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Review of Evidence and Global Strategy for Violence Prevention

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Review of Evidence and Global Strategy for Violence Prevention Flávia Carbonari, Alys Willman, Federico Manolio, Sofia Reinach and David Marques MARCH 2020 A Review of the Evidence and a Global Strategy for Violence Prevention Acronyms AIPR Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation CBT Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CPTED Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design C&V Crime and Violence CVE Countering Violent Extremism DRC Democratic RepuBlic of Congo FGM Female Genital Mutilation GReVD GloBal Registry of Violent Deaths IDP Internally Displaced Persons IP Interpersonal Violence IPV Intimate Partner Violence IRC International Rescue Committee ISIL Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant KVC Know Violence in Childhood NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NET Narrative Exposure Therapy PBC Peacebuilding Commission PVE Preventing Violent Extremism RCT Randomized Control Trial SDG SustainaBle Development Goal SV Sexual Violence UCDP Uppsala Conflict Data Program UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime VAC Violence Against Children VAW Violence Against Women VAWG Violence against Women and Girls VE Violent Extremism WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization 1 Table of Contents Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5 State of the ProBlem .................................................................................................................................................... 5 What Works to Prevent Different Forms of Violence .................................................................................................. 7 Specific Elements that Need to Be Taken into Account ............................................................................................... 9 Challenges and Opportunities to Take Prevention to Scale ....................................................................................... 10 Recommendations for a GloBal Strategy to Prevent Violence and Accelerate Development Impact ....................... 11 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Challenges and Limitations ........................................................................................................................................ 14 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................................. 14 Structure of the Report .............................................................................................................................................. 14 2. World Security Challenges & Distribution Across the Globe .............................................................................................................. 16 2.1 Conflict ................................................................................................................................................................. 17 2.2 Mass Atrocities and Human Rights Abuses .......................................................................................................... 22 2.3 Violent Extremism ................................................................................................................................................ 24 2.4 Urban Violence and Organized Crime .................................................................................................................. 28 2.5 Interpersonal Violence ......................................................................................................................................... 34 2.6 Data Gaps and Convergences ............................................................................................................................... 38 3. Existing Evidence for Effective Prevention of Different Types of Violence .................................................................................... 40 3.1 Conflict ................................................................................................................................................................. 40 3.2 Mass Atrocities and Human Rights Abuses .......................................................................................................... 46 3.3 Violent Extremism ................................................................................................................................................ 50 3.4 Urban Violence and Organized Crime .................................................................................................................. 56 3.5 Interpersonal Violence ......................................................................................................................................... 62 4. Common Principles and Specific Elements for Effective Prevention ............................................................................................. 68 Violence in All of Its Forms ......................................................................................................................................... 68 Common Principles for the Prevention of All Forms of Violence ............................................................................... 69 Areas for Further Research and Cross Learning ......................................................................................................... 72 Specific Elements to Address Different Forms of Violence ........................................................................................ 73 Challenges of Taking Prevention to Scale .................................................................................................................. 74 Opportunities: The Need and Benefits of Breaking the Silos ..................................................................................... 75 5. The Way Forward: Ideas for a Global Strategy to Prevent Violence and Accelerate Development Impact ................................. 77 Typology of Global Strategies .................................................................................................................................... 77 Lessons and Recommendations for a Global Strategy for Violence Prevention ........................................................ 78 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................................ 82 Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................................................... 83 2 GloBal Strategies Review – Newspapers Articles & WeBsites .................................................................................... 96 Annex 1. List of Experts Interviewed ................................................................................................................................................ 97 Annex 2. Detailed Analysis of Global Strategies .............................................................................................................................. 98 NO MORE ................................................................................................................................................................... 98 Me Too ....................................................................................................................................................................... 98 Ni Una Menos ............................................................................................................................................................. 99 Change Starts Here ................................................................................................................................................... 100 The ONE Campaign ................................................................................................................................................... 100 Instinto de Vida ........................................................................................................................................................ 101 Black Lives Matter .................................................................................................................................................... 101 Endnotes ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 106 3 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by a team from the Brazil Forum on Public Safety led by Flávia Carbonari and composed of Alys Willman, Federico Manolio, and Sofia Reinach. The report was supported by the Pathfinders for Peaceful, Just and Inclusive Societies – a group of UN member states, international organizations, global partnerships, civil society,
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