Poland's Jewish Community Today: Looking Back, Moving Forward
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News Fall–Winter | 2002/3 News
OPEN SOCIETY SOROS FOUNDATIONS NETWORK NEWS FALL–WINTER | 2002/3 NEWS Democracy in Southeast Asia: A Hard Road Ahead OPEN SOCIETY NEWS EDITOR’S NOTE FALL– WINTER 2002/3 This issue of Open Society News highlights OSI’s efforts to promote democracy and open SOROS FOUNDATIONS NETWORK society and to eliminate the worst effects of globalization in Southeast Asia. While the CHAIRMAN stories on the following pages highlight problems, they also demonstrate how aspects George Soros of globalization, such as the increasing use of international law and greater cooperation PRESIDENT and communication among civil society organizations throughout the world, can help Aryeh Neier foster open society. EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT Stewart J. Paperin VICE PRESIDENT Southeast Asia is a region where some states have developed rapidly and raised living Deborah Harding standards by producing goods and resources for world markets and working with multi- OSI VICE PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR OF U. S . PROGRAMS national corporations. It is also a region where the forces of globalization have decimated Gara LaMarche the environment, fueled human rights abuses, and helped stifle the development of open SENIOR POLICY ADVISOR Laura Silber society by enriching and entrenching corrupt regimes. Open Society News Since 1994, OSI’s Burma Project has brought the world’s attention to the plight of the EDITOR Burmese people living under a tenacious military dictatorship, and helped prepare the William Kramer country for an eventual transition to democracy. It has supported numerous media and ASSISTANT EDITOR information efforts as well as a wide range of other programs in support of the demo- Sarah Miller-Davenport cratic opposition in exile. -
Konstanty Gebert Periodista [email protected] Late in April Each Year
WARS OF MIl:MORY Konstanty Gebert Periodista [email protected] RESUMEN El artículo analiza los puntos de vistas conflictivos de judíos y polacos sobre la Shoah y el impacto de la "Marcha por la Vida" desdc esas perspectivas. Sc comparan' los amargos debates históricos entre polacos y los judíos sobre las relaciones polaco-judías con las polé micas internas en Polonia después de la guerra; describe las erróneas percepciones mutuas comprometidas en ellas y postula una intensificación del debate. PALABRAS CLAVE: Polonia, Shoah (Holocausto), "Marcha por la vida". ABSTRAeT The article analyzes conflicting Polish and Jewish perspectives on the Shoah, and the im pact of the March of the Living on ¡hese perspectives. It compares the bitter historical debates between Poles and Jews on Polish-Jewish relations to intemal Polish polemics on post-war Polish history, describes mutual misperceptions involved, and postulatcs an intensification of the debate KEy WORDS: Poland, Shoah, March oflhe Living. Late in April each year, thousands of young Israeli and Diaspora Jews come to Auschwitz for the March of the Living. Surrounded by security men, they cover in silence the 6 kilorneters dividing the main camp from the remains of the gas chambers at Birkenau. The event roughly coincides both with the anniversary oflsrael's independence, and wíth that ofthe Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. It is a painful reminder of the background agaínst which -and somehow al so thanks to which, however odious it may sound- Israel carne into being. Irrespective of aH the political ends that have been attempted or gained through the use made of the March and of those two an niversaries, one point must be borne in mind both by Jews and non-Jews: Israel was brought into being because Europeans in Europe had exterrninated the Jewish nation. -
Dafh Ak Ashrus
ww VOL. s f / NO. 10 ELUL 5776 -TISHREI 5777/SEPT.-OCT. 2016 YOMIM NORAIM ISSUE THEDaf a K ashrus A MONTHLYH NEWS LETTER FOR THE OU RABBINIC FIELD REPRESENTATIVE JEWISH LIFE RETURNS TO POLAND ASK OU is Ready BAYLA SHEVA BRENNER STANDING on the site of the Warsaw Ghetto, it’s hard to believe that this very place where Jews fought to their deaths to preserve Jewish life, has now become the epicenter of a Jewish renaissance in Poland. But what is now even more astonishing is that some of its very leaders were often ignorant of their Jewish roots until later in life and sometimes were even raised as Catholics. Walk into Warsaw’s Nozyk Synagogue in Interior of Nozyk Synagogue - Warsaw, Poland Warsaw, the only shul that survived the Nazi ravages, and you’ll see that the shul is packed. ‘Jewish Poles’ are Jewish cemetery.’ His mother had been in the Warsaw Ghetto. Her coming for Torah classes, prayer services and Yom Tov celebrations – entire family was murdered. She never spoke about being Jewish until searching, desperately, for the heritage nearly lost to them. she was in her seventies. The last sentence of his eulogy: ‘Mother, Their ancestors were among the few thousand concentration camp now you are resting in the Jewish cemetery; you don’t have to be survivors who chose to remain in Poland after the war. Unfortunately, afraid anymore.’” their Jewish identities didn’t. For decades, they hid the truth, from In 1939, 3.3 million Jews lived in Poland. Today there are an esti- their Gentile spouses, their children, their grandchildren. -
Gazeta Spring 2019 Roman Vishniac (1897-1990) Albert Einstein in His Office, Princeton University, New Jersey, 1942
Volume 26, No. 1 Gazeta Spring 2019 Roman Vishniac (1897-1990) Albert Einstein in his office, Princeton University, New Jersey, 1942. Gelatin Silver print. The Magnes Collection of Jewish Art and Life, University of California, Berkeley, gift of Mara Vishniac Kohn, 2016.6.10. A quarterly publication of the American Association for Polish-Jewish Studies and Taube Foundation for Jewish Life & Culture Editorial & Design: Tressa Berman, Fay Bussgang, Julian Bussgang, Shana Penn, Antony Polonsky, Adam Schorin, Maayan Stanton, Agnieszka Ilwicka, William Zeisel, LaserCom Design. CONTENTS Message from Irene Pipes ............................................................................................... 2 Message from Tad Taube and Shana Penn ................................................................... 3 FEATURES The Road to September 1939 Jehuda Reinharz and Yaacov Shavit ........................................................................................ 4 Honoring the Memory of Paweł Adamowicz Antony Polonsky .................................................................................................................... 8 Roman Vishniac Archive Gifted to Magnes Collection of Jewish Art and Life Francesco Spagnolo ............................................................................................................ 11 Keeping Jewish Memory Alive in Poland Leora Tec ............................................................................................................................ 15 The Untorn Life of Yaakov -
Editorial for Gariwo Website
EDITORIAL “Ladies and gentlemen, on 4 June 1989 Communism in Poland ended” written by Annalia Guglielmi, 29 May 2009 The scenes of the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the cheering crowd running down Unter den Linden – which had us all glued to the television on 9 November 1989 – have remained in Europe’s memory as symbolic images of the fall of Communism in the countries of East Central Europe. That, however, was the conclusive moment of a democratization process started several months earlier. Few will remember that in actual fact the “iron curtain” had begun to give way in Poland with the elections of 4 and 18 June of the same year. On the twentieth anniversary of those events it is perhaps worth recalling the salient steps that led to radical changes in the lives of a good half of our continent. After the heroic deeds of Solidarność in 1980, the State of War declared by general Jaruzelski on 13 December 1981, and the imprisonment of almost all the historic leaders of the trade union movement, democratic opposition to the regime continued assiduously to operate underground: the number of articles published by the clandestine free press grew and the power base of the trade union continued to promote aggregation and solidarity among the workers. They were supported in this by the presence and advice of Poland’s leading intellectuals – from Jacek Kuroń to Adam Michnik, from Bronisław Geremek to Tadeusz Mazowiecki, just to mention a few – as well as by most Church circles. The period between 1982 and 1989 was one of great intellectual and social fervour and considerable social tension, which also led to friction within the ruling party. -
Facing History's Poland Study Tour Confirmed Speakers and Tour Guides
Facing History’s Poland Study Tour Confirmed Speakers and Tour Guides Speakers Jolanta Ambrosewicz-Jacobs, Director Center for Holocaust Studies at the Jagiellonian University Dr. Jolanta Ambrosewicz-Jacobs is the Director of the Center for Holocaust Studies at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. She received her Ph.D. in Humanities from Jagiellonian University. Dr. Ambrosewicz-Jacobs was a fellow at several institutions. She was a Pew Fellow at the Center for the Study of Human Rights at Columbia University, a visiting fellow at Oxford University and at Cambridge University, and a DAAD fellow at the Memorial and Educational Site House of the Wannsee Conference. She is also the author of Me – Us – Them. Ethnic Prejudices and Alternative Methods of Education: The Case of Poland and has published more than 50 articles on anti-Semitism in Poland, memory of the Holocaust, and education about the Holocaust. Anna Bando, President Association of Polish Righteous Among Nations The Association of Polish Righteous Among Nations was founded in 1985. Its members are Polish citizens who have been honored with the title and medal of Righteous Among the Nations. The goals of the society are to disseminate information about the occupation, the Holocaust and the actions of the Righteous, and to fight against anti-Semitism and xenophobia. Anna Bando, nee Stupnicka, together with her mother, Janina Stupnicka, were honored in 1984 as Righteous Among the Nations for their rescue of Liliana Alter, an eleven year old Jewish girl, from the Warsaw ghetto. The two smuggled her out of the ghetto as well as provided her false papers and sheltered her until the end of the war. -
Jpr / Report Institute for Jewish Policy Research September 2011
w jpr / report Institute for Jewish Policy Research September 2011 Jewish life in Poland: Achievements, challenges and priorities since the collapse of communism Konstanty Gebert and Helena Datner The Institute for Jewish Policy Research (JPR) is a London-based independent research organization, consultancy and think-tank. It aims to advance the prospects of Jewish communities in Britain and across Europe by conducting research and developing policy in partnership with those best placed to influence Jewish life. Authors Konstanty Gebert is an international reporter and columnist at Gazeta Wyborcza, Poland’s biggest daily, and an active member of the country’s Jewish community. He was a pro-democracy activist and organizer of the Jewish Flying University in the 1970s, and worked as an underground journalist in 1980s while Poland was under martial law. He is the founder of the Polish Jewish intellectual bi-monthly Midrasz and a board member of the Taube Centre for the Renewal of Jewish Life in Poland. He is the author of ten books, including some on post-war Polish Jewry. His essays have appeared in two dozen collective works in Poland and abroad, and his articles in many newspapers around the world. Helena Datner has a PhD in sociology and is an expert in modern Polish Jewish history, antisemitism and the contemporary Polish Jewish community. She served as head of the JDC-sponsored Jewish Culture Educational Centre in Warsaw for over ten years, and was chairperson of the Warsaw Jewish community from 1999-2000. She now works at the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw, and is responsible for the post-war gallery of the Museum of the History of Polish Jews which is currently being built. -
The Czech Conundrum – Post-Communist, Central European and Small
Reinvention of Europe Project The Czech conundrum – post-communist, Central European and small By Petr Drulak In recent years the Czech Republic has gained a reputation as a reluctant European. It waited until the last moment before ratifying the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, did not join last year’s Euro Plus Pact, and stayed away from the EU fiscal compact. This seems puzzling. Although not alone in dragging their feet or staying away from some European projects, this is unusual for relatively poor new members who view the EU as guarantor of democracy and prosperity. Just as it fired the euro-enthusiasm of Greece, Portugal, Spain and Italy, material benefit helps explain the interest of new EU members in joining the euro zone. It also motivates the Czech Republic, although it is often overruled by other factors. Three categorisations are particularly useful for explaining Czech calculations: it can be seen as small, post-communist and Central European. Each accounts for some political and societal tendencies that provide an insight into Czech behaviour within the EU. One reluctant yes and two no‘s The Czech Republic was the last EU member to ratify the Lisbon Treaty. Its then government, including both moderate eurosceptics and supporters of the EU, was more or less happy with it and, unlike the UK or Poland, did not demand any opt-outs. Public opinion was either indifferent to or mildly supportive. The greatest ratification challenge was not from a referendum, the parliament (it gave the Treaty solid backing), or the Constitutional Court (it found no fault). -
Poland Reconnects to Jewish Past with Museum - Nytimes.Com 8/30/13 10:35 AM
Poland Reconnects to Jewish Past With Museum - NYTimes.com 8/30/13 10:35 AM HOME PAGE TODAY'S PAPER VIDEO MOST POPULAR U.S. Edition Subscribe: Digital / Home Delivery Log In Register Now Help Search All NYTimes.com Europe WORLD U.S. N.Y. / REGION BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE HEALTH SPORTS OPINION ARTS STYLE TRAVEL JOBS REAL ESTATE AUTOS AFRICA AMERICAS ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE MIDDLE EAST WARSAW JOURNAL Log in to see what your friends are sharing Log In With Facebook Polish Museum Repairs a Tie to a Jewish Past on nytimes.com. Privacy Policy | What’s This? What’s Popular Now Gay Marriages Obama Set for Get Recognition Limited Strike on From the I.R.S. Syria as British Vote No Piotr Malecki for The New York Times Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, an Auschwitz survivor, right, at the new Jewish museum in Warsaw. By NICHOLAS KULISH Published: April 18, 2013 WARSAW — In the entryway of the new Jewish museum here this FACEBOOK MOST E-MAILED MOST VIEWED week, Poland’s chief rabbi unveiled an unusual sculpture: an old, TWITTER STATE OF THE ART hollowed-out brick engraved with a single Hebrew letter. 1. GOOGLE+ A Better Way to Bring Your Desktop to Your iPad The brick, an imaginative adaptation SAVE Related in Opinion 2. Gay Marriages Get Recognition From the of the traditional mezuza case that E-MAIL I.R.S. Op-Ed Contributor: The Jewish Jews put on their doorways as a sign Hero History Forgot (April 19, SHARE of their faith, came from a demolished 2013) 3. POGUE'S POSTS tenement building on Nalewki Street, PRINT Use the Airline's App, and Other Tips for Flying Efficiency Connect With once a vital part of Jewish Warsaw, REPRINTS Us on Twitter and it serves as an apt symbol of the 4. -
Taube Center Director Receives Prestigious Honor from Poland's
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: June 3, 2015 CONTACT: Samantha Friedman, West End Strategy Team [email protected]; 202-215-9260 Taube Center Director Receives Prestigious Honor from Poland’s Foreign Minister Helise Lieberman presented with Bene Merito Medal L to R: Bene Merito Award Recipients Jonathan Ornstein and Helise Lieberman; Minister of Foreign Affairs Grzegorz Schetyna; and Award Recipient, Chief Rabbi of Poland, Rabbi Michael Schudrich WARSAW – The director of the Taube Center for the Renewal of Jewish Life in Poland – Taube Philanthropies’ Warsaw branch – was yesterday awarded the prestigious Bene Merito Medal by the Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs Grzegorz Schetyna. Helise Lieberman was honored at a ceremony at the Foreign Ministry together with fellow honorees Chief Rabbi of Poland, Rabbi Michael Schudrich, and Executive Director of the JCC Kraków, Jonathan Ornstein. Each recipient received a medal and a plaque that reads, “For a friend of Poland in recognition for contributions made to the promotion and strengthening of the Republic of Poland on the international arena.” At the ceremony, Minister Schetyna thanked Lieberman, Schudrich and Ornstein for their contributions to advancing Polish-Jewish relations. 1 Lieberman has been engaged in Jewish educational and communal work since graduating from Brandeis University in 1979. As director of the Taube Center, she oversees Taube Jewish Heritage Tours, an educational tour program providing custom-made Jewish cultural tours to individuals, families, and groups, and Mi Dor Le Dor, a Jewish learning and leadership program for young professionals in diverse fields of Jewish education. Previously, she served as founding director of Warsaw’s Lauder Morasha Day School, as associate director of the European Association of Jewish Community Centers, and as program director at several Hillel Foundations in the New York metropolitan area. -
WARSAW 2018 the Project Is Supported By
>> WARSAW 2018 The project is supported by The 2018 Humanity in Action Fellowship in Warsaw is generously supported by the Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility and Future" (EVZ). The participation of Greek Fellows in Humanity in Action Programs internationally is generously supported by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation. This publication does not represent an expression of opinion by the Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility and Future" (EVZ), nor by the Stavros Niarchos Foundation. The authors bear responsibility for the content. Honorary Patronage Project partners Media Patronage 1 2018 TRIBUTE HUMAN RIGHTS RECONSIDERED THE BIRTH OF THE DISABLED PEOPLE'S MOVEMENT AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS. “Thanks to the people protesting at the Polish disabilities, over the course of several days, it Parliament, ‘disability’ gained face of specific transformed into a disability human rights and humans. The protesters have proved that people independent living movement. This is a historic with disabilities are not ‘incapable’ or moment for the disability community and Polish ‘dependent’. People with disabilities have society at large, disability studies experts state. agency and are determined as well as aware of For the first time since 1989, people with their rights and dignity.” – Dr. Adam Bodnar, disabilities are perceived as citizens who are Polish Ombudsman. capable of civil disobedience. Disability enacted by protesters as a political and social issue and Day 40 of the sit-in: not solely as a depoliticized medical and welfare matter became for some Poles a threat and for “I could not fall asleep last night – I was afraid others a symbol of empowerment. The for my life,” one of the protesters with protesters showed what (disability) human disability told the press. -
Poland 2020 International Religious Freedom Report
POLAND 2020 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary The constitution provides for freedom of religion. It states religion is a personal choice, and all churches and religious organizations have equal rights. A concordat with the Holy See defines relations with the Roman Catholic Church. Statutes and agreements determine relations between the government and 14 other religious groups. The law prohibits public speech offensive to religious sentiment. In July, the government moved to invalidate the registration of the Reformed Catholic Church for recognizing same-sex marriage after registering the group earlier in the year. Municipal authorities in the town of Jaslo proceeded with construction of a road running through what the Rabbinical Commission for Cemeteries identified as a Jewish cemetery and, after uncovering several graves, exhumed the bodies and reburied them in another cemetery over the opposition of the commission. The government decided 22 religious communal-property restitution cases out of 2,938 outstanding cases, compared with 151 cases decided in 2019. During the national presidential campaign, President Andrzej Duda and governing Law and Justice Party (PiS) Chairman Jaroslaw Kaczynski, as well as opposition politicians, expressed opposition to restitution for Jewish heirless property claims arising from the Holocaust era. Government-controlled media used anti-Semitic rhetoric during the presidential campaign in the spring and summer. Some opposition parliamentarians made anti-Semitic comments during the year. Senior government officials participated in Holocaust remembrance events. The government investigated 370 religiously motivated incidents in 2019 (the most recent data available), compared with 429 in the previous year. There were 182 anti-Semitic, 112 anti-Muslim, and 76 anti-Catholic incidents.