Consortium of Social Science Associations ( ©COSSA 11ir111r1Imr f'PDJ7'B Volume XVII Number 20 November 9 1998 A STATUS QUO ELECTION THAT DEFIED Senators running for re-election retained their seats. HISTORY /-/5 Other new Senators include: former House members Blanche Lincoln (D-AR), who replaces Dale For the Democrats the 1998 mid-term elections Bumpers, and Michael Crapo, (R-ID) who replaces defied history. For first time since 1934 the party Dirk Kempthorne who went home and got elected that held the Presidency did not lose House seats in Governor. an election in the sixth year of a presidential term. By picking up five seats in the House and retaining Leadership Changes for the 1ostti Congress their numbers in the Senate, the Democrats also surpassed expectations from political prognosticators In the Senate, Senator (R-MS) and who predicted small to modest Republican gains in Senator Don Nickles (R-OK) will return to lead their the House and a one to five GOP seat pickup in the party. Newly re-elected Senator Tom Daschle (D­ Senate. SD) will return as leader of the Democrats. With the retirement of Senator Ford, the number two slot in And yet, viewed from another perspective, the the Senate Democratic leadership opens up. 1998 election did not change much at all. In the House, 98.5 percent of the 401 incumbents who were However, this expected change pales against the on the ballot on November 3 won re-election. Only speculation on the future of the Republican six incumbents lost. Only 17 seats changed parties. leadership in the House. Greatly distressed at their In the 106th Congress only 40 members ofthe House disappointing showing, some GOP House members will be new. The lineup is 223 Republicans vs. 211 are pointing fingers of blame at Speaker Newt Democrats and one Independent who usually votes Gingrich (R-GA), as well as Majority Leader Dick with the Dems (As of November 5, one race remains Armey (R-TX) and Majority Whip Tom Delay (R­ undecided. Democrat leads Republican TX). Replacing any or all three could be on some Mary Bordonaro, with many mail-in ballots to be members' agendas, but the question arises "replace counted for the seat vacated by Democrat with whom?" Is House Appropriations Chairman Elizabeth Furse). Bob Livingston (R-LA), who had been campaigning for Speaker under the assumption that Gingrich was Among the 40 new House members is Brian about to run for President, willing to become the Baird (D-WA), a psychology professor with a Ph.D. poster boy for House GOP disaffection? Are there from the University of Wyoming, who won on his others, such as young conservative Representatives second try. Also, Rush Holt (D-NJ) is a research David Mcintosh (R-IN) or Steve Largent (R-OK), physicist, with a Ph.D. from University.

In the Senate, the 55 to 45 Republican advantage Inside UPDATE..• is the same as in the 105th Congress. Three incumbents were defeated: Carol Moseley Braun (D­ •Panel Recommends Focus on Societal IL) by Peter Fitzgerald; Lauch Faircloth (R-NC) by Implications of IT ; and Al D'Amato (R-NY) by Rep. •Political and Economic Impacts of Shifting Charles Schumer (D-NY). Three other open seats American Population •Pork Overwhelms an Agency changed parties: Evan Bayh (D-IN) replaces Dan •Appropriations Chart for FY 1999 Coats; George Voinovich (R-OH) replaces John •Sources of Research Support Glenn; and Rep. Jim Bunning (R-KY) moves up to replace Wendell Ford. Ninety percent of incumbent 2 COSSA WASHINGTON UPDATE November 9 1998 who would be willing to offer themselves. Is this the care reform, social security and Medicare. On time to have another internecine fight among House Appropriations, there are also two openings, one for Republicans? each party. With Faircloth's defeat Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson (R-TX) will likely chair the The Democratic leadership team in the House subcommittee that decides federal funding for the retains Representatives of Missouri as District of Columbia. There will be a new Ranking Minority Leader and David Bonior of as Democrat on the Agriculture and Rural Development Minority Whip. The number three position of Subcommittee to replace Bumpers. Chairman of the Caucus comes open with the retirement of Representative Vic Fazio (D-CA). On the House side, the Appropriations Committee could see nine new members. There are Committee Changes three open Republican seats, including the chairmanship of the Energy and Water Development In the Senate, by agreement, John Warner (R­ Subcommittee, recently led by retired Representative VA) will replace 96 year old as Joseph McDade (R-PA). Representative Harold Chair of the Armed Services Committee. With Rogers (R-KY) is next in line, but he already chairs a D 'Amato' s defeat, the Senate Banking Committee subcommittee, Commerce, Justice, State and the will get a new Chairman, Phil Gramm (R-TX). Judiciary. Since the GOP ascendancy the Speaker Senator Mitch McConnell (R-KY) will take the helm has and the full Appropriations Committee chairman ofthe Rules and Administration Committee replacing have exercised approval of the leaders of these W amer. Three new Ranking Democrats will take funding subcommittees. over: Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut for John Glenn at Government Affairs, Jeff Bingaman of New On the Democratic side of appropriations, there Mexico for the retired Dale Bumpers at Energy and are six openings, including four Ranking slots. The Natural Resources, and Dan Inouye of Hawaii for retirements of Louis Stokes of Ohio, Sid Yates of Ford at Rules and Administration. Illinois, Vic Fazio of California, and Bill Hefuer of , has opened up VA, HUD, There are two coveted openings on Senate Independent Agencies, Interior and Related Agencies Finance, one in each party. This committee's (including NEH), Energy and Water Development, jurisdiction includes taxes, welfare reform, health and Military Construction, respectively. There may be some musical chairs among the senior Democrats on the committee before this is all settled. CONSORTIUM OF SOCIAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATIONS Other significant House committee changes Executive Director: Howard J. Silver involve a new head of the important House Rules Public Affairs: David A. Hess Committee. Representative (R-CA) is Govenunent Affairs: Angela L. Sharpe poised to replace the retired Gerald Solomon of New Administrative Officer: Karen E. Carrion President: Eleanor Maccoby Yode as the chief of the panel that, working with the House leadership, determines how bills are The Consortium of Social Science Associations (COSSA), considered on the House floor. Representative Larry an advocacy organization for federal support for the social Combest (R-TX) replaces retired Bob Smith of and behavioral sciences, was fowided in 1981 and stands Oregon as head of the Agriculture Committee. The alone in Washington in representing the full range of social and behavioral sciences. UPDATE is published 22 Early Childhood, Youth and Families Subcommittee times per year. Individual subscriptions are available from ofthe Education and Workforce Committee will have COSSA for $65; institutional subscriptions, $130, overseas a new chairman. The retirement of Frank Riggs (R­ mail, $130. ISSN 0749-4394. Address all inquiries to CA) may pave the way for Representative Mike COSSA. 1522 K Street. NW, Suite 836, Washington, D.C. Castle (R-DE) to lead the panel as it takes up the 20005. Phone: (202) 842-3525, Fax: (202) 842-2788. http://members.aol.com/socscience/COSSAindcx.htm reauthoriz.ation of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, that will likely include the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI). November 9, 1998 COSSA WASHINGTON UPDATE 3

Representative Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX) is in line "in order to fully realize the benefits of information to replace Schumer as the Ranking Democrat on the technology (IT), it is important to address the social Crime Subcommittee of House Judiciary. and economic issues related to technology adoption Representative Sam Gejdenson (D-cn will replace and diffusion, as well as to ensure that our workforce Lee Hamilton of Indiana as Ranking Democrat on the is properly prepared for the challenges and International Relations Committee. There are four opportunities of the Information Age." openings on Ways and Means, the House committee with the same jurisdiction as Senate Finance, with the The 25 member panel co-chaired by Bill Joy, key Social Security Subcommittee in need of a new Founder and Vice President of Research at Sun leader as Jim BWUling moves to the Senate. Microsystems, and Ken Kennedy, Director of the Center for Research on Parallel Computation and The President's Troubles Professor of Computer Science at Rice University, issued its interim report irt late summer. The The exit polls and the results seem to provide administration has indicated that the committee's evidence that the American electorate does not want major recommendation, that ''total Federal President Clinton impeached. For the Republicans in information technology R&D investment is the House this presents a quandary. The Judiciary inadequate," will be addressed in an initiative in the Committee under its chairman Representative Henry FY 2000 budget to be released early next year. Hyde (R-IL) expects to begin impeachment proceedings and hearings very soon. Will the The report articulates the need to understand the Republicans carry this effort through a committee transformations and potential dislocations affected by vote and a House floor vote? At the moment, it is technology adoption and diffusion. Relying on the quite clear that there are not enough votes to couvict precedent ofthe National Human Genome Research the President in the Senate. Institute, which sets-aside 5 percent of its budget for research llU the Ethical, Legal, and Social 2000 Implications of mapping the genome, PITAC calls for more "solid, empirical data," rather than continued With the Democrats getting closer to retaking the speculation, on IT' s impact as it becomes more House, Gephardt may not be as interested in running pervasive in our economy, society, culture, and for the Presidency, perhaps making Vice President political system. Gore's path to nomination somewhat easier. On the Republican side, the buzz about Texas Governor PITAC believes that IT "can be used as a vehicle George W. Bush grows louder after his smashing re­ to help eliminate social and economic inequities" and election victory. However, returning to history, in "carr[ies] a democratizing potential that has already 1962 another son of a famous American won a transformed our social interactions and economic smashing re-election as Governor of one of the opportunities, both here and abroad." The nation's largest states. His name was Nelson Committee also notes that the use of IT, particularly Rockefeller. He was not nominated. In 1966, the Internet and the growth of global electronic another Republican governor of a large state won a commerce, has introduced a series of important and smashing re-election victory and became the complex policy issues, such as privacy, intellectual frontrunner for the nomination. His name was property rights, the emergence of information 'haves' George Romney. He was not nominated. Stay tuned! and 'have nots,· and the impact of state and national regulation. The report claims that these issues or debates have not been properly informed by research and suggests that "social scientists may be able to PANEL RECOMMENDS FOCUS ON I J< make important contributions to these ongoing SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS OF IT fl;l debates by conducting empirical research ... " Insights from social science research can also contribute to The President's Information Technology the actual design of information systems, according Advisory Committee (PITAC) has recommended that to the panel. 4 COSSA WASHINGTON UPDATE November 9, 1998

Finally, PITAC complains that "many of the POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF barriers to realizing the benefits of IT are not SHIFTING AMERICAN POPULATION j)fl technical, but rather occur when social, political, or legal issues arise as attempts are made to deploy and On October 28, the Population Resource Center adopt the IT and its applications." Social science held a eongressional briefing entitled "Americans on research, the report states, could shed light on these the Move: How Population Shifts Are Changing the barriers and suggest possible solutions. Political and Socioeconomic Landscape." The bnefing featured William Frey, University of The report recommends possible research topics. Michigan professor and Senior Fellow of One is how to mitigate potentially negative socio­ Demographic Studies at the Milken Institute in economic impacts associated with IT deployment. California, and Ronald Walters, University of For example, the panel suggests studies on: social Maryland professor and Senior Scholar at the James interactions; racial, gender, and/or class inequities; McGregor Burns Academy of Leadership. labor; privacy; abridgement of citizen's rights; and ethics in information management and dissemination. Frey noted that throughout the 1990s immigrants have settled primarily in six states (or "gateways"): Social scientists, according to the report, could California, , Illinois, New Jersey, New York, also explore the scope for implementing technical and Texas. This regional concentration, primarily solutions as an alternative to government regulation the result of established kinship networks, is to address issues.raised by global electronic occurring alongside dispersed domestic migration, commerce, including but not limited to intellectual noted Frey. That is, the existing populations are property protection, content regulation, privacy" and fleeing regions to which the immigrant populations security. Whether industry self-regulation can be are concentrating. The juxtaposition ofthe regional effective in solving complex social issues, such as concentration with the dispersed domestic migration consumer privacy, is another issue PITAC thinks could ultimately result in regional-based divisions social scientists should investigate. that replace "past demographic divisions: rural versus urban, city versus suburb, snow belt versus Other topics noted are: developing measures to sun belt." capture impacts on productivity; determining the effect of electronic commerce on U.S. eeonomic Frey based his idea of regional-based divisions strength and competitiveness; and investigating the on demographic data gleaned from U.S. Census impact of the information economy on societal Bureau estimates. He noted that from 1990-1997, institutions, such as education, health care, and the metropolitan areas with the greatest gains in government. immigrant populations also experienced the greatest losses to net domestic migration. As one example, As a follow-up to some of these between 1990-1997 the New York metropolitan area recommendations, a summit on the social gained 1,045,347 immigrants while it lost 1,551 ,591 implications of advanced networking will take place to d~mestic migration. in Austin, Texas in March 1999. For more information contact: Greg Wood at Internet 2, Despite the immigrant concentration and the 202/872-9119 or [email protected]. In domestic migrant dispersion, Frey stated that the addition, the COSSA Congressional Seminar, demographic data also indicate the "reconsolidation Information Technology and Social Change of African-Americans to the South." Additionally, explored many ofthese issues. An edited transcript Frey noted that ifone projects the current is available. Contad COSSA at 202/842-3525 or immigration and domestic migration patterns through [email protected]. 2025, "12 states will have populations that are less than 60% white; 12 states will have white population ~ that will exceed 85%, and 25 states will have white populations that make up at least three-quarters of their total." The new regional divide will not result in budget for many years was in the $15-17 million hardening of relations between the different racial and range. In the mid-l 990s Congress told it to fund ethnic groups. Instead, Frey noted, the new exchange programs with the European Community concentrations of these groups "along with whites and NAFfA countries. By FY 1998 its budget had and blacks within the high immigration regions grown to $25 .2 million. should lead to a greater incorporation of these groups into new 'multiple melting pots' that will emerge FIPSE's appropriation for FY 1999 will grow to distinctly in these different parts of the country." $50 million. As part of the recently enacted Onmibus However, the separate regions will have different Appropriations bill the agency became the dumping politicaJ leanings. The metropolitan regions ground for funding specific projects identified by experiencing high rates of immigration will be members of Congress. Among the over $28 million younger and more concerned with promoting social in directed spending: $6 million for the Robert J. welfare programs, while the mostly white regions will Dole Institute for Public Service and Public Policy at be older and more concerned with preserving the the University of Kansas; $1 million for the Paul social security system. Simon Institute for Public Policy at Southern Illinois University; $1 million for the Oregon Institute of Economic, Social & Political Implications Public Service and Constitutional Studies at the School of Government at Portland Walters noted that the immigrants entering the State University; $5 million to the St. Petersburg country are establishing "beachheads in these six Junior College for a demonstration of a national states or gateways." This phenomenon, according to method for increasing access to four year degrees and Walters, is similar to the black migration to the North work force training for students attending community after the end of the Civil War. The immigrant colleges; $2 million for the Technology Assisted settlement in these regions has, in some cases, Leaming Campus in New Rochelle, NY for high-tech resulted in attempts to "outlaw immigrant behavior," equipment; $3 million for the Oregon State as evidenced by Proposition 187 in California. University Distance Education Alliance; $2 .15 million for technology enhanced learning at the Regional concentrations of new immigrants has a College ofNaturaJ Resources at the University of negative economic impact, Walters contended. These Wisconsin, Stevens Point, and $1 .5 million for the areas are marked by already high levels of poverty. Touro Law Center in Central Islip, NY for the use of The continued growth of the new immigrant technology to bridge the gap between legal education population, according to Walters, undoubtedly results and the actual practice of law. in a higher continuation and exacerbation of economic stagnation and poverty. As ifthis wasn't enough, Congress then told FIPSE that they had $9.5 million for a broad based Walters also noted that the nature of politicaJ competition to be administered "in a manner representation in these regions will ultimately change. consistent with current departmental practices and The immigrant populations will promote the policies." However, the conference report tells furtherance of social welfare programs and, in fact, FIPSE to "give full and fair consideration to cultivate a new round of social change movements. applications submitted by the institutions identified in the House Report and Senate Report," and then proceeds to identify four more projects for "similar consideration." PORK OVERWHELMS AN AGENCY //) On the one hand, Congress asks agencies to The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary compete more and more of its research funding, Education (FIPSE) supports projects that enhance adding requirements for merit review to a number of postsecondary education quality and cost mission-oriented research agencies. On the other effectiveness. The Fund awards competitive hand, appropriators continue to use their prerogative discretionary grants and contracts to a variety of to reward constituents and others with clout. In the institutions concerned with higher education. Its process one small agency becomes transformed. 6 COSSA WASHINGTON UPDATE November9 1998

FISCAL YEAR 1999 APPROPRIATIONS FOR AGENCIES THAT SUPPORT ( SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

(all figures in millions, and accurate through November 6; •indicates amowit approved by committee)

AGENCY FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 1999 FY 1999 FY 1999 Funding Proposed House Senate FINAL National Science Foundation Total 3,429.0 3,773.0 3,679.9 3,644.0 3,672.0 Research and Related Activities 2,546.0 2,846.0 2,815.0 2,725.0 2,770.0 Education and Human Resources 633.0 683.0 643.0 683.0 662.0

Dept. of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control 2,332.6 2,454.S 2,540.4• 2,366.6• 2,609.5 Agency for Health Care Policy and Research 146.4 171.4 171 .0• 111 .0• 171.0 Asst. Sec. for Planning and Evaluation 14.0 14.0 14.o• 14.0• 14.0 Nat. Inst. for Child Health & Human Development 673.5 725.0 728.8• 748.4• 750.98 Nat. Inst. on Aging 518.3 556.4 565.6• 596.S· 596.5 Nat. Inst. ofNW'Sing Research 63.5 68.2 68.2• 69.8• 69.8 Nat. Inst. for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism 226.8 245.0 248.8• 259.7• 259.7 Nat. Inst. on Drug Abuse 526.2 575.l 575.4• 603.2• 603.2 Nat. Inst. of Mental Health 748.8 807.6 815.7• 861.2• 861.2

Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative 97.2 130.0 97.2 99.6 119.3 Economic Research Service 72.0 56.0 67.3 53.l 65.8

Dept. of Commerce/Census Bureau Periodic Censuses and Programs 555.8 1,027.8 1,111 .9 l,002.5 1,186.9 Census Salaries and Expenses 137.3 160.1 140.1 141.8 136.1 Bureau of Economic Analysis 47.S 53.7 48.0 49.2 48.5

Department of Education Institutes, Labs, & Dissemination 128.6 178.6 128.6• 128.6• 143.6 Education Statistics (NCES) 59.0 68.0 68.o• 59.o• 68.0 Assessment (incl. NAGB) 35.47 40.0 4o.o• 35.5• 40.0 Graduate Assistance in Areas ofNational Need 24.1 30.0 o.o• 31.0• 31.0 (Javits Fellowships) 6.5 0.0 o.o• (6.S•) (6.5) International Programs 60.4 61.1 67.S• 61.1• 67.5

Dept. of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research 36.5 50.0 47.5 36.5 47.5

Department of Justice National Institute of Justice 42.5 57.l 52.6 46.1 46.1 Bureau of Justice Statistics 21.S 27.0 25.0 25.2 25.0 Juvenile Justice 238.7 278.0 283.0 284.6 267.6

Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 380.5 398.9 398.9• 390.9• 398.9

Natl Endowment for the Humanities 110.7 131.0 110.7 110.7 110.7

Smithsonian In1tltutlon Woodrow Wilson Center 5.8 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.8

U.S. Information Agency Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs 197.7 199.0 200.0 205.0 202.5 l November 9 1998 COSSA WASHINGTON UPDATE 7

SOURCES OF RESEARCH SUPPORT j) /f

COSSA provides this information as a service and encourages readers to contact the agency for further information or application materials. Additional application guidelines and restrictions may apply.

Social Science Research Council (SSRC) Application Deadline: January 13, 1999

The International Migration Program seeks to foster innovative research that will advance theoretical understandings of voluntary and forced international migration to the , the process of settlement, and outcomes for immigrants, refugees, and native-born Americans. With funding from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the program offers Dissertation Fellowships, Postdoctoral Fellowships, and Minority Summer Dissertation Workshops for the study of international migration to the United States. For more information, eligibility requirements, and application materials, contact: International Migration Program, Social Science Research Council, 810 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY, 10019; Telephone: 212/377-2700; Email: [email protected];Webpage:http://www.ssrc.org.

The Russell Sage Foundation Application Deadline: Open

The Foundation's grants are restricted to support for basic social science research within our announced programs. These currently include research on the future of work, immigration, inter-group relations, and literacy. For more information on the Foundation's grants program, contact: Eric Wanner, President, The Russell Sage Foundation, 112 E. 64th St., New York, NY, 10021; Telephone: 212/750-6000; Fax: 212/371-44761; Email: [email protected];Webpage:http://www.epn.org!sage.htm/.

National Institutes of Health National Institute of Child Health and Human Development {NICHD) National Institute of Mental Health {NIMH) RFA: HD-98-015 Letter of Intent Deadline: December 15, 1998 Application Receipt Deadline: February 17, 1999

This RF A, jointly issued by the NICHD and the NIMH, invites research on the replication of community-based behavioral interventions to reduce risks oflllV among youth. The primary goals ofthe research are to gain insight into how interventions may be adapted to new communities while preserving or indeed maximizing the effectiveness of key mechanisms through which they reduce behavioral risks oflllV, For more information about the RFA, contact: Susan F. Newcomer, Ph.D., Demographic and Behavioral Science Branch, NICHD, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Room 8B07, Bethesda, MD 20892; Telephone: 301/496-1174; Fax: 301/496-0962; Email: [email protected].

National Institute of Health National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders {NIDCD) PA Number: PAS-99-011

The NIDCD invites research grant applications that address intervention strategies following identification of neonatal hearing impairment. For more information on this PA, contact: Amy M. Donahue, Ph.D., Division of Human Communication, NIDCD, 6120 Executive Boulevard, EPS 400C, Bethesda, MD 20892; Telephone: 301/402-3458; Fax: 301/402-6251; Email: Amy_ [email protected]. MEMBERS

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