<<

JHEP04(2004)014 .pdf del the 2004 2004 in 6, -mo 10, A ears April /jhep042004014 SISSA/ISAS the 14 Chern-Simons January app 40 of or 200 f h for k 04 ep ccepted: . hec jh del whic c A s/ er dels mo , Received: pap u first e/ Chern-Simons Mo ed iv Publishing California ch surface h. the ar matrix t/ tec .i the a Matrix ssa the vides Southern of California Riemann pro e of asnov of of and Y the curv http://jhep.si This Theories, adim V ectral University University Institute [email protected] sp spaces precisely , 2. and conifold. by is c > edu the p onomy, p gy c. Z Physics, Chern-Simons / ), us 3 that p al Astr Lens U.S.A. Okuda S Z / , chnolo U.S.A. etic a 3 e du orbifolded y and U.S.A. Published T S or ( ∗ c.e of 93106, space akuy up, The T T 90089, Expansion, wn del 91125, CA for Physics demonsrate for ab Lens dualit CA e a, blo y of 1/N 2004 ar CA, Institute W mo the N halmagyi@physics. the Barb dualit ct: Institute ngeles, on to ords: A artment Halmagyi, N rge- os Kavli Dep L [email protected] Santa California E-mail: Pasadena, SISSA/ISAS b c a c Nick La matrix ° Keyw Abstra theory large- mirror JHEP04(2004)014 ] ] ] ) ) a 1 7 2 4 p p as et to as or [8 [9 y the Z Z F [14 w w t osed / / ]. , (1.1) (1.2) get In 3 3 inside of [4 In theory theory matrix S S del ological to e alen ( ( ’s This ∗ ∗ en prop 0. 1 p theory CS mo . orthogonal P T T theory Z top op = 1 acuum. (CS) curv vided these v a P equiv p of the to holes to for the F an the y is pro → encer using for and the of in of 1 h description. ]. In matrix ectral ) single − . een us p er urther, y [11 sp O a dualit b v Z F del o reduced / this acua function (whic gen form + in 3 generalize N v mo daira-Sp 1 the ) S of ( 3 − es from dualit all evidence since ∗ ], Chern-Simons all the S Ko O ( do T 13 large- ∗ to er theory N in deformation , has v of T 1) on studied o the matrix summing solid ed een partition y string the y − [12 a description. as w on function pro first large- w tribution vit pu et solv the then (HCS) it + with b , del has of del v dualit ) gra as con e y p of viding v structure mo w exhibit e theory Z and , -mo / ting 1)( pro this u the en/closed 3 to – agree summation A orldsheet e partition conifold del − afa , S ( form dualit of 1 of op w p v Kahler to a en e function – F mo the on matrix ( holes) the only of the presen complex an e the op t = to a 2 wup = ossible a wn of and of pro er ) p Chern-Simons an e and fan = conifold xy v and blo explicit w the geometry b has ]), curv sho ev e this p a theory , matrix e us ) w [1 een Dijkgraaf-V u ed includes p an tifold w partition y the as e b 3 een ho Z ( b gen w CS limit of dual y S / p the w case 3 b example F should 3 the et orldsheet not in ectral ts extend S orien form ed N on oft ( S b w resolv en and ∗ the that an sp theory Whilst to del y T Ho has A the Holomorphic on is giv this ]. or function wn ely it the ]. mo F ’t large- to [6 taking del ], is [3 ) theory a argumen [5 and describ y string sho dualit of terest e that e X b ] X mo expansion the y in a in of theory as wn it tical. conifold. [10 wn w (CS) an is matrix reasons partition transition theory CS it in ed kno erturbativ oses ariet from sho general iden some of ] p (call v geometries (i.e. 8 studied is this duction or duction orbifold matrix el of ] , ts F these p are the purp onding [2 [7 also Z resolv expanded string . is tro lev tro y / oric y del, ten 3 conifold 3 b other In It The T The The In as mirror the S In S dels the the w . -mo erhaps olynomials . . . A for 3 p theory and at closed 2 of on on originally the it corresp and A 1. The Con 1 Chern-Simons predictions mo where dualit calculated p JHEP04(2004)014 ) 3 s in all S set del g afa co- del the the the the (2.1) (2.5) (2.4) (2.2) (2.3) term ed ), th for of there- mo mo 2 (in matrix the I for ) erturba- p a from fibration. (∆ p to Hori-V Z / as The review cuts, suitable 3 off order precisely . S matrix e matrix the a h } orbifold ( teraction b is alues 1 ∗ found p v in T the read − Z e expression this 2. written b p e will branc after of particular using of compared self leading e b eigen > .., the e . b p a , ot , p 2 0 of ¶ this the of threefold dual ro { ) This of that can could can u curv Then y for explicit ∈ of ( e ] on !! N b sets although y . J I V this [8 I 1 find t s an 2 factors, p 1 d del duli. P g curv factor ¶ square Z ! ectral o large- I i + − alues / to that alence er w ! mo e 3 dualit v u and -mo sp µ index principle J j t 2 resolution v v I j inside . 2 S u o A u − erall the a N 2 differen led of in ha an ectral v ) z − 2 the − o equiv ecomes I i 2 eigen wing )exp y h I i sp µ b u I i b u u een ( u ( space for tifies an fact sho large- duct 2 w the This closed el surface the à – ,i à structure whic I et geometry coth The X in 2 )∆ es fibration i of b pro lab iden has p v u the d Lens e construct this – i first ( p sinh e a es sinh X 1 = 2 function set w A of 2 s to pro is ∆ tial ) do the ed g à and h h à sheets. I i k u mirror curv Riemann j ( expression complex it = olv tegrals. o i,j on du 6= Y eac V i oten Y v hec del ) w teraction in I whic c explicitly z p t an to the in =1 ( N I oks tegral o w W where case, In t for lo fore tiv resolv resolv free section p resolv (∆ sp mirror 2. con T ordinate in The JHEP04(2004)014 I t t 1 or N the en F − s that only with (2.7) (2.9) (2.6) (2.8) g p result . (2.14) (2.13) (2.10) (2.11) (2.12) ) e In matrix review. v = /p /p I resolv ha argumen w iI iI S only ulti jumps π . π no cuts. 2 t 2 m . 2 correct the 2 also total S y en − ! are that b e the of J z will + w the ( I the I d e of ) ¶ , ω to w cut) resolv general clear e + ) there /p parameters z ts h J j shifts find 2 (2.5 is ( th yp or iI 0 u ), t f e en F I π it oft to ( total leads separated − 2 = ) whic rom I i 2 the Ho , − F ] w is (2.12 u ¶ the I i line. ’t resolv (2.6 pz relativ à no y iI u on [14 . p b ossible π = is , − alue cut ¶ 2 p . real in v 2 are z sheet. rom I duce / coth in , iI is with − th F p ω e t ¶¶ µ π iS , I ed S z assumption j − fixed . it the 2 tro k π en e I iI X function, S − µ eigen 2 p p in I π on is individual − I A that h 2 deriv coth Z 6= hec = = come ω = z second this c X J – assumption as ¶ ) ) + µ + terested s along ¶ also eac resolv ws ts z z z 3 dz g y I 2 that ( ( can z motion er, in e ) the / iI other cycle – ω regular en ˜ − ω ω z p µ and ω e cut + w an π for ev ( of e I a follo 2 w only − I on w e ω all iI ! total th X A p ω ed = I , t →∞ I j it π lim most − I I z lim z 2 A Ho u means →−∞ ) resolv = limit + z en z I mak t Z P the 2 ) − + µ elop ]. ( ¶ are 1 2 the this z N motion I i g I i ( spread oin e in 17 I = iI u This u not ω p p dev of equation equations ot. X w , π construct resolv µ à 2 p t. rom A e ro h 16 large- do F i the cuts w alues the − + , een this the X e oin around v individual ) b z ). coth p w the w at of z the whic z [15 of of I i function µ ( ( the X 2 6= I No t, equation + the j er square X s tour has ω eigen ω v this ω g s en 2 1 a that o alue ), t true g limit d µ limit p ds. v z jumps con at taking is ( The the en 2 1 = ) N regular = N ω . z I i not erio ) I ( the a Note resolv the t cut z 0 p S tegral Therefore metho pu is ( that is is ω I en t el resolv f in large- . ) ) large- regular if ery P z z total lab ( ( /p this case. ev ticipating the This ˜ = f the ω e the are the iI resolv enden π so the S to W An 0 assume our en ). 2 dels z e 6= ( rom y and where where indep F Giv Since and and W ω mo total for I example, b due JHEP04(2004)014 . I t e = B w A ots /p the en v I that (3.1) h iI ro using series . (2.16) (2.15) (2.18) (2.19) (2.17) del. the π P ) 2 see er 1 and resolv cylinders = whic P w -mo = o u o A A z → p will aluating w the cycles, t distinct t ≡ 1 a e ev geometry − from p the z sheet. of W oin 2 y as O cycle p b . in I + where has S map, 1 the Here the , other mirror . − it 0 er where , ailable , at O found 1) consists v v p ( , sheet )). = the the o a noncompact e 2 ¶ is small µ e + b ´ mirror of p nu of = on of (1.1 Z e are (the parameters 1 cut Z n curv y d A ) 4 d afa set tegral I y degree 1 part + ’th − could S conifold in b a =1 ( − · I det ) p (from p X sheet n · h n region · Z infinit Z the v ed d ectral en Kahler as 0 ( 2 2 . the e the ds. 2 Hori-V also + of sp at g the S/ S/ of giv ! whic = + 1 ]. of is t − − 4 3 ysical , − 1 p erio p e e is in z z p resolv the [18 n the fixed – F oin e ph d − -p − ter Z 2 1 non-trivial = = is 1 p 4 z z written alues ) A S us of ) ) − v functions the e e a – Z only cen t p à There the ( Z Z the curv b d duli apply ( ( Th + g of olynomial to = g g the is ³ p on + conifold the already 0 alid 1) mo large A 1 2 p h can a v y get e geometry enden → 1 cut − →∞ lim Z v then µ Z ectral lim is ed cycles. ( is )) that Z v to ely that 2 3 − ha sp + whic h ’th ) ot A toric S log p S/ orbifold e ( I infinit indep will pu Z deformation − ∗ ro of w e ( p = e 1 e the on T Note at are ω Z whic vior, ) resolv parameters. ( the 1)( W = − negativ tioning Z ’s 2 1 ) ( p surface I for − eha 1 cut basics that the to Since ω Z S − ends b v square ) the cuts. ( men h starts e ds. p g ). ( the p structure see only of dep eac the conifold onds through e form, (2.14 for ) orth w cycle only (2.13 are e w Z es Riemann metho ) ( along I limiting the g is construct go on B under solv of parameters around corresp the It complex h w the there (2.18 reference toric a orbifold and deformed tegrals us end no 2. can ), d oft Eac / in o th is has ) e together rom go d dep Ho ω function cycles h h region is The W F obtain will function a The (2.16 − ’t 1 finite) e erio y S The glued The that and p ( b whic the cycles. can whic standard 3. W is this in JHEP04(2004)014 . . 1 y h is 3 = y of h. P b ξ 1), 1), 2). 1), for the but ) 2 2 , , and first that i 2 (3.4) (3.2) (3.3) toric p, 0 p, u σ 1 ν patc y ( → , , action patc us e) ( w , P 1 L = dualit of 1 p (0 p the spanned ordinate ertices − y 3 endix Th = satisfying Z A ( = sho v , η is N = first related of cone co i . v , ) p ositiv 2 v ( 2 2 t base of A o = app ˇ p σ ξ 14 Z x the second not e w p will / 1 u the are 4 t the v 3 u , x v large- e the fan , the , S and are and ha language 0) p 2 = the W , On , 1) ecome x e 2 quotien 1 on and 24 matrix , . , b 13 η , osed 1 extend w 0 u p 1 , (see for , , u the real , toric P x 3 1 (0 , space ( 14 12 the p 3 ξ v the is (0 standard 12 p in η , u u ordinates er = and prop they 2 u u µ v or in := v , = co + + The , o bundle. = F 14 , 12 ed ), ) y simply = second Lens trivially 11 1 The 3 3 1 u u z y 2 the b 11 24 11 v 1 u ξ v e , η P u , , η functions 1 1). + y of 2 pu pu 2 0) W y the act the η b ξ 1) these , − tained b x → that , . , 0 = = = /u, describ 1 1 p, es , 1 1 1 x, on ξ , side P (assuming con , − t will ( space. 24 22 23 (1 hes − A, y giv = (0 ordinates. u u u , µ O manifold. -singularit p on generated = imply v 0 ! p h + are co and ( + = + = 1 spanned this patc this transition y enien A other ) x = 11 2 1 − satisfying b er 22 v ( | 2 2 = – is o u − of generated 3 0 z α v u ) whic ! 1 an z , w 5 , 4 fib 3 O = , | the these t 1 2 ˇ 1 σ con ν α 0 η is ordinates ), – z 0) these λ λ , ) singular of , ). + 13 3 0 , , e that 2 à p relations 1 on clearly wup co . 2 2 z u 0 the 0) ordinates à b the | η as symmetry σ the , Z , de , αz o ij togther t h 1 , 0 , the / , + since 7→ , co /λ A 1 faces. z blo p u y w (1 3 (0 | 1 on where 1 t η , of 11 Z 0 suc ( , 11 14 A S λ can y u for ( ( enco αz x = = a b action arian cone the ∗ ( ( pu − pu ely glued v fibration acts their 1 first 3 y T = to up relations is conifold, v en ν fan b ectors in → p = = = erlap trivialize duce ) , basis v ) w the are expressed v 2 Z ) p ectiv o giv a 0) ed 3 and 23 21 13 x the The e . to Z no tro the z , u u u 2 b . / 2 wing is p, , 1 orbifold duce in co-ordinates 3 ( is 1 σ x 3 resp + where ose that get the homogeneous ux z M S e , blo ( S 2 ( tro designed , 1 resolv e = u, particular can used need 12 w ∗ ho ˇ 3 σ = this ( in σ geometry c in w u v a e is of fibre 2 e T as the On 2 ordinates , find , remaining ν e e b y w 2 The the transformation , is , of co w v and e W 1 . this ). , the ) are all 1) 1 w this 4 threefold 4 to of cones , . ectors Z ˇ σ can z ) v erform i/p ux first v , conifold 2 ) on 23 π (1 p cedure − 1 dual on 2 λ Similarly y Namely u = (3 , ordinates tire P e the b , this sets : 3 w ed geometry = 1 but . (3.2 N z orbifold pro co en 1 o y 22 p 3 = cones of of GL orbifold no 1 − ξ λ u acts y w e therefore, lattice ν , ( α t , e b a v oric 1 p rom /u, the = resolv 21 determines F T The W 1 h, hes Z can large- dual ha the u /λ 2 en 2 e us ξ = e y 1 λ this generated where consists After b for the These notations). ( w ξ patc patc v geometry giv W where non-trivially The the th where the resulting JHEP04(2004)014 i ] 1 h ). y is ∈ 1) 1 tly − , the − and [21 i e Q eac (3.6) zero. (3.5) ν p { 1 ( , in σ +2 for surface =0 to · = p i recen = 0 · figure i that · generated P D . , = v wn set 1 manifold . ere 1 from e P = , 0 w m ] b 0 y dra (see seen 1 w cone → +3 2 z = y P to p Riemann 1 +1) toric lattice σ j b v ducing are y − a ( is , b er , the , . . . − O a v en the e tro easily the Setting +2 oth ¶ o j + p of en Q t 0 in fans from v 1 ]. is . giv of v2 − , − ] y . get e giv 1 smo . b It 2 O v [22 , e , [ ariables +3 is are 2 − =1 0 p . v w , j p X of , , σ these ectors 0) . v olume i the w , , . , v v y , + 0, 1 . . 0) )th fibrations v j . , σ 3 +2 1 of for ], . y . p these = p . . . 7 , u, . the the v + generators (5+ v 1 0 . A ∆ , 0 , , , , harge y orbifold 4 of geometry 6 0 py c 0 0 v 2 [ , v cones , , engineering . . − the v5 . , . Z 0 0 fan e v4 , 1 . . , , 1 v1 one ectors the v . other . . 0 − [ v the , diagrams are . . p , columns, the t 0 . – . mirror setting ], off The , , − ], . normalize 6 and of 0 6 eb 0 0 7 . and v the t , , the , e a v , w e – the t 0 0 , 0 5 3. y They w and geometric divide , , 6 , v b + ], read 0 0 v 1 = , + 0 , , 1 of i 24 j, − 2), 4 1 v sub p toric y . . py , , . del. [ , v , , [ can 1 e − ai 1 − . 1) ], resolution e where . w e − 2 [23 oses geometry mo ], Q p 1 . − , v3 v 6 + i w . − The . , . 1 , 1, p v p spanned to 5 the ≤ j t , rearranging , P ( ∆ 1 5 − p, +3 j 1. purp to , This e p v − y = for − , v sigma b µ (0 ( ≤ . 4 i , to + cone fan 2 v 1 the . After 3 [ e fan v manifold, = = = (1 y [ 1] b for equal ]. − , ], j 1 0 j the the for ], 2 e 0 linear − 5 Q According Q to v , oth ] The p 4+ [19 related 0) v of , figure + y , [0 , Q . 21 . 2. , } 0 , 3 4 1: +3 y 4 , 0 in v smo p − are geometry 0] olume y , − − v , p , v a 1 3 e = data e , denotes [20 1 2 onding i , v v 4 i [ , ( y 2 ≤ ] + o v v , [ in i [0 threefold w j 1 has the fields 1 of , Figure = , ab Q ], v i ≤ 0] = i 5 w = obtain , ν v corresp the this 1 0 u, 0 , p P o the rom [ no , 3 | T F union v [1 es , the +3 4 p y v Here the where [ cone of inside b giv cases where Z where Eliminating considered JHEP04(2004)014 = for can R . (3.7) p e N thank w Science of , in to 0 i tersection Ooguri π e = in + alues lik v   0 cones t u the National G03-92ER40701. + +1) Hiroshi ( 1 ,−1 ) ould j 3 some (ii) ( 1 , 3 ) ( y the w e y for DE-F /p = b 1 ) t and (−1 ,−2 ) v p − thank olyhedral TO p Z t p ∆ / ( 1 , 1 ) /p, 3 gran 1 +1) in (NH) also S j − ( e p ∗ t +( T j W t ( 1 , 1 ) DOE part − cone rational − of ]. y ( 1 , 2 ) 0 e a in b y p=4 [6 2 ex discussions. − =1 − v j (−1 ,−3 ) p X dual also (−1 , 1 ) = ject + (TO) N con orted is u u – e pro useful 7 ∆ /p and supp 1 – large- − in for p as t fan e the strongly w related a   ( 1 ,−1 ) h of cone of a v ( 1 , 2 ) cone. y e y Gomis b h on − an transformation 1 eac researc ( 1, 1) ed of PHY99-07949 − diagrams of 0 ( 0 , 1 ) p=3 t Jaume collection e oration eb No. (−1 , −1 ) This face a w t ). + face a ( 1 , 1 ) is describ a ( 1 , 0 ) 1) ts (i) n p=2 thank co-ordinate collab is toric y (2.19 Gran − (−1 ,−2 ) Z v uscript. to ∆ for = the + (−1 , 1) that The e in pu ariet h N e under man lik v 2: as after in suc 1)( precisely the Ooguri , wledgmen w cones − ∆ is R ould this oric v o w h Z No e T Figure w kno ( ⊗ t fan oundation reading Hiroshi F A. whic write Ac NH A N of JHEP04(2004)014 , , 1 = = j, ]. i u i form M , s,r define [18 i p i,r ∩ . High and z or. i i,r the · ˇ σ u 121 · 641 J. 637 invariants , · , . The in gauge . wing 1 B avity 311 i . Chern-Simons 1 s, . gr p i, that dv. i,r , z Phys. of u 1 A follo | (1995) h of i , i, strings , , r Phys. e or · u d (1994) C · suc the e-manifold ory · 133 of ) e , Math. ∈ i is mirr 1 hep-th/0212128 r the ersymmetric 165 i, ) Nucl. thr , , a i ondenc u , · er sup i,r · hep-th/9809187 Math. as maximal 1. z esp · of unoriente , , , enc I ative g. ]. Phys. = 2 of · o orr del relations and , · c duality j Commun. and 1 · functions ∆ Pr functions 0. a-Sp , mo , j . , tal N 1 0 i,j,r = erturb ∈ } q i, = j,r ]. p i Math. i j dels z z dair strings, ge- ory σ relations ( ( · strings σ j,l { ometry · mo al Ko ∈ u lar · the and i,j al Matrix tal artition 1 v a u p gic := olynomial 0 i,j,l ∀ gic 1 cone p als 0 i,j, transition afa, q , i of ts ). q fundamen j, ]. olo afa, ory/ge – 0 σ V gr } h olo z ]. hep-th/0211098 Commun. V string matrix j [ i =1 · U 8 of r l oin , top ≥ the · C. a and top i inte eac · p – C. jones ) i,j,r P , as q v 010 i,r set as 2 fundamen + z or and hep-th/0206255 , h and [ a · the u, F 1 and i,l dels, of · ( gauge , 3 | harts derivation . ory u · . i c 0 ory matrix R lattice 1 Chern-Simons mo patc { and et N R (2004) find set the ear. the amplitudes i,j,l , M 1 i,j, , q a = q i, the Ooguri j · of ose ory, ∈ and 02 z Chern-Simons · hep-th/0305134 ory Marino the app σ M-the On (2002) [ + i · =1 hep-th/9811131 , r l u [ H. ho i , the Z v, ]. Matrix the gauge { c to string find ( 1 M. σ via dels P , , afa, afa, 002 i 644 Worldshe i i Phys. = V V := lattice ˇ σ ˇ asno σ i,r mo afa, 1415 define i field s B hes Y u V gy ˇ σ C. C. , afa, construct i + cones form Cecotti, 0, V Ooguri, V. σ C. ]. ]. Z (2004) dual Klemm, as cone . cone quantum to patc of S. = Ener and and C. Phys. (1999) + H. matrix , the o A. 02 · and and i,j for 3 the · w Chern-Simons cone in t u · dual Chern-Simons Quantum pair dual cone e and . and High Soft j hep-th/0205297 b h s,j h h h Nucl. + [ cedure p j,r Phys. , . J. the 1 3 351 esults Phys. } u i, eac , M r eac eac eac dual s =1 pro i , u gy r j ∀ . Bershadsky Tierz, Marino, Aganagic, + Ooguri Halmagyi Gopakumar Gopakumar Dijkgraaf Okuda Witten, Witten, ories ory or or or or , . 1 . P Z the F Glue F F F Let hep-th/9309140 hep-th/9207094 Ener the exact [ the (2002) [ hep-th/0207096 Math. (1989) M. M. R. M. H. E. R. E. T. R. N. M. The 5. 6. 4. 3. 2. 1. [9] [7] [2] [8] [4] [1] [3] [5] [6] [12] [11] [10] References JHEP04(2004)014 or. 21 , The , and gy ]. gy dv. Nucl. discs , A Ener , (2002) , , ory del ories 044 High amplitudes 644 ohomolo c the the mo J. B , physics . string (2003) holomorphic field dels hep-th/9412236 [ al matrix Phys. ative 05 mo quantum e gic 279 ac olo ounting sp erturb Nucl. c Phys. quantum Chern-Simons , top matrix . of gy ens (1995) f and L dels non-p and and N hep-th/9702155 : , mo Ener the 440 ering ge- anes into the of B lar High ounting – D-br c matrix engine ometries om ]. 9 J. fr ]. ge curve , Phys. – window ) hep-th/0002222 and al au , Summing N ]. dels ctr e ometric ative Nucl. mo flavors SU( , symmetry, sp Ge ometry or or, or, Calabi-Y ge with Plesser, o o erturb The symmetry p afa, matrix ls on V hep-th/0212279 v, Mirr A On [ or varieties hep-th/9609239 [ C. ory Ronen asno afa, afa, afa, 457 Mirr hep-th/0212095 [ Y V 173 V V toric the ang-Mil and Kashani-P Kashani-P M. Y C. V. in C. C. ]. ]. afa, . . . . 022 er V and (2004) Holomorphic (1997) String and A.-K. A.-K. and and and 7 C. Sup Klemm (2003) 497 and and A. and symmetry Phys. 10 B Morrison Greene, Lazaroiu, or Aganagic Hori Halmagyi Iqbal Iqbal Dijkgraaf Dijkgraaf Hofman, Katz, hep-th/0207106 hep-th/0303008 hep-th/0208048 hep-th/0311117 [ Phys. [ hep-th/0306032 Phys. Math. mirr hep-th/0012041 R. N. R. C. C.I. B.R. K. S. D.R. A. M. A. [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [23] [22] [19] [21] [24] [20]