Community Participation in Biodiversity Monitoring
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Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal Grazing Agreements Approach
Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Enhancing sustainable Natural Resource Management in Pastoralists Dry lands areas EUROPEAN COMMISSION Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Holistic Grazing Planning and Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Enhancing sustainable Natural Resource Management in Pastoralists Dry lands areas Contributors Part 1: Holistic Management - Field Manual & Application. The original manual was written by Craig Leggett / Leggett Consulting, USA www. leggettconulting.com for The Savory Institute, October, 2009 www.savoryinstitute.com The current publication version was revised based on facilitation guidelines for Holistic Management, and field experiences (successes and lessons learned) from VSF Germany staff – Eunice Obala, Andreas Jenet and Amos Gony, OBUFIELD Consultancy Team, VSF Belgium, VSF Suize – Illona Cleucks and Jeremy Akumu with Technical inputs on Holistic Management from Grevys Zebra Trust, Kenya www.grevyszebratrust.com with further input from Natural Capital East Africa www.naturalcapital.co.ke Part 2: Shared resource use practices in pastoral areas-Reciprocal grazing agreements approach Authors; Eunice Obala, Andreas Jenet Fernando Garduno Janz Lorika Yusuf Vétérinaires sans Frontières - Germany Nairobi, Kenya 2012 Disclaimer: This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Commission. The views expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Commission. ISBN 978-9966-754-05-9 Works cited Butterfield, Jody, Sam Bingham, and Allan Savory, 2006. Holistic Management Handbook: Healthy Land, Healthy Profits. 1st ed. Island Press. Hall, John, 2002. Bespectacled Crocodile: Outreach Manual For Pastoral Communities. West Africa Pilot Pastoral Program. http://www.managingwholes.com/crocodile/ Savory, Allan, and Jody Butterfield, 1998. -
Citizen Science Initiative for Schools: Edu-Arctic Monitoring of Meteorological and Phenological Parameters
CITIZEN SCIENCE INITIATIVE FOR SCHOOLS: EDU-ARCTIC MONITORING OF METEOROLOGICAL AND PHENOLOGICAL PARAMETERS A. Goździk1, P.E. Aspholm2, H.K. Wam2, T. Wawrzyniak1, A. Wielgopolan1 1Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences (POLAND) 2Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NORWAY) Abstract Citizen science is sometimes described as "public participation in scientific research," or participatory monitoring. Such initiatives help to bring research into, for example, the classroom and engage pupils in well-structured observations of nature in their vicinity. The learning and practising of observation may increase the understanding of complex conditions occurring in nature, related to biology, ecology, ecosystems functioning, physics, atmospheric chemistry etc. For school curricula and motivation of pupils, practical hands-on activities performed by school pupils themselves by using their own senses stimulate faster learning and cognition. For this, the EDU-ARCTIC project developed the Monitoring System. All schools in Europe are invited to participate in a meteorological and phenological observation system in the schools’ surroundings, to report these observations on the web-portal and to have access to all the accumulated data. The schools and pupils become part of a larger citizen effort to gain a holistic understanding of global environmental issues. The students may learn to act as scientific eyes and ears in the field. No special equipment is needed. Reporting of observations should be made once a week in the Monitoring System through the EDU–ARCTIC web-portal or the accompanying mobile app. A manual and a field guide on how to conduct observations and report are available through the web. Teachers may download reports containing gathered information and use them for a wide variety of subjects, including biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics. -
Lessons from Implementing a Theory of Change M&E System in the Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy Initiative
Lessons from implementing a Theory of change M&E system in the Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy initiative (draft version) Ricardo Furman Forest Conservation Programme IUCN Gland AEA Conference, Orlando November 2009 Version November 6th 09 I N D E X 1. The programme: Livelihood and landscape Strategy (LLS) .................................. 3 2. What is this paper about? ........................................................................................... 4 3. The M&E approach and the Theory of change ........................................................ 4 4. The implementation process .................................................................................... 11 4.1. The institutional setting ..................................................................................... 11 4.2. Learning by doing ............................................................................................... 12 5. Lessons and challenges so far… .............................................................................. 14 5.1. Regarding how to build a learning culture in involved stakeholders: ....... 14 5.2. Regarding how to implement it ........................................................................ 15 6. References ................................................................................................................... 17 2 Version November 6th 09 Lessons from implementing a Theory of change M&E system in the Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy1 -draft version- Ricardo Furman2 1. The programme: Livelihood -
Noble Hardwoods Network
EUROPEAN FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAMME (EUFORGEN) Noble Hardwoods Network Report of the second meeting 22-25 March 1997 Lourizan, Spain J. Turok, E. Collin, B. Demesure, G. Eriksson, J. Kleinschmit, M. Rusanen and R. Stephan, compilers ii NOBLE HARDWOODS NETWORK: SECOND MEETING The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRl) is an autonomous international scientific organization, supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). IPGRl's mandate is to advance the conservation and use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of present and future generations. IPGRl's headquarters is based in Rome, Italy, with offices in another 14 countries worldwide. It operates through three programmes: (1) the Plant Genetic Resources Programme, (2) the CGIAR Genetic Resources Support Programme, and (3) the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). The international status of IPGRl is conferred under an Establishment Agreement which, by January 1998, had been signed and ratified by the Governments of Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovak Republic, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda and Ukraine. Financial support for the Research Agenda of -
Guidebook for Monitoring and Evaluating Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Interventions
Guidebook for Monitoring and Evaluating Ecosystem-based Adaptation Interventions Published by: In collaboration with: As a federally owned enterprise, GIZ supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of interna- tional cooperation for sustainable development. Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn Global Project “Mainstreaming EbA — Strengthening Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Planning and Decision Making Processes“ Address Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 36 + 40 53113 Bonn, Germany T +49 228 4460-1535 F +49 228 446080-1535 E [email protected] I www.giz.de; www.adaptationcommunity.net This project is part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI). The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) supports this initiative on the basis of a decision adopted by the German Bundestag. The present Guidebook was prepared by the UN Environ- ment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) in collaboration with the Friends of EbA (FEBA) Network. Author: Sylvia Wicander United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) Suggested citation: GIZ, UNEP-WCMC and FEBA (2020) Guidebook for Monito- ring and Evaluating Ecosystem-based Adaptation Interven- tions. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenar- beit (GIZ) GmbH, Bonn, Germany. Design and editing: Additiv. Visuelle Kommunikation, Berlin, Germany Photo credits: Cover, pp. 8, 24, 63, 68 - Sylvia Wicander, ENDA Energie; pp. 2, 10, 17, 18, 52 - GIZ URL links: This publication contains links to external websites. Respon- sibility for the content of the listed external sites always lies with their respective publishers. When the links to these sites were first posted, GIZ checked the third-party content to es- tablish whether it could give rise to civil or criminal liability. -
Changing Views on Change: Participatory Approaches to Monitoring the Environment
Changing views on change: participatory approaches to monitoring the environment Joanne Abbot and Irene Guijt ISSN 1560-2192 SARL Discussion Paper No.2, July 1998 1 1 Table of contents Acknowledgements 4 Executive summary 6 1 Introduction 9 1.1 About this paper 2 Monitoring of the environment 11 2.1 What is monitoring? 11 2.2 Monitoring versus evaluation 12 2.3 Why monitor? 14 2.4 The subjectivity of monitoring 15 2.5 The role of scientific monitoring 17 3 Participatory monitoring 19 3.1 Moving towards participatory monitoring 19 3.2 Key steps in indicator-based participatory monitoring 21 Key steps 21 3.3 The benefits of participatory monitoring 24 The efficiency argument 27 2 Assessing claimed benefits 29 3.4 Degrees of participation in monitoring 31 Local monitoring 31 Building partnerships for participatory monitoring 33 In search of common dialogue 34 Who participates in participatory monitoring? 34 3.5 Developing indicators: consensus and compromise 37 Negotiating the needs of different stakeholders 37 Social differentiation of indicators 39 When is an indicator a ‘good’ indicator? 39 Grassroots indicators 43 Doing away with indicators? 44 Community monitoring of food security 48 3.6 Ensuring rigour and participation 50 4 Different approaches to participatory monitoring 56 4.1 PRA-based participatory monitoring 58 Dealing with diversity in diagramming 60 4.2 Oral testimony 61 4.3 Ecological methods 64 5 Framework for choosing a participatory approach to monitoring 68 6 Key findings and knowledge gaps 72 References 77 Annex: case studies of participatory monitoring 83 3 1 Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy of DFID. -
Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes
Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades. -
Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains
United States Department of Agriculture Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains Forest Rocky Mountain General Technical Service Research Station Report RMRS-GTR-335 November 2016 Bergdahl, Aaron D.; Hill, Alison, tech. coords. 2016. Diseases of trees in the Great Plains. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-335. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 229 p. Abstract Hosts, distribution, symptoms and signs, disease cycle, and management strategies are described for 84 hardwood and 32 conifer diseases in 56 chapters. Color illustrations are provided to aid in accurate diagnosis. A glossary of technical terms and indexes to hosts and pathogens also are included. Keywords: Tree diseases, forest pathology, Great Plains, forest and tree health, windbreaks. Cover photos by: James A. Walla (top left), Laurie J. Stepanek (top right), David Leatherman (middle left), Aaron D. Bergdahl (middle right), James T. Blodgett (bottom left) and Laurie J. Stepanek (bottom right). To learn more about RMRS publications or search our online titles: www.fs.fed.us/rm/publications www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/ Background This technical report provides a guide to assist arborists, landowners, woody plant pest management specialists, foresters, and plant pathologists in the diagnosis and control of tree diseases encountered in the Great Plains. It contains 56 chapters on tree diseases prepared by 27 authors, and emphasizes disease situations as observed in the 10 states of the Great Plains: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The need for an updated tree disease guide for the Great Plains has been recog- nized for some time and an account of the history of this publication is provided here. -
Participatory Approaches and Tools for SFM
Participatory Approaches and Tools for SFM Basic knowledge This module is intended for forest managers, project planners, facilitators of policy processes, extension agents, leaders of local forest groups, and members of multi-stakeholder platforms interested in applying participatory approaches and tools in SFM. It highlights the importance of participation as a key principle of SFM, identifies important issues to consider when actively engaging with key forest stakeholders, and provides links to relevant tools and case studies. Participation The term “participation” describes a spectrum of levels or forms of people’s engagement in decision-making processes (Table 1). At one end of the spectrum, individual members of a group or community are informed about decisions after they have been taken; at the other end, people are fully engaged in information, analysis and debate and are able to influence decisions. Table 1. Typology of participation in decision-making Form/level of participation Characteristic features Nominal participation Individual is a member of a group or community but takes no part in decision-making Passive participation Individual is informed of decisions ex-post facto; attends meetings and listens to decision-making without speaking up Consultative participation Individual is asked for opinions on specific matters, without a guarantee that such opinions will influence decisions Activity-specific participation Individual is asked (or volunteers) to undertake specific tasks in the decision-making process Active (collaborative) participation Individual expresses opinions, solicited or not, or takes other kinds of initiative Interactive (empowering) participation Individual has a voice and influences decisions In forestry, participatory processes are designed to enable local people to be part of decision-making in all aspects of forest management, including policy formulation. -
RSPB CENTRE for CONSERVATION SCIENCE RSPB CENTRE for CONSERVATION SCIENCE Where Science Comes to Life
RSPB CENTRE FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE RSPB CENTRE FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE Where science comes to life Contents Knowing 2 Introducing the RSPB Centre for Conservation Science and an explanation of how and why the RSPB does science. A decade of science at the RSPB 9 A selection of ten case studies of great science from the RSPB over the last decade: 01 Species monitoring and the State of Nature 02 Farmland biodiversity and wildlife-friendly farming schemes 03 Conservation science in the uplands 04 Pinewood ecology and management 05 Predation and lowland breeding wading birds 06 Persecution of raptors 07 Seabird tracking 08 Saving the critically endangered sociable lapwing 09 Saving South Asia's vultures from extinction 10 RSPB science supports global site-based conservation Spotlight on our experts 51 Meet some of the team and find out what it is like to be a conservation scientist at the RSPB. Funding and partnerships 63 List of funders, partners and PhD students whom we have worked with over the last decade. Chris Gomersall (rspb-images.com) Conservation rooted in know ledge Introduction from Dr David W. Gibbons Welcome to the RSPB Centre for Conservation The Centre does not have a single, physical Head of RSPB Centre for Conservation Science Science. This new initiative, launched in location. Our scientists will continue to work from February 2014, will showcase, promote and a range of RSPB’s addresses, be that at our UK build the RSPB’s scientific programme, helping HQ in Sandy, at RSPB Scotland’s HQ in Edinburgh, us to discover solutions to 21st century or at a range of other addresses in the UK and conservation problems. -
Manaus Letter: Recommendations for the Participatory Monitoring of Biodiversity
Manaus Letter: Recommendations for the Participatory Monitoring of Biodiversity Preamble Whereas local, indigenous and other traditional, natural resource dependent peoples throughout the world monitor biodiversity and natural resources on their lands, either independently or in collaboration with government, academia, and other civil society partners (‘participatory monitoring’); and Whereas many protected areas worldwide are inhabited or traditionally used by local and indigenous peoples and often have objectives related to securing the livelihoods of these stakeholders; and Whereas the impacts of increasing population pressures and climate change make it more urgent to monitor and manage resource use in these areas; and Whereas there is a wide range of objectives, arrangements, scales and targets among participatory monitoring initiatives, which will influence their methods and governance structure; and Whereas participatory monitoring is proven to be capable of providing accurate information at local and regional scales using both scientific, local and traditional knowledge methods; and Whereas such information has been used as the basis for successful management decisions, implemented either by local people, their organizations or the NGOs and/or government agencies with which they work; and Whereas it is known that participation by local people in monitoring can lead to effective decision making regarding sustainable resource management, relative to data collected solely in an academic context; and Whereas remote sensing technologies -
POPULATION DYNAMICS of the SYCAMORE APHID (Drepanosiphum Platanoidis Schrank)
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE SYCAMORE APHID (Drepanosiphum platanoidis Schrank) by Frances Antoinette Wade, B.Sc. (Hons.), M.Sc. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London, and the Diploma of Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine. Department of Biology, Imperial College at Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K. August 1999 1 THESIS ABSTRACT Populations of the sycamore aphid Drepanosiphum platanoidis Schrank (Homoptera: Aphididae) have been shown to undergo regular two-year cycles. It is thought this phenomenon is caused by an inverse seasonal relationship in abundance operating between spring and autumn of each year. It has been hypothesised that the underlying mechanism of this process is due to a plant factor, intra-specific competition between aphids, or a combination of the two. This thesis examines the population dynamics and the life-history characteristics of D. platanoidis, with an emphasis on elucidating the factors involved in driving the dynamics of the aphid population, especially the role of bottom-up forces. Manipulating host plant quality with different levels of aphids in the early part of the year, showed that there was a contrast in aphid performance (e.g. duration of nymphal development, reproductive duration and output) between the first (spring) and the third (autumn) aphid generations. This indicated that aphid infestation history had the capacity to modify host plant nutritional quality through the year. However, generalist predators were not key regulators of aphid abundance during the year, while the specialist parasitoids showed a tightly bound relationship to its prey. The effect of a fungal endophyte infecting the host plant generally showed a neutral effect on post-aestivation aphid dynamics and the degree of parasitism in autumn.