Breve Storia Del Comune Di Vogogna

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BREVE STORIA DEL COMUNE DI VOGOGNA Vogogna, comune della Bassa Ossola, era fino a qualche tempo fa, passaggio obbligato sulla strada per il Sempione. Dopo l'apertura della nuova SS 33, è ora fuori dalle grosse correnti di traffico: vale tuttavia la pena di imboccare lo svincolo che porta il suo nome , ed addentrarsi per il centro medievale del paese, alla ricerca della storia e delle sue suggestioni. Il nome di Vogogna compare per la prima volta in una pergamena legale del 970 d.C., ma dovranno passare ancora quasi quattrocento anni prima che esso assuma notevole importanza. Dopo il 1000, Vogogna diventa praticamente vassalla della vicina Vergonte, poi Pietrasanta. E' solo dopo la distruzione di quest'ultima (1328) a causa di una disastrosa alluvione, che diviene il centro della vita politico-amministrativa della Bassa Ossola e quindi sede della Giurisidizione dell'Ossola Inferiore che comprendeva le Quattro Terre: Masera, Trontano, Beura e Cardezza, conservandola fino al 1818 quando il mandamento passerà a Ornavasso. Il Borgo, oltre ad essere sede della Giurisdizione Civile, riveste nell'antichità anche una rilevante importanza militare, essendo collocato sulla strada che congiunge la pianura con Domodossola e il Vallese svizzero. Fra il XIV e il XVI secolo il Borgo prospera sotto la guida dei Visconti e dei Borromei, arricchendosi di costruzioni civili e militari. L'importanza strategica di Vogogna è confermata dall'essere sempre stato l'ultimo baluardo invitto contro le continue scorrerie degli svizzeri. La decadenza di Vogogna ha inizio sotto la dominazione spagnola prima e austriaca dopo: l'avvento di casa Savoia, salutato inizialmente con grandi speranze di rinascita, porta invece Vogogna a semplice comune e pone fine alla sua valenza storica. • 196 , una lapide testimonia la presenza romana a Vogogna. • 970 , primo atto notarile in cui compare il toponimo Vogogna. • 1014 , l’imperatore Arrigo II dona il contado dell’Ossola al vescovo di Novara. • 1328 , Vogogna diventa capitale dell’Ossola Inferiore dopo che vi si trasferiscono i superstiti di Vergonte, distrutta da un alluvione. Nel 1342 passa sotto il controllo dell’arcivescovo di Milano e viene destinata a baluardo a difesa del ducato. Nel 1348 i Visconti vi costruiscono il castello e ristrutturano mura e rocca. • 1375 , la rivalità tra Domodossola, capitale dell’Ossola Superiore, e Vogogna, culmina con il sacco di quest’ultima da parte degli avversari. Nel 1411 Vogogna respinge gli invasori svizzeri ma nel 1416 si allea con questi contro l’Ossola Superiore. • 1450-1535 , signoria degli Sforza. Sotto il governo dei Borromeo ( 1416-1600 ) Vogogna vive il suo periodo di splendore. • 1535-1706 , dominio spagnolo e decadenza di Vogogna. • 1706-1743 , dominazione austriaca. • 1743-1789 , Casa Savoia si impossessa dell’Ossola. • 1789-1814 , Vogogna è sotto la dominazione francese. • 1819 , Vogogna perde la giurisdizione sull’Ossola Inferiore e diventa semplice comune. .

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