6.2 3,580 0.17 10:00 - 11:00 6.2 3,690 0.17 11:00 - 12:00 6.5 3,663 0.18 12:00 - 13:00 6.8 3,747 0.18 13:00 - 14:00 4.0 3,617 0.11 14:00 - 15:00 5.5 3,456 0.16 15:00 - 16:00 5.2 3,879 0.13 16:00 - 17:00 4.7 3,776 0.12 17:00 - 18:00 3.4 3,704 0.09 18:00 - 19:00 3.6 3,859 0.09 19:00 - 20:00 3.7 4,042 0.09 20:00 - 21:00 3.7 3,914 0.10 21:00 - 22:00 3.6 4,065 0.09 22:00 - 23:00 4.5 3,809 0.12 23:00 - 24:00 3.6 3,410 0.10
Figure 5-17: Demand of Hospitals and Contribution to Peak Period 2012
50.0
45.0
40.0
35.0
) 30.0
25.0
20.0 LOAD(MW 15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Table 5-21: Demand of Hospitals and Contribution to Peak Period 2013 Total 2013 Loading with Respect to Time Hospital Demand LESCO Supply LESCO (Hrs) (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 4.9 3,408 0.14 01:00 - 02:00 4.7 3,502 0.13 02:00 - 03:00 4.5 3,476 0.13 03:00 - 04:00 4.1 3,444 0.12 04:00 - 05:00 4.3 3,665 0.12 05:00 - 06:00 4.2 3,563 0.12 06:00 - 07:00 3.9 3,774 0.10 07:00 - 08:00 4.2 3,847 0.11 08:00 - 09:00 5.8 3,880 0.15 09:00 - 10:00 6.8 3,940 0.17 10:00 - 11:00 7.0 3,645 0.19 11:00 - 12:00 3.6 3,841 0.09 12:00 - 13:00 6.1 3,850 0.16 13:00 - 14:00 5.5 3,880 0.14 14:00 - 15:00 5.3 3,769 0.14 15:00 - 16:00 5.2 3,880 0.13 16:00 - 17:00 5.3 3,810 0.14 17:00 - 18:00 5.3 4,258 0.13 18:00 - 19:00 5.3 4,787 0.11 19:00 - 20:00 5.8 3,999 0.15 20:00 - 21:00 5.5 3,905 0.14 21:00 - 22:00 5.0 3,990 0.13 22:00 - 23:00 5.0 3,522 0.14 23:00 - 24:00 4.7 3,423 0.14
Figure 5-18: Demand of Hospitals & Contribution to Peak Period of Supply 2013
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0 LOAD(MW) 20.0
10.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Table 5-22: Demand of Hospitals & Contribution to Peak Period 2014 Total 2014 Time Loading with Respect Hospital Demand LESCO Supply (Hrs) to LESCO (%) (MW) (MW) 00:00 - 01:00 4.9 3,366 0.14 01:00 - 02:00 4.7 3,349 0.14 02:00 - 03:00 4.5 3,344 0.14 03:00 - 04:00 4.4 3,358 0.13 04:00 - 05:00 4.0 3,559 0.11 05:00 - 06:00 4.2 3,463 0.12 06:00 - 07:00 4.5 3,674 0.12 07:00 - 08:00 4.9 3,617 0.13 08:00 - 09:00 3.2 3,654 0.09 09:00 - 10:00 6.5 3,591 0.18 10:00 - 11:00 3.7 3,529 0.11 11:00 - 12:00 6.5 3,961 0.16 12:00 - 13:00 6.8 3,760 0.18 13:00 - 14:00 6.0 3,892 0.15 14:00 - 15:00 6.2 3,689 0.17 15:00 - 16:00 6.3 3,823 0.17 16:00 - 17:00 5.3 3,809 0.14 17:00 - 18:00 5.2 4,588 0.11 18:00 - 19:00 5.0 4,218 0.12 19:00 - 20:00 5.0 3,730 0.13 20:00 - 21:00 5.3 4,270 0.12 21:00 - 22:00 5.2 4,378 0.12 22:00 - 23:00 5.0 3,341 0.15 23:00 - 24:00 5.0 3,343 0.15
Figure 5-19 : Demand of Hospitals and Contribution to Peak period of Supply 2014
50.0 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0
20.0 LOAD(MW) 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Share of Account Receivables by Hospitals Share of Account Receivables by Hospitals up to June, 2015 is given in Annexure XL; VOL 3 of 3 Specific Data The specific data for Hospitals is attached as Annexure-X; VOL 2 of 3 5.3.4 Preliminary Siting and Analysis According to a broad estimate, the average solar capacity is approximately 0.07 kW per square meter in Lahore, Pakistan. Keeping this in view, Table 5-23 below compares available space in various buildings versus estimated solar capacity.
Table 5-23: Hospitals Solar Estimate
Solar Solar Available Name of Hospitals Load (A) Load (kW) Estimate Loading Space (m2) (kW) Percentage
Ganga Ram Hospital 160 2,591 11,993 840 32
Ittafaq Hospital 80 1,295 4,176 292 22
Service Hospital 190 3,077 3,8020 2660 86
WAPDA Hospital 70 1,134 2,508 176 15
Average Percentage For Solar Conversion 49*
*Weighted Average Average percentage of possible solar contribution of Hospitals is about 49% The preliminary siting data for Hospitals is attached as Annexure-X; VOL 2 of 3 Analysis The above tables and figures present daily load of similar days (all summer days) of each year i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014 variations describe the following characteristics; i. The daily load variations of all the Hospitals generally appear as replica of daily load variations of LESCO. ii. The loading pattern during the day (00:00-24:00 hrs) and variation are similar in nature. There is initial peak around Fajar prayer timing followed by a fall, till there occurrence as comparatively sharper rise again coinciding general wakeup time, activities preparatory to opening of schools/offices, and a further rise, a gradual one as the business activities start. As the business attains its full activities around mid-day, somewhat flatness is observed in the load indicating maximum participation of general public i.e. offices/schools/shops etc. this is closely followed by a dip again
5-110 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan due to most probably closing of schools/ some offices/few business activities etc. Resumption of commercial activities is reflected in the hours that follow, with peak in the evening hours and the gradual fall after 22:00 hrs till morning hours. 5.4 Public Buildings 5.4.1 Introduction Initially twenty buildings were selected in consultation with LESCO which included some private buildings as well. One of the determining factors was that these building are known to public, famous and also these were supplied by dedicated/ independent feeders. However, since the requirement of the ToR was to select public buildings, therefore another round of discussion was held with LESCO and private buildings were replaced with public sector buildings. It is to be noted that, since some buildings are not being fed through independent feeders, therefore some approximation had to be applied with best technical judgment. 5.4.2 Methodology Data required would have been gathered easily and much more accurate, if the chosen buildings were on a dedicated feeder, through their respective feeder measurements. However, some of the general data was collected from LESCO and rest was collected from the respective grids, from where the building is supplied. The first ten building are supplied by dedicated feeder and their data are retrieved from their respective grid station. However Public Buildings No.11 to 20 are fed by more than one feeder. Approach that had to be adopted for data collection of these building, on proportionate load basis determined on the ratio of energy consumption of the building with the feeder consumption and the resultant outputs were not different from what the team expected i.e. due to approximations involved. In order to collect the remaining general and specific data required, consultant team visited these twenty buildings. .A photograph of Expo Center is shown in Figure 5-20 Figure 5-20: Expo Center, Lahore
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The list of the final selected building is given Table 5-24 below:
Table 5-24: List of Selected Buildings 1 Radio Pak 2 Shaheen Complex 3 STP 4 WAPDA House 5 Alhamra A.C 6 Government Printing Press 7 LESCO Head Quarter 8 Expo Center 9 Regional Income Tax House 10 Forensic Science Lab 11 GPO 12 NBP RHQ Building 13 SNGPL Head Office 14 Audit Complex 15 A.G Office 16 BISE Lahore 17 Postmaster General 18 Water & Sanitation Agency(Sewerage Plant) 19 Bank Of Punjab (BOP Tower) 20 State Bank Of Pakistan 5.4.3 Data Collection and Analysis Aggregated Capacity and Energy Demand of 20 Large Public Buildings The aggregated capacity and energy demand for 20 large public buildings in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are given in Table 5-25 below:
Table 5-25 : Aggregated Capacity for Public Buildings TASK: 4 Year 2012 2013 2014
Load (MW)
(KWh) (KWh) (KWh)
Category
Max. Load Max. (A) Load Max. (A) Load Max. (A)
Max. Load Max. (MW) Load Max. (MW)
Units Consumed Units Consumed Units Consumed
Public 21,608,425 1,001 16 23,651,752 886 14 24,768,406 968 16 Buildings
The detailed sheets in extracting the above table are at Annexure-XI of VOL 2 of 3. Typical Daily Load Curve (in Peak Period) The typical load profile in peak season for Public Building in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are presented in below Figures 5-21, 5-22 and 5-23 respectively.
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Figure 5-21 : Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season for Public Buildings 2012
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
LOAD(MW) 4.0
2.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 HOURS
Figure 5-22 : Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season for Public Buildings 2013
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0 LOAD(MW) 4.0
2.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 HOURS
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Figure 5-23 : Typical Daily Load Profile in Peak Season for Public Buildings 2014
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
LOAD(MW) 6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 HOURS
The detailed sheets in extracting the graphs above have been annexed as Annexure-XII. The Monthly Maximum Load (peak) for Public Building in Lahore Area during the fiscal years 2012, 2013 and 2014 are presented in Table 5-26 below:
Table 5-26 : Monthly Maximum Load (Peak) for Public Buildings Task: 5(b) 2012 2013 2014 Months (MW) (MW) (MW) Jul 11 12 12 Aug 10 12 12 Sep 10 11 10 Oct 10 10 10 Nov 7 8 8 Dec 9 8 8 Jan 7 9 7 Feb 7 8 8 Mar 8 9 7 Apr 9 10 11 May 10 12 12 Jun 13 12 13 Current Tariff Applied to Public Consumer Categories The current tariff code and consumer category applied to public buildings are given in Table 5-27 below:
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Table 5-27: Current Tariff and Consumer Category for Public Buildings
Sr # Name Tariff Code Consumer Category 1 Regional Income Tax House 6 Commercial 2 Shaheen Complex 6 Commercial 3 STP 6 Commercial 1 Domestic 11 Industrial 4 WAPDA House 6 Commercial 6 Commercial 6 Commercial 5 LESCO Head Quarter 6 Commercial 6 Radio Pak 14 Industrial 7 Alhamra A.C 6 Commercial 18 Expo Centre 6 Commercial 19 Forensic Science Lab 3 Domestic 9 Industrial 10 Government Printing Press 12 Industrial 9 Industrial 4 Commercial 4 Commercial 11 GPO 4 Commercial 7 Industrial 6 Commercial 12 NBP RHQ Building 4 Commercial 13 SNGPL Head Office 6 Commercial 4 Commercial 14 Audit Complex 6 Commercial 4 Commercial 5 Commercial 15 A.G Office 4 Commercial 5 Commercial 1 Domestic 16 BISE Lahore 11 Industrial 17 Postmaster General 6 Commercial Water & Sanitation Agency 18 14 Industrial (Sewerage Plant) 12 Industrial 12 Industrial 19 Bank of Punjab (BOP Tower) 12 Industrial 12 Industrial 20 State Bank of Pakistan 3 Domestic
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Monthly Billing and Account Receivables of Public Buildings Monthly billing from July 2013 to Jun 2015 is given in Table 5-28 and monthly account receivables up to Jun 2015 is provided in Annexure- XLI; VOL 3 of 3
Table 5-28: Monthly Billing Units TASK 2: A General 7 Months Units Billed (KWh) Jul-13 2,362,003 Aug-13 2,395,306 Sep-13 2,272,531 Oct-13 1,997,066 Nov-13 1,548,327 Dec-13 1,478,584 Jan-14 1,296,620 Feb-14 1,244,092 Mar-14 1,431,543 Apr-14 1,596,757 May-14 2,333,169 Jun-14 2,382,387 Jul-14 2,281,014 Aug-14 2,684,232 Sep-14 2,340,994 Oct-14 1,766,737 Nov-14 1,427,592 Dec-14 1,395,964 Jan-15 1,437,309 Feb-15 1,347,022 Mar-15 1,654,819 Apr-15 2,078,064 May-15 2,661,898 Jun-15 2,614,530
The detailed sheet in extracting the above table has been annexed as Annexure-VI; VOL 2 of 3. Characteristics of the Demand of Buildings & its Contribution to Peak Characteristics of the Demand of Universities and its Contribution to Peak Period of the Supply System from (2012-2014) are given in Tables 5-29, 5-30, and 5-31 below: The Load Curves for LESCO (Red) from (2012-2014) in Figures 5-24, 5-25 and 5-26 below have been scaled down 100 times i.e. (Actual (MW) / 100) for clear visualization of variations.
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Table 5-29: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak Period of Supply 2012 Loading with Total 2012 Time Respect to Demand LESCO Supply (Hrs) LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 6.7 3,663 0.18 01:00 - 02:00 4.6 3,695 0.12 02:00 - 03:00 3.9 3,828 0.10 03:00 - 04:00 3.5 3,972 0.09 04:00 - 05:00 3.8 3,624 0.10 05:00 - 06:00 2.2 3,366 0.07 06:00 - 07:00 3.2 3,327 0.10 07:00 - 08:00 5.5 3,428 0.16 08:00 - 09:00 6.3 3,475 0.18 09:00 - 10:00 6.8 3,580 0.19 10:00 - 11:00 8.2 3,690 0.22 11:00 - 12:00 9.2 3,663 0.25 12:00 - 13:00 10.1 3,747 0.27 13:00 - 14:00 9.4 3,617 0.26 14:00 - 15:00 9.0 3,456 0.26 15:00 - 16:00 7.5 3,879 0.19 16:00 - 17:00 6.6 3,776 0.17 17:00 - 18:00 7.1 3,704 0.19 18:00 - 19:00 6.1 3,859 0.16 19:00 - 20:00 7.4 4,042 0.18 20:00 - 21:00 5.4 3,914 0.14 21:00 - 22:00 6.6 4,065 0.16 22:00 - 23:00 4.5 3,809 0.12 23:00 - 24:00 4.9 3,410 0.14
Figure 5-24: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak Period 2012
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0 LOAD(MW)
10.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Table 5-30: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak period 2013 Loading with Total 2013 Time Respect to Demand LESCO Supply (Hrs) LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 4.6 3,408 0.13 01:00 - 02:00 3.3 3,502 0.09 02:00 - 03:00 4.6 3,476 0.13 03:00 - 04:00 3.6 3,444 0.10 04:00 - 05:00 3.8 3,665 0.10 05:00 - 06:00 3.9 3,563 0.11 06:00 - 07:00 5.3 3,774 0.14 07:00 - 08:00 5.9 3,847 0.15 08:00 - 09:00 6.2 3,880 0.16 09:00 - 10:00 6.9 3,940 0.18 10:00 - 11:00 7.2 3,645 0.20 11:00 - 12:00 7.0 3,841 0.18 12:00 - 13:00 7.3 3,850 0.19 13:00 - 14:00 7.8 3,880 0.20 14:00 - 15:00 10.4 3,769 0.27 15:00 - 16:00 6.2 3,880 0.16 16:00 - 17:00 8.7 3,810 0.23 17:00 - 18:00 5.8 4,258 0.14 18:00 - 19:00 7.4 4,787 0.15 19:00 - 20:00 5.5 3,999 0.14 20:00 - 21:00 5.7 3,905 0.15 21:00 - 22:00 4.5 3,990 0.11 22:00 - 23:00 3.8 3,522 0.11 23:00 - 24:00 3.8 3,423 0.11
Figure 5-25: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak Period 2013
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
LOAD(MW) 20.0
10.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Table 5-31: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak Period 2014 Loading with Total 2012 Time Respect to Demand LESCO Supply (Hrs) LESCO (MW) (MW) (%) 00:00 - 01:00 2.3 3,366 0.07 01:00 - 02:00 2.6 3,349 0.08 02:00 - 03:00 3.2 3,344 0.10 03:00 - 04:00 2.6 3,358 0.08 04:00 - 05:00 2.8 3,559 0.08 05:00 - 06:00 2.9 3,463 0.08 06:00 - 07:00 3.2 3,674 0.09 07:00 - 08:00 4.7 3,617 0.13 08:00 - 09:00 8.2 3,654 0.22 09:00 - 10:00 8.1 3,591 0.23 10:00 - 11:00 8.6 3,529 0.24 11:00 - 12:00 11.9 3,961 0.30 12:00 - 13:00 9.9 3,760 0.26 13:00 - 14:00 10.6 3,892 0.27 14:00 - 15:00 13.5 3,689 0.37 15:00 - 16:00 10.2 3,823 0.27 16:00 - 17:00 11.8 3,809 0.31 17:00 - 18:00 11.0 4,588 0.24 18:00 - 19:00 6.6 4,218 0.16 19:00 - 20:00 6.1 3,730 0.16 20:00 - 21:00 3.2 4,270 0.07 21:00 - 22:00 4.5 4,378 0.10 22:00 - 23:00 4.7 3,341 0.14 23:00 - 24:00 4.4 3,343 0.13
Figure 5-26: Demand of Buildings & Contribution to Peak Period 2014
50.0 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0
20.0 LOAD(MW) 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 TIME(HOURS)
LOAD(MW) LESCO
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Share of Account Receivables by Buildings Share of Account Receivables by Buildings up to June, 2015 is given in Annexure XLII of VOL 3 of 3 Specific Data The specific data for Buildings is attached as Annexure-XIII; VOL 2 of 3. 5.4.4 Preliminary Siting and Analysis According to a broad estimate, the average solar capacity is approximately 0.07 kW per square meter in Lahore, Pakistan. Keeping this in view, Table 5-32 compares available space in various buildings versus estimated solar capacity.
Table 5-32: Public Buildings Solar Estimate Task C Available Solar Load Load Solar Loading Name Of Public Buildings Space Estimate (A) (kW) Percentage (m2) (kW) Arfa Software Technology Park 190 3,077 22,186 1553 50 Alhamra A.C 63 1,020 2,257 158 15 Expo Centre 74 1,197 43,525 3,047 100 Forensic Science Lab 60 972 4,178 292 30 Government Printing Press 32 518 2,833 198 38 LESCO H.Q 40 648 1,037 73 11 Radio Pakistan 10 162 234,022 1,6382 100 Regional Income Tax 70 1,134 1,207 85 7 Shaheen Complex 90 1,458 3,242 227 16 WAPDA House 100 1,619 557 39 2 GPO 23 370 7,455 522 100 NBP RHQ Building 36 588 1,161 81 14 SNGPL Head Office 21 337 269 19 6 Audit Complex 34 558 2,386 167 30 A.G Office 40 648 1,593 112 17 BISE Lahore 18 285 1,893 133 46 Postmaster General 4 66 5,630 394 100 Water & Sanitation 90 1,458 0.00 0.00 0 Agency(Sewerage Plant) Bank of Punjab (BOP Tower) 22 352 464 33 9 State Bank of Pakistan 51 826 3,356 235 28 Total 1,068 17,293 339,251 23,750 Average Percentage for Solar Conversion 137*
*Weighted average Average percentage of possible solar contribution of Buildings is about 137%. The preliminary siting data for Buildings is attached as Annexure-XIII; VOL 2 of 3.
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Analysis The above tables and figures present daily load of similar days (all summer days) of each year i.e. 2012, 2013 and 2014 variations describe the following characteristics; i. The peak load for public buildings appears in the afternoon because public buildings are mostly close in the evening. While the peak load for LESCO appears in evening. ii. The loading pattern during the day (00:00-24:00 hrs.) and variation are similar in nature. iii. There is initial peak around Fajar prayer timing followed by a fall, till there occurrence as comparatively sharper rise again coinciding general wakeup time, activities preparatory to opening of schools/offices, and a further rise, a gradual one as the business activities start. As the business attains its full activities around mid-day, somewhat flatness is observed in the load indicating maximum participation of general public i.e. offices/schools/shops etc. this is closely followed by a dip again due to most probably closing of schools/ some offices/few business activities etc. Resumption of commercial activities is reflected in the hours that follow, with peak in the evening hours and the gradual fall after 22:00 hrs till morning hours. A study of these tables/graphs reveals that the contribution of the buildings to the peak period of LESCO supply system spread over the period 2011-2014 is very little/negligible, varying in the range from 0.37% (Max) to 0.07% (Min).
5-121 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan END-OF-GRID (IESCO) Introduction End of Grid (IESCO) is supplying power to the civil districts of Islamabad capital, Rawalpindi, Attock, Chakwal and Jehlum. This Company came into existence in the year 2001 after unbundling of WAPDA system. Earlier it was known as Islamabad Area Electricity Board (AEB). Its distribution network in the year 2001 was comprised of forty six 132 kV, fourteen 66 kV and five 33kV sub-stations and ending June 2015 it has sixty eight 132 kV, nine 66 kV and five 33 kV sub- stations. This shows substantial expansion in the system based on the increase in consumer’s base. Figure 6-1 shows the geographical map of IESCO
Figure 6-1: Geographical Map of IESCO
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IESCO System Statistics The computed peak demand of IESCO in the year 2014 was2,347 MW, and recorded peak demand was 1,381 MW, energy sale was 8,147 GWh and energy purchased was 8,816 GWh. Figure 6-2 shows the computed peak demand and recorded peak demand of IESCO (2012-2014). The total number of consumers ending June 2014 was 2.462 Million out of which 2.085 Million were domestic, 0.351 Million were commercial and 0.00818 Million were agricultural. Figure 6-3 shows the increase in number of consumers of IESCO (2012-2014). In the year 2014 the total length of 11 and 0.4 Kv are 24,268 and 26,143 Km respectively. The connected MVA is 3737 ending June 2014. Transmission and distribution losses at the end of 2014 were 2% and 8% respectively. At the end of 2014 total sale of IESCO in terms of megawatt was 1,426 MW, which includes 955 MW for the domestic sector, 292 MW for medium & large industries and 26 MW for small industries. The shares of domestic sector and industrial sector were 67% and 20.51% respectively with respect to total energy sale Figure 6-4 and 6-5 shows sales of 2013 and 2014 respectively
Figure 6-2: Computed & Recorded Peak Demand of IESCO (2012-14)
2500 2318 2325 2347
2000
1500 1381 1276
1035 1000
500
0 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Capacity(MW) (Computed Peak Demand) Capacity(MW) (Recorded Peak Demand)
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Figure 6-3: Number of Consumers of IESCO (2012-2014)
2,400,000
2,350,000
2,300,000
2,250,000
2,200,000
2,150,000
2,100,000 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Figure 6-4: Sales of 2013
0.97% 12.75% 1.86% Domestic
Tube Well
M&L Industries
Small Industries 23.85% 59.45% Public Light
Commercial
1.12%
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Figure 6-5: Sales of 2014
1% 12% 2% Domestic
Tube Well
M&L Industries 23% Small Industries 61% Public Light
Commercial 1%
Methodology The detailed plan earlier chalked out was followed to accrue the objectives categorically with regard to selection of Remote Areas as per ToR in the following manners. Organizational Approach CEO IESCO was approached and a detailed meeting was held with the CEO and his technical team. CEO was kind enough to nominate a Chief Engineer as focal person for liaison, data collection and guide the consultant team. The team discussed further the data requirement and developed data sheet with his assistance and handed over to the Chief Engineer to pass on to the concerned formations of IESCO for data. In the data acquisition process first of all general data related to overall IESCO system was obtained. A list of remote grid stations along with details of capacity of power transformers (T/Fs), maximum and minimum load on 11 KV feeders emanating from such category Grid Stations, technical & administrative losses (both as per record sequel to load flows), units received, billed & receivables, T/Fs installed capacity-wise to asses connected KVA, feeder length of line and conductor size with segregation, configuration (whether vertical, horizontal or diagonal) and list of specific category consumers likewise, agri pumps and agro processing pumps with inputs related to sanction load to match it at site through physical verifications. This was followed by carrying out screening analysis of all
6-4 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan remote end grid station. Two specific grid stations were selected in consultation with the utility officials for detailed analysis as stipulated in the ToR. The next steps were; To collect operational data of selected grids To visit site to verify the official data collected and to get primary data. To determine distributed generation potential, economic evaluation and preliminary siting exercise. Screening Analysis Tail-End-Grid & T/Lines Network, Power demand projection is made at DISCO level by taking in to account the forecast on economic development, forecast of consumers’ connection etc. Accordingly IESCO has also developed Electricity demand forecast based on Power Market Survey (PMS) (2014-24) referred and aggregated potential demand (Capacity & Energy Use) including & excluding quantum of load shedding for all category consumers by taking into account the annual growth rates as provided in following tables: Forecast based on recorded load ( Table 6-1) Forecast based on computed load ( Table 6-2)
The IESCO’s jurisdiction for supply of electricity extends in four civil districts i.e Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Attock, Jehlum and Chakwal. The identified tail end grid is located in all these districts. Therefore the demand projections made by IESCO fully meets the ToR requirement. However there are some tail end grid located in AJK territory where bulk power is supplied and distribution is done by the AJK electricity department.
Table 6-1: PMS Recorded Forecast (Excluding Load Shedding)
Energy Distribution Transmission Energy Load Peak Sale Losses Losses Sent Year Factor Demand out (GWh) G.R (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (%) (MW) (GWh) 2013-14 8,192 705 7.8 151 1.67 9,049 71 1,447 2014-15 8,788 7.3 760 7.8 161 1.66 9,709 71 1,556 2015-16 9,430 7.3 812 7.8 172 1.65 10,414 71 1,673 2016-17 10,313 9.4 867 7.6 186 1.64 11,366 71 1,829 2017-18 10,975 6.4 927 7.7 197 1.63 12,099 71 1,955 2018-19 11,670 6.3 989 7.7 208 1.62 12,867 70 2,088 2019-20 12,357 5.9 1,051 7.7 219 1.61 13,628 70 2,218 2020-21 13,093 5.9 1,115 7.7 231 1.60 14,438 70 2,357 2021-22 13,838 5.7 1,180 7.7 243 1.59 15,261 70 2,499 2022-23 14,596 5.5 1,246 7.7 255 1.58 16,097 70 2,643 2023-24 15,364 5.3 1,313 7.7 266 1.57 16,944 69 2,788 Ave. Growth 6.49% 6.47% 6.78% (2014-24)
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Table 6-2: PMS Computed Base Forecast
Computed Computed Energy Distribution Transmission Load Computed Energy G.R Energy G.R Year Sale Losses Losses Factor Peak Demand Sale Sent Out (GWh) (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (MW) (%) 2013-14 8,192 10,630 915 7.9 196.0 1.67 11,741 57 2,347 2014-15 8,788 11,265 6.0 974 8.0 206.5 1.66 12,446 57 2,493 6.2 2015-16 9,430 11,957 6.1 1,030 7.9 217.8 1.65 13,205 57 2,649 6.3 2016-17 10,313 12,899 7.9 1,091 7.8 233.2 1.64 14,223 57 2,857 7.8 2017-18 10,975 13,629 5.7 1,156 7.8 245.0 1.63 15,030 57 3,029 6.0 2018-19 11,670 14,378 5.5 1,223 7.8 256.9 1.62 15,857 56 3,207 5.9 2019-20 12,357 15,121 5.2 1,290 7.9 268.6 1.61 16,679 56 3,382 5.5 2020-21 13,093 15,913 5.2 1,358 7.9 281.0 1.60 17,552 56 3,567 5.5 2021-22 13,838 16,716 5.1 1,429 7.9 293.4 1.59 18,438 56 3,757 5.3 2022-23 14,596 17,534 4.9 1,500 7.9 305.9 1.58 19,340 56 3,949 5.1 2023-24 15,364 18,363 4.7 1,572 7.9 318.4 1.57 20,253 56 4,143 4.9 Ave. Growth 5.62% 5.60% 5.85% (2014-24)
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A detailed discussion was held with IESCO personnel and 10 grids stations of 132 KV namely Noorpur Sethi, Pinanwal, Talagang, Bhagwal, Basal, Ahmedal, Pindi Gheb, Chaint, Muree & Baragowh located at the tail end of IESCO's Network identified. Tail ended mean, a Radial Network with no alternatives for feedback as happened in case of Ring system, where 2nd circuit can be energized from source if one circuit becomes under permanent fault. Single Line Diagram of Grid & T/Lines System is as below in Figure 6-6:
Figure 6-6: Single Line Diagram of Grid & T/Lines System of IESCO
All technical and commercial data with respect to all 10 tail end Grid Stations showing maximum load, length of line with size of conductors, category wise consumers with load, energy billed (GWh), losses both technical, administrative and %age losses as per book & total connected KVA has been collected and are provided at Tables 6-3 to 6-8 while year wise units received and receivables (PKR in Million) are provided in Annexure XLIII; VOL 3 of 3,
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Table 6-3: Maximum Load Recorded
Name of Grid Name of Maximum Load (Amp) Maxi: Recorded Maxi: Recorded Amp Sr # Station Outgoing (132 KV) 11 KV 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Amp Overall (Date & Time) K.Kahar 190 200 200 220 230 230 19/6/2015 12.00 Miani 150 170 160 200 210 210 19/6/2015 12.00 1 Nur Pur Sethi Munara 150 170 190 200 200 200 19/6/2015 12.00 I/Camp 20 30 30 30 35 35 12/8/205 21.00 Padhrar 100 150 130 150 180 180 11/6/2015 14.00 C.W.O. 15 20 30 15 20 30 12/6/2013 11.00 Maj Riaz 220 260 320 330 320 330 06-08-2014 17.00 2 Pinanwal Rawal 240 250 240 240 260 260 05/7/2015 13.00 Sagarpur 230 280 330 340 380 380 07/8/2015 20.00 T/Gang Cit 210 260 260 260 250 260 14/7/2014 14.00 Jhatla 240 330 330 330 340 340 04/7/2015 09.00 Dharabi 170 230 240 240 230 240 10/6/2013 19.00 Kot Sarang 320 240 200 200 220 320 21/7/2011 10.00 3 Talagang Mian Bazar 250 180 180 190 180 250 13/7/2011 17.00 Mogla Not installed 190 200 180 160 200 10/6/2013 22.00 Bilabad 320 320 300 300 280 320 18/6/2012 17.00 Malikwal Not installed 150 180 170 150 180 25/9/2013 08.00 DK Pathan N/I 190 170 170 160 190 6/18/2012 Neela 135 220 215 190 190 220 18/6/2012 07.00 Hasil 80 120 130 130 130 06/7/2013 17.00 4 Bhagwal Kot Chudary 110 160 140 150 110 160 19/6/2012 22.00 Balkasar 200 230 230 240 150 260 09/7/2015 16.00 Bhatiot 130 150 170 180 260 180 15/7/2014 09.00 Mian Wala 215 110 100 120 160 280 14/6/2015 14.00 5 Basal Mithial 140 160 200 175 280 220 18/6/2015 11.00 Chajimar 110 120 120 170 220 170 28/6/2015 17.00 Azem Shaheed 0 0 0 0 170 150 16/6/2015 3.00 Ahmedal 155 180 220 150 150 220 03/7/2013 14.00 Dhurnal 165 170 200 130 170 200 03/7/2013 12.00 6 Ahmedal Khour 0 0 0 120 140 120 08/8/2015 15.00 M.Shaheed 0 0 0 140 120 140 19/6/2015 16.00
7 Pindigheb Gharibwal 150 140 130 140 140 160 19/6/2015 18.00
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Name of Grid Name of Maximum Load (Amp) Maxi: Recorded Maxi: Recorded Amp Sr # Station Outgoing (132 KV) 11 KV 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Amp Overall (Date & Time) P/Gheb 340 160 130 150 160 340 27/6/2011 16.00 Toot Oil 10 7 7 5 160 10 11/7/2011 21.00 Malhowali 160 230 200 240 5 290 21/6/2015 22.00 New City 0 240 220 260 290 370 22/6/2015 13.00 Soni 0 70 100 130 370 280 21/6/2015 23.00 Lehtrar 40 25 20 20 280 40 06/7/2015 20.00 8 Chaint Kotli Satian 0 80 95 75 40 95 09/8/2013 21.00 Balavera 0 85 25 25 70 85 23/8/2012 20.00 P.Point 70 75 80 150 50 150 07/6/2014 20.00 Barrian 70 70 70 80 70 80 01/8/2014 20.00 P.Health 100 80 90 80 70 100 21/6/201107.00 Gharrial 160 170 180 160 80 180 05/7/2013 20.00 P.A.F. 10 10 10 10 170 10 01/8/2015 20.00 Upper Topa 60 50 60 50 10 60 11/8/2015 20.00 Lora 250 270 270 120 60 270 08/8/2015 20.00 Patriata 210 160 200 160 130 210 30/8/2011 20.00 9 Muree Camp.Bagh 130 140 120 150 180 180 10/7/2014 21.00 Cecial 10 10 10 10 140 140 24-08-2015 21.00 Lora-2 0 0 120 170 10 170 05/7/2015 21.00 MCM 0 0 0 0 170 170 16/8/2015 21.00 Kohalla 140 140 150 160 10 160 28/7/2014 22.00 Kuldana 200 140 190 170 150 200 11/8/2015 20.00 P.C 30 40 30 30 40 40 09/7/2012 19.00 S/Bank 150 150 140 110 30 150 27/6/2011 19.00 Bugowal 125 200 190 180 220 220 19/6/2015 16.00 Hasnot 50 60 65 80 60 80 13/7/2014 15.00 10 B.Gowa Phadyal 75 90 100 120 110 120 13/7/2014 15.00 Domeli 180 205 275 215 270 275 19/6/2015 20.00
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Table 6-4: Units Billed of Tail End Grids
Energy Billed (GWh) Sr # Name of Grid Station (132 KV) Name of Outgoing 11 KV 2012 2013 2014 K.Kahar 8.933 9.222 10.461 Miani 7.585 7.593 8.783 1 Nur Pur Sethi Munara 8.43 8.511 9.679 I/Camp 0.889 0.903 0.975 C.W.O. 0.67 7.072 0.703 Maj Riaz 11.650 11.957 13.068 2 Pinanwal Rawal 11.999 12.263 13.661 Sagarpur 11.916 11.942 13.439 T/Gang Cit 9.484 9.437 11.577 Jhatla 9.123 9.729 11.466 Dharabi 7.456 8.279 9.311 Kot Sarang 9.947 6.840 7.997 3 Talagan Mian Bazar 10.997 6.361 6.643 Mogla 0.290 5.011 5.818 Bilabad 12.875 8.701 10.190 Malikwal 1.171 5.252 5.624 DK Pathan 0.926 4.668 5.485 Neela 7.265 7.573 8.212 Hasil 4.059 4.006 4.361 4 Bhagwal Kot Chudary 5.852 5.876 6.772 Balkasar 9.771 9.271 10.322 Bhatiot 6.784 7.097 7.801 Mian Wala 8.159 4.861 5.149 5 Basal Mithial 6.725 6.816 7.248 Chajimar 1.638 5.311 6.47 Ahmedal 11.194 11.218 9.940 Dhurnal 9.122 9.440 7.875 6 Ahmedal Khour 0 0 2.125 M.Shaheed 0 0 2.421 Gharibwal 5.882 6.025 6.772 7 Pindigheb P/Gheb 13.318 6.461 7.543 Toot Oil 0.364 0.318 0.316
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Energy Billed (GWh) Sr # Name of Grid Station (132 KV) Name of Outgoing 11 KV 2012 2013 2014 Malhowali 9.628 9.421 8.995 New City 3.436 10.689 11.380 Soni 3.414 4.162 6.009 8 Chaint Lehtrar 0 1.098 0.956 P.Point 4.016 3.858 4.189 Barrian 4.021 4.478 4.615 P.Health 5.288 5.432 5.476 Gharrial 11.893 12.605 10.236 P.A.F. 0.960 0.876 1.028 Upper Topa 2.727 2.763 2.911 9 Muree Patriata 9.560 6.118 7.194 Camp.Bagh 5.203 5.141 6.486 Cecial 0.194 0.164 0.197 Kohalla 6.667 6.917 9.883 Kuldana 9.539 8.565 8.747 P.C 2.512 2.269 2.607 Bugowal 6.552 6.610 7.375 Hasnot 2.067 2.306 2.793 10 B.Gowa Phadyal 3.760 3.979 4.575 Domeli 8.650 8.770 9.689
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Table 6-5: Percentage Losses
Name of Grid % age Losses %age Losses As Per Name of Outgoing 11 KV Station (132 KV) Technical (2013-15) Administrative (2013-15) Output 2013 K.Kahar 17.7 2 19.7 Miani 11.1 3 14.1 Munara 6.1 4.4 10.5 Nur Pur Sethi I/Camp 0 0 1.8 Maj Riaz 8.0 2.5 10.5 Rawal 3.0 6.0 9 Sagarpur 6.0 6.9 12.9 T/Gang Cit 13.1 3.4 9.7 Jhatla 16.3 2.9 19.2 Dharabi 9.3 4.0 13.3 Kot Sarang 18.0 9.3 8.7 Talagang Mian Bazar 9.2 3.9 13.1 Mogla 13.3 3.1 10.2 Bilabad 19.9 1.4 21.3 Malikwal 13.3 2.7 16.0 DK Pathan 10.8 7.6 18.4 Neela 10.0 1.0 11.0 Hasil 7.1 0.5 7.6 Bhagwal Kot Chudary 10.6 1.5 12.1 Balkasar 16.3 2.5 18.8 Bhatiot 5 11.2 16.2 Mian Wala 6 14.1 2.01 Basal Mithial 11 6.4 17.4 Chajimar 10 13.7 23.7 Ahmedal 10 15.4 25.4 Dhurnal 8 15 23 Ahmedal Khour 11 12.2 23.2 M.Shaheed 7 11.4 18.4 Gharibwal 21 15.9 36.9 P/Gheb 7 18.1 25.1 Pindighed Toot Oil 4 16.5 20.5 Malhowali 6 6 12 New City 10 12.2 22.2
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Name of Grid % age Losses %age Losses As Per Name of Outgoing 11 KV Station (132 KV) Technical (2013-15) Administrative (2013-15) Output 2013 Lehtrar 1 3 3 Chaint Kotli Satian _ 17.4 17.4 Balavera 2 10.6 12.6 P.Point 1 14 15 Barrian 11 9.4 20.4 P.Health 3 (-)0.3 2.7 Gharrial 11 16.7 27.7 P.A.F. 3 (-)0.3 2.7 Upper Topa 6 3.4 9.4 Muree Patriata 0 12 12 Cecial 2 10.6 12.6 Lora-2 3 2 5 MCM 0 0 0 Kohalla 6 5.2 11.2 Kuldana 2.5 14.1 16.6 P.C 1 0.6 1.6 Bugowal 12.2 13.07 25.2 Hasnot 6.4 4.6 11 B.Gowa Phadyal 7.5 6 13.5 Domeli 8 8.3 16.3
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Table 6-6: Category Wise Consumer Statistics Total Numbers & Name of Consumer Statistics (Feeder Wise) and connected Load Name of Connected Load Grid Sr # Outgoing Commercial Industrial Tube Well Others Station Load 11 KV Load Load Load Load No. (132 KV) No No No No (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW) K.Kahar 500 1,260 48 1,510 19 250 0 0 6,816 12,171 Nur Pur Miani 620 1,305 38 1,360 29 390 0 0 7,815 10,480 1 Sethi Munara 550 1,315 46 1,490 21 250 0 0 8,106 12,047 I/Camp 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3,750 1 3,750 C.W.O. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 713 1 713 Maj Riaz 597 1,068 15 26 45 495 1 3 10,339 11,808 2 Pinanwal Rawal 780 1,145 20 1,118 21 229 2 152 10,065 13,915 Sagarpur 1,132 1,520 12 524 20 776 1 2 11,009 13,516 T/Gang Cit 895 1,476 29 58 12 149 2 6 6,574 12,397 Jhatla 389 681 46 124 23 287 1 5 8,328 15,261 Dharabi 735 1,396 39 76 19 244 1 2 4,549 8,477 Kot Sarang 285 484 35 58 15 187 1 3 6,881 11,204 3 Talagang Mian Bazar 923 1,659 38 89 6 74 2 5 7,088 13,453 Mogla 376 564 39 112 23 295 1 2 5,573 10,214 Bilabad 457 617 49 113 35 451 0 0 8,795 15,635 Malikwal 649 1,025 41 102 16 198 4 6 3,233 5,870 DK Pathan 301 481 29 72 23 284 0 0 6,496 11,894 Neela 137 145 9 16 13 142 1 2 6,465 9,759 Hasil 127 184 8 14 14 152 1 3 4,270 7,769 4 Bhagwal Kot Chudary 129 199 11 23 16 175 2 5 5,744 9,898 Balkasar 973 1,537 31 74 19 207 1 3 6,343 12,193 Bhatiot - 319 - 261 - 251 0 0 - 4,373 Mian Wala - 450 - 280 - 285 - 6 - 6,262 Mithial 5 Basal - 720 - 308 - 277 - 0 - 7,914 Chajimar - 201 - 321 - 265 - 0 - 8,339 Azem - 232 - 162 - 210 - 0 - 4,869 Shaheed Ahmedal 216 648 25 125 18 250 0 0 - 7,619 Dhurnal 70 220 16 80 17 255 0 0 - 5,785 6 Ahmedal Khour 78 236 24 120 0 0 0 0 - 3,375 M.Shaheed 151 452 14 65 13 209 0 0 - 6,404
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Total Numbers & Name of Consumer Statistics (Feeder Wise) and connected Load Name of Connected Load Grid Sr # Outgoing Commercial Industrial Tube Well Others Station Load 11 KV Load Load Load Load No. (132 KV) No No No No (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW) Gharibwal 165 452 31 162 20 254 0 0 - 6,132 P/Gheb 195 566 25 175 19 251 0 0 - 7,844 Toot Oil 1,545 3,327 58 787 2 1,313 42 192 - 34,383 7 Pindigheb Malhowali 225 720 77 192 18 313 0 0 - 8,749 New City 415 1,039 32 156 23 280 45 192 - 6,535 Soni 170 550 31 102 17 215 0 0 - 5,123 Kotli Satian 24 479 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,045 6,828
Balavera 10 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,903 2,168 P.Point 251 814 28 271 0 0 0 0 3,272 6,018 Barrian 148 296 0 0 1 34 7 602 2,904 4,441 P.Health 0 0 0 0 2 1,314 0 0 2 1,314 Gharrial 504 1036 1 69 0 24 6 653 9,253 11,665 P.A.F. 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 563 2 563 Upper Topa 153 549 3 368 0 0 0 0 2,587 3,810 Patriata 471 1,139 2 34 0 0 3 12 10,076 12,887 9 Muree Camp.Bagh 381 801 103 988 0 0 9 571 5,091 8,816 Cecial 709 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,623 709 MCM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 148 1 148 Kohalla 544 1,089 3 189 0 0 4 636 8,727 11,514 Kuldana 1,037 4,554 1 14 0 0 8 685 5,437 12,317 P.C 3 1,163 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1,163 S/Bank 831 2,145 18 121 0 0 11 2,397 2,768 7,770 Bugowal - 396 - 110 - 135 - 0 - 9,542 Hasnot - 290 - 80 - 110 - 0 - 3,386 10 B.Gowa Phadyal - 412 - 125 - 140 - 0 - 6,847 Domeli - 759 - 146 - 189 - 0 - 11,684
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Table 6-7: Length and Size of Conductors
Name of Grid Length with Reference to Size of Conductor (KM) Sr # Name of Outgoing 11 KV Station (132 KV) Osprey Dog Rabbit Gopher Total K.Kahar 0 34.1 81.5 0 115.5 Miani 0 18.2 82.7 0 100.9 1 Nur Pur Sethi Munara 0 10.6 56.9 1.87 69.4 I/Camp 15.6 0 0 0 15.6 C.W.O. 22.8 0 0 0 22.8 Maj Riaz 11.5 2.5 88.5 0 102.5 2 Pinanwal Rawal 0 8.5 70.5 10.53 89.5 Sagarpur 4.2 3.8 56.1 0 64.1 T/Gang Cit 0 8.4 26.7 0 35.1 Jhatla 0 0 288.9 0 288.9 Dharabi 0 9.1 112.6 0 121.7 Kot Sarang 0 0 85.5 0 85.5 3 Talagang Mian Bazar 0 10.3 41.5 0 51.8 Mogla 0 0 125.9 0 125.9 Bilabad 0 0 80.8 0 80.8 Malikwal 0 0 36.0 0 36.0 DK Pathan 0 0 79.4 0 79.4 Neela 0 39.1 115.2 0 154.3 Hasil 0 0 96.4 0 96.4 4 Bhagwal Kot Chudary 0 30.8 118.2 0 149 Balkasar 0 45.3 71.5 0 116.8 Bhatiot 0 0 109 0 109 Mian Wala 0 20 226 22 268 5 Basal Mithial 0 7 132 - 139 Chajimar 0 5 72 24 101 Azem Shaheed 0 2 70 3 75 Ahmedal 0 0 92 0 92 Dhurnal 0 0 193 5 198 6 Ahmedal Khour 0 0 83 4 87 M.Shaheed 0 15 133 0 148 Gharibwal 0 0 231 0 231 P/Gheb 0 4 14 2 20 7 Pindighed Toot Oil 0 0 43 0 43 Malhowali 0 10 167 30 207
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Name of Grid Length with Reference to Size of Conductor (KM) Sr # Name of Outgoing 11 KV Station (132 KV) Osprey Dog Rabbit Gopher Total New City 0 0 17 2 19 Soni 0 0 40 2 42
Lehtrar - 15.9 22.1 37 - 8 Chaint Kotli Satian - - 142 - 142 Balavera - - 108 - 108 P.Point - - 84.16 - 84 Barrian - - 34.1 - 34 P.Health - 13.2 - - 13 Gharrial - 27 - - 27 P.A.F. - 28 10.1 - 38 Upper Topa - _ 76.9 - 77 Lora - 32 15 - 47 Patriata - 23 12 - 35 9 Muree Camp.Bagh - _ 78.15 - 78 Cecial - 21 17 - 38 Lora-2 - 23 15 - 38 MCM - 15 24 - 39 Kohalla - 18 27 - 45 Kuldana - 13 23 - 36 P.C - 21 15 - 36 S/Bank - 18 23 - 41 Bugowal 0 20 79 1 100 Hasnot 0 4 43 0 47 10 B.Gowa Phadyal 0 5 66 0 71 Domeli 0 21 79 0 100
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Table 6-8: Distribution & Capacity wise Transformer Name of No. of Distribution wise Transformers Capacity Wise (KVA) Name of Sr # Grid Total KVA Outgoing Station 25 50 100 200 400 630 25 50 100 200 400 630 Connected 11 KV (132 KV) K.Kahar 88 60 27 12 1 1 2,200 3,000 2,700 2,400 400 630 11,330 Nur Pur Miani 66 52 24 2 1 - 1,650 2,600 2,400 400 400 - 7,450 1 Sethi Munara 49 49 24 10 - - 1,225 2,450 2,400 2,000 - - 8,075 I/Camp - - - 25 - - - - - 5,000 - - 5,000 C.W.O. - 2 3 - - - - 100 300 - - - 400 Maj Riaz 15 82 25 5 - - 375 4,100 2,500 1,000 - - 7,975 2 Pinanwal Rawal 39 78 42 6 - - 975 3,900 4,200 1,200 - - 10,275 Sagarpur 18 61 28 8 - - 450 3,050 2,800 1,600 - - 7,900 T/Gang Cit 17 37 13 7 - - 425 1,850 1,300 1,400 - - 4,975 Jhatla 79 63 17 1 - - 1,975 3,150 1,700 200 - - 7,025 Dharabi 67 52 17 6 - - 1,675 2,600 1,700 1,200 - - 7,175 Kot Sarang 99 65 15 6 - - 2,475 3,250 1,500 1,200 - - 8,425 3 Talagang Mian Bazar 29 10 13 8 1 - 725 500 1,300 1,600 400 - 4,525 Mogla 25 38 23 5 - - 625 1,900 2,300 1,000 - - 5,825 Bilabad 105 77 18 3 - - 2,625 3,850 1,800 600 - - 8,875 Malikwal 21 12 7 4 - - 525 600 700 800 - - 2,625 DK Pathan 49 48 8 2 - - 1,225 2,400 800 400 - - 4,825 Neela 48 50 22 1 - - 1,200 2,500 2,200 200 - - 6,100 Hasil 32 23 23 - - - 800 1,150 2,300 - - - 4,250 4 Bhagwal Kot 7,825 Chudary 47 53 18 9 1 - 1,175 2,650 1,800 1,800 400 - Balkasar 40 26 18 1 - - 1,000 1,300 1,800 200 - - 4,300 Bhatiot 40 35 6 5 0 0 1,000 1,750 600 1,000 0 0 4,350 Mian Wala 100 55 3 1 0 0 2,500 2,750 300 200 0 0 5,750 Mithial 58 35 13 2 1 0 1,450 1,750 1,300 400 400 0 5,300 5 Basal Chajimar 106 52 8 2 0 0 2,650 2,600 800 400 0 0 6,450 Azem 32 15 4 3 0 0 800 750 400 600 0 0 2,550 Shaheed Ahmedal 57 48 23 10 0 0 1,425 2,400 2,300 2,000 0 0 8,125 Dhurnal 71 45 16 1 1 1 1,775 2,250 1,600 200 400 630 6,855 6 Ahmedal Khour 173 154 51 11 2 1 4,325 7,700 5,100 2,200 800 630 20,755 M.Shaheed 45 61 12 0 1 0 1,125 3,050 1,200 0 400 0 5,775
6-18 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Name of No. of Distribution wise Transformers Capacity Wise (KVA) Name of Sr # Grid Total KVA Outgoing Station 25 50 100 200 400 630 25 50 100 200 400 630 Connected 11 KV (132 KV) Gharibwal 107 37 11 1 0 0 2,675 1,850 1,100 200 0 0 5,825 P/Gheb 17 10 15 6 0 0 425 500 1,500 1,200 0 0 3,625 Toot Oil 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 200 0 0 200 7 Pindighed Malhowali 45 72 12 5 1 0 1,125 3,600 1200 1,000 400 0 7,325 New City 28 16 18 2 0 0 700 800 1,800 400 0 0 3,700 Soni 16 20 24 8 0 0 400 1,000 2,400 1,600 0 0 5,400
Lehtrar 44 8 2 0 0 0 1,100 400 200 0 0 0 1,700
Kotli Satian 74 65 6 0 0 0 1,850 3,250 600 0 0 0 5,700 8 Chaint Balavera 75 41 3 0 0 0 1,875 2,050 300 0 0 0 4,225 P.Point 14 15 23 6 0 0 350 750 2,300 1,200 0 0 4,600 Barrian 6 6 23 8 0 0 150 300 2,300 1,600 0 0 4,350 P.Health 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 2,800 0 0 2,800 Gharrial 14 48 25 2 0 0 350 2,400 2,500 400 0 0 5,650 P.A.F. 0 1 4 0 0 2 0 50 400 0 0 1,260 1,710 Upper Topa 0 35 4 4 0 0 0 1,750 400 800 0 0 2,950 Lora 5,750 9 Muree Patriata 68 53 6 2 1 0 1,700 2,650 600 400 400 0 6,825 Camp.Bagh 27 47 28 5 0 0 675 2,350 2,800 1,000 0 0 1,800 Cecial 0 0 6 6 0 0 0 0 600 1,200 0 0 300 MCM 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 200 100 0 0 0 4,525 Kohalla 27 13 26 3 0 0 675 650 2,600 600 0 0 12,550 Kuldana 38 20 30 34 2 0 950 1,000 3,000 6,800 800 0 2,520 P.C 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1,260 1,260 10,480 S/Bank 18 16 28 27 1 1 450 800 2,800 5,400 400 630 6,325 Bugowal 43 69 10 4 - - 1,075 3,450 1,000 800 - - 2,325 Hasnot 13 24 8 0 - - 325 1,200 800 - - - 5,200 10 B.Gowa Phadyal 44 66 6 1 - - 1,100 3,300 600 200 - - 8,850 Domeli 46 80 27 5 - - 1,150 4,000 2,700 1,000 - - 11,330
6-19 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Potential Aggregated Demand in End of Grid Technical data of all tail end grid stations (except the grids located in AJK area) has been collected and are tabulated in tables above. Cumulative demand of these grids is tabulated in Table 6-9 below and projected for next ten years up to 2024 on the basis of demand growth rates of overall IESCO system. The above table shows that total demand of tail end grids is expected to increase from 176 MW in 2014 to 363 MW in 2024. It is worth to mention here that all the tail end grid are far away from power feeding points that is far away from power generation stations and main grids. Therefore these marred with low voltage and high losses. In addition, due to its location in the far-flung area of the utility it is also highly vulnerable to load shedding. The population of such are normally complain for load shedding of 18-20 hours in peak summer. This load shedding coupled with low voltage and heavy line losses is severely affecting their normal economic activity. Since almost entire northern Punjab’s economy is agriculture based, therefore they need to run their tube wells to water their crops. In addition there are a lot of economic activity which is dependent on agricultural produce; like there are many agro processing industries that requires electricity and in the absence of grid power or due to availability of poor quality of power they are forced to use diesel generators to meet their power demand which is expensive and additional burden on their already deplorable economic conditions. Now there are a number of options to give some relief to poor consumers of these rural areas viz i) overall power supply to these area is increased according to area requirement and reduce load shedding, and for this purpose over all power generation will need to be increased which will be fed in to main grid and will have minimum impact on these area power supply situation, ii) rehabilitate existing distribution lines and power transformation capacity which will be an expensive option and iii) establish a distributed power generation system by using renewable energy technologies and install a small solar park or use wind energy, if potential is available or develop and small bio mass based power plant using rice husk and other alternate source of fuel or use bio gas for smaller power generation units (since these are agricultural based areas therefore bagasse and animal dung are available in the area) or use diesel power generation which will be expensive option and feed directly in to existing grids.
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Table 6-9: Existing and Projected Demand of Tail End Grids Grid N.P Pinanwal Talagang Basal Bhagwal Baragowah Chaint Muree P.Gheb Ahmedal Total Station Sethi Demand Maximum Demand ( MW) Years (MW) 2015 16.6 16.4 36.6 22.5 14.9 9.5 3.5 32.5 13.8 9.8 176.1 2016 20.0 17.4 40.3 25.5 17.1 10.0 3.7 35.6 14.7 10.7 195.0 2017 23.5 18.5 44.1 28.6 19.3 10.6 4.0 38.7 15.5 11.5 214.3 2018 27.0 19.6 47.9 31.8 21.6 11.1 4.2 42.0 16.4 12.4 234.0 2019 30.7 20.8 51.9 35.0 23.9 11.7 4.5 45.3 17.3 13.3 254.4 2020 34.4 21.6 56.0 38.3 26.2 12.3 4.8 48.7 18.2 14.2 274.7 2021 38.3 23.1 60.2 41.7 28.7 12.9 5.1 52.2 19.2 15.1 296.5 2022 42.2 24.4 64.4 45.1 31.1 13.5 5.4 55.8 20.1 16.1 318.1 2023 46.2 25.6 68.8 48.7 33.7 14.1 5.7 59.5 21.1 17.1 340.5 2024 50.3 26.9 73.3 52.3 36.2 14.8 6.0 63.2 22.1 18.1 363.2
6-21 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
In view of above discussion it is evident that the third option appears to be the only viable and suitable option. However, for implementation of option further studies will need to be conducted. A detailed ranking study needs to be initiated for all tail end grids to access the potential demand of every tail end grid. It should also access the potential of alternative energy resources that could meet requirement of the area in a sustainable manner. In addition technical status of existing grids and its affiliated distribution lines also will need to be looked to access the amount of additional that can fed in to the existing system. The ranking should be based on financial and economic viability of the project. Based on this ranking study, best ranked grid could be picked for further actions. There will be some regulatory and management issues like; if such type of intervention will be allowed by the regulator, will the concerned DISCO be willing to take such intervention, who is going to fund intervention, if DISCO do not agree for such intervention then who and how this is going to be implemented etc. All such type of questions needs to be looked in to before finalizing any intervention. Site Specific Demand Analysis 10 tail-ended 132 KV grid stations were selected with the assistance of IESCO. Geographical map and single line diagram of Grid and T/L Network was collected. This was essential for selection of 1-2 sites for case studies with regard to site specific demand analysis and least cost analysis. The following discussion will reveal the criteria for selection of 1-2 sites for renewable energy generation. The sites to be selected would have the following de- merits Excessive length of 11 Kv feeder – Major potion with under size conductor eventually contributing to high I2 R Losses Loading conditions – Beyond current carrying capacity Small-size conductor High losses collectivity both technically and administrative. Voltages level both on 66 or 132 Kv bus bar and measured at consumer premises having 3-phase supply. Billing and receivable etc. – Extracted from inputs Hourly loading P.F and voltages for the day when maximum load recorded in the period 2012-2015 The company does not have updated data of technical losses beyond 2013 and it was apprised that task has been assigned to some private firm. Similarly the digitization task of 11 Kv network has not been finalized so far despite the fact that all distribution companies including IESCO stands equipped with related software
6-22 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan under USAID PDP funding plan, which is mandatory to facilitate load flows for correct and healthy solutions under ELR (Energy Loss Reduction). This latest software leads towards ascertaining the present technical losses correctly. Data Collection After having all inputs in respect of 11 KV feeders emanating from 10 x 132 KV tail ended Grid Stations, we selected 2 x Grid Stations namely Pinawal and Talagang located in Pind Dadan Khan and Talagang respectively for Case Studies for Renewable Energy Generation (solar only as wind seems to be un-feasible as technically it can only be applied in coastal areas) for Agri pumps as no Agro- processing industry likewise sugar mill found available in the remote area within area of jurisdiction of IESCO. The feeders selected are lengthy ones, loaded beyond 250 Amps and having 90% length with undersized conductor i.e., ACSR Rabbit having current carrying capacity 190 Amps. Area/Demography & Population - TALAGANG Tehsil Talagang lies in the west of Chakwal city at a distance of 45 km and 28 km from the Motorway Balkassar interchange. Having 23 UCs, it consists of Barani Agricultural area. Formerly it was the part of District Attock. It was included in Chakwal with the inception of Chakwal as District in 1985. The Tehsil borders with Tehsil Chakwal in east, District Mianwali in west, District Attock in north and District Khushab in south. According to 1998 census, the population of Talagang Urban is 60,573 and Talagang Rural is 400,678. The Urban area of Talagang is 64,343 Acre and rural area is 675,633 Acre. Total area of Talagang is 330 Sq. Km. There are 85 villages and 10 Rakhs.4
The following are the demographic details of Tehsil Talagang according to DCR 1998:
98 Avg.98
-
Area Male
Tehsil
Female
rate (%)rate
(sq.km.)
Sex Sex Ratio
Population
Both Sexes
Avg. HH size
1981
annualgrowth
density/sq. km.
Population 1981
Urban proportion
Talagang 2,932 380,421 180,243 200,178 90.0 129.7 9.9 5.8 267,392 2.09
Source: District Census Report 1998, Population Census Organization, Statistics Division, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad.
4 Flood Plan 2014 District Chakwal
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Number of Union Population (Thousand Persons) Councils 1998 Urban Population Estimated as on 31-12- As per 1998 Census (%) Total Urban Rural 2013 Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural 23 2 21 380 38 342 474 47 427 10.0
Basic Social Infrastructure:
As regards to social infrastructure, there are 503 Schools, 3 Colleges, 1 Hospital, 4 Police stations, 34 Post Offices and 33 Banks.5
Primary /Middle /high /higher Police Railway Post Tehsil College Hospital Banks secondary station stations office School Talagang 503 3 1 4 0 34 33 Talagang is a tehsil headquarter and by virtue of this it is like small reasonably development town. Some construction activities for commercial and residential purposes are also going on in the tehsil Area/Demography & Population - PIND DADAN KHAN This area has been giving huge revenues to the government through its natural resources such as salt, marble and minerals. The Pind Dadan Khan Tehsil has an area of 1267 sq km.
Population Forecast (1998-2020) Year 1998 2005 2010 2015 2020 Population 18,766 22,079 24,798 27,852 31,282 Basic Social Infrastructure: Hospitals: The Tehsil Headquarter Hospital (also known as Civil Hospital) is located along Hospital Road, which is an off-shoot of Jhelum Road. Besides, the town has also some private hospitals, mainly towards the northern direction. Schools There are two degree colleges, one for males and the other for females. The Boys‟ Degree College is located on the Khewra Road towards north of the town. The Women Degree College is however located in the southern direction, near the old tehsil office. The town has three High Schools, one for boys and two for girls. These schools are located near the main residential area of the old city. The primary schools are generally scattered throughout town. A number of private schools have sprung up, particularly towards northern direction.
5 Punjab Development Statistics 2011 / Respective District Offices.
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Parks Pind Dadan Khan is highly deficient in parks and open spaces. At present only three open spaces exist in the eastern part of the town near the main drain. Although the Tehsil Municipal Administration have some proposals for the development of parks / playgrounds but their financial resources are not allowing them to proceed. Economic Conditions and Activities: This town has not grown economically. The reason is its strategic location. Mostly towns grow because of inflow of rural population in its vicinity. Most of the towns in Punjab grew as Mandi Towns, as the agrarian economy led the mobility of masses in terms of means of earning, education and health. In case of PD Khan there are no villages, the land is not fertile and means of earning is limited. Even today most of the people earn as small vendors, shopkeepers, etc. This is the reason for having limited demand for higher order level of services and land uses to be flourished in the town as there was limited demand for it. As being the less developed area, the housing conditions in town is shabby and deteriorated. Mostly houses are single story with the narrow streets and poor infrastructure facilities. Many of the new health and education facilities and public buildings have been developed in the northern zone, towards north of Pind Dadan Khan – Jhelum Road. Most of the future growth is thus likely to take place in that direction. The Technical Data Technical data pertaining to all out going feeders from these grids are provided at Tables 6-12 & 6-13, while year wise units received and receivables (PKR in Million) are provided in Annexure - XLIV in VOL 3 of 3, These data has been collected from IESCO related sections i.e P&E, Customer services, computer center, PDC and GSO formations. Load Curves Based on Peak Demand Typical daily load curves for the period 2011-15 in respect of inspected 11 KV feeders and those emanating from 132 KV Talagang and Pinanwal Grid Stations are shown at Figures 6-9 to 6-21 The Aggregate potential demand of Districts Jehlum and Chakwal as both selected 132 KV Pinanwal and Talagang Grid Stations are located within the proximity of these District respectively is at Table 6-10 and 6-11.
6-25 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Table 6-10: Energy, Generation and Demand Forecast For District: CHAKWAL Distribution Transmission Load Energy Sale Generation Peak Demand Year Losses Losses Factor (GWh) G.R % (GWh) (%) (GWh) % (GWh) (%) (MW) 2013-14 1,437 0.00 90 5.87 26 1.67 1,552 50 356 2014-15 1,522 5.93 98 6.03 27 1.66 1,647 50 379 2015-16 1,660 9.05 106 5.99 30 1.65 1,795 50 414 2016-17 1,961 18.13 114 5.49 35 1.64 2,109 50 485 2017-18 2,050 4.55 122 5.63 36 1.63 2,208 50 509 2018-19 2,141 4.45 131 5.76 37 1.62 2,309 49 534 2019-20 2,234 4.36 140 5.88 39 1.61 2,413 49 559 2020-21 2,330 4.27 148 5.99 40 1.60 2,519 49 585 2021-22 2,428 4.19 157 6.09 42 1.59 2,627 49 612 2022-23 2,528 4.12 167 6.19 43 1.58 2,738 49 639 2023-24 2,630 4.05 176 6.27 45 1.57 2,851 49 666 Ave. Growth 6.23% 6.27% 6.47% (2014-2024) Source: Power Market Survey IESCO (2014-2024)
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Table 6-11: Energy, Generation and Demand Forecast For District: JHELUM Distribution Transmission Load Energy Sale Generation Peak Demand Year Losses Losses Factor (GWh) G.R % (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (GWh) (%) (MW) 2013-14 1,441 0.00 140 8.87 27 1.67 1,608 53 348 2014-15 1,489 3.33 145 8.85 28 1.66 1,662 53 360 2015-16 1,541 3.49 149 8.83 28 1.65 1,718 53 373 2016-17 1,593 3.36 154 8.82 29 1.64 1,776 52 386 2017-18 1,645 3.26 159 8.80 30 1.63 1,834 52 400 2018-19 1,699 3.28 164 8.78 31 1.62 1,894 52 413 2019-20 1,755 3.30 169 8.77 32 1.61 1,956 52 427 2020-21 1,813 3.30 174 8.75 32 1.60 2,019 52 441 2021-22 1,871 3.20 179 8.73 33 1.59 2,083 52 456 2022-23 1,931 3.20 184 8.72 34 1.58 2,149 52 471 2023-24 1,992 3.17 190 8.70 35 1.57 2,217 52 487 Ave. Growth 3.29% 3.27% 3.41% (2014-2024)
Source: Power Market Survey IESCO (2014-2024)
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Field Inspection
The consultant detailed its inspecting team for selection of sites in consultation with Key Stakeholders ( in this case IESCO's concerned Operation Divisions heads and SDOs of Talagang and Pind Dadan Khan Divisions). The inspecting team consisting of Two Engineers, inspected on dated 28th October, 2015 Talagang area and visited 04 No of Agri pumps with assistance of SDOs concerned and their related field staff. The data collected from sites on 11 KV Jhatla , Bilalabad and Kot Sarang feeders with regards to capacity of motors at site and actually connected load by applying Clip-on meter to have first-hand information i.e. Phase wise load. Accordingly site specific demand as worked out by taking into account the average value of current. The site specific pro forma was filled in for all the inspected sites accordingly are attached at Annexure-XIV; VOL 2 of 3. It is concluded from this exercise that the load of Agri Tubewell varies in between 10- 20 HP or 7.5-15 KW. A 25 Hp Tube well at Dhok Shatal, Talagang is shown in Figure 6-7 Figure 6-7: 25 Hp Tube well at Dhok Shatal, Talagang
Similar type inspection process was exercised in Pind Dadan Khan Divisions remote area dominated with Agri tubewells where about 8 sites were checked with the assistance of concerned SDOs and their field staff. The inputs on the prescribed format for these inspected sites are placed at Annexure-XIV; VOL 2 of 3 and as per assessment, the average motor capacity installed is about 7.5-25 HP or 7.5-15 KW. As per ground verification, the bio-data of agri consumers in the area of Talagang and Pind Dadan Khan is indicated in Tables 6-14 & 6-15 whereas single line diagrams of related feeders are attached at Annexure-XV; VOL 2 of 3. It is worth to mention here that no agro-processing industries are available in that remote area of the district. As a matter of fact any type of industry cannot be developed/
6-28 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan established in such a remote area. For any kind industry, irrespective of its size that essential infrastructure like the most important infrastructure is the availability or reasonably good quality road to have easy access to market which is not available in most of the rural area of Pakistan. Therefore the team had to concentrate on available tube wells. A photograph showing measuring of load at Dharyala Jalip, Pind Dadan Khan is shown in Figure 6-8. Figure 6-8: Measuring Load at Dharyala Jalip, Pind Dadan Khan
Current Tariff Current tariff applied in respect of IESCO and issued vide Ministry of W&P notification no. SRO/569(1)/2015 applicable w.e.f 10-06-2015 and monthly billing of Agri consumers of Talagang and Pind Dadan Khan are given in Tables 6-12 & 6-13
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Table 6-12: 132 KV Talagang and Pinanwal Grid Stations for Specific Site Power Total T/F Maximum load Recorded Length with Reference to Size of Category Wise Consumer Statistics (Feeder Wise) Numbers & Name of Capacity (Amp) Maxi: Maxi: Conductor (KM) and connected Load Connected Name of Grid (MVA) Recorded Recorded Load Outgoing Station Max: Overall (Date & Time) Comm: Ind: T/Well Others 11 KV (132 KV) Load in (Amp) (Amp) Load 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Osprey Dog Rabbit Gopher Total Load Load Load Load No. Amps No. No. No. No. (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW) (KW)
12/6/2013 C.W.O. 15 20 30 15 20 30 22.8 0 0 0 22.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 713 1 713 11.00 06-08-2014 10,33 11,80 Maj Riaz 220 260 320 330 320 330 11.5 2.5 88.5 0 102.5 597 1,068 15 26 45 495 1 3 T-2 17.00 9 8 Pinanwal (10/13) 05/7/2015 10,06 13,91 Rawal 240 250 240 240 260 260 0 8.5 70.5 10.53 89.5 780 1,145 20 1,118 21 229 2 152 13.00 5 5 07/8/2015 11,00 13,51 Sagarpur 230 280 330 340 380 380 4.2 3.8 56.1 0 64.1 1,132 1,520 12 524 20 776 1 2 20.00 9 6 14/7/2014 12,39 T/Gang Cit 210 260 260 260 250 260 0 8.4 26.7 0 35.1 895 1,476 29 58 12 149 2 6 6,574 14.00 7 04/7/2015 15,26 Jhatla 240 330 330 330 340 340 0 0 288.9 0 288.9 389 681 46 124 23 287 1 5 8,328 09.00 1 10/6/2013 Dharabi 170 230 240 240 230 240 0 9.1 112.6 0 121.7 735 1,396 39 76 19 244 1 2 4,549 8,477 19.00 Kot 21/7/2011 11,20 320 240 200 200 220 320 0 0 85.5 0 85.5 285 484 35 58 15 187 1 3 6,881 T-3 Sarang 10.00 4 (10/13) Mian 13/7/2011 13,45 Talagang 250 180 180 190 180 250 0 10.3 41.5 0 51.8 923 1,659 38 89 6 74 2 5 7,088 T-4 Bazar 17.00 3 (20/26) Not 10/6/2013 10,21 Mogla 190 200 180 160 200 0 0 125.9 0 125.9 376 564 39 112 23 295 1 2 5,573 installed 22.00 4 18/6/2012 15,63 Bilabad 320 320 300 300 280 320 0 0 80.8 0 80.8 457 617 49 113 35 451 0 0 8,795 17.00 5 Not 25/9/2013 Malikwal 150 180 170 150 180 0 0 36.0 0 36.0 649 1,025 41 102 16 198 4 6 3,233 5,870 installed 08.00 11,89 DK Pathan N/I 190 170 170 160 190 6/18/2012 0 0 79.4 0 79.4 301 481 29 72 23 284 0 0 6,496 4
6-30 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Table 6-13: 132 KV Talagang and Pinanwal Grid Stations for Specific Site
Power Year Wise Energy Year Wise Energy No. of Distribution wise %age Losses Capacity Wise (KVA) T/F Received (GWh) Billed (GWh) Receiv Transformers Capac able % age Name of ity Name of Endin Losses Grid Techn Adminis Total KVA (MVA) Outgoing g June As Per Station ical trative Connected Max: 11 KV 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 2015 Output 25 50 100 200 400 630 25 50 100 200 400 630 (132 KV) (2013- (2013- Load (P In 2013 15) 15) in M) Amps T-2 C.W.O. 0.648 0.73 0.678 0.67 7.072 0.703 0.507 0.00 0.00 -1.5 - 2 3 - - - - 100 300 - - - 400 2,50 (10/13) Maj Riaz 13.81 13.8 15.25 11.65 11.96 13.07 10.760 8.0 2.5 10.5 15 82 25 5 - - 375 4,100 1,000 - - 7,975 0 Pinanwal 13.64 4,20 Rawal 13.38 15.17 12 12.26 13.66 12.270 3.0 6.0 9 39 78 42 6 - - 975 3,900 1,200 - - 10,275 8 0 2,80 Sagarpur 13.32 13.57 14.97 11.92 11.94 13.44 4.660 6.0 6.9 12.9 18 61 28 8 - - 450 3,050 1,600 - - 7,900 0 T-3 T/Gang 1,30 11.1 11.4 12.88 9.484 9.437 11.58 7.889 13.1 3.4 9.7 17 37 13 7 - - 425 1,850 1,400 - - 4,975 (10/13) Cit 0 1,97 1,70 T-4 Jhatla 11.47 12.39 14.32 9.123 9.729 11.47 5.385 16.3 2.9 19.2 79 63 17 1 - - 3,150 200 - - 7,025 5 0 1,67 1,70 (20/26) Dharabi 9.087 9.468 10.75 7.456 8.279 9.311 9.556 9.3 4.0 13.3 67 52 17 6 - - 2,600 1,200 - - 7,175 5 0 Kot 2,47 1,50 12.13 7.994 9.133 9.947 6.840 7.997 7.861 18.0 9.3 8.7 99 65 15 6 - - 3,250 1,200 - - 8,425 Sarang 5 0 Mian 1,30 11.13 6.707 7.588 11 6.361 6.643 3.138 9.2 3.9 13.1 29 10 13 8 1 - 725 500 1,600 400 - 4,525 Talagang Bazar 0 2,30 Mogla 0.457 5.764 6.619 0.290 5.011 5.818 1.726 13.3 3.1 10.2 25 38 23 5 - - 625 1,900 1,000 - - 5,825 0 2,62 1,80 Bilabad 15.73 10.8 12.71 12.88 8.701 10.190 2.987 19.9 1.4 21.3 105 77 18 3 - - 3,850 600 - - 8,875 5 0
Malikwal 1.427 6.060 6.752 1.171 5.252 5.624 6.066 13.3 2.7 16.0 21 12 7 4 - - 525 600 700 800 - - 2,625 DK 1,22 1.053 5.754 6.581 0.926 4.668 5.485 6.025 10.8 7.6 18.4 49 48 8 2 - - 2,400 800 400 - - 4,825 Pathan 5
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Figure 6-9: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of City, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-City
5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00
PowerMW 1.50 1.00 0.50
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 0:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
14:00 16:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 15:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 0:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 200 200 210 0 220 220 0 260 0 240 0 230 P.F 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 Bus Voltage 11.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.1 10.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.6 10.6 MW 3.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.80
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0 260 0 250 0 210 190 200 210 0 220 220 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.94 0.95 0.88 0.90 0.90 0.92 0.92 0.92 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 11.5 11.8 11.6 11.7 11.3 11.0 11.5 11.3 MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.30 0.00 4.08 3.36 3.65 3.70 0.00 4.03 3.96
6-32 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-10: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of JHATLA, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Jhatla
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00 PowerMW 2.00
1.00
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 190 0 210 240 0 180 180 0 340 230 0 0 P.F 0.85 0.00 0.86 0.90 0.00 0.99 0.98 0.00 0.98 0.90 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.0 11.4 11.0 11.0 11.0 0.0 0.0 MW 3.22 0.00 3.60 4.30 0.00 3.40 3.48 0.00 6.35 3.94 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 230 0 0 320 290 290 250 0 290 240 0 200 P.F 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.00 0.90 0.88 0.00 0.85 Bus Voltage 10.6 11.5 0.0 11.1 11.4 11.5 11.3 0.0 10.7 10.6 11.5 11.5 MW 3.67 0.00 0.00 5.23 4.92 5.03 4.21 0.00 4.84 3.88 0.00 3.39
6-33 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-11: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of DHARABI, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Dharabi
5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 PowerMW 1.50 1.00 0.50
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 18:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load managment / load shedding measures , sequenttialy load becomes zero
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 0.0 0.0 0.0 140.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 200.0 180.0 0.0 0.0 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 10.8 0.0 0.0 MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.74 3.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.91 3.52 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0.0 190.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 240.0 190.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 140.0 P.F 0.00 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 Bus Voltage 0.0 10.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.4 10.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 MW 0.00 3.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.69 3.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.74
6-34 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-12: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of KOT SARANG, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Kot Sarang 6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
PowerMW 2.00
1.00
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
23:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 180 0 170 0 0 220 0 0 0 320 240 210 P.F 0.85 0.00 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.85 0.86 Bus Voltage 10.8 11.5 11.2 0.0 0.0 10.5 11.0 0.0 0.0 11.2 11.4 11.4 MW 2.86 0.00 2.97 0.00 0.00 3.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.28 4.03 3.57
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0 0 220 230 210 0 210 190 180 180 160 160 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.00 0.86 0.89 0.86 0.86 0.84 0.84 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 10.6 11.3 11.4 0.0 11.1 11.4 11.2 11.1 11.2 11.0 MW 0.00 0.00 3.43 3.87 3.52 0.00 3.47 3.34 3.00 2.98 2.61 2.56
6-35 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-13: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of MAIN BAZAR, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Main Bazar 5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50
2.00 PowerMW 1.50 1.00 0.50
0.00
8:00 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 9:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 180 0 0 160 160 160 160 0 0 0 220 220 P.F 0.93 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.93 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.92 Bus Voltage 11.0 0.0 0.0 10.5 10.6 11.0 11.0 10.6 0.0 0.0 11.0 11.4 MW 3.19 0.00 0.00 2.62 2.64 2.84 2.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.86 4.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 200 0 0 0 250 200 170 0 0 210 190 180 P.F 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.93 0.93 Bus Voltage 10.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.3 11.3 10.8 10.9 0.0 10.3 10.3 11.4 MW 3.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.50 3.60 2.93 0.00 0.00 3.48 3.15 3.31
6-36 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-14: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of MOGLA, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Mogla
4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00
PowerMW 1.50 1.00 0.50
0.00
7:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
16:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 load 0 0 0 90 120 0 0 0 140 130 0 0 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.98 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 10.8 0.0 0.0 MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.70 2.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.51 2.38 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 load 0 120 120 0 0 0 0 200 0 0 0 90 P.F 0.00 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.96 Bus Voltage 0.0 10.8 10.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.4 10.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 MW 0.00 2.22 2.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.62
6-37 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-15: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of BILALABAD, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 13Kv Load Profile-Bilalabad
7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00 PowerMW 2.00
1.00
0.00
5:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
13:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00
Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management /
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 200 210 0 220 260 280 0 310 300 250 0 240 P.F 0.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.93 0.91 0.00 Bus Voltage 11.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 10.8 10.8 11.5 11.4 0.0 MW 3.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.39 5.16 4.63 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 240 240 0 270 320 300 0 310 300 280 0 240 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.92 0.92 0.94 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 11.5 11.5 11.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.26 0.00 5.80 5.57 0.00 0.00 0.00
6-38 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-16: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of MALIKWAL, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Malikwal
3.50
3.00
2.50
2.00
1.50 PpowerMW 1.00
0.50
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 0 0 130 130 0 0 0 180 130 0 0 0 P.F 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.90 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 11.3 11.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.5 10.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 MW 0.00 0.00 2.29 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.23 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0 130 130 0 0 0 120 110 120 100 0 0 P.F 0.00 0.65 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.00 0.00 Bus Voltage 0.0 10.6 10.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 10.0 11.5 10.8 0.0 0.0 MW 0.00 1.55 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35 1.20 1.53 1.22 0.00 0.00
6-39 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-17: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of DHOK PATHAN, TALAGANG
TALAGANG 132 Kv Load Profile-Dk-Pathan
2.50
2.00
1.50
1.00 PowerMW
0.50
0.00
3:00 5:00 1:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 0 0 0 120 140 0 0 0 0 80 0 0 P.F 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.73 0.73 0.76 0.76 0.76 0.80 Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.8 10.8 11.0 11.5 11.4 10.2
MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.21 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0 0 0 0 180 120 130 0 0 0 90 0
P.F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.76 0.78 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bus Voltage 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 11.5 11.5 11.4 0.0 0.0 0.0
MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.99 1.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6-40 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-18: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of CWO, TALAGANG
Pinanwal 132 Kv Load Profile-C.W.O
0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40
0.30 PowerMW 0.20 0.10
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
15:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 20 20 20 20 20 0 15 15 0 30 0 15 P.F 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.00 0.99 Bus Voltage 10.6 7.0 7.0 7.0 10.9 11.5 11.5 11.7 11.6 11.6 11.7 10.4 MW 0.36 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.37 0.00 0.29 0.29 0.00 0.59 0.00 0.27
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 0 25 0 25 0 15 10 10 15 0 25 0 P.F 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.00 0.98 0.94 0.98 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 Bus Voltage 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.4 11.4 10.5 11.0 11.0 11.4 11.2 MW 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.49 0.00 0.29 0.19 0.18 0.28 0.00 0.49 0.00
6-41 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-19: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of Major Riaz, PINANWAL
Pinanwal 132 Kv Load Profile-Maj.Riaz 6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00 PowerMW 2.00
1.00
0.00
9:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 0:00
20:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 0 200 0 200 200 200 0 230 240 0 270 0 P.F 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 Bus Voltage 11.0 11.2 11.2 11.4 11.0 10.6 11.1 11.1 11.5 10.5 11.5 10.8 MW 0.00 3.61 0.00 3.67 3.54 3.41 0.00 4.11 4.45 0.00 5.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 280 0 300 0 330 0 280 0 270 0 230 0 P.F 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 Bus Voltage 11.6 11.0 11.5 10.8 10.6 10.7 11.5 11.5 11.4 11.0 11.5 11.4 MW 5.23 0.00 5.56 0.00 5.63 0.00 5.19 0.00 4.96 0.00 4.26 0.00
6-42 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-20: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of Rawal, PINANWAL
Pinanwal 132 Kv Load Profile-Rawal
5.00 4.50 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50
2.00 PowerMW 1.50 1.00 0.50
0.00
3:00 1:00 2:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time
Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 200 0 220 220 0 220 210 0 230 230 0 0 P.F 0.93 0.00 0.93 0.93 0.00 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.00 Bus Voltage 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.3 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.0 11.0 11.0 MW 3.67 0.00 4.04 4.04 0.00 4.00 3.82 0.00 4.11 4.08 0.00 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 260 0 250 250 0 250 210 160 230 220 230 0 P.F 0.92 0.00 0.92 0.92 0.00 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.00 0.92 Bus Voltage 11.1 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.5 11.3 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.0 11.1 MW 4.60 0.00 4.50 4.50 0.00 4.50 3.68 2.80 4.07 3.89 0.00 0.00
6-43 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Figure 6-21: Typical Daily Peak Load Curve of SAGAR PUR, PINANWAL Pinanwal 132 Kv Load Profile-S.Pur 7.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00 PowerMW 2.00
1.00
0.00
1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 0:00
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 Time Note: Non-appearance of bars during the hours in 24 hours a day indicates scheduled load management / load shedding measures , sequentially load becomes zero for a specific time span
Time 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Load 240 240 0 240 240 0 230 160 0 280 260 0 P.F 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.00 Bus Voltage 11.0 11.0 11.1 11.4 11.2 11.2 11.0 11.2 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 MW 3.93 3.93 0.00 4.08 0.00 0.00 3.77 2.67 0.00 4.59 4.26 0.00
Time 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 Load 250 240 0 280 250 0 280 380 0 0 240 230 P.F 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.00 0.86 0.86 0.86 Bus Voltage 11.0 11.0 11.5 11.0 11.5 11.5 11.3 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 MW 4.10 3.93 0.00 4.59 4.28 0.00 4.71 6.23 0.00 0.00 3.93 3.77
6-44 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan
Table 6-14: Bio-Data of Consumers- TALAGANG Area Load in KW Electricity bill per Name of consumer & Annum Tariff Applied Coordinates Location Sanction Load As per site verification Oct 2014- Sept 2015 ( In PKR) Amir Mehmood Malik N 32°53'15.5" 16 14.9 D2(I)TOD 74,601 s/o Bashir Ahmed E 072°23'25.0" Gul Khan s/o Haider N 32°56'28.4" 17 15 D2(I)TOD 37,790 Khan E 072°21'20.8" Haji Wali s/o Jawan N 32°55'49.35" 4.00 3.73 D(2)-I 28,241 Khan E 072°21'6.07" Mehboob Jalani S/O N 32°56'41.39" 4 11.5 D(2)-I 79,102 Fateh Sher E 072°21'29.38" Table 6-15: Bio Data of Consumers – PIND DADAN KHAN Area Load in KW Electricity bill per Annum Name of consumer & As per site Tariff Applied Oct 2014- Sept 2015 ( In Coordinates Location Sanction Load verification PKR) N 32° 39' 40.0'' Abdullah Khan 6 7.6 D2(I)TOD 34,116 E 073° 18' 21.30'' N 32° 36' 46.2'' Chairman CBO 10 8.5 D-1(TOD) 150,545 E 073° 13' 18.20'' Chairman User Not In working N 32° 37' 03.5'' 15 D-1(TOD) 8,517 Committee Condition E 073° 13' 14.70'' Chairman Water Supply N 32° 37' 11.8'' 13 11.1 D-1(TOD) 102,436 Scheme E 073° 13' 14.90'' N 32° 39' 32.7'' Khizar Hayat 6 6.9 D2(I)TOD 61,030 E 073° 17' 54.0'' N 32° 39' 32.5'' Mohammad Ashraf 4 10.5 D2(I)TOD 48,194 E 073° 17' 52.0'' N 32° 37' 11.8'' Raja Aamir Nawaz 15.52 13.5 D2(I)TOD 144,930 E 073° 13' 13.9'' N 32° 39' 10.7'' Raja Mehmood Akhtar 6 6.6 D2(I)TOD 97,131 E 073° 18' 16.1'' N 32° 39' 23.9' Raja Muhammad Anwar 10 7.7 D2(I)TOD 28,668 E 073° 17' 37.0''
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Economic Growth & Development Plans in Remote Area Punjab province is the largest one of country and is having visible potential both in agri and industrial fields. The infrastructure is strong as compared to other provinces, it is thickly populated, and approach roads to big cities are well defined. Fundamental facilities likewise basic health units, educational institutions, clean drinking water, mobile communication network, and transport, primary, middle and secondary high schools are even available in rural/remote areas. Still government of Punjab is keen to look after to further improve the infrastructure in rural areas and has planned to spend billions of rupees for approach roads and clean drinking water etc. The process of local elections has recently been accomplished to elect local representatives on grass root level. These representatives are in a better position to plan public facilitations through schemes and completion thereafter meaningfully. Plan for economic development is made at Federal as well as Provincial level. The plan at Provincial level is developed by taking in to account the development priorities of the provincial government. At present agri sector is on the priority list of the Government of the Punjab. Accordingly fruits of economic growth at provincial level will have to reach every district of the province. As far as specific planning of the individual districts and localized area is concerned, this can be done by local representative for whom elections had been held recently. It will take some to the elected representatives to come with development of their area of jurisdiction. However, it is safe to conclude that there will be substantial development at least at district level. Least Cost Analysis Power supply of those remote areas can be improved by adopting following measures: By installing backup generators By refurbishment of the system by implementing Energy Loss Reduction program and By installing renewable energy like solar system The above are discussed in the subsequent sections of the report. Backup Generator Cost Backup generator could be provided to individual agri pumps owners as provision of generators to a cluster of farmers/pumps may not be advisable as there could be ownership issues leading to maintenance and operations problem. Accordingly backup Generator cost estimates of Petrol / Gas generators having capacity of 10, 12 and 15 KW are provided as under by taking latest costs of Generators and monthly operating & maintenance cost (four (4) hours running
6-46 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan per day) being less than 20 KW, (as 20 KW & above generators are diesel operated) can be operated/ driven on petrol or gas. The cost of 10 KW, 12 KW & 15 KW generating units is given in Table 6-16
Table 6-16: The Cost of 10 KW, 12 KW & 15 KW Generating Units Capacity with cost in PKR Description 10 KW 12 KW 15 KW 1. Fuji/Siemens/cammins Denial generating set ( Dual Petrol/Gas) including generator 600,000/- 750,000/- 900,000/- room, foundations, battery, cables, changeover etc., 2. Monthly operating & maintenance cost a Consumption of Petrol ( Ltr/hr) 3.5 4.0 5 Monthly consumption by taking into b 420 480 600 account 4 hrs per day c Monthly cost of petrol @ PKR 77/- per Ltrs 32,340 36,960 46,200 d Monthly consumption of mobile oil (Ltrs) 06 06 06 e Cost of mobile oil @ PKR 282/- per Ltr 1,700 1,700 1,700 f Cost of fuel/oil/air filter ( L/s) 2,500 3,000 3,000 Cost of monthly maintenance ( labor g 3,000 3,000 3,000 charges) L/s Subtotal ( 2c, d(i) e and f) 39,530 44,650 53,890 Grand Total (1 + 2g) 639,530 794650 953890 Approx. 640,000 795,000 954,000 Estimation of Supplying Solar Installation Brief on Solar Energy: Solar Power Tube well Projects for Irrigation in Pakistan In the prevailing situation of Energy shortage in Pakistan, deliberate power blackout and high rate of electricity billing in frequent load shedding, has become hardly affordable from Households to National Exchequer and from Small Business to Heavy Industry. Whereas imperfect employments of skilled work force even the Engineers, in economic fields, is one of disguised reasons of losing the economic development. Approx.4.1 M jobs and employment opportunities have been lost since 2008 due to Power shortfall which usually remains between 4000 to 6000 Mw per day. In the existing aggravated energy situation in Pakistan, working in anyway, forth is economic sector; nationally has become an imperative upon every patriot. The Business Recorder of July 23, 2013 quoted the PM, Nawaz Sharif saying that the Energy is a National issue and everybody must contribute to make the Government energy policy, a real success. It has therefore become important to think over as to how the Energy crisis is coped with. The present Government since responding to the issue more seriously has come up with Energy policy approved by the Committee of Common Interest (CCI) since 01.08.2013. Figure 6-22 shows a Solar Energy system
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Figure 6-22: Solar Energy Systems Development
Solar energy has been a source of power for civilizations. The world at the latest has engineered scientific applications to harness this vast ocean of solar energy, may be called the “Celebration of Abundance”. The Solar energy setups in Pakistan are committed to relieve the consumers from electricity load shadings, high cost electricity billing, fuel run Generators and frequent maintenance of supply systems. The consumers have already been supplied with AC Equipment, Solar Grid Hybrid Solutions are proposed both for the residential and commercial premises with inverter for converting DC output to existing AC equipment. The solar energy generated is stored in batteries of varied power. The System has the ability to store and transmit power generated from the solar photovoltaic cells. These micro level operations can substitute or augment economic power resource to deliver uninterrupted supplies in urban household commercial and industrial society. Likewise the developed projects to convert irrigation tube wells and waterworks to solar power will eliminate hour’s long frequent power failures in agriculture rural sectors where the cultivator can build sufficient water reservoirs right during broad day light.
Social & Economic Benefits By adopting a solar powered pumping irrigation system, a Tube well unit can avail provision of 14,600 K watts of electricity annually in its 25 years of life time i.e. the ROI of 15.6 % per annum. Green and pollution free solar pumping technologies can save energy and reduce
6-48 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan greenhouse gases emission. The system can save standard coal up to 137.2 Tons, reduce omission of CO² 60.4 Tons, SO² 2.75 Tons, Smoke 2.06 Tons and Lime ash 85.7 Tons. Whereas the solar power applications replace the traditional power systems; Diesel etc. power generation and other traditional irrigation models. Then the Government will save the cost of power grid construction, farmers do not pay the electricity bills, do not run to procure diesel and do not need to maintain the solar system at an externally payable high cost. In the national Budget 2015-16, the Federal Government has provided PKR 600 Bln to enhance Growth and Development in the Agriculture sector. In the same row, any markup on solar power pumps installations shall also be afforded by the national exchequer. In this way, Government is all out to support farmers to enhance agricultural production, efficiency and reduction of financial burden on farmers so as to improve the local farmers’ life. We can say that the Solar Power Tube wells for irrigation Project s are going to be rigorously promo ted in private and public sectors in Pakistan. Introduction of Solar Pumping Systems: The sustainable solar power gives the pumping system lots of advantages: work at Sunrise and stop at the sunset guard free, fossil energy free and city grid free. The system works independently and provides a safe and reliable performance. The solar pumping system can work with the drip irrigation, sprinkling irrigation, infiltrating irrigation systems to solve the farmland irrigation problem. This can help improve the output of the farmland and save the water and energy which means less cost of the traditional fuel and electric power. Therefore this is the most effective way the use the clean energy instead of fossil fuel. The new application which fits the national “resource saving, environment friendly, low-carbon and energy saving” development strategy is the solution of global food and energy issue. Figure 6-23 shows the basics of solar energy system
Figure 6-23: Basic System of Solar Energy Systems
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Pump: Any three -phase pump is suitable for solar AC pumping system, pump powered by solar cell arrays draws water from the deep wells or rivers and lakes and pours into the storage tank or reservoir, or directly connects the irrigation system, fountain system, etc. According to the actual system demand and installation condition, different types of pumps such as centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, mixed flow pump or deep well pump can be used. Figure 6-24 solar water pump working schematic diagram
Figure 6-24: Solar Water Pump Working Schematic Diagram
Solar pumps, solar panels inverter/Controller and their calculation are given in the Table 6-17.
Table 6-17: Solar Power Water Pumps Prices Calculator
Sr # Water Water level 20ft Water level 30ft Water level 40ft Water level 50ft pump to 30 ft to 40ft to 50ft to 60ft output 1 2 inch 3hp 5.5hp 7.5hp 7.5hp 2 3 inch 5.5hp 7.5hp 10hp 10hp 3 4 inch 7.5hp 10hp 15hp - 4 5 inch 10hp 15hp - - 5 6 inch 15hp - - - Solar Water Pump Solar Panels Calculation Sr # Water Water level 20ft Water level 30ft Water level 40ft Water level 50 ft pump to 30 ft to 40 ft to 50ft to 60 ft output 1 2 inch 5Kw to 5.5Kw 7Kw to 7.5 Kw 9Kw to 9.5Kw 10Kw to 10.5Kw 2 3 inch 7Kw to 7.5Kw 9Kw to 9.5Kw 11Kw to 11.5Kw 12Kw to 12.5Kw 3 4 inch 9Kw to 9.5 Kw 11Kw to 11.5Kw 13Kw to 13.5Kw
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4 5 inch 11Kw to 11.5Kw 13Kw to 13.5 - - Kw 5 6 inch 13Kw to 13.5Kw - - - Solar Water Pump Inverter/Controller Calculation Sr # Water Water level 20ft Water level 30ft Water level 40ft Water level 50ft pump to 30 ft to 40 ft to 50 ft to 60 ft output 1 2 inch 5.5hp 7.5hp 10hp 10hp 2 3 inch 7.5hp 10hp 15hp 15hp 3 4 inch 10hp 15hp 20hp - 4 5 inch 15hp 20hp - - 5 6 inch 20hp - - - Solar Water Pump Price List Effective From 1st July 2015 (PKR) Sr # Water Water level 20ft Water level 30 Water level 40ft Water level 50ft pump to 30 ft ft to 40 ft to 50 ft to 60ft output 1 2 inch 575,000 775,000 775,000 975,000 2 3 inch 775,000 875,000 875,000 1,175,000 3 4 inch 875,000 1,275,000 1,275,000 - 4 5 inch 1,275,000 1,475,000 - - 5 6 inch 1,475,000 - - - Rehabilitation of Distribution System Objectives of the Distribution Rehabilitation Project is to reduce system technical losses, resulting from power losses in the distribution conductors and equipment including losses due to additional current flowing in the system on account of poor power factor of customer loads. The reduction in these losses will release additional power to the distribution system. Simultaneously the different rehabilitation measures will contribute in improving the distribution system supply voltage, continuity of supply, system stability, reliability and safety, which are the mandatory responsibilities of the power utility. Methods/Tools of Distribution Rehabilitation (Hierarchy) Rehabilitation/Augmentation of HT Distribution Network Shifting of load from heavily loaded feeders to the adjoining lightly loaded feeders in the vicinity. Installation of HT Shunt Capacitors Re-conduct ring i.e. replacement of existing conductor with higher capacity conductor Bifurcation of feeder i.e. addition of new feeder, to shift some of the load of existing feeder Addition of new feeders Distribution Rehabilitation Measures: Different distribution system rehabilitation measures are briefly discussed in the following sub sections. Area Planning of 11 KV Network without Addition of New feeders
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a) In this case, heavily loaded feeders are selected and their load can be shifted to nearby lightly loaded feeders to balance the load amongst them. b) In some cases, due to overloading of Grid Station, are planning of feeders is exercised for shifting of load from one grid station to another grid station by making links between the grids. This will not only provide relief to the gird station equipment but also will accommodate the future expected load growth. Area Planning may or may not involve new feeders. Installation of Shunt Capacitor: Installation of Capacitors on HT Lines results in Primary loss reduction in HT lines and improvement in the voltage drop conditions. Losses in distribution transformers, LT Lines and service cables are also reduced marginally. This is the most economical method for system rehabilitation and improvement. Reconductoring: Studies of different conductor sizes have indicated that in many cases, it is more economical to use conductors of higher cross sectional area. Replacement of existing line conductors by bigger sized conductors will result in reduction of technical losses in direct proportion to the ratio between the resistance of the new and existing conductor. The cost of re-conductoring must be compared with the savings due to reduction in losses, increase in revenues, and release of distribution system capacity. Evaluation of re-conductoring must also take into account the improvement of power factor, voltage regulation and increase in demand over the life of the conductor. Bifurcation of 11 KV Feeders: In this case, over loaded or lengthy feeders are selected. Only one feeder is selected for bifurcation and a new feeder is essentially involved in this case. The introduction of new HT line/feeders can result in improvement of quality of supply and reduction in losses. Installation of 11 KV Sectionalizes: In order to isolate the faulty portions of feeders under fault conditions proper sectionalization of 11 KV network should be carried out to minimize the number of customers affected. Cost Comparison for Various Alternatives. The 11 KV feeders emanating from 132 KV Talagang and Pinanwal grid stations are almost loaded ranging 250 to 350 Amps. By taking into account 5% per annum load growth, the loading status would range 320 to 450 Amps after 5 years and for next 5 years this would be 410 to 575 Amps. Therefore to meet with the demand of next 10 years, the Loss Reduction method and for system stability & reliability, neither installation of 11 KV capacitors nor re-conductoring will serve the purpose. The remedy left behind would lie in construction of new 11 KV lines
6-52 June 2016 VOL 1 0F 3FRT16-V05-WBDG.DOCX Demand For Distributed Renewable Energy Generation In Pakistan with ACSR Dog conductor having current capacity of 320 Amps. This is essential to cater future load demand as determined on the basis of current maximum recorder load on the feeders. These feeders are very lengthy being rural one and facing high technical loss due to this reason and secondly undersize conductor. The installed capacity of both the grid stations is 39 MVA, and projected loading of both grids in the year 2023-2024 as per IESCO’s Demand Forecast (2014- 2024) would be 73.3 MW for 132 KV Talagang Grid Station and 26.9 MW for Pinanwal Grid Station. Keeping in view the elaborations above huge expenditure is anticipated to cater for future load demand particularly in Talagang area including energy loss reduction both on outgoing feeders emanating and feeding areas from Talagang as well as Pinanwal grid stations besides augmentation of power T/F at Talagang Grid Station by replacing its one 10/13 MVA T/F with 31/40 MVA to meet with load demand for next 5 years an eventual solution to curb the loading beyond 100% and to avoid extra load shedding beyond scheduled one (if prolonged) and customer unrest significantly. Expenses for construction of new lines with ACSR Dog Conductor to minimize loading and subsequently technical losses on existing 11 KV feeders having major length with ACSR Rabbit Conductor: Tables 6-18 & 6-19 shows the estimated cost of 11 Kv feeders at Pinanwal and Talagang gridstations respectively
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Table 6-18: 11 Kv Feeders- Pinanwal Gird Station a. Construction of new line with ACSR Dog for bifurcation of 11 60 Km KV feeders emanating from Pinanwal Grid Station b. Estimated cost @ PKR 0.75 million per Km with ACSR Dog PKR 45 Million
Table 6-19: 11 Kv Feeders- Talagang Gird Station
a. Construction of new line with ACSR Dog for bifurcation of 11 120 Km KV feeders emanating from Talagang Grid Station b. Estimated cost @ PKR 0.75 million per Km with ACSR Dog PKR 90 Million Cost of 31.5/40 MVA Transformer including = PKR 42 Million Transportation charges, incoming panels and dismantling charges for 10/13 MVA Power transformer
Data collected from the IESCO indicated that total number of Agri consumers on all outgoing 11 KV feeders emanating from 132 KV Talagang and Pinanwal grid stations are 151 and 96 respectively. As per inspection of sites of Agri consumers, it is learnt that installed capacity of motors in Talagang and Pinanwal areas are ranging from 10-20 hp in Talagang and from 7.5-20 hp in Pinanwal respectively (site specific inputs refer). As evident from elaborations above, huge expenses are likely to be incurred to meet with growing demand and to restrict resultant load shedding on outgoing feeders in case no treatment under ELR methods is applied including Augmentation of Power Transformers, the consumer will suffer a lot in shape of: a) Un-stable power supply. b) Abnormal increased power outages and c) Long duration scheduled load shedding as well as forced one with an ultimate reduction in productions and earning eventually put bad impact on their livings and social environments. The best solution to address the issue would be renewable power generation for supply of power preferably solar to settle down an' efficient, affordable and environmentally sustainable system as wind as another option can be applied in coastal areas exclusively. Economic studies in depth for augmenting power supply through local solar generation stands highlighted in the report. Accordingly the expenses to be incurred for application of various options as already discussed above are shown in Tables 6-20, 6-21, 6-22 and 6-23.
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Table 6-20: Cost Affective Solar Water Pump Inverter/Controller Calculation Sr Water pump Water level 20 Water level 30 Water level 40 Water level 50 to # output to 30 to 40 to 50 60 1 2 inch 5.5hp 7.5hp 10hp 10hp 2 3 inch 7.5hp 10hp 15hp 15hp 3 4 inch 10hp 15hp 20hp 4 5 inch 15hp 20hp 5 6 inch 20hp Solar Water Pump Price List Effective From 1st July 2015 (PKR) Sr Water pump Water level 20 Water level 30 Water level 40 Water level 50 to # output to 30 to 40 to 50 60 1 2 inch 575,000 775,000 775,000 975,000 2 3 inch 775,000 875,000 875,000 1,175,000 3 4 inch 875,000 1,275,000 1,275,000 4 5 inch 1,275,000 1,475,000 5 6 inch 1,475,000
Table 6-21: Present scenario (Source through Grid Supply) Electricity bill per annum by taking into account the maximum figure PKR 150,545/- O & M charges per annum approximately PKR 50,000/- Total payable per annum PKR 200,545/- Based on per annum expenses for electricity dues and O & M the total PKR expenses for 10 years including 3 % escalation per annum on tariff and 2,869,494/- O & M.
Table 6-22: Alternative-Energy Generation through solar PV Panel Cost of PV Panel for 5” Water Discharge, 20 HP motor and water level 40- PKR 1,475,000/- 50 feet Cost of backup generator (15KW) PKR 954,000/- Total PKR 2,429,000/-
Table 6-23: The Cost of 10 KW, 12 KW & 15 KW Generating Units Capacity with cost in PKR Description 10 KW 12 KW 15 KW Grand Total (1 + 2g) 639,532 794,652 953,892 Approx. 640,000 795,000 954,000
In View of Above Economic Analysis, Alternative Energy Resource through PV Solar Panel is Economical by taking into Account Economic Studies for the Period of 10 Years. Preliminary Siting Solar power system can either be installed on individual pumping stations or a cluster of pumps can be selected with appropriate distances between pumps and a small size solar park can be installed. As far as space is concerned, there is ample space for such installations. Maps in this regard are provided with coordinates at Annexure-XVI; VOL 2 of 3 and photographs of visited sites are attached in Annexure-XVII;VOL 2 of 3. However a detailed technical study is required.
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CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION Overall conclusion and recommendations based on the data collected and analysis are provided in the subsequent sections. Conclusion From the above analysis and study of data collected, following is concluded: K-Electric The KWSB is one of the biggest consumer in the K-Electric system. There are heavy accounts receivables against them. There is substantial impact on accounts receivables of K-Electric and due to its high power demand it has some impact on load shedding as well. KW&WB could be a good candidate for distributed renewable energy generation. Enough space is available at most of the facilities visited except Hub pumping station. All major pumping stations of KWSB are situated on the wind-corridor and provision of wind power plants or a hybrid of solar and wind could also be examined. A project of distributed electricity generation can provide relief to KWSB in payment of electricity bills and simultaneously will provide some relief to the utility as their receivables position will improve Power saved from KWSB could be supplied to other industrial consumers which will benefit the economy at large. To implement such venture a comprehensive technical and financial feasibility study will have to be conducted. Another option could be that a suitable size of wind farm could be established and power wheeling could be done with K-Electric for which a mechanism is available under the policy There is some potential of biomass power plant in Karachi especially at the Gharo pumping stations as in the vicinity there are a number of cattle farms and its dungs could be used for power generation. As far as public buildings and hospitals are concerned, only twenty large buildings and five hospitals are studied in detail. Total demand of all buildings and hospitals that were surveyed is about 39 MW, which appears to be low. However cumulative demand for all public buildings and hospitals that spreads in hundreds will be much higher and thus are good candidate for distributed power generation. This will not only provide much needed relief to existing overloaded, old and depleted distributed system of Karachi but will also improve utility’s cash flow situation.
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As distributed renewable generation is concerned, space is available on roof tops and parking areas for installation of solar system. Since such buildings are scattered at various places therefore small solar park may not be advisable. However a small solar park could be developed and wheeling system could be applied with K-Electric. This could be done by an ESCO otherwise it will not be manageable. It will be very beneficial for both buildings and K-Electric if buildings install solar as an alternate energy source. Almost the same situation comes out with studied public buildings, hospitals and universities. LESCO Lahore Electricity Supply Company (LESCO) is one of the largest electricity distribution and Management Company in Pakistan. Total demand of all Universities, hospitals and public buildings that were surveyed is about 30 MW, which appears to be low. The contribution of the all three consumer category to the peak period of LESCO supply system spread over the period 2011-2014 is very little/negligible, varying in the following ranges; o Universities: 0.67% (Max) to 0.22% (Min). o Hospitals: 0.18% (Max) to 0.07% (Min). o Public Buildings: 0.37% (Max) to 0.07% (Min). There are negligible receivable against all three consumer in overall receivable of LESCO. Average percentage of possible solar contribution for all three consumer category are as follow; o Universities: 78%. o Hospitals : 49% o Public Buildings : 137% As distributed renewable generation is concerned, space is available on roof tops and parking areas for installation of solar system. Since such buildings are scattered at various places therefore small solar park may not be advisable. It will be very beneficial for both buildings and LESCO if buildings install solar as an alternate energy source and surplus could be sold to LESCO. End of Grid Tail end grids are normally located in remote areas where electricity is primarily used for lighting and where tube wells are installed, it is used for water pumping mostly for agriculture purpose. Renewable energy like Solar can be used either like stand alone for household or a cluster of
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population could be selected and small solar park could be developed. For this purpose a targeted in depth study is required. Looking the objective of the project, potential of distributed energy generation on little bigger canvas, it has much more manageable potential in bigger cities like Jehlum, Chakwall where there are more commercial activities. Distributed energy generation can be provided to flour mills, rice husk mills, and cotton ginning factories etc. The economic analysis carried out reveals options for improvement/ facilitation either by adopting ELR various methods OR by switching over power supply from central generation to alternative renewable generation and finally concluded as under: By applying ELR methods either bifurcation, reconductoring with bigger size or installation of shunt capacitors (fixed one), heavy, expenses would be involved except the most economical one i.e. capacitors (short terms solution), however as a long term solution, the rest of options are essentials and can’t be ignored. Similarly by converting power supply for one or group of agri consumers, the net relief against loading would not be having any remarkable impact. The visible impact can however be accrued in case 100% agri consumers are switched over to alternative energy source i.e. solar. A comparison of various modes are as under: Total cost involved for smooth running of existing network by adopting ELR Methods and augmentation of power transformer for period of next 10 years – very expensive indeed. By Adopting Alternative Energy Source the consumer has to make one time investment of Rs 2.43 million for installation of 20 hp (Water level 40-50 ft. with 5 inch water pump output) motors including backup generator and thereafter they don’t need to pay anything for next ten years whereas they continue to pay electricity bill to the amount of Rs 2.87 Million in ten years’ time frame. By adopting solar system the will get following additional benefits: Consumers facilitation on long term basis Financial health of beneficiaries would improve manifold Reduction in O&M expenses being borne by consumers in current scenario Set out class precedence for other category consumers to go after alternative energy source Daily 5-10 hours of un-interrupted power operations Suitable for remote water shed and rain fed areas Long working life
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Small pay back periods, particularly if high value crops are grown Socio economic uplift In view of foregoing analysis it concluded that distributed power generation is highly beneficial for utilities, consumers’ and economy at large. Such an intervention will be more useful/ beneficial in Balochistan where pumping load dominates all other loads. Recommendations In order to implement the distributed power generation following pre-requisites are recommended: i. Selecting an area for in-depth study of potential, evaluation of various sources of alternative energy available in that particular area; economic, financial and social benefits etc. ii. Management and regulatory issues are to be studied in detail. iii. Implementing agency to identified
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