Transactions and Proceedings
of the Palaeontological Society of Japan
New Series No. 76
Palaeontological Society of Japan December lOth, 1969 Editor: Tokio SHIKA MA Associate Editors : Kiyotaka CHI NZE I a nd Noriy uki IK EY A
Officers for 1969- 1970
President: Fuyuji T AKA! Councillors (*Executives) : Kiyoshi ASA NO*, T etsuro HANA I* (Secretary), Kotora HATAI, Itaru HAYAM I, Koichiro IcHIK AWA , Taro KANAYA, Kametoshi KAN· MERA, Teiichi KOBAYASHI, Kenji KONISHI , Tamio KO TAKA , Tatsuro MATSU· MOTO*, Masao MINATO, Hiroshi OzAK I* (T reasurer ), Tokio SHIKAMA* , Fuyuji TAKA!* Executive Committee (Chairman: Fuy uji TAKA!) General Affairs: T etsuro HANA I, Takashi HAMA DA, Yasuhide IwASA KI Membership: Takashi HAMA DA Finance : Hiroshi OzAK I, Saburo KANN O Planning : Hiroshi OZAKI, Hiroshi UJIIE Publications Transactions : Tokio SHIKAMA , Kiyotaka CHI NZEI, Noriyuki IKEYA Special Papers: Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tomowo OzAWA " Fossils " : Ki yoshi ASAN O, Yokichi T AKAY ANAG I
Fossils on the cover is Gl oborotalia tnmcalulinoides (D'0RBIGNY, 1839). The photograph was taken on a scanning electron microscope, JEOL-JSM- 2, x 100.
All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Sole a gent : University of Tokyo Press Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N:S., No.' 76, pp. 165-176, pls. 18, 19, Dec. 10, 1969
558. LOWER CRETACEOUS AMMONITES FROM THE MIYAKO GROUP PART 3
SOME DOUVILLEICERATIDS FROM THE MIYAKO GROUP
IKUWO OBATA
Department of Paleontology, National Science Museum, Ueno, Tokyo
Tt:f~E3illi*'Ert!l~lltmi:7:/-t-71 r (.:f:-0) 3), 'E\t!lmtl'f.m£ douvilleiceratids: '§rt!l~ llH::EJi:i"":Q7 :/-t-7-1 r 0)? t,, Douvilleiceratidae f.!j.O) Eodouvilleiceras /If!, 2f!!U:: Dou villeiceras /If!, 1 f!ll~~t&Zimcll\X Lt.:. fiti1\ff'i.lfit~niTl}BO)J:t:f~ J:: tJ mi:t-H l.-, :fk'!!§'f'i.lfit~ni :IOCJ:l}M,Ga)lpi~ ~fl!~fCiPf::J-'""Ci~I:HT :Q. ;::_ O)EJi:I:HJII~/f:fCfWJT {5-~f'J:, Wl\'?'ti!!fC.t>I::J-:Q~p ID'U.l:tf.J(i"":Q C.~. ~:blsb'""Ci\ffll;flli¥JC:;li):Q. gg~O)~~Ht:.:fi D. mammillatum O);!EI:HfCJ:: tJ, ajjpF.ftJ: G U:fc .lfit~F.f:."OCJ:l}Bf'i.i;.:f:- G to Dr. Tetsuro HANAI of the University Introduction of Tokyo and to Dr. I taru HAY AMI of Some species of the Lower Cretaceous Kyushu University, for their kind co ammonites from the Miyako Group were operation in the field work and in vari· described in my previous papers (1967a, ous other ways. I desire to express my b). Subsequently (HANAI et a!., 1968) the sincere thanks to Professor Tatsuro stratigraphic division and succession of MATSUMOTO of Kyushu University, who selected species of ammonites from the had encouraged me during the course Miyako Group were shown in a table. of this study, shared his precious time On that occasion the Aketo Formation, with me in fruitful discussion, and fur the uppermost member of the Group, thermore made a critical review of the was provisionally assigned to the Lower first draft. Thanks are extended to Dr. Albian, without, however, definite indices. Hiroshi OZAKI and Miss Reiko FUSEJIMA In the present part, I describe three spe of the National Science Museum for their cies belonging to the family Douvillei help in many ways. Financial support ceratidae. The Douvilleiceratidae consist was defrayed by the Ministry of Educa of only a few genera but are important tion as the Grant in Aid for Scientific in that they are representative of the Researches. Douvilleicerataceae and comprise good index species of Aptian to Albian ages. Systematic Descriptions I wish to record here my cordial thanks Order Ammonoidea * Received April 1, 1969; read January 25, 1969, at Tokyo. Superfamily Douvilleicerataceae 165 166 1kuwo · 0BATA Family Douvilleiceratidae ward the venter. The ribs start from the umbilical shoulder, slightly concave_ · Subfamily Douvilleiceratinae P ARONA on the flank, and are very gently pro & BONARELLI, 1897 jected on the venter in younger stages, but in later stages they become straight, Genus Eodouvilleiceras CASEY, 1961. slightly prorsiradiate on the flank, and Type species.-Douvilleiceras horridum then radially cross the venter. The ribs RIEDEL, 1937 (designated by CASEY, 1961). are broad but very low, and are sepa Remarks.-CASEY (1961, p. 191) de· rated by interspaces which are nearly scribed concisely the diagnosis of the as wide as the ribs. The lirae are genus, to which a few species were discernible in the interspaces on the referred (1961, p. 191 ; 1962, p. 260). shell. There are eighteen ribs in a Recently, MATSUMOTO (1968, p. 143) de whorl of a late stage (e. g. NSM 7272), scribed a species of the genus from the but six in an earlier whorl (e. g. NSM Tomochi Formation, Kyushu. In this 7264). paper two species from the Miyako At the stage below 5 mm. in diameter, Group are described.· They came from a tubercle appears first on the most in flated part of the flank (e. g. NSM 7273). the upper part of the Upper Aptian~ In addition, a . ventro-lateral tubercle appears on the rib at about 7 mm. in Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi, sp. nov. diameter (e. g. NSM 7264), and lastly a tubercle appears on the umbilical end Pl. 18, figs. 2, 3, 5; Pl. 19, fig. 2; text-fig. 1. of the rib at about 16 mm. in diameter (i. e. NSM 7272). The lateral tubercles Holotype.-NSM 7272 from loc. Hn. are rather clavate in the young stage 4201 (0BATA coll.) .. between 5-8 mm in diameter (e. g. NSM Paratypes.-Two specimens, NSM 7269 7264 and 7272), but become conical later and 7281, from the type locality (OBATA (i. e. NSM 7272). ·In later stages there coiL}; NSM 7263 and 7264 from loc. Hn. are two ventro~lateral tubercles on each 4151 (OBA T A coll.) ; NSM 7268 from the rib, but lateral tubercle is sometimes same locality (HANAI coll.); IGPS 87145, absent. The ventro-lateral tubercles are a fragment, from loc. Hn. 4152 (YEHARA rather spinose and are nearly as large coiL). · as the lateral ones in later stages. The Description.-Whorls are much depres umbilical tubercles are much smaller sed and coronate, except for the young thart the lateral and ventro-lateral ones. which shows a rather cadicone stage The suture is rather simple. Follow below 10 mm. in diameter. The maxi ing WIEDMANN'S formula (1966, p. 34), mum thickness is at some distance it consists of EL(LvLd)U(UvUd)I. E is below the midflank. Width of umbilicu~ deep and of moderate breadth. L is the is fairly wide to moderate, decreasing broadest and is divided into Lv and Ld with growth. The umbilical wall is by a comparatively large, subquadrate high and steep near its base, becomes saddle. Lv is oblique, much smaller rounded upward, passing into a sub than E and is asymmetrically incised angular top, slightly above the umbilical with small folioles. Ld is smaller than shoulder, where the whorl is broadest. Lv and is oblique. U is asymmetrically The inflated flanks are convergent to- divided into Uv and Ud by a foliole. 558. Douvilleiceratids fro'rn ·the Miyako Group 167 lmm L___j ~~~,o~r~-~ u.s. v -.; \ u.s. Fig. 1. Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi sp. nov .. Suture of the holotype, NSM 7272, from the Hiraiga Formation, at whorl-height=3.8 mm, breadth=7.5 mm. Uv is small and situated on the outer and fairly large distance between two side of the umbilical seam. Ud is almost ventro-lateral tubercles. Since the suture vertical and deeper than Uv. I is fairly of the holotype of E. horridum is insuf narrow but larger than Ud. The first ficiently preserved and the incision of lateral saddle between E and L is the saddles is uncertain, an exact comparison tallest, massive, asymmetric in outline, cannot be expected between the two with a steeper ventral slope, multipar species under consideration. The main tite with several lobules, decreasing in difference between the Miyakoan and breadth toward the top. The saddle the Colombian species is the position of between L and U is subquadrate, and the lateral tubercles. In the described shallowly bipartite at the top. The species. the lateral tubercles are situated saddle between U and I is fairly high below the mid-flank, while in E. horridum and narrow. they are situated rather above the mid Remarks.-The holotype, the largest flank. of the present specimens, is much The described species is distinguished smaller than the hitherto known mature from Eodouvilleiceras n. sp. (?) aff. E. specimens of douvilleiceratids, but its horridum (RIEDEL) (MATSUMOTO, 1968, morphological features are distinguish p. 143, pl. 2, fig. 2a-d) from the Tomochi ed from the specimens of the known Formation, Kyushu, in that it has a sub species. angular, instead of rounded, top slightly Comparison.-The described specimens above the umbilical shoulder and the are closer to the holotype of Eodouvillei lateral tubercles which are situated in ceras horridum (RIEDEL) (1937, p. 29, pl. side the mid-flank. 6, figs. 1, 2) than to the specimen illust Eodouvilleiceras santafecinum (BURCK rated by CASEY (1962, p. 261, text-fig. HARDT) from Colombia has more numer 90), in the delicate and dense ribbing ous ribs (cf. DOUVILLE, 1906, pl. 1, figs. (18 per whorl), sharpness of tubercles 2, 2a) and more compressed whorl (cf. 168 lkuwo OBATA Measurements.*- Specimen Diameter Umbilicus Height Breadth B/H NSM 7272 20. 4(1) 7.8(0.38) 8.8(0.43) 13.3(0.65) 1. 51 •• (earlier stage) 14. 9(1) 6.2(0.42) 5.0(0.34) 9.4(0.63) 1. 88 NSM 7264 8.8(1) 4.0(0.45) 2.6(0.29) 5.4(0.61) 2.07 For comparison: H;:>btype of E. horridum [RIEDEL, 1937, p. 29] 1 68(1) c. 26(0. 38) c. 25(0. 37) 39(0.57) 1. 56 E. horridum from the Upper Aptian, near Bogota, Colombia [CAsEY, 1962, p. 261, estimated from text-fig. 90] 1 c. 54. 6(1) c. 21. 3(0. 39) c. 20. 0(0. 37) c. 30. 6(0. 56) 1. 53 E. badkhyzicum from the Turkmenia, U.S.S.R. [URMANOVA, 1962, p. 76] 1;28-14a 88(1) 33(0. 38) 35. 5(0. 40) 54(0. 61) 1. 52 1;28-146 84(1) 30.5(0.36) 33.6(0.40) 46.2(0.55) 1.38 lj28-14b 73. 5(1) 22. 9(0. 31) 27. 6(0. 38) 42(0. 57) 1. 52 1;28-14r 72(1) 24.6(0.34) 26. 7(0.37) 40(0.55) 1.49 228 40(1) 17. 7(0. 44) 13(0. 33) 24(0. 60) 1. 84 E. santafecinum [Cheloniceras boulei, BAssE, 1928, estimated from text-fig. 17 and pl. 8, fig. 4] Costal 92. 8(1) 34. 8(0. 38) 35. 7(0.38) 40.8(0.44) 1.14 Intercostal 91.4(1) 32.4(0.35) 30.3(0.33) 33.8(0.37) 1.11 E. santafecinum [Douvilleiceras stoliczkanum, DouviLLE, 1905, eatimated from pl. 1, fig. 2, 2a] 93.0(1) 28.9(0.31) 24.5(0.26) 30.8(0.33) 1. 25 BASSE, 1928, p. 140, text-fig. 17) than , ribs are more numerous and the lateral the described species. In E. santafecinum tubercles are situated somewhat farther the lateral tubercles are situated evident outside than in the described species. ly outside the mid-flank. The width of umbilicus and the ratio of The suture line of the described spe breadth to height are similar between cies is very similar to that of Eodou the Russian and the Miyako specimens. villeiceras clansayense (JACOB) (p. 414, Occurrence.-Loc. Hn. 4201, a calcare text-fig. 6) in the general outline, the ous concretion at Tairajima, southeast incision of saddles, etc. The two species of Omoto village. In addition to this are similar also in the width of umbili species, Diadochoceras nodosocostatiforme cus and the ratio of breadth to height. (SHIMIZU), Eodouvilleiceras sp., Eotetra However, they are clearly distinguished gonites sp., Uhligella matsushimensis by the sharpness of ornamentation and (SHIMIZU), Pseudohaploceras (?) sp. and the position of tubercles. Hypophylloceras sp. occur at the same In Eodouvilleiceras · badkhyzicum (UR locality. MANOVA) (1962, p. 76, text-figs. 1, 2) the Loc. Hn. 4151, calcareous concretions in the upper fossiliferous bed at Matsu * Measurements are in mm. shima, southeast of Omoto village. In 558. Douvilleiceratids from the Miyako Group 169 addition to this species, Diadochoceras mm. in diameter, whorls are depressed, nodosocostatiforme (SHIMIZU), Eodouvil showing coronate section, with point of leiceras sp., Valdedorsella getulina (Co maximum thickness moving in course QUAND), Melchiorites yabei (SHIMIZU), of growth from nearly middle of the Hypophylloceras sp. and Hamites sp. flank toward umbilical margin. Width occur at the same locality. of umbilicus is fairly narrow at about Loc. Hn. 4152, a calcareous concretion 20 mm. in diameter, being nearly a in the middle fossiliferous bed at Matsu quarter of the diameter. But it is shima. moderate at about 7 to 8 mm., being The above localities are all in Shimo 35% of the total diameter. Umbilicus hei County, Iwate Prefecture. They are is bounded by rather high and steep in the upper portion of the lower part wall, though rounded well at rim. The of the Hiraiga Formation; Uppermost flanks are rounded, and the venter is Aptian. very gently arched. The ribs are straight, radial or slightly reclined, fairly broad and very low, rare Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. ly short, and are separated by inter E. matsumotoi OBA T A spaces which are wider than or nearly Pl. 18, figs. 1, 4, 6; pl. 19, fig. 1 ; as wide as the ribs. Ribs are variable text-figs. 2, 3. in strength ; the shorter ones terminate just above the umbilical margin. Faint Mate1·ial.-NSM 7261 from loc. Hn. lirae are occasionally discernible on the 4151 (OBA T A coli.). Four immature spe interspaces. There are 12 ribs per cimens, NSM 7265-7267, from loc. Hn. whorl. In the very young specimens at 4151 (HANAI coli.), NSM 7278 from the about 7 to 8 mm. in diameter, ribs are same locality (OBATA coli.), NSM 7270 distinct, counting 6 to 8 within a whorl, from loc. Hn. 4201 (OBATA coli.) are and separated by interspaces wider than .comparable to the present species. the ribs, and lirae are rather sharp be Description.-In the stage less than 20 tween the ribs. E Lv Ld Uv ,- ..... ? ,' I ~;---S lmm I U.Sh. u.s. Fig. 2. Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. E. matsumotoi 0BATA. NSM 7261, from the Hiraiga Formation, at whorl-height=4.4 mm, breadth=7.4 mm. ,170 lku.w!> 0BATA E L 0. 5 mm L__j (a) Fig. 3. Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. E. matsumotoi OBATA. NSM 7266, from the Hiraiga Formation. a: at whorl-height=3.0 mm, breadth=4.4 mm. b: at whorl-height=l.8 mm, breadth=2.8 mm. Each rib has two conical and approxi ameter, ventral tubercles are bullate mated tubercles on the venter. Lateral whereas lateral ones are conical. And, tubercles on the part where the thick sometimes from the lateral tubercles a ness is maximum are a little smaller lira projects. and less than the ventral tubercles. Simple sutures of douvilleiceratid type Umbilical tubercles, though indistinct, are poorly preserved. In a young spe begin to appear at the stage of about cimen, e. g. NSM 7266, the suture is 20 mm. in diameter. In the very young simple and the first lateral saddle is specimens at about 7 to 8 mm. in di- comparatively broad and low. Measurements.- Specimen Diameter Umbilicus Height Breadth B/H NSM 7261 20.5(1) 5.6(0.27) 9. 2(0. 45) 11. 9(0. 58) 1. 29 (deformed) NSM 7261 17. 3(1) 4. 4(0. 25) 7.1(0. 41) 10. 0(0. 58) 1. 40 costal (1/4 vol. earlier) 6. 4(0. 37) 8. 7(0.50) 1. 35 inter- costal NSM 7262 9.8 15.5 1. 58 costal 8.9 13.8 1. 55 inter- costal NSM 7266 7.9(1) 2. 8(0. 35) 3. 2(0. 41) 4. 4(0. 55) 1. 38 NSM 7267 6. 8(1) 2. 4(0. 35) 2.6(0.38) 3. 9(0. 57) 1. 50 558. Douvilleiceratids from the Miyako Group 171 Remarks.-The described specimens Furthermore, there is no distinct umbili have features that seem to suggest a cal tubercle in the Miyako specimens at new species, but I hesitate to propose a about 20 mm. in diameter. In these new specific name for the reasons given points the specimen illustrated by CASEY below. agrees well with the holotype of E. Comparison.-The species resembles horridum. · Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi OBA T A, in The described species is distinguished the simple ribbing, mammilliform but from Eodouvilleiceras n. sp. (?) aff. E. undivided ventral tubercles, depressed horridum (RIEDEL) (MATSUMOTO, 1968, whorls, as well as the general pattern p. 143, pl. 2, fig. 2a-c), from the Tomo of sutures. The present species has chi Formation of Kyushu. In the former more coarse and less numerous ribs and the ribs are less crowded, the flanks are nodes than E. matsumotoi. The former more rounded, the umbilicus is probably has a short distance between the two narrower, and the distance between the ventral tubercles, while the latter has a two ventral tubercles is shorter than in large distance between the two ventro the latter. lateral tubercles. In the latter there is In lateral view the described speci a subangular top slightly above the mens considerably resemble one of the umbilical shoulder and the umbilicus is French specimens described and illust wider and the whorl is more depressed rated by jACOB as Douvilleiceras clan than the former. sayense (1905, p. 413, pl. 13, fig. 4a-c), There is, however, a peculiar frag in the coarseness and density of ribbing, mentary specimen which seems to be absence or weakness of umbilical tuber intermediate between the two species cles, and in the douvilleiceratid type in question. The example is NSM 7262, suture. In the French specimen the in which the flanks are rounded, show lateral tubercles are situated outside ing the character of the present species, the mid-flank, while in the japanese but has fairly delicate ornaments and specimens they are situated inside the has a large distance between the two mid-flank. Furthermore, the French ventro-lateral tubercles. In short, the specimen as estimated from fig. 4a-b is species des.cribed here probably repre similar to E. horridum in showing 40% sents a new species related to E. matsu of the umbilicus to the whole diameter, motoi. The establishment of the new and having 1.6 ratio of whorl breadth species is, however, suspended until to height. Thus, the French specimen more specimens are obtained. The pre is dissimilar to the japanese specimens sent species also resembles E. horridum in dimensions. (RIEDEL, 1937, p. 29; pl. 6, figs. 1, 2; pl. Eodouvilleiceras santafecinum (BURCK 14, fig. 11) from the Upper Aptian of HARDT), described by BASSE as Cheloni Colombia. Above all, our specimens are ceras boulei (1928, p. 139, text-fig. 17, pl. similar to the specimen mentioned by 8, fig. 4) from the uppermost Aptian of CASEY (1962, p. 261, text-fig. 90) in that Colombia has denser ribbing and a the distance between the two ventral longer distance between the two ventral tubercles is short and the ribs are tubercles than the Miyako specimens, coarse. The Colombian specimen has, and has distinct umbilical tubercles. In however, a wider umbilicus and some the former the lateral tubercles are what more depressed whorls than ours. clearly situated farther outside than 172 lkuwo OBATA ours. Furthermore, the South American east ef Omote vill~tge, Shimohei County, species, as seen in the figures, . has a Iwate Prefecture. They are in the up wider umbilicus and much compressed per portion of the lower part of the whorl. In these points the specimen Hiraiga Formation; Uppermost Aptian. described and illustrated by DouviLLE as Douvilleiceras stoliczkanum (1906, pl. Genus Douvilleiceras GROSSOUVRE, 1893 1, fig. 2, 2a) somewhat approaches to the Miyako sp.ecimens. Anyhow, E. Type species.-Ammonites mammillatus santafecinum seems to be largely dif SCHLOTHEIM, 1913. ferent from the species from the Miyako Synonymy.-Trinitoceras SCOTT, 1940. Group. Diagnosis.-The genus was clearly de Eodouvilleiceras badkhyzicum (URMA fined by CASEY (1962, p. 260). NOVA) (1962, p. 76, text-figs. 1, 2) from Remarks.-The well-known species, the Upper Aptian of Turkmenia, U.S.S.R., Douvilleiceras mammillatum (SCHLO has denser ribbing than the specimens THEIM), has now proved to occur in the from Miyako. In the Russian species Miyako Group. The beds that yielded the umbilical tubercles are distinct and the species are stratigraphically higher the lateral tubercles seem to be situated than the Eodouvilleiceras localities, but outside the mid-flank, while they are no transitional material is available at somewhat inside it in the latter. As present. MATSUMOTO (1968, p. 144) has already pointed out, Eodouvilleiceras badkhyzicum Douvilleiceras mammillatum (URMANOVA) closely resembles the halo (SCHLOTHEIM) type of E. horridum (RIEDEL) (1937, pl. 6, figs. 1, 2) in the depressed whorl, Pl. 19, figs. 3, 5. moderate width of umbilicus, and in the Synonymy*.- sharpness and density of ribs and tuber 1813. Ammonites mammillatus ScHLOTHEIM, cles. Thus, the former may fall in the Taschenb. gesam. Miner., 7, Abt. 1, p. variation of the latter, even if the minor 111. difference in number of ribs is taken 1962. Douvilleiceras mammillatus (ScHLO into consideration. THEIM), CAsEY, Palaeont. Soc., vol. Occurrence.-Loc. Hn. 4151, a calcare 116, no. 499, p. 265, pl. 40, figs. 4, 5 ; ous concretion in the upper fossiliferous pl. 41, figs. 4a, b, 5-7, Sa, b; pl. 42, bed at Matsushima. In addition to this figs. 6, 9a, b, lOa, b ; text-figs. 94a-e, species, Valdedorsella getulina (COQUAND), 95a, b, 102a-c. · Melchiorites yabei (SHIMIZU), Diadocho Material.-A deformed adult specimen, ceras nodosocostatiforme (SHIMIZU), Eo NSM 7274, from a boulder probably douvilleiceras matsumotoi OBATA, Hypo derived from loc. Hn. 6200 (OBATA and phylloceras sp. and Hamites sp. occur in KANEKO coil.). A deformed adult frag the same concretion. ment, NSM 7275 from Joe. Hn. 6203 Loc. Hn. 4201, a calcareous concretion (OBATA coil.). A few young specimens in the sandstone at Tairajima. In addi of douvilleiceratids are also examined; tion to this species, Diadochoceras (?) sp. and Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi OBA TA . * For a full list of synonymy of D. mam occur in the same concretion. millatum, see CASEY, 1962, p. 265-266, 271, The above localities are in the south- 272. 558. Douvilleiceratids from the Miyako Group 173 for example, NSM 7276 probably derived them are long, but some are shorter from Joe. Hn. 6200 (OBAT A coli.). than the others and terminate just Description.-Whorls are fairly or much above the umbilical margin. Ribs are depressed, rather polygonal in section, variable in strength. with maximum breadth at the umbilical Ventral tubercles are subacute, rather margin. Umbilicus is moderately wide, conical, and the distance between each nearly one·third diameter, bounded by two on the same rib is fairly small. high, generally smooth and almost ver Umbilical tubercles are small and rather tical wall, which passes into a rounded bullate. Between the ventral and the umbilical shoulder. umbilical tubercles, there are several Ribs are numerous and closely spaced, rows of lateral tubercles which are small counting thirty-two per whorl in NSM and mammillary. 7274 and ten per one-fourth whorl in Suture lines are incompletely pre NSM 7275. They are straight, almost served. A suture on the earlier part radial, and separated by interspaces of the shell is rather simple but with nearly as narrow as the ribs. Most of minor incisions of moderate size. Measurements.- Specimen Diameter Umbilicus Height Breadth B/H NSM 7274 77. 7(1) 29.3(0.38) 26.8(0.34) 41. 9(0. 53) 1. 53 NSM 7274 48. 6(1) 14. 6(0. 30) 23. 0(0. 47) 32. 9(0. 68) 1. 43 (1/ 4 vol. earlier) Remarks.-CASEY (1962, p. 265-274) de The lateral tubercles of the two speci scribed precisely the character and vari mens are less prominent than in typical ation of D. mammillatum. A few speci D. mammillatum. Thus, the Japanese mens from the Miyako Group are refer specimens are closer to D. mammillatum red to this species, although there are var. aequinodum which has about thirty minor individual differences. five ribs at 100 mm. in diameter. Comparison.-Of the two named varie Occurrence.-Loc. Hn. 6200, a muddy, ties of D. mammillatum described by calcareous fine-grained sandstone at Hi CASEY, D. mammillatum var. aequinodum raname on the northeastern coast of seems to be closest to the specimens Tanohata village, Shimohei County, Iwa from Miyako. In NSM 7274 the ribs te Prefecture. In addition to this spe are more closely spaced than those of cies, Calliphy!loceras sp., Phyllopachy the typical form of D. mammillatum. ceras (?) sp., Valdedorsella sp., Desmo There are about thirty-two ribs in the ceras sp., Hulenites sp., Pseudoleymeriella former at 78 mm. in diameter, whereas sp., Pictetia sp., Ptychoceras sp., and twenty-two in the typical specimen, e. g. other heteromorph ammonites occur at BM. C 12491, neotype, at 79 mm in di the same locality. Caenholectypus peri ameter (estimated from CASEY, 1962, pl. doneus (NISHIYAMA) is abundant there. 41, fig. 4a, b). Estimating from the pre The sandstone is in the upper part of served adult fragment, NSM 7275, the the Aketo Formation; Lower Albian. number of ribs seems to be about forty Loc. Hn. 6203, alternation of fine per whorl at about 90 mm. in diameter. grained muddy sandstone and sandy 174 Ikuwo OBATA mudstone at Hiraname. The specimen mation ; Uppermost part of the Hiraiga. was obtained from the sandy mudstone. For!1fation] In addition to this species, Hypophyllo Occurrence of Eodouvilleiceras in the ceras (?) sp., Melchiorites (?) sp., Hule Upper Aptian of Colombia, Russia, nites (?) sp., Ptychocera's sp., and other France, California and Venezuela is heteromorph ammonites occur at the mentioned by CASEY (1961, p. 191; 1962, same locality. Hemiaster sp. is abun p. 261, 263). In Japan, Eodouvilleiceras dant. The mudstone is in the upper n. sp. (?) aff. E. horridum (RIEDEL) is most part of the Hiraiga Formation; reported from the Tomochi Formation Lower Albian. of Kyushu (MATSUMOTO et al., 1968). Thus, Eodouvilleiceras seems to be fair ly common in the circum-Pacific region Concluding Remarks as well as in Europe and other regions. Summarizing the result I list below Douvilleiceras mammillatum (SCHLO the species of the douvilleiceratids from THEIM) is a well-known species and is the Miyako Group which have been regarded as an important index of the described above. The stratigraphic po upper part of the Lower Albian in sition of each ' species is indicated in England (CASEY, 1961). The distribution brackets. of Douvilleiceras seems to be world-wide and the occurrence of Douvilleiceras is (1) Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi OBATA sp. limited mostly to the Lower Albian ex nov. [Upper portion of the lower part cept for a few species that survived of the Hiraiga Formation] into the Middle Albian (CASEY, ·1962, p. (2) Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. E. 263). matsumotoi 0BA TA [Upper portion of the lower part of the Hiraiga Forma Stratigraphically speaking, the three tion] species described above came from a (3) Douvilleiceras mammillatum (SCI'ILOT limited sequence of the Miyako Group.· HEIM) [Upper part of the Aketo For- Two species of Eodouvilleiceras occur Explanation of Plate 18 Figs. 1, 4, 6 . . Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. E. matsumotoi OBATA. Fig. 1. NSM 7266, very young specimen, x3. Ventral (a), lateral (b) and frontal (c) views. Fig. 4. NSM 7262, specimen intermediate between the present species and E. matsumotoi, x 2. Lateral (a, c) and ventral (b) views. Fig. 6. NSM 7261, largest specimen, x 2. Lateral (a, b) and ventral (c) views. Figs. 2, 3, 5. Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi 0BATA, sp. nov·. Fig. 2. NSM 7264, paratype, x3. Lateral (a, b) views with whitening. Ventral (c), lateral (d, f) and frontal (e) views without whitening. Fig. 3. NSM 7268, paratype, ;<3. Lateral (a), frontal (b) and ventral (c) views. Fig . .5. NSM 7272, holotype, ;,.:2 .. Lateral (a, c), frontal (b) and ventral (d) views and cross-section (e). All photos without whitening unless stated otherwise. NSM·: Department of Paleontology, National Science Museum, Tokyo. 0 BA TA : Douvilleice1·atids jTom th e Miyalco G1·oup Plate 18 558. Douvilleiceratids from the Miyako Gro1tp 175. 'In the upper portion of the lower part Mbn. Carte geol. det. France (1893), 264 ·Of the Hiraiga Formation, while no spe pp., 39 pls. ·cimens of Douvilleiceras have been found HA:-IAI, T., 0BATA, I. and HAYAMI, I. below the upper level of the upper part, (1968): Notes on the Cretaceous Miya ke Group. Mem. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, from which only one specimen has been 1, pp. 20-28, pls. 1-4. (In Japanese with oQbtained. In the overlying Aketo For English abstract). mation, several specimens of Douvillei JACOB, C. (1905) : Etude sur les ammonites .ceras have been obtained. This sequence et sur !•horizon stratigraphique du gise ·Of the douvilleiceratid species in the ment de Clansayes. Bull. Soc. geol. Miyako Group is interesting. Thus, the France, (4), 5, pp. 399-432, pls. 12-13. whole Aketo Formation and the upper MATSUMOTO, T., KAN!viERA, K. and SAI Aketo nf] -p Omoto 1]' * Hiraiga :lf-;l:l:jl Shimohei TJ¥JW Hiraname -'JZilt I§ Tairajima :if- Jh Matsushima tL\ iJh Tanohata IE!I!Hffi Miyako {!!; i1 Tomochi m m 176 Ikuwo OBATA Explanation of Plate 19 Fig. 1. Eodouvilleiceras sp. nov. (?) aff. E. matsumotoi OBATA. NSM 7267, very young specimen, x3. Ventral (a), lateral (b, d) and frontal (c) views_ Fig. 2. Eodouvilleiceras matsumotoi 0BATA, sp. nov. IGPS 87145, fragmentary specimen, x 2. Ventral view. Figs. 3, 5. Douvilleiceras mammillatum (SCHLOTHEIM) Fig. 3. NSM 7274, deformed adult specimen, xl. Lateral (a, b), frontal (c) and ventral;_ (d) views. Fig. 5. NSM 7275, deformed fragmentary specimen, xl. Ventro-lateral view. Fig. 4. Douvilleiceras (?) sp. NSM 7276, fragmentary young specimen, x 2. Ventral view. All photos without whitening. NSM: Department of Paleontology, National Science Museum,. Tokyo. IGPS: Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai. OBATA : Douvilleiceratids j1·om the Miyako G1·oup Plate 19 la lb Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 76, pp. 177-184, pl. 20, Dec. 10, 1969 559. A NEW AMMONITE FROM THE SHIMANTOGAWA GROUP OF SHIKOKU* T ATSURO MATSUMOTO Department of Geology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka and MOTOME HIRATA Museum of Geology, Kochi Prefecture IZ9Giil O)im7J-TJilm~¥ff/t0)7 :/.:C :r 1 H'-lfH): il1Ji?;-nW\ ±itcm~#O) II97J-T1g=iP G $1d: f::)S Q2:ht-.:: 7 :/-'£:- 7-1 r fi Dipoloceras (Diplasioceras) f:::.}fi; J.__, P,;t?inflliO) c'hc t !KlJI]l:· ~ 0 ffl~·ltti!~;i; 0 O)l:·, llfrfill c VCITcil&T 0 o (:. 0) 7 :/.:C :T 1 HiiJ<)"C¥~15-2: ht-.:: ±t-4: i!i;JI: LIJftO) Dipoloceras aff. fredericksburgense c c t f::, Tl}~E!!IF.:;f- 7 11--l!7 :/0) l'j:l)tll~ :if; To Utf:::.rwliili l--c. v':b~0~LIJ~ c1it:il5'rHIII'Il'i c O)I'VJlj*f:::.-::>v'"CO)PJ~l§t.J:-WrfR~~cT o ~ t-.:: t 0)~~~:: lm7J-rJ IJ}IDO):f{t'fJr!J;{t;lf:::. -::>v'"C, 7 :/.:C :T 1 r O)~til!.i7' G 0) ~f1¥~]Zi!""0 o Jlt mt.J:1t:tJ~)S~ t.-'i'k: strata and for the interpretation of Introduction sedimentary conditions. Therefore en The Shimantogawa Group is distri deavour has been paid in searching out buted extensively in the southern part ammonoids. of the Outer Zone of Southwest japan. Since one of us (MATSUMOTO et al., It consists mainly of shale and sand 1952), together with coauthors, described stone in various grades of thickness Cretaceous ammonites from the Shiman and has occasional interbeds or lentils togawa Group of Shikoku several more of· conglomerate, basaltic lava, tuffite, ammonites have been reported from the chert and limestone. While trace fossils same group and its extension. The of the flysch type are frequently found hitherto identified species are Aptian in the strata of the group, the mega Cheloniceras sp. aff. C. minimum CASEY fossils are generally rare. Ammonites and Cheloniceras shimizui NAKAI and are specially scarce, but they are valu HADA (1966), Middle Albian Dipoloceras able for the age-determination of the sp. aff. D. fredericksburgense SCOTT (MATSUMOTO et al., 1952), Upper Albian * Received May 8, 1969; read June 15, 1969. (?) Stoliczkaia japonica (MATSUMOTO, 177 178 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Motome HIRATA 1952)* and Neophlycticeras (?) sp. (frag Palaeontological Description ment from Nii, recently found by N. NON AKA** and identified by T. M.), Superfamily Acanthocerataceae Turonian Collignoniceras (Selwynoceras) sp. nov. (?) (MATSUMOTO et a!., 1966), Family Brancoceratidae SPATH, 1933 Campanian Maorites sp. (undescribed Genus Dipoloceras HYATT, 1900 specimens found by Y. YuASA from Ni shi, Jobe, Ehime Prefecture, identified Subgenus Diplasioceras VAN HoEPEN, 1946 by T. M.), Maastrichtian Diplomoceras cf. notabile (WHITEAVES) (listed and illust Type species.-Diplasioceras fall ax VAN rated by KATTO, 1961) and Gaudryceras HOEPEN, 1946. ( Vertebrites) kayei (FORBES) (KATTO, Remarks.-Diplasioceras was set up by 1961 ; Suy ARI et a!., 1967). In addition VAN HOEPEN (1946, p. 203) for a single several species of Coniacian ammonites species D. fallax VAN HOEPEN (1946, p. had already been reported (YEHARA, 203, figs. 178-181), from the Albian of 1924; Y ABE, 1927) from the Uwajima South Africa. The generic diagnosis Group, which is situated in the Shimanto was given as follows : " Keeled ammo belt but used to be separated from the nites of the Gault. Young forms with Shimantogawa Group on account of par rectangular section and with flat flanks. ticular litho- and biofacies. The young forms have no old mouth On January 12th, 1969, Messrs Kiyo edges. There are umbilical tubercles haru HASEGAWA and Takao SHIOMI from where ribs are visible. Older discovered an interesting specimen of whorls with spiral ornament. Ribs on ammonit~ from a locality about 10 km younger whorls round and nearly southeast of Sakawa and about 15 km straight. There is no ventral tubercle southwest of Kochi (Fig. 1). They on young whorls, but the ventral ends kindly presented it to one of us (M. H.). of the ribs are broadened. The ribs of After HIRATA's preliminary study it later whorls are sharp and they project was forwarded to the other of us ventrally." (T. M.). We describe in this paper a COLLIGNON (1949, p. 23) treated Dipla result of our study of the ammonite to. sioceras as a subgenus of Dipoloceras enrich the available information. HYATT, 1900 [type-species Ammonites Before going further we wish to thank cristatus DELUC in BRONGNIART, 1822] and Mr. Masafumi ARITA and Dr. Itaru HA described D. (Diplasioceras) hirtzi CoL YAMI for their kind help and discussion. LIGNON (1949, p. 24, pl. 3, figs. 2, 3; text Miss Yuko WADA assisted us in drafting. fig. 7), D. (Diplasioceras) besairiei CoL LIGNON (1949, p. 25, pl. 3, fig. 4; text-fig. * This was identified with Kazanskyella 8) and D. (Diplasioceras) sp. aff. frede with a query. It is very close to Stoliczkaia ricksburgense SCOTT (COLLIGNON, 1949, notha (SEELEY, 1865) (see .SPATH, 1931, p. p. 26, pl. 4, fig. 1 ; pl. 6, fig. 2, text-fig. 335, text-fig. 110; pl. 31, figs. 5, 6, 8, 11 ; pl. 9) from the Albian of Madagascar. Sub 32, fig. 6) but is distinguished by less projec tion of the ribs on the septate whorl. (T.M.) sequently he added one more species, D. ** I thank Dr. T. KoBAYASHI and Mr. Nao (Diplasioceras) horridum CoLLIGNON (1963, haru NoNAKA who kindly put the specimen p. 148, pl. 300, figs. 1298, 1299). Accord .at my disposal. (T.M.) The specimen is now ing to COLLIGNON (1963) these Madagas in the posession of N. NoNAKA in Sakawa. car· species occur in the zone of Dipolo- 559. Ammonite from the Shimantogawa Group 179 ceras cristatum. cal bullae and ventrolateral thickening. In the monograph of the Texas Mojsi· Some of them are simple and others sovicziinae YouNG (1966) regarded Dipla bifurcated. sioceras VAN HOEPEN as a synonym of In the succeeding stage, with diame Dipoloceras. ters from 20 mm to 55 mm, the ribs are I agree with COLLIGNON (1946; 1963) rounded, more or less flexuous, numer and WRIGHT (1957) in treating Diplasio ous and separated by interspaces which ceras as a subgenus of Dipoloceras, are nearly as narrow as the ribs. Every accepting the subgeneric diagnosis de second or third rib is more flexuous than scribed in the Treatise. others, showing a stronger backward curve on the inner half of the flank and then a forward curve on the outer half. Dipoloceras (Diplasioceras) tosaense It has a bifurcated or intercalated shorter sp. nov. rib in front of it. Every rib has a ventrolateral thickening or weak tuber Pl. 20, Fig. la-c cle. Some, if not all, of the long ribs Holotype.-M. HIRATA Collection No. are somewhat elevated near the umbili 7002 (internal mould) and No. 7003 (ex cal margin, forming umbilical bullae. ternal mould), now preserved at the Geo On the whorl of this stage the spiral logical Museum in Makino Botanical ornaments become distinct, crossing the Garden, Kochi. No other specimens are radial ribs. available. The succeeding outer whorl is unfortu Specific characters.-As the specimen nately deficient in its earlier part, where is secondarily compressed, the following only the tendency toward more spacing measurements show approximate and of the ribs can be discernible. In the apparent dimensions (in millimeters) : last part of the outer whorl the ribs are sharply elevated and distinct, being diameter: 89.0 (1), umbilicus=32.0 (.36), separated by much wider interspaces. height= 34.5 (.39), breadth> 13.5 X 2 = They are mostly long, only slightly 27.0 (.30). flexuous or nearly straight, and have The whorl is rather evolute but fairly occasionally intercalated shorter ones. rapidly increases its height and accord They are elevated more strongly at the ingly the umbilicus is of moderate width. umbilical shoulder and at the ventro The inner whorls are rather compressed, lateral edge and remarkably projected with flat flanks and low and steep um on the venter. Some of the ribs are bilical wall. The outer whorl has more stronger than others, if not remarkably convex flanks and rounded umbilical flared. The spiral ornaments are distinct shoulders. The ventral keel is promi on the ribs but the interspaces are cov nent, bordered on either side by a ered with radial lirae. The apertural sulcus, and on the outer whorl it is margin is more sigmoidal than the ribs. below the level of the ventrolateral ends The sutures, which are imperfectly of rib. exposed, are probably of Dipoloceras The ribs begin to appear at about the type. diameter of 5 mm and are for about a Comparison.-Although a single speci whorl crowded and flattened on the men is available, it is so distinctive that main part of the flank and have umbili- it can be regarded as representing a new 180 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Motome HIRATA species. ens e. The present species is certainly refer Occurrence.-The described specimen red to the subgenus Diplasioceras, be came from a layer of greenish dark cause its inner whorls are flat-sided and grey shale in a formation (called the have umbilical and weak ventrolateral Hayama Formation) of shale with inter tubercles and its outer whorl has convex calated sandstone exposed at No. 1603, flanks and distant, sharply elevated, Nakahashi, Azai, Hewa, Tosa-shi, Shiko slightly curved ribs. ku (Lat. 33o27'20"N, Long. 133°22'40"£). In the same respects and in the mod erately rapidly growing whorls the pre Geological Setting sent species is similar to Dipoloceras {Diplasioceras) fallax VAN HOEPEN. The The formation from which the de distinction is in that the former has scribed ammonite came was once refer more flexuous and less crowded ribs on red by KOBA YASH! (1941, p. 394) to the the whorl of the middle growth-stage Nishigawa Series which he regarded as and sharper ribs on the outer whorl being synchronous with the Upper ju than the latter. The spiral ornament rassic Torinosu Series. covers almost the entire length of the On the grounds of several fossils and ribs in the former, but it is discerned other lines of evidence KATTO (1961) on the outer half of the ribs in the concluded that the formations in the latter. northern half of the Shimanto belt of The present species is less evolute and Kochi Prefecture are assigned to vari less widely umbilicate than D. (Diplasio ous stages of the Cretaceous. The newly ceras) basairiei COLLIGNON and D. (Dipla discovered ammonite locality is within sioceras) hirtzi COLLIGNON. The ribs of the area of his Hayama Formation, which our species are more sigmoidal on the he ascribed to the Gyliakian, i.e. Ceno inner whorls and more strongly projected manian and Turonian. One of the rea on the ventrolateral part than those of sons of this correlation may be that he the Madagascar species. observed that the Hayama Formation is It is interesting to note that the sep younger than the Doganaro Formation, tate shell of the present species is in which, in turn, is referred to the Miya certain respects similar to the larger koan (Aptian and Albian). In addition shell of R hytidoceras elegans vAN HOEPEN to KA TTO'S megafossils, HAY AMI and (1941, p. 64, figs. 14-18) (COLLIGNON, 1963, KA WASA WA (1967) added more molluscan p. 150, pl. 301, fig. 1303) of a higher zone, species from three localities near Doga although the bifurcated or intercalated naro, which clearly indicate the Miya ribs occur more frequently in the latter. koan age of the Doganaro Formation. The sharply elevated ribs which over However, the bivalvian species have hang on the ventral keel on the body comparatively long stratigraphic ranges. whorl are diagnostic of the present spe Accordingly it is difficult to determine cies. We would not discuss much the on that evidence alone whether the Do availability of the genus R hytidoceras ganaro Formation is Aptian and Albian, VAN HOEPEN, 1941. If it is accepted, as Aptian only, Albian only, or otherwise. COLLIGNON does, it is likely to have On the other hand KATTO's assign caenogenetically derived from such spe ment of the Hayama Formation to the cies as Dipoloceras CDiplasioceras) tosa- Gyliakian (Cenomanian and Turonian) 559. Ammonite from the Shimantogawa Group 181 Fig. 1. Index map of selected fossil localities of the Shimantogawa Group (hatched). A: the so-called Hayama and Doganaro Formation (Aptian to Middle Albian), B: Susaki Formation (Upper Albian and Upper Cretaceous). 1-4: ammonite localities, 1: Azai (here described), 2: Kitayama, 3: Nii, 4: Taru; 5: localities of bivalves near Doganaro, described by HA YA::VII et al., 1967. B.T.: Butsuzo tectonic line. is inconsistent with his list of species under a quiet condition, without strong (KA TTO, 1961, p. 61) in which Dipoloceras action of erosion and transportation nor aff. fredericksburgense from Kitayama effect of rolling. is included. This ammonite species evi According to M. ARIT A's preliminary dently indicates an Albian age, probably observation (personal information kindly upper Middle Albian. given to one of us [T. M.]) the ammo Dipoloceras (Diplasioceras) tosaense, nite bearing greenish grey shale occupies described above, likewise indicates an the upper part of the " Hayama Forma Albian age, probably the same upper tion" in this area and is underlain by Middle Albian. The two localities are the greenish shale of Doganaro which separated for about 8 km from each contains conglomerate, limestone and other, but situated approximately on the fossiliferous layers of 1--IAYAMI and KA same line of the general structural trend w ASAwA (1967). In other words the so (Fig. 1), probably belonging to the same called Hayama Formation and the Do member of greenish grey shale. ganaro could possibly be parts of one Be that as it may, the ammonite bear and the same formation.* We would ing member of the Hayama Formation agree with ARIT A's interpretation on is certainly of an Albian age, unless the the grounds of our excursion to the ammonites were derived fossils. The * If this is confirmed with sufficient evi ammonite specimen described in this dence, the Hayama Formation would fall in paper has the body-whorl and, further the synonym of the Doganaro Formation in a more, its apertural margin is preserved. revised sense. The Hayama Formation (KAT· Therefore the possibility of the derived TO, 1961) is a homonym of the Tertiary Ha fossil is denied. It must have been de yama Formation of WATANABE (1925) and posited on a muddy submarine bottom other authors. 182 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Motome HIRATA area. In the Doganaro area the member thocerataceae, which are usually common of sandy siltstone from which the Miya in the neritic environments. Moreover, koan bivalves were obtained contains the body-whorl is preserved in a major lenticular limestone. It resembles the ity of the described specimens, and even member of sandy siltstone in the Chi the apertural margin is preserved in the kanaga area, Ehime Prefecture, which present case. Therefore, the ammonite also contains lenticular limestone near shells must have been brought from a the ammonite bearing bed. The ammo~ shallower habitat to the off-shore, mud nites of the Chikanaga area, Cheloniceras dy bottom without effect of destructive (Cheloniceras) aff. minimum CASEY and action. Cheloniceras (Cheloniceras) shimizui NA Cretaceous deposits of more or less KAI and HADA (1966) indicate an Aptian shallower facies are known in the Chi age. Therefore we are inclined to con chibu belt to the north of the Shimanto. sider that the Doganaro Formation in For some reasons the hitherto identified the revised sense (which includes the ammonite species from the Shimanto belt so-called Hayama) can be ascribed to . are not identical with those of the Chi the Miyakoan and that it probably chibu. This is probably due to the in ranges from Aptian to Middle Albian. completeness of the collections. We The above is a preliminary remark should search out more ammonites from which should be examined through more both belts. accurate geological mapping and addi In the so-called Shimanto belt itself tional fossil hunting. there could be sediments of various en vironments. In fact the bivalve faunule, One more remark should be given on consisting of species of Neithea, Plicatula, the sedimentary environments of the Amphidonte and Pterotrigonia, from sandy Shimantogawa Group. Someone insists siltstone near Doganaro, reported by that it is the deposits of a bathyal HAY AMI et al. (1967), probably indicates condition of the continental slope, some that a neric environment did exist in a others considers a comparatively off certain part of the Shimanto belt. In shore and deeper part of a geosyncline the case of the Aptian ammonites from embedded by turbidites, and still others Chikanaga, western Shikoku, reported assume the possibility of a shallower by NAKAI and HADA (1966), the occur sea condition. In this paper we would rence was not solitary, but a number of not dis~uss comprehensively the problem specimens of Cheloniceras were found but try to get information from the de from a sandy siltstone, although in a scribed ammonites. limited place. This may also suggest The nectoplanktonic shells of ammo the existence of a shallower sediments nites may be transported by currents to in at least a part of the Shimanto belt. the places fairly distant from their The well known fossiliferous Coniacian original habitats. The solitary and very of the Uwajima Group, again in eastern scarce occurrence of ammonites in sev Shikoku, may represent another, better eral places of the Shimantogawa Group displayed shallower environment within may suggest such a case. However, it the Shimanto belt. cannot be overlooked that the hitherto To sum up it is keenly needed to described species are mostly those of analyse the various kinds of facies in ornate group, i.e. Hoplitaceae and Acan- the stratigraphically subdivided units 559. Ammonite from the Shimantogawa Group 183 of the Shimantogawa Group and make ~ KoBAY ASH!, Teiichi (1940) : The Sakawa clear their mutual relations as well as orogenic cycle and its bearing on the their relations with the better known origin of the Japanese Islands. jour. facies in the Chichibu belt. This should Fac. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, [2], 5, (7), 219-578, pls. 1-4, maps 1-10. be studied from various aspects of MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro, IsHIKAWA, Hideo, and stratigraphy and sedimentology. Am· YAMAKUCHI, Shiro (1966) : A Mesozoic monites would play the part of an im Ammonite from Amami-Oshima. Trans. portant aspect. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, [N.S.J, (62), 234-241. MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro, KrMcRA, Toshio, and References Cited KATTo, Jiro (1952): Discovery of Creta BRONG0:IART, A. (1822): In CuvrER and ceous ammonites from the undivided BRO='IGNIART: Description Geologiques Mesozoic complex of Shikoku, Japan. des environs de Paris. New ed., viii+428 Mem. Fac. Sci., Kyushu Univ., [D], 3, pp., 16 pls., 2 maps, Paris. (4), 179-186, pls. 13. CoLLIGNON, Maurice (1949) : Recherches sur NAKAI, Isao and HADA, Shigeki (1966) : Dis covery of Aptian ammonites from the Shi les faunes albiennes de Madagascar. v. manto terrain, western Shikoku. Trans. L'Albien superieur d'Andranofotsy (Cer Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, [N.S.J, (62), cle de Manja) avec une notice stratigra 242-250, pls. 29, 30. phiques par P. HIRTz. Ann. Geol. Serv. SPATH, L.F. (1931): A monograph of the Mines, Madagascar, (19), 1-41, pls. 1-7. Ammonoidea of the Gault. Part VIII. -- (1963) : Atlas des fossiles caracteristi Palaeontgr. Soc., 1929, 313-378, pls. 31-36. ques de Madagascar, (10) (Albien), 1-184, SuYARI, Kazumi, BANDO, Yuji, and OBATA, pls. 241-317. Ikuwo (1967) : Discovery of a Cretace HAY AMI, ltaru, and KAWASAWA, Keizo (1967): ous ammonite from the Shimanto terrain, Some Lower Cretaceous bivalves from eastern Shikoku. jour. Geol. Soc. japan, the Shimantogawa Group of south Shi 73, 535-536 (in Japanese). koku. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. japan, WATANABE, Kyukichi (1925) : The base of [N.S.], (67), 73-82, pl. 9. the Musashino Group. jour. Geogr. Soc. HoEPEN, E.C.N. VAN (1941): Die gekielde Tokyo, 37, 495-501: 584-595 (in Japanese). Ammoniete van die Suid-Afrikaanse WRIGHT, C.W. (1957): In MooRE, R.C. Gault. I. Dipoloceratidae, Cechenocerati [ ed.J: Treatise on Invertebrate Palaeont dae, Drepanoceratidae. Palaeont. Nav. ology, L. Mollusca 4, Cephalopoda, Am Nas. Mus., Bloemfontein, 1, (3), 55-90, monoidea (in part), L362-L437. pls. 8-19. YABE, Hisakatsu (1927) : Cretaceous strati -- (1946) : Die gekielde Ammoniete van graphy of the Japanese islands. Sci. die Suid-Afrikaanse Gault. IV. Cecheno Rep. Tohoku Imp. Univ., [2], 11, (1), ceratidae, Dipoloceratidae, Drepanocera 27-100, pls. 3-9. tidae, Asteroceratidae. Ibid., 1, (6), 199- YEIIARA, Shingo (1924) : On the Izumi 260. Sandstone Group in the Onogawa basin, HYATT, Alpheus (1900): Cephalopoda. In Prov. Bungo and the same group in ZITTEL: Text-book of Palaeontology, 1st Uwajima, Prov. lyo. japan. jour. Geol. English ed. (EASTMAN), 502-604. London Geogr., 3, (1), 27-40, pls. 2-4. and New York. YouNG, Keith (1966): Texas Mojsisovicziinae KATTo, Jiro (1961): Shimanto belt. In (Ammonoidea) and the zonation of the Kochi-ken: Explanatory text of the ge Fredericksburg. Geol. Soc. Amer. Mem., ology. and mineral resources map of 100, 1-225, pls. 1-38. Kochi Prefecture, 59-90 (in Japanese). 184 Tatsuro MATSUMOTO and Motome HIRATA Azai ~ ;J:j: Nishi j§ Chikanaga ~ 7ic Nishigawa j§ Jl( Doganaro 1l[;il*lm Shimantogawa ll9JJ-t-Jil Hayama ~ ill Sakawa tt;: Jll Hew a ? tlt Susaki ~Ji Jll*t }6be f)£ m Taru ~ Kitayama ~I:; ill Torinosu .Iff. I* Kochi il1li ~ Tosa-shi ±tti:m Nakahashi ~ Uwajima $;fl:l~ Nii ~* m Explanation of Plate 20 Fig. 1. Dipoloceras (Diplasioceras) tosaense sp. nov...... •...... p. 179 Holotype from Azai, Hewa, Tosa-shi, Kochi Prefecture. Lateral (a) and ventral (b) views of the internal mould (M.H. No. 7002); lateral view (c) of the external mould (M.H. No. 7003). Natural size. The· specimens are kept at the Geological Museum, MAKINO Botanical Garden, Kochi. Kyushu University (1. HAYAMI) photo. MATSUMOTO and HIRATA: Arnmonite from the Shimantogawa, G1·oup Plate 20 lb Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., No. 76, pp. 185-204, pls. 21, 22, Dec. 10, 1969 560. FOSSIL SPORES AND POLLEN GRAINS FROM THE NEOGENE DEPOSITS IN NOTO PENINSULA, CENTRAL JAPAN-III A PALYNOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PLIOCENE OGINOYA AND LATE MIOCENE HIJIRIKAW A MEMBERS* NORIO FUJI Institute of Earth Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa n~~=l=,l\',:lifr~:=:*illdt:t:i'JleJ-=f • 11Js-ill; m.:Piifrti!:~i':l-ffiU:: ~l 1 ;1':frl!J:f&Jl!J~JII (ll' C: 9 il':b) .J\l1oYtE*»~a~mY"E: il~1t=J::,l\',lc$ <5i1il'T Mrr~=*lcfr~ h "C"' .:oftEJJf!l.:r • rt1)}1c '?v'"C MJ'E~rr-:>t.::o A,@lf'J:..:CO)~][$!U: L.. "C, fi~~=!=,l\',mlo'tfilc:5i;{ff'T .Q ~l1 :i'Ji!it1if:JtJJO)~JI lffiU: mJ:ffr i.!!:1nQJiO)~i':l-lii 0) -tt~ 1c '? "' "C, 6 /ii$iP G 0) 6 ~;t:fJHc '? "' "C, 4!!-/\il$tJJX, 1tE~HRO)r1/f nX; • ~ft~a)l G:O>IC L.., ~'/ERO)I=j:l;ffrilt1<!JO);ffl/.§J\'f • ~ji:ffiti!:l=j:!J!JJO)UJPIII/\ii:O,GO)ft:t:i'JleJ-=f • 1t:ff}R~~IU:l:tf!Z~iltL.., 1Jf'i±""C, ~IIIIi · ~i':l-/iiO) :ItHl'tll~.fO) ~-xa~ · J!:iJ[gJ_IJl~~ffi:f:JE, :GJ:: u"!fuf{II,J-ftiC'?\.-'"CO)~~::rii-:>f.::o jj;j% J!lj 1i:ffi Introduction palaeoclimatic condition and palaeoecolo gical environment under which the The writer has been studying the Hijirikawa Member was deposited, and fossil pollen grains and spores found to make correlation and comparison of from the diatomaceous deposits of Neo the conditions and environment of the gene age in the Hokuriku region. Hijirikawa Member with the Wakura, The present article is the third report Tsukada, I'izuka and Entsunagi diatoma ·On the palynological researches of the ceous mudstone Members distributed in diatomaceous muddy deposits and treats the northern and central parts of Noto the spores and pollen grains collected Peninsula. from the Late Miocene Hijirikawa Mem ber distributed in and around Hijirikawa .and Kuwanoin, Shio Town, in the central Acknowledgements part of the Noto Peninsula. The writer thanks Professor Kotora The scope of the research on the HAT AI of the Institute of Geology and microfossils is the systematic determin Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai .ation of the fossil pollen grains and City, for his advice during the course :spores and the reconstruction of the of palynological researches and reading the manuscript. Appreciation is due to * Received May 24, 1969; read September 22, 1968, at the 100th Meeting of the Palae Mr. Mineo Mrs Aw A of the Sakuragaoka Deep gratitude is expressed to Mr. Outline of the Geology Koichi NAKAGAWA of the Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty Of Science, Ka Many diatomaceous mudstones of Neo nazawa University, Kanazawa City, for gene age are widely. distributed in the his advice on the Miocene and Pliocene central and northern parts of Noto Pe tectonic movement in the area studied. ninsula. They are mainly composed of Sincere thanks are expressed to Emeri homogeneous silty mudstone character tus Professor Dr. W ataru IcHIKAwA and ized with the dominance of fossil micro Professor Yoshio KASENO both of the organisms. In the southern part of the Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of peninsula the diatomaceous deposits are Science, Kanazawa University, for their distributed locally and their rock-facies valuable suggestions on the diatoms and are variable, especially around Mt. Ho informations on the biostratigraphy of datsu. the area . studied.. In the area north of Mt. Hodatsu the The present· research was supported Neogene deposits which overlie the Hida by a grant for Scientific Research from . gneiss complex with unconformity are the Ministry of Education of the Japa divisible into seven members in ascend nese Government. ing order as follows: the Tsuboike alter- Table 1. Correlation table of the Neogene diatomaceous deposits distributed in Noto Peninsula, Central Japan. "--": diatomaceous deposits. ---·- ·-· Wokuro-Notojima Geological Oil Field in Hokurlku Hljirikowo -Area Nakajima- Area Suzu Age Jo pan Region Area Area Shibikowo Honyu Pliocene lllllllllfrlll/111111111 I 111111111111111111111111 Wokimoto Himi ~)~~o;.noyo Kojima I I \I I Kitouro Akaaokl "Hljirikawa" Late Otokowa ~ Miocene "Wokuro .. '"l'izuka·• Funokawo '"Koaoshlo" Horo gl a uc:onlte g louc:oni te Tonokumo ':..., Nona a ~1'1 do .. "Hojuji" Onnogowo Higoshibessho Hamada Akouro Middle ~Shln11u Miocene Higoshilnnoi Nlshikurosowo Kurosedoni A"r•)K•" k1 r•motod Nanahoro ' Yanagida Anomlzu Anamlzu Early Miocene Doijimo I woine " Anamizu r -- nation, Shingu conglomeratic sandstone, The Hid a gneiss complex: This gneiss Tonokuma alternation, Hara sandstone, forms the basement the area southwest of Hijirikawa mudstone, Oginoya siltstone Mt. H6datsu, and is distributed locally. The and Oginoshima sandstone. These mem rock-facies is mainly biotite hornblende bers are conformable with one another gneiss intercalated with layers of thin cry stalline limestone. In the southeastern part as shown· in the correlation table (Table of the area studied some light green fluorite 1). Each stratigraphical unit is described veins, which are N25°E in strike, are distri below, in ascending order. buted locally. The gneiss and Neogene de- 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 187 posits are in unconformable or fault contact The Tonokuma alternation Member: This and generally have a E-W strike. member is distributed at Tonokurna, Shoshi ------·· unconformity or fault ------gahara and Oitani, Shio Town, Hakui-gun. The Tsuboike fine-grained sandstone and The lower part of the member is an alter mudstone alternation Member: The type nation of bluish grayish green tuffaceous. locality of this member is the outcrop at fine-grained sandstone and mudstone, show Tsuboike in Hirni City, Toyama Prefecture. ing graded bedding in a part; two or three The member consists generally of an alter layers of pumiceous tuff are contained in nation of sandstone and mudstone. The the middle part which consists of sandstone,. sandstone is fine-grained and has yielded the and the upper part is an alternation of large foraminifer Myogypsina sp. This member greenish gray fine-grained sandstone and overlies the Hida Gneiss Group with uncon hard mudstone. formity and is overlain conformably by the The member yielded many marine mollus Shingu conglomerate and sandstone Member. can fossils as Acila divaricats (HINDs),. conformity Cardium sp., Clinocardium sp., Chlamys cras The Shingu conglomerate and sandstone sivenia (YoKOYAMA), Cuspidaria sp., Denta Member: This unit is distributed in the lium yokoyamai (MAKIYAMA), Diplodonta sp.,. northern and southern parts of the surveyed Lucinoma annulata (REEVE), Macoma sp.,. area. It is overlain with conformity by the Natica sp., Venericardia sp., Volsella sp. Tonokurna sandstone and mudstone alter (found from the upper part of the member), nation Member. The Shingu Member consists and plant fossils as Fagus sp., Ficus sp.,. of conglomerate and sandstoi:J.e, and the con Salix sp. (from the lower part). glomerate is composed of angular andjor The member is about 450 meters in thick subangular pebbles derived from the Hida ness at Shoshigahara in the eastern part of Metamorphic Group distributed in and around the surveyed area and 40 to 70 meters at. Mt. Hodatsu. The sandstone is a very Hijirikawa, the western part. coarse-grained quartzose sandstone inter conformity ------calated with many carbonaceous layers. The Hara sandstone Member: This mem The upper part of the member generally ber has been studied by M. MisAwA (1960), shows typical graded bedding, and one unit and is distributed at Hara, Shingu, Hiradoko, of a graded bed is generally composed of Ebisaka, Ichinoshirna and Iwabuchi of Shio granule andjor pebbles at the base and of Town. The rock-facies is a light green or mudstone at the top. bluish gray fine- to medium-grained sand The thickness is about 600 meters in the stone intercalated with some thin carbonace southern part of the area of distribution . ous layers which bear bodly preserved plant. . The stratigraphical relation between this remains. member and the basement rocks is a fault, The member is about 130 meters in thick and a conformity with the Tsuboike or To ness at Shoshigahara in .the eastern part, 6() nokurna Members. The member interfingers meters at Hijirikawa in the western part, with the Tsuchikura sandstone, Shoshigahara and thins out in the northern part of the sandstone and mudstone alternation and area studied. Akage hard shale Members. conformity ---·- interfingering with the Shingu Member···--· The Hijirikawa mudstone Member: The The Akage hard shale Member: This mem member is distributed widely on the west ber consists of a black or dark gray very ern and eastern sides of the boundary be hard tuffaceous (?) shale, alternating with a tween Toyama and Ishikawa prefectures. coarse-grained sandstone and hard shale in Its lower part is a fissile mudstone and upper the lower part; remarkable banded structure part consists of a massive diatomaceous is seen in part. mudstone, and there is a very thin medium conformity to fine-grained tuff layer (ca. 20 ern.) in the 188 Norio FUJI middle horizon. The member is character the Oginoya-Oginoshima stage, when the ized in the western area of the prefectural members were deposited a remarkable boundary by its northern part being of a change in the environmental conditions massive mudstone whereas the southern part took place, and this probably indicated is an alternation of bluish green coarse- to a new phase of transgression. NAKA· medium-grained sandstone and mudstone. GAWA (1968) studied the minor faults in The megafossils are rare in the member, that is, the shaly mudstone of lower horizon the Miocene members exposed in this of the member yielded only Lucinoma con area and concluded that they were de centrica HIRAYAMA. Microfossils such as veloped either during or immediately .diatoms, sponge spicules, smaller foramini after the deposition of the Shingu fers (Martinottiella communis and Textularia Member. spp.) are common. The member is about 700 meters thick. conformity ------Palynological Research The Oginoya siltstone Member: The mem ber is distributed locally in the northern (1) Foreword part of the area drawn in the geological As already stated different kinds of map. The maximum thickness is about 150 diatomaceous deposits occur in Noto meters. The rock-facies is a homogeneous Peninsula, and they have yielded abun bluish gray very fine-grained sandstone and dant microfossils as diatoms, flagellates, siltstone. Below the lower limit of the pollen grains and spores. The several member, there is an intercalation of fine papers published on the deposits were grained tuff of 20 em or more in thickness. concentrated to stratigraphical investi The member has yielded many foraminiferal gations, and no literature has appeared fossils as Elphidium advenum, Eponides spp., concerning the fossil pollen grains and and also molluscs, diatoms and sponge spicules. spores until comparatively recently. The conformity ------writer has been studying the Neogene The Oginoshima sandstone Member: This system, especially the diatomaceous de member is distributed in the northwestern posits, and the two previous works (FUJI, side of the foot of the hilly mountains in 1969a and 1969b) have summarized the the area studied. The rock-facies is a yel palynology of the Miocene Wakura and lowish brown fine- to medium-grained sand Yamatoda Members, and the present stone in part. The ·member is 60 to 75 paper is the third report. meters in thickness. The purpose of the present study is to interpret the significance of the pol The area studied is characterized by len grains and spores from the samples many parallel faults extending east to collected from the Late Miocene Hijiri- west in general. Consequently, the Neo . kawa Member, mainly in terms of palae gene members of this area are displaced oclimatic condition and palaeogeo and partly overturned as verified by the graphical environment. These records graded bedding. The fault zone develop are based on the reconstructions gained ed through successive stages of the up by the writer during his about ten years heaval movement of the H6datsu moun palynological researches. tain block. Intimately related therewith is the development of the Tsuboike and (2) Sam?ling Shingu dome structures. MISAW A (1960) The samples analysed in the investi pointed out that during this stage, named gation were collected by the writer and 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 189 Mr. Mineo MISAWA, a student of our 1969a and 1969b). University, in the summer season of All of the slides containing the speci 1959 and 1960. The sampling localities mens registered in the present research and stratigraphical horizons of the sam are deposited in the collection of the ples are shown respectively in Figs. 1 Institute of Earth Science, Faculty of and 2. These samples are from the Education, Kanazawa University (regis upper part of the Hijirikawa and the ter abbreviation: EKZJ), Kanazawa City, lower part of the Oginoya Members and japan. the western slope of the Shingu dome on the northern side of Mt. Hodatsu. (4) Description of the Pollen Grain and Spore Assemblages (3) Preparation of Materials and Method (a) General Statement of Study A living flora is composed of the spe The preparation of the materials and cies which are adapted to the physi method of study for the previous pre cal condition and biological phenomena sent palynological investigation are the which constitute the environment. But same as described in the papers (FUJI, the fossil assemblage of any locality 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 37.,. ~ """'._~(._;- •KAM.UAWA 137 E Fig. 1. Geological map of the Hijirikawa area, the southern part of Noto Peninsula, Central Japan (Compiled by N. FuJI , 1968; after M. MrsAWA, 1960 MS; N. Fu;r, 1963 MS; K. NAKAGAWA, 1968 MS). 1: Holocene deposits, 2: Pleistocene deposits, 3: Oginoshima Member, 4: Oginoya M., 5: Yamazaki mollusc-bearing bed, 6: Hijirikawa M., 7: Hara M., 8: Tonokuma M., 9: Shoshigahara M., 10: Akage M., 11: Tsuchikura M., 12: Shingu M., 13: Tsuboike M., 14: Hida Gneiss Group, 15: fault, 16: anticline, 17: dome structure, 18: sampling localities. 190 Norio FUJI may be the total accumulation composed of a biocoenosis and/ or a thanatocoenosis. There fore, it is necessary to make an analysis of the fossil com thin fine- grained Tuff position from the viewpoint of the presence or absence, abun dancy and distribution of every sample 5 climatic element to know the palaeoclimatic condition and sample 4 palaeogeographical environ ment at the time of deposition. dark bluish gray massive mudstone (b) Stratigraphical Rela- sample 3 tions of the Samples The localities of the sam sample 2 ples studied are distributed thin bluish gray fine- g r a i ned Tuff in the present field. The stratigraphical position of these samples can be illust rated as a columnar section and for the sake of con venience are called horizons sample in this study. Here, the term horizon is used to denote the dark gray massive hard mudstone same or nearly same strati graphic pos1t10n or level within the stratigraphic unit. The samples analysed in the present study can be classified into the six hori zons shown in the columnar a I tern at ian of so n d s Ion e and muds t 0 n e section (Fig. 2). (c) Description of the as semblages The assemblages of the fos sil spores and pollen grains found from the six samples are shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6. I a Sample 1: -;:; -sandstone The mixed sample is from _s::. an outcrop of Locality No. 1 ~--'--'-·.~·· ·~·· I 35 metes (Fig. 1), where is situated at Fig. 2. Columnar section showing the about 2,000 meters southeast horizons of the samples. of the Shikinami Station of 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Nato-III 191 - ':--'---~- HO;i-zon- ~- __ ___tiili_r[~~- -Mem~_r ·----~--~- i Spores ond~ens 2 ' 3 4 -~ ._.... Pinus --- ['"'~"ul Abies Pic.eo I • I Ke te/eeria """ - I ==~ - I Tsuga ~ =-- Pseudclsugo .. I I I - I =-II Podocorpus - - Ta)(odioceoe -•ill - - ~ MetaseQuoia ...... -ill------Fagus sp~, ·-· -I - ~- - I Fagus --. sp_2 ------I ---- Ulmus - - • I Salix -I -I -I .-~ -• Quercus I e.g ) - - Quercus I d.) I Alnus -• I I -• .. I - - I Jug tons - - -• Cary/us I I •= I -- • Castanea • - • Cor yo I • •~ zelkovo I I • • T ilia I •I L iquido m bar Nyssa •I I I I -I I I I lex - - Acer -I I -I Ore h idaceae ~ ill ~ -.- Nymphoeace:Je I I •ill I I -I • Gramineae I • -I Persico rio I - - - i r-- ~-- r~o;_~ ~ ~'6·$ $f1Jt~r/}1-~ ~ -~- :;- I •I I. - ~- - i - I ~- Osmund a • I I • Gleichenia -. • I U,.,,.;,. • I ~ Lycopodium Monopor ispo rites • i nopertisporifes - •• ~ •I • I Oyodosporites • I • Pteu ric el/oespo rl fe s • - Potyodosporiles I 10"1. ____1-- • _i_ ------~ - -- __1____ _ - Fig. 3. Pollen diagram (1) of the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members. Numbers refer to Figs. 1 and 2. the Japanese National Nanao Railway Tsuga are common, ranging from 4 to .and about 1,250 meters southwest of 6 per cent. Gymnosperm total 36 per Hijirikawa. It belongs to the upper cent, Dicotyledon, Monocotyledon and horizon of the lower part of the Hijirikawa Pteridophyta are 48 per cent, 4 per cent Member. and 8 per cent respectively. This sample yielded; Gymnosperm As shown in some text-figures and ·eight genera; Dicotyledon-ten genera tables, plants having different havitats and four subgenera; Monocotyledon are distinguished among the treated three families and one genus; two in composite sample. ·determinable pollen grains, and spores· The plants which are distributed in six genera. Among them, Metasequoia is the cold climatic region are denoted by :abundant, showing the highest concent· "A" in Fig. 4, and are Larix, Abies, ration (11.5 per cent) in this composite Fagus and Betula. Keteleeria, Pseudo ·sample. The Genus Quercus is classi tsuga, Metasequoia, Cunninghamia, Gly fied into two types, one is of large size ptostrobus, and Taiwania, the evergreen and other of small size, based on the Quercus and Liquidambar are the repre ·diameter of the pollen grain, and the sentative plants of a warm temperate 1atter belongs to the evergreen type. and subtropical region as denoted by Pinus and Liquidambar are frequent, "B" .i.n .Fig. 4. P.inus, Tsuga, and :amounting to more than abo.ut 7 per Taxodiaceae without the warm elemen~s ~ent. Deciduous Quercus, Nyssa and above-mentioned, and the deciduous· 192 Norio FUJI Quercus, Zelkova.. Ulmus, Salix, Acer, of the warmer type denoted by " B " juglans, Castanea, Tilia, and Jlex are and the cool temperate type "C" are the representative plants of the tem respectively 38 per cent and 56 per cent. perate to cool temperate region as for The frequency of the spores which example the Hokuriku region. They certainly belongs to Pteridophyta is as are denoted by "C" in Fig. 4. Accord high as that of a ordinary marine de ing to the present analysis, the plants posit, ranging from 8 per cent to 10 per belonging to the element "A" appear cent. The frequency of the plants dis with a very low frequency of 6 per cent tributed widely in the warm temperate of the total. On the contrary, the plants and subtropical region and found in the A .l\ / \ I ' IX 50% k X l a bX B 50% Fig. 4. Pollen diagram (2) : Triangular diagram showing the relationship between cold and cool climatic, temperate climatic and warm climatic elements found from several samples of the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members. Numbers refer to Figs. 1 and 2. a: Yamatoda Member, b: Sunagozaka M., e: Hojuji M., f: !'ida M., g: Wakura M., i: Nakayama-toge M., k: Takakubo M., 1: Omma M., 1-5: Hijirikawa M., 6: Oginoya M., m: the present deposits of H6jozu-gata Lagoon, Toyama Prefecture. 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 193 above the fossil pollen grains and spores can be classified into upland, mixed slope and stream-side elements, occupy ing 16 per cent and 27 per cent, respec tively. Sample 2: The composite sample from Locality No. 2, situated at about 1,500 meters southwest of Hijirikawa, was examined for the present study. Locality No. 2 belongs to the lowermost horizon of the ()"to upper part of the Hijirikawa Member. The composite sample yielded, Gym nosperm-nine genera (45 per cent); Dicotyledon-ten genera and four sub genera (37.5 per cent) ; Monocotyledon three families and one genus (2.5 per cent); spore-nine genera (13 per cent). Among these taxa, Pinus is abundant and amounts to 12 per cent of the total frequency, being the highest in the sample. The fossil pollen grain of 100"/o Metasequoia totals 11 per cent. Ever Fig. 5. Pollen diagram (3): Quadri green Quercus, Keteleeria and Liquidam lateral diagram showing the palaeoclimatic bar are frequent, being respectively 9 condition and palaeogeographical environ per cent, 7 per cent and 7 per cent of ment during the sedimentation of the Hijiri the total frequency. All of these genera kawa and Oginoya Members. a: Yamatoda Member, b: Sunagozaka M., c: Higashi which are representative plants of a •in•nai M., d: Najimi M., e: Hojuji M., warmer temperate and subtropical i: !'ida M., g: Wakura M., h: l'izuka M., regions, are denoted by the component i: Nakayama-toge M., j : Hijirikawa M., "B ", amounting to 35 per cent. The k : Takakubo M., 1: Omma M., 1-5 : Hijiri cooler temperate plants denoted by "C" kawa M., 6: Oginoya M. reach 62 per cent of the total. Whereas the other elements amount to only 3 fossil flora shows the highest ratio per cent. Deciduous Quercus is common, .among the treated samples, and this is reaching 5 per cent of the total. a characteristic feature of the flora. On the other hand, with respect to To facilitate considerations on the the palaeoecological environment, the ecological environments under which upland, mixed-slope and stream-side ·some ancient plants lived, their modern elements are respectively 15 per cent, ·equivalents are grouped into four 60 per cent and 25 per cent of the total habitats, namely, upland, mixed-slope, frequency. stream-side or riparian, and lake or marshy elements. From the viewpoint Sample 3: of the significant statistics mentioned This sample is from an outcrop of 194 No·rio FUll ------~----,- 1001 ·- . ./ 1 10~ . -·- -· \ /~ I ___ o/ -..------r-----,. if if ~ "' ~--- ~> lower upper [ ~ ~g. i c;· 0 ~ • U . • M .o. S ~ ~ ~ ~ o tAP,+ tNAP Fig. 6. Pollen diagram (4) showing the relationship between cold and cool climatic, tem perate climatic, warm climatic, upland, mixed-slope and riparian elements found from severaL samples of the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members. Locality No.3 (Fig. 1), situated at about and Polyadosporites (4 per cent). 1,300 meters south of Oginoya. From And from the viewpoint of the pal sample 3, which occupies stratigraphi aeoecological environment, the upland,. cally the lower horizon of the upper part mixed-slope and stream-side elements of the Hijirikawa Member, Metasequoia amount to 13 per cent, 60 per cent and_ is found in 11 per cent of the total fre 27 per cent respectively. quency. Keteleeria, deciduous Quercus, Fagus sp. 2, evergreen Quercus, Pinus, Sample 4: Liquidambar and Nyssa are common, Sample 4 belongs stratigraphically to· ranging from 4 per cent to 6 per cent. the middle horizon of the upper part of The element "A" amounts to 8.5 per the Hijirikawa Member, and was col cent, element "B" to 31 per cent, and lected from an outcrop of Locality No .. element "C" to 60.5 per cent. 4, situated at about 1,300 meters east of This sample yielded, Gymnosperm-nine the Shikinami Station of the japanese genera (43 per cent of the total); Dico National Nanao Railway. From this. tyledon-14 genera and four subgenera composite sam~le, Pinus, Abies and (44 per cent); Monocotyledon-three fami Metasequoia belonging to the Gymno lies and one genus (8 per cent); spore sperm (eight genera and one family} only two genera, namely, Lycoposium were found, they amount about 48 per 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 195 cent; Dicotyledon-11 genera and four cent, 25 per cent and 62 per cent re subgenera (30.5 per cent); Monocotyledon spectively. The upland, mixed-slope and three genera (4 per cent); and two in riparian plants are respectively 16 per determinable pollen grains. Among cent, 64 per cent and 20 per cent of the them, Pinus is very abundant, reaching total frequency. 15 per cent of the total frequency. Its frequency shows the highest concent Sample 6: ration in this mixed sample. Abies be As shown in Fig. 1, the mixed sample longing to one of the plants of a cooler was collected from Locality No. 6, at or cold region, is abundant, amounting about 1,300 meters east of the Shikinami to 13 per cent of the total frequency. Station. The sample belongs to the Metaequoia is frequent, being 8 per cent. lowermost horizon of the Early Pliocene Tsuga, Taxodiaceae without warm ele Oginoya Member. From the composite ments, Fagus sp. 2, Tilia and Pleuricel sample, Metasequoia, Abies and Pinus laesporites are common, ranging from, 4 are abundant in frequency, amounting per cent to 6 per cent. The component to 13 per cent, 12 per cent and 11 per "A", " B" and "C" are respectively 14 cent respectively, namely, the pollen per cent, 13 per cent and 73 per cent of flora of this horizon is represented. By the total. The plants denoted by "C" Metasequoia and Abies. Tsuga and Fagus which are distributed widely in the pre sp. 2 are frequent, and the others are sent cool temperate zone gradually in common. Gymnosperm, Dicotyledon, crease in comparison to others as shown Monocotyledon and spores are 52.5 per in Fig. 3, and on the other hand the cent, 37.3 per cent and 7.5 per cent re warm elements denoted by " B " gradu spectively. The A, B and C components ally decrease. amount to 19 per cent, 30 per cent and The plants growing in the upland en 51 per cent respectively. vironment amount to 28 per cent of It is noteworthy that the pollen grains the total frequency, and the mixed-slope of Liquidambar are found from this and stream-side elements are 51 per cent horizon of the Early Pliocene Oginoya and 21 per cent respectively. Member. The upland, mixed-slope and stream Sample 5: side elements are respectively 21 per The composite sample from Locality cent, 55 per cent and 24 per cent. No. 5, situated at about 1,500 meters south of Oginoshima, occupies strati (5) Discussion graphically the uppermost horizon of A general interpretation is made of the Hijirikawa Member. In the sample, the physical conditions prevailing during Abies is a very abundant, its frequency the growth of the sedimentary basin in being 16 per cent. Pinus and deciduous which the flora was found on the basis Quercus are abundant, and Liquidambar of an analysis of the fossil spores and and Podocarpus are frequent, and the pollen grains. In this section, the writer other genera are common. Gymnosperm, will be given a discussions on the palae Dicotyledon, Monocotyledon and spores oclimatic condition, palaeogeographical are respectively 38 per cent, 38.5 per environment and geological age of the cent, 10 per cent and 11.5 per cent. The stratigraphical units based upon the A, B and C elements amount to 13 per palynological and field researches. 196 Norio FUJI (a) Palaeoclimatic Condition elements from the Hijirikawa Member From the analysis of the pollen grain amount to 10 per cent to 24 per cent of and spore assemblages, that is to say, the total frequency, though the elements on the basis of the association of their found in the Oginoya Member is 20 per dominant genera and/or species . the cent of the total frequency. general characters of the palaeoclimatic With respect to the relative frequency condition can be presented. The methods of the warm temperate and subtropical for analysing the assemblages for climatic elements found throughout the palaeoclim3.tic interpretation have been Hijirikawa Member, it can be said that proposed by ERDTMAN (1954), FAEGRI higher the horizon is, the lower the and IvERSEN (1963) and the writer (FUJI, frequency becomes. On the other hand, 1969a and 1969b). it is important and interesting that the According to the writer's investiga higher the 'horizon is, the higher the tion, as shown in the triangular diagram frequency of the cool and/or cold ele (Fig. 4), quadrilateral diagram (Fig. 5), ments becomes. the warm and subtropical plants denoted Comparison between the fossil plants by " B " in Fig. 4 such as Liquidambar and the living equivalents whose cli and Metasequoia found from the Hijiri matic requirements are known is fre kawa and Oginoya Members are much quently used for climatic analysis of a less than those from the Yamatoda and fossil flora. Where the modern relation Sunagozaka Members which correspond ships are known definitely, this method ed to the Daijima age of the Middle is probably useful for accurate infor Miocene Epoch in number of specimens, mation. The Neogene species are com namely the latter contains from 61 per paratively modernized in morphological cent to 85 per cent of the total frequency, features, so it is not difficult to compare and the former only 30 per cent to 50 them with their living equivalents with per cent. This result is closely simi some exceptions. The genera composing lar to the analytical result on the fossil the Neogene floras in the japanese pollen assemblage from the Hojuji and Islands are mostly distributed now in l'ida diatomaceous mudstone Members East Asia, and nearly all of the tem (FUJI, 1966) which are situated in the perate Dicotyledons genera in the fossil northern part of Noto Peninsula. How flora are now growing in the japanese ever, with respect to the cool and cold Islands. And exotic genera are some elements found in the pollen-floras as times common in the fossil flora. The the Wakura and Yamatoda floras, the exotic coniferous genera as .Metasequoia, Table 2. Modern equivalents of the fossil microplants from the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members and their modern distribution. Modern Distribution 1: Saghalien and Kurile Is., 2: Hokkaido, 3: Northern Honshu, 4: Central HonshU, 5: Southwestern Honshu, 6: Kyushu and Shikoku, 7: Formosa and Loochoo Is., 8: Korea, 9: North China, 10: Central China, 11: Southeastern China, 12: Southwestern China, 13: Man churia and Primorskaya Prov. Habitat U: upland, M: mixed-slope, R: riparian and stream-side Table 2. Modern equivalent Fossil microplants ;----·Near fossil macroplants -Ill . Japan I 7 I s[ Ch,ina . 1131141Habitat macroplants 2 I 3 ' 4 I 5 6 I_, 9 l1o : 11 ! 12 , . Pinus P. palaeopentaphylla P. parvijlora ~--~·--;-~~~~~-- -~-~-----~-u- Abies A. protofirma A. firma 1 IX X X X 'I M Pice a P. kaneharai P. polita I XIX X u P. jessoensis P. jessoensis P. koribai P. excelsa lxlx! ' x I x x ~ Keteleeria K. ezoana K. davidiana X X X X M <:J-, Tsuga T. aburaensis T. diversifolia ~ ~ T. miocenica T. longibracteata ' X X X X ! I' x. I ~ Pseudotsuga P. ezoana P. japonica u Podocarpus , I , ~ Taxodiaceae Cun. protokonishii C. konishii u c ! X I X "i Gly. europaeus G. pensilis I R ~ Met. occidentalis M. glyptostroboides 'x M Cl> Seq. a(finis S. sempervirens I X M Tai. japonica T. cryptomeroides X IX X Tax. dubium T. distichum ~ X I Fagus F. palaeocrenata F. crenata X X X. X X MMUR F. protojaponica F. serrata X X ! I X XI ~ Ulmus U. protojaponica U. japonica X X X X X X ~ X I ' R ~ U. protolaciniata U. laciniata X X ~ I X . X X X I M U. subparvifolia U. parvifolia xlx X X I M ~ Salix S. k-suzukii S. jessoensis X' X , X I R c Quercus (evergreen) Q. protosalicina Q. salicina X xlx x X M ~ Quercus (deciduous) Q. miocrispula Q. crispula X X X X X X X X X M X X X X X X X X X X X M So Q. protodentata Q. dentata ~ (.J. protoserrata Q. serrata X X X X X X X X X X M-R Alnus A. miojaponica A. japonica X X X X X X I X R A. protohirsuta A. hirsuta X X X X X X M-R c~ A. protomaximowicziana A. maximowicziana X X X u <1::1 X I X ~ juglans ]. nipponica ]. ailanthifolia X X X X I X X R ~ Corylus I ~ C. miocrenata C. crenata I I X X i X M Castanea X X ~ Cary a C. miocathayensis C. cathayensis I X . X M 1 Zelkova z. ungeri Z. serrata 1 X X X X X ! X X M Tilia T. distans T. amuraensis , X X X I M ~.,.,. T. miohenryana T. henryana I X I X M c T. protojaponica T. japonica X X I X X X X M I Liquidambar ' L. mioformosana L. formosana X I X I X X R ~ Nyssa I ...... !lex I. cornuta II. cornuta I X X M-R Acer A. nordenski ldi A. palmatum X X X X X X M A. palaeodiabolicum ' A. diabolicum X X X X M A. palaeorufinerve A. rufinerve X X X X M · A. protojaponicum A. __jafJnni"um • _ X I X I X X X M ..... I A. protosieboldianum : A. sieboldianum i x I x x : x X 1 , 1· M tO -:! A. prototrifidium I A. trifidium , ! : I 1 ' x · x M M A. Pseudoca;Pinifolium [ A. carpinifolium I I x 1 x I x I x I I I X A. submayn 1 A. mono x x I x x x x x x M A. subpictum 1 A. mono x x x x x x x x X M ' ' ' 198 Norio FUJI Glyptostrobus, Sequoia, Pseudolarix and the reduction of warm and subtropical Keteleeria are found throughout the plants evidently indicates that the tem Neogene floras of the Japanese Islands, perature had lowered in comparison with and they are now mostly living in China, that of the Middle Miocene Yamatoda and some of them are known in the and Sunagozaka Members. western part of North America. The Oginoya pollen-flora somewhat The nearest living equivalents of the resembles the forest now growing in pollen-floras from the Hijirikawa Mem the central or northern parts of the ber and their modern distribution in Japanese Islands. The floristic compo East Asia are shown in Table 2. sition of the fossil floras of this stage, According to this table, the Hijirikawa Early Pliocene, varies by the localities, and Oginoya pollen-floras consist mainly so that the climate at that time shows of the temperate genera with some warm local difference. The predominance of clim3.tic elements. The dominant genera beech, deciduous oak, elm, birch found among the temperate flora are Alnus, from this flora, provide a basis for con Fagus, Castanea, Quercus, Ulmus, Zelkova, cluding that the climate during the Acer and Tilia. Their modern equivalent Early Pliocene was temperate or rather species are mostly distributed in the cooler temperate in most regions of Japanese Islands proper, especially in the Noto Peninsula. Furthermore, this the northern part of Honshu and Hok pollen-flora has comparatively abundant kaid6. Further, the pollen-floras from coniferous trees, and the fact probably the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members indicates that the climatic conditions sometimes contain many exotic conifers were rather humid and the temperature such as Metasequoia (or Cunninghamia, not so high during the summer season. Taiwania, Glyptostrobus) and Liquidambar On the other hand, several warm climate of the Dicotyledons, though the exotic elements as Liquidambar, Cinnamomum conifers are not abundant in number of and Metasequoia are considered to have specimens and are rather relicts which been able to overwinter in the lowland survived from the previous Middle Mio area. cene Epoch. Thus, according to the Thus, from the Yamatoda or Sunago writer's research, the pollen floras from zaka (FUJI, 1969b) to the Oginoya pollen the Hijirikawa and Oginoya Members flora the Neogene pollen-floras of the are composed of mixed temperate and Hokuriku region seem to have gradually warm elements in floristic composition changed in their vegetation being first as already described in the previous represented by lowland elements that part of this work. changed to a flora represented by moun From the viewpoint of leaf character tain elements without any considerable analysis reported on the Late Miocene change of generic association. This may floras from various localities in the not be due to the elevation of the depo Japanese Islands, these pollen floras are sitional site, but rather to the increased related to the present temperate or cooling and aridity of the climatic con somewhat warm temperate forest now dition. In consequence of the lowering growing in the central and southern of the temperature during the Hijiri parts of the Japanese Islands, and they kawa stage, the warm temperate or seem to have grown under a warm subtropical plants had gradually mi temperate climatic condition. However, grated to the lowland southern region of 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 199 East Asia, whereas, on the other hand, during that age. The palaeogeographi the mountain cool temperate elements cal environment during the Late Mio seem to have become dominant through cene Epoch is shown in the palaeogeo out the japanese Islands during the graphical map in Fig. 7. Pliocene Epoch according to the present The frequency of grass-pollen grains writer's and the other palaeobotanist's and spores, which are denoted by X NAP studies. in Fig. 6, has been generally concluded (b) Palaeogeographical Environment to be related to the geographical environ In order to facilitate the considerations ments. Accordingly, such presumption on the probable palaeogeographical en on the marine terrain is supported by vironments under which some ancient that the frequency of the grass-pollen plants lived, the modern equivalents of grains and spores is about 15 per cent the fossil species can be grouped ac in the Hijirikawa Member and 6 per cording to their habitats into four types cent in the Oginoya Member, though of upland, mixed-slope, stream-side or the non-arboreal pollen grains and spores riparian, and lake or marshy elements. found from the Wakura and I'izuka The Hijirikawa and ,Oginoya pollen Members range from 36 per cent to 50 floras are in number of specimens mainly per cent and from 46 per cent to 52 per composed of mixed-slope or mixed-slope cent respectively. Namely, as shown in -riparian plants, and also contain up the palynological data mentioned above, land-mixed-slope plants abundantly. these data suggest that the sedimentary That is, these floras seem to represent basin where the non-arboreal pollen a mixed-slope to riparian forest. For grains and spores are abundant in a instance, in the assemblage from the relative frequency was situated near a Hijirikawa Member the mixed-slope land and also was a more or less closed plants amount to 60 per cent of the embayment. total frequency, the stream-side and/or riparian elements 23 per cent and the remainder belong to the upland elements, and with respect to the Oginoya Member they are respectively 56 per cent, 34 per cent and 10 per cent. On the other hand, judging from the palynological results, the lithofacies, poor contents of planktonic foraminifers, fossil diatom assemblages and diversity in the thickness of the deposits, the sea under which the Hijirikawa Metnber was deposited during the Late Miocene seems to have been a strait in the Hakui-Hijiri I I kawa area in the southern part of the ! Noto Peninsula, though the palaeogeo __ jI graphical environment in the Wakura Fig. 7. The palaeogeographical map Notojima area of the central part of during the sedimentation of the Hijirikawa Noto Peninsula was a closed embayment Member (the Otokawa stage of Late probably connected with the lagoon Miocene age) (After Y. KAsENO, 1963). 200 Norio FUJI (c) Geological Age Kanazawa Univ., 8, 1, pp. 161-175, 4 The correlation and age determination figs., 10 pis. of the Neogene floras have been fre CouPER, R.A. (1953): Upper Mesozoic and ·quently done by the use of several Cainozoic Spores and Pollen Grains from New Zealand. New Zealand Geol. Surv . .characteristic fossils and assemblages in Paleontology Bull., 22, 77 p., 3 text-figs., the japanese Islands. On the basis of 3 tabs., 9 pis. the researches which have been done by ERDTMANN, G. (1954) : An Introduction to H. y ABE, E. KON'NO, s. ENDO, s. OISHI, Pollen Analysis. 239 p., 15 text-figs., 10 K. HuzroKA, H. MATsuo, K. SuzuKI, T. tabs., 28 pis., Chronica Botanica Comp. T ANAl, and many other palaeo botanists, FAEGRI, K. & IvERSEN, T. (1964): Text T ANAl classified the Neogene floras of book of Pollen Analysis. 237 p., 23 text japan into six types, considering the figs., 8 pis., Munksgaard. floristic composition and components, FuJI, N. (1965): Palynological Studies on and with the geological ages indicated the Late Tertiary and Quaterm:ry Sys by them. These types are in ascending tems in Hokuriku Distric;t, Central Japan. Quaternary Research, 4, 3-4, pp. 183-190, -order the Ainoura (Earliest Miocene), 5 text-figs., 1 tab. Aniai (Early Miocene), Daijima (Middle -- (1969a) : Fossil Spores and Pollen Grains Miocene), Mitoku (Late Miocene to Mio from the Neogene Deposits in Noto Pe Pliocene), Shinjo (Early Pliocene) and ninsula, Central Japan-!, A Palynologi Akashi (Late Pliocene) types. cal Study of the Late Miocene Wakura The Hijirikawa and Oginoya pollen Member. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. floras are very similar in generic com japan, N.S., 73, pp. 1-26, 2 pls., 10 text position to the Mitoku-type flora. They fig., 2 tabs. .contain some exotic elements which are -- (1969b) : Fossil Spores and Pollen Grains found abundantly in the Middle Miocene from the Neogene Deposits in Noto Pe Noroshi and Yamatoda floras. These ninsula, Central Japan-II, A Palyno logical Study of the Middle Miocene exotic elements are commonly found in Yamatoda Member. Ibid., 74, pp. 51-80, the Late Miocene floras of Europe and 3 pis., 9 text-figs., 2 tabs. in the western part of the United States -, IcHIKAWA, w. &BAC!-1:\!Ai'>:"i, A. (1964): -of America, where modernized plants Fossil Diatoms, Pollen Grains and Spores, are dominant. Thus, in comparison with Silicoflagellates and Arachaeomonads in various floras of the Neogene in the the Miocene Hojuji Diatomaceous Mud japanese Islands and from the viewpoint stone, Noto Peninsula, Central Japan. ·of the stratigraphical evidences of these Sci. Rep. Kanazawa Univ., 9, 1, pp. 25- two members, the Hijirikawa and 118, 30 text-figs., 3 tabs., 15 pis. Oginoya pollen-floras can be nearly - & BACHMANN, A. (1968) : Fossile Pollen, .correlated with the Mitoku-type flora. Sporen und Silicoftagellaten aus den Hi- jirika wa-Schichten (Obermiozan) der Halbinsel Noto, Zentral-Japan. Bull. References Cited Fac. Educa. Kanazawa Univ., 17, S., pp. 41-56, 7 Abb., 2 Tab. AXELROD, D.l. (1956) : Mio-Pliocene Floras GROOT, J.J. (1966) : Some Observations on from west-central Nevada. U niv. Cali Pollen Grains in Suspension in the Estu fornia Publ. Geol. Sci., 33. ary of the Delaware River. Marine BAcHMANN, A. (1962) : The Silicoftagellides Geology, 4, 6 (special issue: Marine in the Wakura Beds, Nanao City, Pre Palynology), pp. 409-416, 2 figs., 2 tabs. fecture Ishikawa, Japan. Sci. Rept., - & GROOT, C.R. (1966a) : Pollen Spectra 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Noto-III 201 from Deep-sea Sediments as Indicators of the Kanazawa Univ., 43, 70 p., 3 pis., & of Climatic Changes in Southern South tabs., 21 text-figs., 2 maps. America. Marine Geology, 4, 6, pp. SATO, S. (1963): Palynological.Study on Mio 525-538, 4 figs., 1 tab. cene Sediments on Hokkaido, Japan. -- & -- (1966b) : Marine Palynology: Pos jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ., Ser. IV,. sibilities, Limitations, Problems. Marine XII, 1, 110 p., 19 pis., 17 tabs., 36 figs. Geology, 4, 6, pp. 387-396, 2 pis. SHIMAKURA, M. (1959) : Pollenstratigraphical ]IMBO, T. (1964) : The Pollen Flora of Studies of the Japanese Cenozoic Forma Japan since Pliocene Time and its tion -II-. The Kobe Group and Akashi. Macropaleobotanical Background. Sci. Group. Bull. Nara Gakugei Univ., 8, 2, Rept. Tohoku Univ., Ser. IV, XXX, 1. pp. 65-75, 4 text-figs., 4 tabs., 2 pis. KASE!'\O, Y. (1963) : Geology of Southern -- (1960) : Pollenstratigraphical Studies of Noto Peninsula, Central Japan, with Re· the Japanese Cenozoic Formations -IV-. ference to the Cenozoic History. Sci. The Nishiyama Oil Field, Niigata Pre Rept. Kanazawa Univ., 8, 2, pp. 541-568, fecture and the Ningy6t6ge Uranium 11 text-figs., 1 tab., 4 pis. Mine, Chugoku District. Bull. Nara KORENEVA, E.V. (1966): Marine Palynolo Gakugei Univ., 9, 2, pp. 33-42, 2 text gical Researches in the U.S.S.R. Marine figs., 2 tabs., 2 pis. Geology, 4, 6 (special issue: Marine Paly STANLEY, E.A. (1966) : The Problem of Re nology), pp. 565-574, 3 figs. worked Pollen and Spores in Marine MAcKo, S. (1957) : Pollen Grains and Spores Sediments. Marine Geology, 4, 6, pp. from Miocene Brown Coals in Lower 397-408, 2 pis. Silesia-1-. Prace Wroclawskiego Towar TANAI, T. (1963): Neogene Floral Change zystwa Naukowego, Travaux de la Societie in Japan. jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido, des Sciences et des Lettres de Wroclaw, Univ., Ser. IV, XI, 2, 398 p., 32 pis., 15 Ser. B, 96, pp. 1-108, 5 text-figs., 3 tabs., tabs., 7 figs. 57 pis. ZAGWIJN, W.H. (1966) : A Pollen-analytical MISAW A, M. (1960) : Geological Study on the Study of Cores from the Outer Silver Neogene Formations in the North-East Pit, North Sea. Marine Geology, 4, 6 Slope of the Hodatsu-san; Southern Noto (special issue: Marine Palynology), pp. Peninsula, Japan (MS). Graduation Thesis 539-552, 4 figs., 3 tabs. 202 Norio FUJI Explanation of Plate 21 Fig. 1. Picea, lateral view, 84 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20145. Fig. 2. Abies, oblique lateral view, 104 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20146. Fig. 3. Pinus, oblique polar view, 64 p.; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshimizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20147. Fig. 4. Pinus, polar view, a surface pattern structure of grain, 48 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20148. Fig. 5. Pinus, polar view, a surface pattern structure of air-sack, 48 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20148. Fig. 6. Pinus, polar view, 64 p; Locality No. 3, Oginoya, Shio Town; the lower horizon of upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20149. Fig. 7. Metasequoia, lateral view, 26 p.; Locality No.4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle hori zon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20150. Fig. 8. Tsuga, polar view, 62 p.; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshimizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20151. Fig. 9. Tsuga, polar view, 70 p.; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshimizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJcoll. cat. no. 20152. Fig. 10. Inapertipollenites sp., 54 f!; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20153. Fig. 11. Taxodiaceae, lateral view, 36 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20154. Fig. 12. Pleuricellaesporites sp. a, lateral view; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshi mizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20155. Fig. 13. Pleuricellaesporites sp. b, lateral view; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshi mizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20156. Fig. 14. Pleuricellaesporites sp. c, lateral view; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20157. Fig. 15. Pleuricellaesporites sp. d, lateral view, 36 p.; Locality No. 4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle horizon of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20158. Fig. 16. Pseudotsuga, lateral view, 92 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20159. Fig. 17. Pseudotsuga, lateral view, 100 f!; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20160. Fig. 18. Hysterichosphaeridium sp., lateral view, 42 p.; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20161. Fig. 19. Hysterichosphaeridium sp., lateral view, 64 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20162. Fig. 20. Hysterichosphaeridium sp., lateral view, 50 p.; Locality No.6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20163. Fig. 21. Hysterichosphaeridium sp., lateral view, 58 p.; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coJl.. cat. no. 20164. FUJI: Spores and pollen from the N eogene of Noto-IJJ Plate 21 1 7 5 11 9 10 12 13 14 18 19 20 21 560. Spores and Pollen from the Neogene of Nato-III 20:i Ainoura ~8 / i1H Kuwanoin / I~J·c Akage ill< of: Mitoku * j!ffj Akashi R}l ::fi Nanao t }4}, Aniai F>i!J i= ~ No to "'")jt; :1i .L, .AI:::~ Daijima lc:l ~ Noto.jima )jt;--"'- ,fff.j I§L Ebisaka iliJ 0/5~ Oginoshima r-x. / CU) {:)- Entsunagi *~ ~~ Oginoya r-x. / Hakui ~~ IYF- Oitani 0/5 {:)- )i''i Hara Yh Sakuragaoka tt< 7 li:. Hida ffi: !Slll Shikinami jp: iBz. Hijirikawa Ifn Ill Shingu ~if 't~r Hiradoko ""'-'¥- VK Shinjo trr I± ± H6datsu·san ~ )f LlJ Shio 1~\ Jdf; Hojuji il~ 11. ~ Shoshigahara J'JT'I¥] ?"JJR Hokkaid6 ~t iiU ill Sunagozaka li;l! .:r- ;!:Jj Hokuriku ~t 1\ili T6nokuma ~ / tm ~ Honshu 1+1 Toyama I'E ILl Ichinoshima * / !},~ Tsuboike ±¥ rill l'izuka ft& ~ Tsuchikura ± 1.1 Ishikawa ::fi Ill Tsukada jJ}; Ill Iwabuchi :6 1:X!J Wakura fll fr Kanazawa {IZ iR Yamatoda LlJ p Ill 204 Norio FUJI Explanation of Plate 22 Fig. 22. Zelkova, polar view, 38 fl; Locality No. 1, Hijirikawa, Shio Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20165. Fig. 23. Alnus, polar view, 30 f.!.; Locality No. 3, Oginoya, Shio Town; the lower horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20166. Fig. 24. Myriophyllum, polar view, 37 fl; Locality No. 1, Hijirikawa, Shio Town; the lower most horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20167. Fig. 25. Carya, polar view, 48 fl; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20168. Fig. 26. Betula, polar view, 40 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20169. Fig. 27. Carya, polar view, 42 fl; Locality No. 1, Hijirikawa, Shio Town; the lowermost hori zon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20170. Fig. 28. Tilia, polar view, 27 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20171. Fig. 29. Cf. Tilia, polar view, 31 fl; Locality No. 3, Oginoya, Shio Town; the lower horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20172. Fig. 30. Liquidambar, lateral view, 30 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower horizon of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20173. Fig. 31. Alnus, polar view, 24 fl; Locality No. 4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20174. Fig. 32. ]uglans, lateral view, 40 fl; Locality No. 2, near Mt. Suemoriyama, Oshimizu Town; the lowermost horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20175. Fig. 33. Cf. ]uglans, lateral view, 42 fl; Locality No. 3, Oginoya, Shio Town; the lower hori zon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20176. Fig. 34. Corylus, lateral view, 28 fl; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20177. Fig. 35. Nyssa, polar view, 35 fl; Locality No. 4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20178. Fig. 36. Fagus, equatorial view, 32 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20179. Fig. 37. Fagus, equatorial view, 30 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20180. Fig. 38. Fagus, oblique polar view, 46 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20181. Fig. 39. Fagus, oblique polar view, 40 fl; Locality No. 4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20182. Fig. 40. Fagus, oblique equatorial view, 32 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20183. Fig. 41. Fagus, oblique equatorial view, 42 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20184. Fig. 42. Fagus, oblique polar view, 40 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20185. Fig. 43. Quercus (deciduous), oblique equatorial view, 42 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town ; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20186. Fig. 44. Quercus (deciduous), equatorial view, 36 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20187. Fig. 45. Quercus (evergreen), equatorial view, 23 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20188. Fig. 46. ? Tricolporopollenites sp., polar view, 32 fl; Locality No. 6, Syuku, Oshimizu Town; the lower part of the Oginoya Member ; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20189. Fig. 47. Salix, polar view, 28 fl; Locality No. 4, Oginoya, Shio Town; the middle horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20190. Fig. 48. Monoletepollenites sp., equatorial view, 36 fl; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ col!. cat. no. 20191. Fig. 49. Cf. Monoletepollenites sp., equatorial view, 33 fl; Locality No. 5, Shikinami, Shio Town; the upper horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coli. cat. no. 20192. Fig. 50. Chenopodium, equatorial view, 34 fl; Locality No. 1, Hijirikawa, Shio Town; the lower horizon of the upper part of the Hijirikawa Member; EKZJ coil. cat. no. 20193. Fun: Spore13 an,d ]Jollen f?·om the Neogene of Noto-III Plate 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 47 50 {0J .A= ~m fill Jll! 1-ili 13 * :It ")( ~~~ 1 9 7 0 'cj:. 1 Fl 19, 20 13 1969 if- l2 FJ 1 13 , "~ · ;~ JJN. A J· 1 9 7 0 '. J. 6 J J NEWS 0 1st Interamerican Micropaleontological Coloquium i.J ;, 1970 :if 7 R 19-30 1:1 f~ T exas -c- IJI1 iJ ' ~c 0o i::. hf;J: Texas (7) .1:.)1[18 Illi* :i~l'f;O)Hit.:UU!~~f6) L- L f~{*~};;<~i- 0 t-:1;()(7)~~-c ;Ji;, 0o !It I 11 A~~ ~fc f;J:fit 1Ji iJU; ;0rJ , 22 f::,;J:-c ( 9c7r'fi lll ~i) . :&=1J n!(4m: 1 A 325$ ( Tf'li l:i1*-'t(7) fll!.~ ~~ts ) o 1970 {j.'. 5 J~ 15 1J ;!: -c· f.:::. 81.25 $ ~-'(- ;{_ -c, Dr. Emile A. P ESSAGNO Jr., U ni v. of Texas at Dallas, P.O. Box 30365, Dall as, Texas 75230 1 9 6 9 if- 12 Fl 5 13 ,UL.. 95 fj :¥if· B ·& 1: ~?J -7- ~ 1 9 6 9 :if 12 FJ1 0 13 **7~* '* l]l '}f: n~ tl!l 'W: '* *x ~ l*l Wu 1f =1¥f 00 lb~ ~ ~ x- 13 * -s ':1:. ~<~'!f. S;-¥& 'i§- • *c ~~ ;: Wli A11.~76 -'% (til{ j~ 1=1 ~ * >11 84780 ill') 600 p:j r:!'J A~ O =1¥f ]J!~ JJt 'llll i"J .~ 1K ll'.!: ::E ~t 2 ; 13 '!f:vffi~~l D,ffiU:tA New Series No. 76 December 10, 1969 CONTENTS TRANSACTIONS 558. OBATA, lkuwo : Lower Cretaceous ammonites from the Miyako Group. Part 3; Some douvilleiceratids from the Miyako Group ...... 165 559. MATSUMOTO, Tatsuro and HIRATA, Motome: A new ammonite from the Shimantogawa Group of Shikoku ...... 177 560. FUJI, Norio: Fossil spores and pollen grains from the Neogene deposits in Noto Peninsula, Central japan-III. A palynological study of the Pliocene Oginoya and Late Miocene Hijirikawa Members ...... 185