The face o f a torturer - Lieutenant Steven Whitehead, chief interrogator o fDr Neil Aggett the generality of the practitioners and The Minister of Police appears to have reflected by the SAMDC, may be gathered decided that where medical and specialist from other cases. For example, a detainee treatment and care are considered to be (Dean T. Farisani) held under the Terrorism adequate then no access will be given to the Act on 19 October 1981 was taken to detainee’s own private doctor. (19) The hospital three times under police guard, new Internal Security Act accordingly twice for psychiatric treatment, being provides only for fortnightly visits by a returned to detention on 14 January 1982 district surgeon; apparently he is regarded and apin in February; and finally in as a sufficiently independent monitor of February again, with critical head injuries. a detainee’s condition despite the Biko (18) As far as can be determined, the scandal. medical staff involved have not considered The Minister has rejected for “security that the matter is of further interest or reasons” a request that detainees should be significance. .. seen by an independent panel of doctors or The doctors in cases such as Farisani’s doctors of their own choice: (20) may well <~1aim not to have known of torture The Federal Chairman of MASA, and he may not have been tortured. What is Professor Guy de Klerk (21) announced disturbing is that there is no evidence that that MASA was prepared to set up an they were at all concerned or that the matter independent panel of doctors to see was investigated by their professional detainees. This was in response to the association. demand by the Detainees’ Parents’ Support Committee that detainees should be teen with the view taken by the SAMDC and by a panel appointed by themselves. He said MASA as explained above. This appears to that such a panel would be as suspect as have affected also the decision in the inquest one appointed by the State; in his view, held into the death of another detainee, only MASA could be trusted as it “stands Moufhe, who died in December 1980 above suspicion". (22) Two comments seem after 112 days in detention. The magistrate to be called for. First, MASA seems to be held thafhe could not find anyone to blame; trying to run with the hare and hunt with he apparently agreed with the allegation die hounds simultaneously; and secondly, that the dead man had killed himself by it seems clear that a deep mistrust now exists joining his pair of socks, tying them round within the medical profession in South his neck, and tying the other end to the Africa over the security laws. window and then, lying down on the floor Nothing illustrates the point more while so tied, he had covered himself with clearly than the case of Motaung, recently a blanket and by using the left- arm to sentenced to death for treason. While being exert pressure he had caused his own death arrested, he told the court, he was shot in by strangulation. (24) the hip by a policeman who then pulled him Where the defence alleged that a up and shot him again in the genitals. He detainee called as a witness for the State had said that he was then told that he would be been so severely assaulted that he lost an taken to hospital only when he produced eye, the court does not appear to have seen the guns the police were seeking, although' any need to investigate the matter further. he was bleeding and in pain. He was In this case, another detainee called to examined the same day by a district surgeon. give evidence for the prosecution said he Dr. MS. Snyman. She testified that she had had cooperated with the police because been told that Motaung was a “terrorist who he was ‘petrified’ of them, and described had to do important things”. Accordingly an assault on another detainee. (25) she certified that he was fit to help the police and gave him “painkilling tablets” Understanding the Doctors but no other treatment. She told the court MASA and the SAMDC simply reflect that she considered that it was more accepted perspectives, and it would be important for him to assist the police than extraordinary if the medical implications to undergo immediate medical treatment. of the legislation discussed above would Motaung- was taken to hospital two days prompt its. rejection. This would require later. the bodies concerned to react to the political He was operated on and kept for eight days. implications of what the medical profession (23) is required to do. Moreover, many There is evidence that the police have practitioners — and not only those dealing confidence in the doctors whom they call with detainees — are regime supporters who on to examine detainees, and that where would in any event argue strenuously that injuries are noted the doctors will accept the laws are necessary. police explanations. This confidence extends to general practitioners. The entire basis on which the security Magistrates have also acknowledged the legislation functions creates an assumption need for full cooperation from doctors. on the part of the public that a person The decision in the Biko case, that the detained, questioned, tried or otherwise available evidence did not prove that death adversely affected is involved in subversive ~ was brought about by an act or omission violence. involving an offence by any person, reflects The fact that a person has been jg this. Any other verdict would have clashed detained itself points to a criminal involve­ I . ■ ment. The legislation makes It dear that put pressure on detainees to answer only thoae considered by the police to be questions. Involved in security offences may be In addition to simple assaults, much of detained and it is ‘natural’ for such persons the evidence of torture refers to methods to be treated as guilty for all purposes. that leave no visible marks — e.g. continuous There is little prospect of their being interrogation for days and nights, with believed when they make allegations of sleep deprivation; "statue” torture; humilia­ torture, because from the very outset they tion and intimidation; hooding; appear to have an interest in lying. Other psychological assault (false reports of problems of credibility are shown by the A»\th or illness of relatives or friends, or case of Bentley, mentioned earlier, where threats of indefinite and solitary confine­ the defendant told the court that he had ment); partial suffocation; subjection to not told the doctor or magistrate who extreme noise; and alternate immersions of visited him eadier how he had been injured the feet in hot and icy water. Where injuries because he feared that this information are sustained, protracted periods in isolation would be given to the police, who would are said to follow until visible signs have continue to assault him. As we have seen, healed. In addition, statements made to the doctor confirmed the defendant’s magistrates visiting detainees, which may be fears only too clearly. evidence of torture, are transmitted to the Moreover, it must be remembered that police, while detainees are not permitted the police have sole responsibility for to have copies of the reports on visits made . investigating allegations against themselves. by magistrates. They may however have The system is one which is geared to a copy'of a doctor’s report. manufacture guilt, and the medical It should be remembered that by law profession is an integral part of this detainees are not permitted to have access structure. There is a remarkable paradox to to lawyers. Attempts have been made to be taken into account: the rhetoric used is silence witnesses to torture by detaining ... that of a fair trial, the right to present a them or - as in the case of the inquest into defence, and the freedom from improper the death of Dr. Neil Aggett eariier last pressure from the State to confess; yet year — by a banning order. In this case, the massive volume of evidence pointing a person detained with Dr. Aggett swore an to the violation of these rights and raising affidavit which he gave to lawyers for questions of involvement by the medical Dr. Aggett’s family describing how Dr. profession is not even investigated by it, Aggett had been tortured in his presence not and in practice the system is designed to long before his death. In addition, steps have reject such allegations. been taken to prevent the inquest from For there to be any point to detention hearing a statement made by Dr. Aggett for interrogation, questions must be h.m«»if describing electric shock treatment, answered. It is ludicrous to propose that no ' by seeking a ruling that the statement is pressure may be exerted on detainees to inadmissible. induce them to cooperate, especially when The ethical duties of a doctor require the State emphasises 'how important a him to note, record, and treat injuries. confession in a criminal trial is by providing No matter how suspicious he may be as to that, unless the contrary is proved, it is to their origin there is, on the evidence, no be presumed to have been freely and rh»nr* that the court will believe that they voluntarily made and is sufficient evidence were caused by torture of’the detainee who by itself for a conviction. This is one of the now challenges the confession allegedly x essential reasons for interrogation. The made by him. In any event, as the Biko and police must, and invariably do, deny having other cases considered illustrate, no action 19 by the doctor must interfere with the opera­ r rpous drefe-i tmufefencS-' «n<£ tion of the security legislation. It is ^ttnrwttltogiMsrsapporr eachoihif. absolutely essential for the administration .Ultimately^- ThftV-anfcuolLffflS. tcrrihM of justice in South Africa that this should be medicat'tragedy-are fetrmnmtjfr so, and the SAMDC and MASA are the. medical profession tf required ta serve, inexorably compelled to play their part. *m!“sy m p a th y C o m fo rtin g the profes­ sion from abroad will not help it to over­ Conclusions come these problems but merely reassure fln.Jhr contex^^ithgUwtiich^U. ftiactiong it and enable it to live with them. The only solution lies with the processes of change ^howit. itselCte-bdnSipablfr'oEcopinftwidy within South Africa itself; so far as the tj^ljtU ctfT fii^M tlon^aiuinf' from the medical profession itself is concerned, <4ecurify' legislation. While doubtless in isolation will encourage it to develop the individual cases practitioners may justifiably tensions and splits necessary for the healing be suspected of having acted with evil process to commence. motives, the greatest part of the problem arises from the very structure of the institu­ Footnotes tions involved. The statutes and definitions, both explidty and in the manner in which 15. “Report to the Medical Association of the courts have interpreted them, equate South Africa by the Ad Hoc Committee with treason all opposition to the State's appointed to consider certain ethical issues’’. established policies. The medical profession 16. Sowetan, 5th March 1982 consists of individuals who in many cases, 17. The Star, 11 March 198Z as white voters, accept the fundamental 18. Sunday Express (Johannesburg) 17 political implications of this legislation. January 1982, Sunday Times (Johannes­ Accordingly, one must not expect them burg) 21 February 1982. willingly to confront it. This, however, is 19. The Star, 6 March 1981 an inadequate explanation for what is 20. Rand Daily Mail, 11 February 1982; happening in South Africa today for it Sowetan, 3 February 1981 does not take into account the manner in 21. Rand Daily Mail, 5 March 1982; Finan­ which the medical associations , are cial Mail, 16 March 1982. structured into the system: not only are the 22. Rand Daily MaQ, 7 May 1982. individuals reluctant to come into conflict 23. Rand Daily MaQ, 28 August 1982; with the system, but should they be willing Sowetan 28-29 August 1982. to do so their professional associations are 24. Rand Daily Mail, 26 September, 9 rendered incapable of giving support. ' October 1981. 25. Post, 15 April 1980; Rand Daily Mail. 16 April 1980, 25 July 1980.

pCofeMioirtT-t p frffty part fg: < fom^manof»ctn^jf:gB gt^t^;do«a. ndt have the nwans tojis^-ther’Sonduct 6 f i& aemtWtf’Sgfinsfr VS«igftf>Tac y jT^d3nfc SttTgigB 20 wanttftemf^hes^twa^ factors eombiner ST APARTHEID

How Pretoria wages war on Africa by Az&'Paituf iTKnApttthowty rgfrim^hM emgarked.' oci^i-i the 1982 Defence White Paper Jjtagnui^ “ ‘ Jffchgj^QUnister: of:Defend) stated that: puuubu uiu ...... f * it. liiianiiii-— __ ^ , , hi-SnftthewgcAfticl? The gravity of flc»te~dr~: weapons' ^ - fcrto the rituation is reflected by the communique neighbouring" countrfej” and that “serious of the heads of Governments of die Front consideration, should HCWLb^_gfven*to^^h$ Line States (meeting in Maputo, March ■possibility of couVeiitionat .frarfarat’’ 1982) which noted that "Jh^tayasiorran^ f Primes-Minister'. Botha gave some inrihtary aggression; the urilitftjpw^fonnied} indication^ o^ South Africa’s intentions bamhtran^ agents, the~ acts ofHsabotagcahd when he stated that “We are moving more economic^ .blackmail,, -the^fflissivc.., an^f and mow in the direction hi yhichthe statq str§Vcrsive~propaganda campaignsconducted fofrbrieO «sv already been since 1948,” ■f^jiduth 'Africa^are p r o o f thetf*» and went on to warn that “South_ Africa} Cufl«ttty^air~UiidecIaretoaotisk states — ar®uni South Africa^_wa^ «i«r> to subvert and undermine the gains ; Hf\ ^ ^ t t rterestt. ” This already achieved' in Southern Africa. The situation he said, could not be tolerated. use of conventional - war is becoming a * After announcing that South Africa central component of this regional strategy. would have to open up a **second front , , Using the *big lie’ techniques ofGoebbels . Magnus'Malad issued a warning that the they justify their aggression by claiming ‘^logarr 'hrAfrica ’'shouldr'bf :<>btaig that the neighbouring countries pose -a ttnce'afltTtet iaiBPOi ( military threat to them. In the preface to k««/ pnijncttoacjt-jitawilti** allmurf It is in South Africa that the west’s hrw.” moat important regional interests are at The Reagan nominee to become head stake — both our tangible economic and of the US Arms Control and Disarmament strategic interests and also our political Agency, Kenneth Adelman (presently and moral interests in ncn-violent change”. deputy to Jean Kirkpatrick that other great On taking office, Reagan said, “Can we tinman rights campaigner’ and ‘freedom abandon a country which has stood with us fighter*, and friend of the US and South in every war we have fought, a country that African intelligence services) is reported to strategically is essential to the free world? It have said that if South Africa acquired movements and the end result is perish in nuclear anti-submarine weapons, these could . be helpful to the west in protecting the Cape South Africa is imposing its own version shipping route. He went on to a y that such of the Monroe doctrine. This aggressive weapons could be turned into nuclear militarist strategy has been intensified since bombs to deter a land attack. the defeat of Portuguese colonialism and Given such open and brazen support the attempts to establish genuine people’s by the Reagan administration it is hardly democracies, leading to the socialist trans­ surprising that the South African 1982 formation of Angola and Mozambique; since the winning of independence in Defence White Paper concluded that “there Zimbabwe; since the attempts by the Front ■ are encouraging signs that the USA is once I in* States to break out of the economic •gain prepared to play an active role as stranglehold of South Africa through the leader of the West.” For South Africa, SADCC, and as a result of the intensified rim has meant extensive cooperation in the resistance in South Africa and Namibia. exchange of intelligence and military personnel and information. There has been Imperialist Collaboration - a gradual relaxation of the ban on military South Africa’s reactionary role by and and military-related equipment from the large coincides with imperialist strategy US - for example, the Cyber 75 variety of for world domination and exploitation. computers, which can be used to model The Reagan administration, under the nuclear explosions, has been supplied smokescreen of anti-communism, anti­ to Armscor or its subsidiaries, and US sovietism and “anti-terrorism”, has launched brokers played a key role in helping South a world wide counter-revolutionary Africa buy almost 100 tons of enriched offensive, and sees the apartheid regime as uranium. Export credit guarantees have the instrument for achieving its global been resumed by the US government, and strategy on the African continent In 1980 the Americans were largely responsible for Crocker (U.S. Assistant Secretary of State the granting of a 12 billion dollar loan to for African Affairs) concluded that, South Africa from the IMF in 1982. In “Washington could no longer simply enjoy Namibia the USA is spearheading attempts its varied interests in Southern Africa. It to halt the process of liberation. American would have to work actively to preempt subterfuges were revealed when, in a secret Soviet-backed revolutionary change.” He memorandum to Haig in 1981, Crocker later went on to say that the “American stated that racist South Africans must be stance towards the Republic, of South told of the US willingness to open up a Africa is inevitably the centrepiece of our new chapter in their relationship, based regional policy... South Africa is by any upon strategic reality and South Africa’s definition an important regional power, position in that reality. He went on to say and it is by far the most important country that the Namibian problem was a primary 22 in the Southern African region. obstacle to this new relationship, and that “we axe willing to work with them to find for -imperialist global strategy,' ancfc an internationally acceptable settlement specifically for subversion; exploitation which will not harm their interests. and ~ destabilisation of^th*si-Afncar\ This active and open collaboration of continent; the Reagan-Thatcher administrations has • limit support, given' to. the ANC ,andf undoubtedly encouraged the terrorist use of SWAPO. their muscle, and is turning Southern Africa • physically eliminate the ANC^jft^ into one of the most critical flashpoints SWAPO*'" . in international politics. In the last few years, there has been a steady escalation in the regime’s use of South I African aggression affects rirtualltf economic sabotage and . terrorism, .•th® whole- o f Southern.' Aftica^ahd. even commando raids and large scale military farther, afield,: as the attempted coup in 'tire invasions, the strategic objectives being to: Seychelles and the bumbimpof ttw* ANC office nr London- showed A Jb^ef look wfll • 'maintain dominance of the- region and/ give 'some, indication-of“ the.'nature. anil prevent?”'any”"aocio^bnomfer'changer; extent, oClthis, -and-tb»^>ijoM< challenge • taatot'ain. racist Sbuttt" Africa a» a. baaff confronting" not only the peoples, of 23 a great part of our manpower, material and ftn«nr«»l resources to strengthening our Economic pressure defence capability, thereby jeopardising a The caloniid legacy has resulted in the fact number of projected development targets.” that die economies of almost all countries Conservative estimate) show that since in the region are interlinked with that of 197S the locses Angola suffered because of South Africa. South Africa’s dominant South African aggression amounted to a petition in this relationship has been used staggering sum of 10 billion dollars. extensively to {hit pressure on these states. Other consequences, in terms of human In 1981 at i very crucial moment, suffering' , ill health, loss of schooling, mal­ racist South Africa unilaterally terminated nutrition, unemployment, displacement of a preferential trade agreement (dating back millions, cannot be calculated fiilly. to 1964) with Zimbabwe. It simultaneously recalled about 80 railway trucks and diesel Military aggression engines on long term loan to Zimbabwe Since the mid 60’* the apartheid regime has Railways (this had a disastrous effect on the adopted a highly aggressive and transport of the maize harvest). interventionist policy ' towards its Recently the racists warned Lesotho neighbours. that unless she toed the line the job oppor­ Between 1967 and 1975 it was tunities for Lesotho citizens in South estimated that over 4000 South African Africa would be jeopardized (it is estimated troops supported by armoured can, heli­ that at present- 40% of Lesotho’s GNP copters and planes were actively involved comes from wages earned by Lesotho in Zimbabwe. There were over 1000 South citizens working in South Africa). African troops involved with the Portuguese However, the most dangerous disruption in Mozambique and in 1969 under a has been through the systematic destruction Portuguese-South African agreement a joint of the socio-economic structures. Roads, command system was established in Angola railways, bridges, electric and water supplies, to direct South African air reconnaissance oil refineries and depots, factories, dams and troop transport activities against and agricultural projects have been attacked Namibia and MPLA guerrillas. and destroyed. To ate but a few examples: However a new dimension was added The road, rail and oil pipeline in 1975 when over 6000 South African connection between Zambia and Mozam­ troops and foreign mercenaries invaded bique is continuously attacked. In October Angola in a'last deperate attempt to prevent 1981 traffic between the the two countries MPLA from coming to power and to instal was halted when the road and n il bridges UNITA in power. The CIA played a major over the Pungwe River were sabotaged role in initiating and underwriting this In November 1981 the port o f Beira campaign. USA direct and open intervent-«. was closed when 10 out o f the 12 naviga­ ion was not possible at this stage because tional buoys were sabotaged. / of the post-Vietnam mood of the American In January 1983 a major dam in Angola people and the disarray and confusion was sabotaged, causing extensive flooding within the military industrial complex, and damage to a vital agricultural area. arising from the Watergate affair. The dirty The long term effects on the consoli­ work had therefore to be spearheaded by dation of independence and the process of South Africa with the assistance of mercena­ development cannot be overestimated. The ries and UNITA and FNLA bandits. Angolan President said in his 1983 message: This invasion of Angola by 3 South “South Africa’s undeclared war against African armoured columns, code named > — " ■ 10 Eland armoured-con on the road to the operational area (mid 1982) “Zulu”, “Foxbat” and “Orange,” swept The *cope and intensity of this “scorched northward* capturing town after town. earth” policy has increased yearly. From Within a short time they occupied the whole 1976 to ' 1979 there were 291 military of the centre of Angola, the northern­ attacks against Angola; daring 1980 there most line of occupation stretching from were 1 100 acts of aggression; in the first Lobito to the capital of the Moxico Province 6 months of 1981 there were over 650 intheeast. ■ ' acts of aggression including: . " The invading forces reached ^ithin a few of Luanda. In response to the 472 reconnaissance flights Angolans’ urgent appeal fo* assistant*, 2 2 air attacks *• ’ Cuba and the Soviet Union reacted with 111 helicopter-bome landings unparalleled internationalist manpower and 4 paratroop landing* . 1 - ' logistical support; further assistance came 2 artillery bombardments ' from other socialist countries and some 15 ground reconnaissance incursions - third world countries. 5 ground attacks Eight months after th$ invasion started. 30 bombing raids- ... South Africa and its surrogates were forced -i i , out of Angola. Since then the South Worse was to come. In August 1981, follow­ African* have conducted a constant, and ing a massive troops build-up of over 45 000 systematic campaign of bombing raids, on the Namibian border, the racists launched violations of Angolan air space, border “Operation Protea”. This involved 11 000 provocations, infantry attacks, artillery troops, 36 centurion tanks, 70 armoured shelling and minelaying. cars, 200 troop transporters, heavy artillery It it ^estimated that from 1976 to and long range missiles, supported by 90 1979 the South Africans were responsible aircraft and helicopters. • for: ' • ' > Today the invaders are still occupying ■ / r t ' *.■».• an estimated 50 000 sq. kilometre* of 193 mine laying operations Angolan territory. This sad and tragic _ 7 artillery bombardments story is repeated in all other neighbouring 25 ground attacks r '\ ’ . countries. For example in November 1982, 21 ground infiltration* Mozambique alerted the United Nations to the fact that the racists were massing attack on the Koeberg nuclear plant, one thousands of troop* on the border and that of South Africa’s most carefully guarded a full scale military invasion was imminent. installations, has sown panic in the ranks of There is little doubt that this timely warning the enemy. and international action temporarily, at The enemy believes that the “next least,, halted the planned invasion. It has five years is going to be decisive,” (Gen* also been reliably reported that the racists MagpuaMaiJn) and has launched a massive had established a .“Matabele brigade” offensive to stem the revolutionary tide. commanded by Col. Breytenbach to carry One aspect of this is to create an image of out attacks against Zimbabwe. Training moderation internally, while in actual fact camps have been set up at Phalaborwa, intensifying repression and control. Another Spacer Camp, Madibo Camp and the Ntabi' aspect is the physical destruction of die camp. In April 1980 the Western Province ANC and SWAPO both internally, and ‘ * of Zambia was invaded by 2 battalions of externally. South African troops. They mined roads, Wariprd^Malac recently reiterated attacked villages and burned crops. The warnings that We are determined to wipe;, area had to be declared a “disaster area.” out the terrorists even if haw-to crow ; Such violations of Zambian territory take qui borderv tcr .do if.” Specially created' place continuously and Lesotho is assassination squads and regular forces of increasingly experiencing such aggression. the South African Defence Force have carried out this policy with a lunatic frenzy. Elimination of ANC and SWAPO t Joe Gqabi, Ruth First, Petrus and Jabu South Africa’s aggression is intensifying Nyaose represent a growing list of victims at a time when the resistance of the people of racist acts of terror. » of South. Africa and Namibia has reached South African troops blatantly invade unprecendented heights and the regime is neighbouring countries to carry out their facing mounting economic and political murderous work. For example in 1978 crises. .South African troops attacked a SWAPO Today the legal, semi-legal and illegal camp at Kassinga ruthlessly slaughtering activity of the oppressed masses is shaking about 1 000 unarmed Namibian refugees. the citadels of power as never before. ’ Eye witnesses were shocked by the “spirit The black working1 class, the leading of extermination and destruction” of the force of our revolution, continues to grow South African troops. in strength, maturity and consciousness. In January 1981 South African troops Waves of militant strike actions affect invaded Mozambique and attacked ANC almost all sections of major industries. residences murdering 12 unarmed people The youth and students, women’s and kidnapping two. organisations, the churches, professional In December 1982 over 100 South organisations, the masses in the rural areas African troops invaded and occupied Maseru and Bantustans are confronting the regime the capital of Lesotho. In an orgy of indis­ at every level. criminate and ruthless violence they Under the banner of “Unity in Action” murdered 42 South African and Lesotho • the mighty forces of liberation and social citizens.' emancipation continue to grow in strength. This sharp escalation in the actions The actions of Umkhonto we Sizwe of file regime and its murder squads gives have played I very significant role in this. warning that the1 regime, threatened by Over the last two years units of Umkhonto internal resistance and haunted by the we' Sizwe have carried out sabotage actions spectre -of socialism in neighbouring throughout the country. The. brilliant countries, is committed to unleashing a i£.W. Botha.withJ.C- Heunt% shown deep inode Angola at the end o f1975, together with the UN1TA guard o fJonas SavimbL 'Die B u r g e r 'll 77, from which this picture is taken, said it was a "great opportunity for Dr Savimbi's guards to meet these two South African leaders." Also in the picture is Jamie deWet, then Commissioner General for Namibia. reign of terror across its borders in a vain working with the apartheid regime. The attempt to roll back the tide of history MNR is nothing but an extension of the SADF. When Mozambican troops captured Features of apartheid terrorism an MNR base at Gamgua (Dec. 1981) Some features of racist aggression have they found large quantities of South African been; _ arms and equipment, signs of SADF instuc- ' tors, and documentation which showed Growing brutalisation and almost total that all actions carried out by the MNR breaches of international conventions. These were determined and controlled by the include terror attacks against civilians, SADF. The LLA has bases in South Africa indiscriminate bombings, assassinations, the and receives financial and logistical support n«» of poison gas etc. - from the SADF. IncmiDf 'n r'o t' inroptr fonttj Jhescrfachider-UNTCiLil^Angola* MNR*w Increasing use of mercenaries. These Mozambiqut'’*anfather - EEA*1ff'“Eesothof are recruited from the USA, Britain, West Documents captured after the Portuguese Germany, Latin American countries (those revolution, as well as accounts by CIA with close links with the USA), Israel and defectors like Stockwell, confirm reports other western countries. In many cases that Savimbi worked for PIDE and the western governments have given tacit CIA. Since 1975 he has been actively approval to such recruiting. They have not only foiled to tike- effective «ction Such arrogant display of big power, ■pin tt it but, on the contrary, hive facili­ chauvinism; such total disregard of all tated the work of these “whores of war.” conventions of international law - and Are cetain major western countries cons­ morality; such blatant distortion of facts ciously using mercenaries and bandit organi­ which turns victim into aggressor; such sations to achieve objectives in situations contempt and disregard for international where tt is not politically possible to use opinion; such callous disregard of human their own aimed forces? ; suffering has few parallels in modem history. Pan the world allow the apartheid Need for Urgent Action • " South Africa has given notice of its aims regime ttx unleash another holocaust? The and objectives in Southern Africa and also military industrial complexes using the the- extent to which it will go to achieve smokescreen of the “red bogey” helped these. The war psychosis being developed Hitler rise to power. This generation cannot in South Africa and the constant warnings and must not allow history to repeat itself. that it will take further military actions if A massive international campaign must / it considers its security to be threatened, tfe launched to stop the apartheid regime’s are ominous. A senior spokesman of the terroristic aggression against neighbouring regime recently stated that “the acceptance states. Mass militant pressure by the peoples of Soviet military aid by those states is must compel the US, British and French • destabilising the region because it provides Governments to stop abusing their powers a military umbrella for subversive elements. of veto in the Security Council of the It is the government's-- duty to protect United Nations. Effective and total sanctions South African interests ._We will not must be imposed against South Africa. hesitate to take action against Russian All-round political, material and and radar bases on our neighbours’ diplomatic support must be given to SWAPO territory,... It does not matter if the commu­ and the ANC. nist military' forces are there legitimately as allies of these states.” t h e CRICKETING

MERCENARIES• * • * ' by SanfeRamsamjl

“Collaboration with, rather than isolation of, the enemy, in order to give apartheid a face-1 ift, cannot be in the best interests of West Indian players or West Indian , if for no other reason than that the very forces responsible for the impoverishment and oppression of the South African peoples are the very same forces responsible for the underdevelopment of the Caribbean, namely American and British imperialism.” Workers’ Party of Jamaica

Apartheid sport, isolated from nearly all standards was being acclaimed as the greatest international participation, is now fighting .side ever to visit South Africa. Employers for jtj jurvival. - were asked to do their utmost to enable International sport is very important to their staff to watch the matches. The racist South Africa. More important than in apartheid regime’s minister in charge of any other country in the world. Besides *P°rt congratulated the organisers on “their using sport as an avenue to. create respecta- tremendous success” and appealed .“to all baity for apartheid. South Africa also uses &uth A^cans to do what is practical to sport to unite the whites into a fervour of *“PP°rt the successful initative of the f a s t patriotism. ' ■ , (white) South African Cricket Union.” Recently several West Indian cricketers Although sportsmen from developing were lured to South Africa to be used as countries are easy prey for western entre- court jesters to boost the flagging morale preneurs not many suspected that West of apartheid’s white electorate. The all- Indian crickrters would ever play in black West Indian opposition playing all- apartheid South Africa, white South African national sides was an As soon as the cricketers landed in ideal enviroment to stir the white rulers to South Africa compassionate stories were ecstatic chauvinism. ‘ circulating the world over, that their choice The West Indian team which was was between playing in South Africa and relatively mediocre by international starving. One of the West Indian cricketers even asked, “When you tee your wife and seas supporters defined the West Indian children don’t hive enough to eat what do cricket tour as a victory for sport and a you do?" Another' stated, “if lomeone defeat for those who wished to bring politics is prepared to give me money to feed my into sport. The sport*-lessor which emerged children, buy them dothing and myself a frpnujbis tow ->ww that-rHer arerdergtwl motor car I will not go.” That these px moral .acceptability aad^decetrWlegttF cricketers were attracted by highly inflated miscdcAuJ? »r fa*>btiuging politics'6di appearance fees is certainly true. That they sport it seems that'it perfectly in~6fd& accepted the offers because their families foe. the: apartheid 'regfmeywhosc. sola ainvls* were starving is an utter ind blatant lie. .to fflOTtahF~whltgri«nin»tfrmj-

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DELMAS TREASON TRIAL 1985 - 1989

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