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Saint Lucia COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 SAINT LUCIA SUMMARY Saint Lucia Is a Constitutional Monarchy with Two Levels of Government: National and Local

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Saint Lucia COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 SAINT LUCIA SUMMARY Saint Lucia Is a Constitutional Monarchy with Two Levels of Government: National and Local THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN saint LUCIA COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 SAINT LUCIA SUMMARY Saint Lucia is a constitutional monarchy with two levels of government: national and local. The constitution makes reference to local government but contains no specific provisions. The main legislative text governing local government is the Constituency Councils Act 2012. Local elections were suspended in 1979, and since then the Minister of Local Government is responsible for the appointment of all councillors. There are ten administrative quarters within Saint Lucia, which contain 15 constituency councils. In 2016/17, 45.3% of appointed councillors were women and in 2015/16 local government expenditure was 2.0% of total government expenditure. The functions and responsibilities of local government have been discharged by centralised authorities since 1980, and many of the services provided are carried out in tandem with other governmental agencies. 1. NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 2.4 National urban policy Saint Lucia is a constitutional monarchy A national housing and resettlement and a parliamentary democracy.35.1a The policy35.1c was adopted in 2008; while in head of state is HM Queen Elizabeth II 2016 the government began working who appoints and is represented by a on the new Urban Agenda adopted governor-general, who must be a citizen at the UN’s Habitat III conference of Saint Lucia. The bicameral parliament and has funded a project entitled the comprises an elected house of assembly Urban Renewal Program within the and an appointed senate. The 17 Department of Housing and Urban KEY FACTS members of the house of assembly are Renewal. This project seeks to fulfil the elected using the first-past-the-post obligations of the Government of Saint POPULATION (estimate 2015): system, while the 11 members of the Lucia as a signatory to the UN-Habitat 183,600 senate are appointed by the governor- Agenda III. general; six on the advice of the prime AREA (UN 2006): minister, three on the advice of the 616 sq km leader of the opposition and two at the 3. STRUCTURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT CAPITAL: governor-general’s discretion. Following 3.1 Local government within the state Castries the 2016 national election, 16.7% (3/18) of There are ten administrative quarters members of the house of assembly and within Saint Lucia, which are governed CURRENCY: 27.3% (3/11) of senators were women.35.1b via 15 constituency councils. East Caribbean dollar (XC$) Both houses sit for a concurrent term HEAD OF STATE: of up to five years. The prime minister 3.2 Ministerial oversight HM Queen Elizabeth II appoints a cabinet from members of both houses. Local elections have been suspended GOVERNOR-GENERAL: since 1979. Currently the minister Sir Neville Cenac in charge of local government is 2. LEGAL BASIS FOR HEAD OF GOVERNMENT: responsible for the appointment of all Prime Minister Allen Chastanet LOCAL GOVERNMENT council members. Recommendations 2.1 Constitutional provisions are made to the minister with FORM OF GOVERNMENT: The constitution makes reference to local appointments approved by cabinet. constitutional monarchy and government but contains no specific The minister assumes overall parliamentary democracy provisions or protection.35.1a responsibility for policy formulation PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM: and direction. In each local authority, bicameral the mayor or chairperson functions 2.2 Main legislative texts as the administrative head with the STATE STRUCTURE: The main legislation governing local assistance of two local government unitary government is the Constituency Councils officers (north and south) and 35.1b LANGUAGES: Act 2012. administrative clerks. The ministry English (official), French Patois (recognised) provides support in four areas: advocacy, local-level innovation, NATIONAL ELECTIONS: 2.3 Proposed legislative changes capacity development and regulation. last: 2016, turnout: 53.4%; next: 2021 Since the change in government in 2016, there are plans to review the draft WOMEN IN PARLIAMENT (2016): Local Authorities Bill (2015) which was 3.3 Council types MHA: 16.7%, senators: 27.3% set to replace the current Constituency There are two types of council: village LOCAL ELECTIONS: Councils Act 2012, to ensure that it and city councils. However, under the there is no elected local government is in keeping with the government’s Constituency Councils Act 2012, all national plans and policies. The revised councils are referred to as constituency WOMEN COUNCILLORS bill will address issues relating to the councils. Each council has no less than (appointed 2016/17): institutional, financial and legislative nine and no more than 15 appointed 45.3% frameworks of local authorities. The members, including either a mayor or LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE aim is to encourage and promote a chairperson, and decisions are made by as a percentage of total government greater level of public participation and the council membership. expenditure 2015/16: involvement in the affairs of the nation 2.0% and its development. 186 www.clgf.org.uk/saint_lucia COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN saint LUCIA 4. ELECTIONS Table 35.1a Distribution of councils and population 4.1 Recent local elections Upper-tier Second-tier Population Population % 4.2 Voting system Quarter (unitary) quarter authority (2010 Census) (2015 est.) rural 4.3 Elected representatives Castries Castries City 40,666 na na There has been no elected local government in Saint Lucia since the last Castries South-East 14,516 na na elections in 1979. Anse la Raye/Canaries – – 11,858 na na 4.4 Women’s representation Bobonneau – – 12,723 na na There has been a small increase in the Soufrière/Fond St Jacques – – 8,472 na na number of appointed women councillors from 60/136 (44.1%) in 2015/16 to 62/137 Choiseul/Saltibus – – 6,098 na na (45.3%) in 2016/17. The number of women Laborie – – 6,701 na na mayors has stayed the same at two out of four (50%); however, there has been Vieux Fort North – – 6,982 na na a decrease in the number in female chairpersons from 5/11 (45.5%) in 2015/16 Vieux Fort South – – 7,326 na na to 4/11 (36.4%) in 2016/17) – see Table 35.1b. Micoud North – – 8,691 na na 5. SYSTEMS FOR Micoud South – – 6,982 na na COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 5.1 Legal requirement Dennery North – – 7,697 na na The Constituency Councils Act 2012 makes Dennery South – – 4,920 na na provision for community involvement in local authority decision-making. Gros-Islet – – 22,493 na na TOTAL 1 1 165,595 183,600 na 5.2 ICT use in citizen engagement No information available Source: Department for Local Government correspondence with CLGF Local Government and Community community initiatives. Finance officers 6. ORGANISED LOCAL GOVERNMENT Empowerment ensures that good are also appointed to carry out reviews There is no organised local government relations are maintained between the and to ensure adherence to financial in Saint Lucia. various governmental agencies and civil regulations. society organisations. 7. INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS 9. FINANCE, STAFFING AND RESOURCES 8. MONITORING SYSTEMS Local authorities have been encouraged The Ministry of Finance is responsible to participate in the development National government provides for collecting local taxes, while the local process through links with civil society institutional support and monitoring to councils collect user fees. The main organisations. In the absence of a local government authorities through sources of revenue are: trade, hawkers’ local government association, the local government officers. These and vendors’ licences; property rental fees; Ministry of Social Transformation, officers interact with and assist the market and cemetery dues; and dividends. respective authorities in their various Castries Constituency Council revenue earned for the financial year 2015/16 totalled approximately XC$12.9m, Table 35.1b Women councillors and mayors/chairpersons 2014–17 made up as follows: XC$5.8m locally Election 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 raised revenue); XC$4.3m government subvention; and XC$2.2m dividend Councillors # % # % # % income. Total expenditure for the year was approximately XC$11.1m, of which Female councillors 61 44.5 60 44.1 62 45.3 XC$0.308m was capital expenditure Male councillors 76 55.5 76 55.9 75 54.7 9.1 Local government expenditure Total councillors 137 100.0 136 100.0 137 100.0 Total local government expenditure as a percentage of total government Mayors # % # % # % expenditure 2015/16 was 2%, down from Female mayors na na 2 50.0 2 50.0 2.5% in 2014/15. Male mayors na na 2 50.0 2 50.0 9.2 Locally raised revenue Total mayors na 100.0 4 100.0 4 100.0 The Constituency Councils Act 2012 makes provision for local government to Chairpersons # % # % # % raise revenue but no clear guidelines are established. The draft Local Authorities Bill Female chairpersons na na 5 45.5 4 36.4 (2015) is intended to provide the legislative framework to facilitate this change. Male chairpersons na na 6 54.5 7 63.3 . Total chairpersons na 100.0 11 100.0 11 100.0 Source: Department for Local Government correspondence with CLGF www.clgf.org.uk/saint_lucia 187 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN saint LUCIA COUNTRY PROFILE 2017–18 Table 35.2a. Income and expenditure for local government 2015/16 (in XC$m)) 10.3 Local government’s role in 2015/16 2015/16 achieving the UN Sustainable Income XC$(m) Expenditure XC$(m) Development Goals (SDGs) Local government provides a forum 17 na Centre–local transfers Administration to lobby for changes in policy and to Castries Constituency Council 4 Staff na request supportive actions to promote development. Local councils also work Other constituency councils 13 Other administrative costs na with non-governmental bodies to enhance economic and social wellbeing Locally raised revenue .3 Services na in their communities through inclusion and access to opportunity.
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