DOCSLIB.ORG

Proper Pump Selecton

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proper Pump Selecton Inside Front Cover Proper Pump Selecton Careful selection and installation of the correct Dragon Centrifugal Pump will result in a unit that will provide long- lasting and dependable service. Selecting a pump with excessive pressure capability means extra horsepower expense. Centrifugal pumps have much different horsepower input characteristics than positive displacement pumps. However, if the pressure requirements on the discharge side are indefinite, or if for some other reason the discharge pressure is much lower than expected, the pump will handle considerably more fluid and require more horsepower thanoriginally selected to drive the pump. A valve or flow restriction will then be required to increase the discharge pressure and reduce the horsepower needed to drive the pump. To assure proper pump selection, the following information is required: 1. Suction conditions: A. Size of suction piping B. Length of suction line C. Flooded suction (positive) D. Suction lift (negative) 2. Total discharge head required. 3. Rate of flow desired. 4. Type of driver desired and RPM (electric motor or engine) 5. Specific gravity or weight of fluid to be pumped. 6. Temperature of fluid. 7. Any information available as to the corrosiveness or abrasiveness of the fluid to be handled. Once this information is obtained it is used to calculate: GPM = Rate of flow desired HD. FT. = Total dynamic head SP. GR. = Specific gravity of fluid PUMP SIZE AND HORSEPOWER SELECTION FROM PERFORMANCE CURVES Using the desired GPM and head feet, find the pump size and speed by looking at the performance curves. Mark the desired operating point on the performance curve. This operating point may appear on more than one curve because of different speeds and impeller sizes available. Use the variable speed curves for gasoline or diesel engines. If an electric motor is to be used, remember the lower the RPM, the longer the service-life of the pump. Now, decide on the curve that best suits the application of desired GPM, head feet, and RPM. This curve will designate the proper pump size. Refer to the desired operating point and take an impeller size reading. 1. Select the impeller size: A. For speeds of 1750 RPM and below read to the nearest i/i inch above the operating point. B. For speeds above 1750 RPM, read to the nearest i/g inch above the operating point. 2. Calculate the required horsepower: A. Read horsepower from curve at operating point on impeller (selected as accurately as possible) then: Brake Horsepower Required=Curve HPxSp.Gr. of Fluid B. Alternate Method: Read Efficiency at the operating point. Brake Horsepower = (GPM) (Hd. Ft.) (Sp. Gc) (3960) (Efficiency) 3. Calculate your systems NPSH available in feet: NPSH available = P^ - Friction loss + Elevation - Vapor Pressure P^ = Absolute pressure above liquid in feet of fluid Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure Elevation = Distance from Surf ace of liquid on suction side to center line of pump in feet (above +: Below -). Vapor Pressure = Vapor Pressure fluid at pumping temperature in feet of fluid. 4. Read NPSH required from curve. A. NPSH available must be equal to or greater than NPSH required or the pump will cavitate. B. If NPSH required, is greater than NPSH available, consider: (1) Using larger suction pipe to lower losses (2) Raising the fluid level (3) Oversizing the pump (4) Lowering pump speed and increasing impeller diameter to meet the same operating point. Start-Up and Operation BEARING LUBRICATION: All Dragon pump bearings are prelubricated when assembled. We use Mystic JT-6 HT #2 when assembling and recommend that the same or a compatible NLGI #2 high temp be used. It is recommended that 5-10 shots of grease are injected into both the inboard and outboard bearing lubrication fittings at least monthly. Pumps assembled with the optional oil lubrication should be checked regularly with the dipstick and refilled with a good grade of non-detergent SAE 30 motor oil. STUFFING BOX PACKING: Most Dragon 250 pumps come standard with a mechanical seal and a back-up graphite packing in case of seal failure. The back-up packing should be left loose until needed, after which the packing bland bolts should be tightened slowly until the stuffing box drips 6-10 drips per minute. The packing should be greased daily. PRIMING: Vent air from suction line and pump housing to allow them PUMP PERFORMANCE COMPUTATIONS: to fill completely with fluid while priming. For pumps with a To compute pump performance of variations from flooded suction, slightly open the discharge valve and fully pump curves use the following formulas: (Approximate) open the suction valve. This will allow the pump and suc- tion line to fill completely. CHANGE OF SPEED (RPM) V2= V1 (R2/R1) 2 H2= H1 (R2/R1) START-UP: 3 P2 = P1 (R2/R1) Start the pump with the discharge valve about one third open. After the discharge pressure stabilizes, gradually CHANGE OF IMPELLER DIAMETER open the discharge valve to the required position. V2= V1 (D2/D1) 2 H2= H1 (D2/D1) 3 P2 = P1 (D2/D1) CHANGE OF SPEED AND IMPELLER DIAMETER V2= V1 (R2/R1) (D2/D1) 2 2 H2= H1 (R2/R1) (D2/D1) 3 3 P2 = P1 (R2/R1) (D2/D1) V1= Old Volume V2= New Volume H1= Old Head Feet H2= New Head Feet Dragon’s Mechanical Seal P1 = Old Horsepower P2= New Horsepower Our Dragon Mechanical Seal manufactured in the USA. R1= Old Speed (RPM) It has a Tungsten Carbide rotating assembly, a 316 R2= New Speed (RPM) stainless steel cage assembly machined from solid stock D1=Old Impeller Diameter and a Silicone Carbide stationary for greater wear life. D2=New Impeller Diameter It is completely interchangeable with most or the popular pumps on the market. Premium 118 Centrifugal Pump Concentric housing design is available in right hand or left hand operation. It reduces turbulence within the pump to minimize cavitation, shaft deflection, and excessive wear. The semi open impeller is designed to handle water or heavy slurries with equal efficiency. Replaceable wear plates protects the pedestal from wear and corrosion caused by fluids being pump, therefore, extending the life of the pump. The beefed-up frame design is stronger and more rigid in all wear areas.It gives a larger work area to facilitate packing the pump, which cuts repacking time. Heavy duty bearings are well protect- ed by spring type oil seals and water slinger designed to keep fluid and dirt out of the bearing cavity. Eccentric locks are used so the shaft can be easily removed without special tools. The oil bath lubrication system is designed with a larger oil reservoir, that provides free circulation of oil and better heat dissipation for longer bearing life. PEDESTAL, HOUSING & INSTALLATION DEMINSIONS PUMP ABCDFGHKLMNPRS T WX SIZE 1 x 11/2 R&L 13 17/16 23/8 41/4 35/16 261/4 31/8 47/8 71/2 741/4 7/8 111/2 (4)-11/16 612 11/2 x 2 R&L 13 17/16 23/8 535/16 263/4 31/2 45/8 71/16 741/4 7/8 11/2 2 (4)-11/16 612 2 x 3 R&L 13 17/16 23/8 51/2 35/16 27 33/4 51/2 73/4 741/4 7/8 2 3 (4)-11/16 612 3 x 4 R 13 17/16 23/8 65/8 35/16 281/2 41/4 58741/4 7/8 3 4 (4)-11/16 6123/4 FLANGE SIZES PUMP DISCHARGE PIPE SUCTION PIPE PUMP TYPE (shaft SIZE SIZE dia.) DRILLING SIZE DRILLING 1 x 11/2 11/8 1 4 Holes 5/8 Dia. 31/8 B.C. 11/8 4 Holes 5/8 Dia. 37/8 B.C. 11/2 x 2 11/8 11/2 4 Holes 5/8 Dia. 37/8 B.C. 2 4 Holes 3/4 Dia.. 43/4 B.C. 2 x 3 11/8 2 4 Holes 3/4 Dia. 43/4 B.C. 3 4 Holes 3/4 Dia. 6 B.C. 3 x 4 11/8 2 4 Holes 3/4 Dia. 6 B.C. 4 8 Holes 3/4 Dia. 71/2 B.C. Premium 118 Centrifugal Pump Premium 118 Centrifugal Pump PUMP SIZES PUMP SIZE MAX CAST IRON & ROTATION IMPELLER MODEL NUMBERS 1 1 1X1 ⁄2 L8⁄2” 091-1100 1 1 1 ⁄2 X2 R 8 ⁄2” 091-1105 1 2X3 R 8 ⁄2” 091-1110 1 3X4 R 8 ⁄2” 091-1115 118 Pump Parts List Chart Item No. Description Qty Req Dragon Mission Halco Harrisburg 1 118 Pedestal 1 820-0120 E3768 H3768 1-118-PED 2 118 Bearing Cap 2 820-0140 3773A H3771A 2-118-BC 3 118 Bearing Cap Gasket 2 811-8025 10399-21-1 H10399-2-1 3-118-BCG 4 118 Bearing Assm. 2 820-0100 3944-1 H3944-1 4-118-BA 5 118 Oil & Grease Seal 2 811-6020 3943-12 H3943-12 5-118-OGS 7 1 18 316-SS Shaft 1 820-0160 3769-4A H3769-4A 7C-118-316SS 118 416-SS Shaft 1 820-0180 3769-21A H3769-21A 7-118-416SS 1 18 Ceramic Coated 416-SS Shaft 1 820-0200 17361-21G-7A H17361-21G-7A 7A-118-416SSC 8 118 Graphite Packing 1 811-7520 8264-11S-OBA H8264-11S-OBA 8A-118-PMSG 118 King Packing 1 811-7525 8474-1 1S-1 A H8474-11S-1A 8C-118-PMSK 118 Teflon Packing 1 811-7530 8264-flS-7A H8264-11S-7A 8D-118-PMST 9 118 Packing Gland 1 820-0240 8204-1 3A H8204-13A 9-118-GPA 10 118 Gland Adjusting Bolt Assm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COAT-OF-ARMS and FLAG Act 209 of 1911 an ACT to Adopt and Prescribe the Design of a State Coat-Of-Arms and State Flag, and Their
    COAT-OF-ARMS AND FLAG Act 209 of 1911 AN ACT to adopt and prescribe the design of a state coat-of-arms and state flag, and their use; to prohibit the use of the same for advertising purposes; to prescribe standards for the manufacture, sale, and display of certain flags of the United States and the state flag; and to prescribe the powers and duties of certain state agencies and officials. History: 1911, Act 209, Eff. Aug. 1, 1911;Am. 2012, Act 167, Imd. Eff. June 14, 2012. The People of the State of Michigan enact: 2.21 State coat-of-arms; adoption. Sec. 1. The device and inscriptions of the great seal of the state of Michigan, Anno Domini 1835, presented by Lewis Cass to the forthcoming state, through the constitutional convention and adopted June 2, 1835, and filed with the secretary of the territory, June 24, 1835, and illustrated by a seal with said device and inscriptions attached to a state document, bearing date 1838, and to the constitution of 1850 received and filed in the office of the secretary of state, August 15, 1850, and now on file in said office, omitting the legend "The great seal of the state of Michigan, Anno Domini 1835," is hereby adopted as the coat-of-arms of the state. History: 1911, Act 209, Eff. Aug. 1, 1911;CL 1915, 1098;CL 1929, 134;CL 1948, 2.21. Compiler's note: For constitutional provision as to great seal of the state of Michigan referred to in this section, see now Const.
    [Show full text]
  • Theosophical Symbology Some Hints Towards Interpretation of the Symbolism of the Seal of the Society
    Theosophical Siftings Theosophical Symbology Vol 3, No 4 Theosophical Symbology Some Hints Towards Interpretation of the Symbolism of the Seal of the Society by G.R.S. Mead, F.T.S. Reprinted from “Theosophical Siftings” Volume 3 The Theosophical Publishing Society, England "A combination and a form, indeed, Where every god did seem to set his seal, To give the world assurance of a MAN." As the question is often asked, What is the meaning of the Seal of the Society, it may not be unprofitable to attempt a rough outline of some of the infinite interpretations that can be discovered therein. When, however, we consider that the whole of our philosophical literature is but a small contribution to the unriddling of this collective enigma of the sphinx of all sciences, religions and philosophies, it will be seen that no more than the barest outlines can be sketched in a short paper. In the first place, we are told that to every symbol, glyph and emblem there are seven keys, or rather, that the key may be turned seven times, corresponding to all the septenaries in nature and in man. We might even suppose, by using the law of analogy, that each of the seven keys might be turned seven times. So that if we were to suggest that these keys may be named the physiological, astronomical, cosmic, psychic, intellectual and spiritual, of which divine interpretation is the master-key, we should still be on our guard lest we may have confounded some of the turnings with the keys themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • U-Seal Teat Sealant Device Tel 800-821-5570 | Fax 816-224-3080 | [email protected] New Alcohol Swab Prior to Infusion with U-Seal
    Each pail comes with Description: Teat Wipes! U-Seal™ is indicated as an aid in the prevention of new intramammary infections throughout the dry period by providing a malleable barrier in the teat canal. This results in a reduction in the incidence of clinical mastitis for the entire dry period by preventing bacteria from entering the teat canal. For Use On: Cattle Benefits: • Quick delivery • Accurate placement and an effective seal Internal teat sealants reduce • Delivers easy syringe-ability and superior in-teat performance risk of infection • Antibiotic-free Internal teat sealants perform the function of the keratin plug Dosage and Administration: • They form an effective seal After last milking at dry-off, clean and disinfect the teats with • They persist throughout the dry period an alcohol swab. Infuse the entire contents of one syringe of • They strip out easily U-Seal into each quarter by inserting the nozzle into the teat and applying gentle continuous pressure to the plunger until the • They are insoluble to milk and harmless to calves paste is expressed. Do not massage teat or udder following infusion. If an antibiotic is infused into the teat, the teat should be Studies show combining internal teat sealants with re-swabbed with a new alcohol swab prior to infusion with U-Seal. dry cow antibiotic therapy results in a significant See label for full Dosage and Administration. reduction in new mastitis infections compared to DCT alone 1, 2 • As much as 68% during the dry period1 Packaging: • 20% - 30% reduction in early lactation1 24 ct pail w/ 40 wipes, 6 pails/case UPC # 7-45801-12986-3 144 ct pail w/ 200 wipes, 1 pail/case UPC # 7-45801-12990-0 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Bishop Barron Blazon Texts
    THE FORMAL BLAZON OF THE EPISCOPAL COAT OF ARMS OF ROBERT E. BARRON, S.T.D. D.D. K.H.S. TITULAR BISHOP OF MACRIANA IN MAURETANIA AUXILIARY TO THE METROPOLITAN OF LOS ANGELES PER PALE OR AND MURREY AN OPEN BOOK PROPER SURMOUNTED OF A CHI RHO OR AND ENFLAMED COUNTERCHANGED, ON A CHIEF WAVY AZURE A PAIR OF WINGS ELEVATED, DISPLAYED AND CONJOINED IN BASE OR CHARGED WITH A FLEUR-DE-LIS ARGENT AND FOR A MOTTO « NON NISI TE DOMINE » THE OFFICE OF AUXILIARY BISHOP The Office of Auxiliary, or Assistant, Bishop came into the Church around the sixth century. Before that time, only one bishop served within an ecclesial province as sole spiritual leader of that region. Those clerics who hold this dignity are properly entitled “Titular Bishops” whom the Holy See has simultaneously assigned to assist a local Ordinary in the exercise of his episcopal responsibilities. The term ‘Auxiliary’ refers to the supporting role that the titular bishop provides a residential bishop but in every way, auxiliaries embody the fullness of the episcopal dignity. Although the Church considers both Linus and Cletus to be the first auxiliary bishops, as Assistants to St. Peter in the See of Rome, the first mention of the actual term “auxiliary bishop” was made in a decree by Pope Leo X (1513‐1521) entitled de Cardinalibus Lateranses (sess. IX). In this decree, Leo confirms the need for clerics who enjoy the fullness of Holy Orders to assist the Cardinal‐Bishops of the Suburbicarian Sees of Ostia, Velletri‐Segni, Sabina‐Poggia‐ Mirteto, Albano, Palestrina, Porto‐Santo Rufina, and Frascati, all of which surround the Roman Diocese.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the City Seal (PDF)
    City of Royal Oak – History of the City Seal The seal was designed in four colors - blue, gold, red and black. The outer portion of the City Seal shows that the City was incorporated in 1921 on June 21st and oak tree branches are included in the circular border. The American Eagle, on top of the crest, is our national bird, which symbolizes superior authority and jurisdiction of the United States over local governments. The eagle is on the Michigan’s Great Seal, also. Under the shield are the Latin words "Vivimus Servire" which mean "We live to serve". Inside the circle the crest symbolizes the national, state, county and local heritage of the community. The four quadrants of the crest contain an elk on the right side (same as in the Michigan’s Great Seal), and represents one of Michigan’s great animals and a reminder of Michigan’s native wildlife and the fur trade. The lion on the left was taken from the coat of arms of Charles II of England and marks the origin of the term "Royal Oak". The oak tree, symbolic of the county, represents great age and strength and the three acorns allude to the three branches of national government. The City of Royal Oak is the remains of what was once a great oak forest. Michigan Governor Cass, when establishing the first road into the interior of Oakland County, used a large oak tree as a station point. It was marked on the map by the Governor as the "Royal Oak". This seal was designed by Michael Lesko, the Personnel Director for the City of Royal Oak, and was approved by the City Commission in January, 1965.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Boar Sus Scrofa
    Can’t Beat ‘Em, Eat ‘Em Invasive Species Recipes Wild Boar Sus scrofa Region of Origin:Eurasia Habitat: On all continents except Antarctica and on many oceanic islands Current Range: North and South America, China and Europe Life Span: 15-20 years in the Wild Wild boar (also known as Eurasian wild pig) has one of the wide-ranging geographical distributions of all terrestrial mammals, and humans have played a significant role in its expansion across the globe. These pigs are a critical problem in many parts of the United States. Both their feeding style of rooting and their wallowing habits are vastly destructive to both native and manmade landscapes. Large herds are the norm as wild boar can double their population every four months given an adequate food supply. They are also adaptable to a wide variety of habitats and are extremely aggressive. Wild boar have an acute sense of smell and are most active at night, so hunting them takes skill. But as the following recipes attest, the rewards are great! A special thank you to author and ecologist Corinne Duncan for her content contributions to this Wild Boar Introduction. BBQ Wild Boar Ribs Recipe by Unknown 2 racks Full Racks of Wild Boar Ribs 1 tsp Salt ¾ cup Light Brown Sugar 1 tsp Fresh Ground Black Pepper 1 Tbsp Paprika ½ tsp Red Pepper Flakes 1 Tbsp Garlic Powder ¼ tsp Cayenne Pepper 1 Tbsp Onion Powder To Taste Liquid Smoke To Taste Sweet and Spicy BBQ Sauce G Preheat oven to 300°. G Use a Dry Rub: G Mix brown sugar, paprika, garlic powder, onion powder, ground red pepper, salt, black pepper, red pepper flakes, and cayenne pepper in a small bowl.
    [Show full text]
  • The Arms of the Scottish Bishoprics
    UC-NRLF B 2 7=13 fi57 BERKELEY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORN'A \o Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/armsofscottishbiOOIyonrich /be R K E L E Y LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORN'A h THE ARMS OF THE SCOTTISH BISHOPRICS. THE ARMS OF THE SCOTTISH BISHOPRICS BY Rev. W. T. LYON. M.A.. F.S.A. (Scot] WITH A FOREWORD BY The Most Revd. W. J. F. ROBBERDS, D.D.. Bishop of Brechin, and Primus of the Episcopal Church in Scotland. ILLUSTRATED BY A. C. CROLL MURRAY. Selkirk : The Scottish Chronicle" Offices. 1917. Co — V. PREFACE. The following chapters appeared in the pages of " The Scottish Chronicle " in 1915 and 1916, and it is owing to the courtesy of the Proprietor and Editor that they are now republished in book form. Their original publication in the pages of a Church newspaper will explain something of the lines on which the book is fashioned. The articles were written to explain and to describe the origin and de\elopment of the Armorial Bearings of the ancient Dioceses of Scotland. These Coats of arms are, and have been more or less con- tinuously, used by the Scottish Episcopal Church since they came into use in the middle of the 17th century, though whether the disestablished Church has a right to their use or not is a vexed question. Fox-Davies holds that the Church of Ireland and the Episcopal Chuich in Scotland lost their diocesan Coats of Arms on disestablishment, and that the Welsh Church will suffer the same loss when the Disestablishment Act comes into operation ( Public Arms).
    [Show full text]
  • What's Inside
    What’s Inside 1 Greeting 2 Project Updates 4 Spring Highlights 6 Observations from the Field 7 Ticks In The Field 9 The PARS Experience 13 Meet the Volunteers 15 Natural History Notes 20 Wanted Species Photo: Kyle Loucks A Partnership Project of The Mid-Atlantic Center for Herpetology and Conservation and The Pennsylvania Fish & Boat Commission 1 Greetings! Summer 2015 This past June marked the second anniversary of the launch of the PARS project. While two years may not seem like a very long time, an incredible amount of effort by our volunteers has gone into this Citizen Science project, and much has been accomplished. Since June 1, 2013 PARS members have logged over 13,000 volunteer hours and have submitted an astounding 25,000 records. The vast majority of these records have been verified by the volunteer Verification Committee. PARS is a 10-year project, and if annual record submissions continue at the same average rate, we can expect at least 125,000 records to be submitted by the end of the project. However, the rate of record submission is continually increasing as our volunteer ranks grow (currently approaching 1,200 registered volunteers). If this trend continues, our final number of records should be much higher! More importantly, volunteers are getting into the groove of focusing their search efforts using the quad/ block approach, which has greatly increased geographical coverage, and the gaps are starting to fill in. In recent months, we have also witnessed a spike in volunteers taking on County Coordinator positions, which will augment efforts in those counties, some of which greatly need increased survey efforts.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Florida's State Flag the History of Florida's State Flag Robert M
    Nova Law Review Volume 18, Issue 2 1994 Article 11 The History of Florida’s State Flag Robert M. Jarvis∗ ∗ Copyright c 1994 by the authors. Nova Law Review is produced by The Berkeley Electronic Press (bepress). https://nsuworks.nova.edu/nlr Jarvis: The History of Florida's State Flag The History of Florida's State Flag Robert M. Jarvis* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ........ .................. 1037 II. EUROPEAN DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST ........... 1038 III. AMERICAN ACQUISITION AND STATEHOOD ......... 1045 IV. THE CIVIL WAR .......................... 1051 V. RECONSTRUCTION AND THE END OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY ..................... 1056 VI. THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ................... 1059 VII. CONCLUSION ............................ 1063 I. INTRODUCTION The Florida Constitution requires the state to have an official flag, and places responsibility for its design on the State Legislature.' Prior to 1900, a number of different flags served as the state's banner. Since 1900, however, the flag has consisted of a white field,2 a red saltire,3 and the * Professor of Law, Nova University. B.A., Northwestern University; J.D., University of Pennsylvania; LL.M., New York University. 1. "The design of the great seal and flag of the state shall be prescribed by law." FLA. CONST. art. If, § 4. Although the constitution mentions only a seal and a flag, the Florida Legislature has designated many other state symbols, including: a state flower (the orange blossom - adopted in 1909); bird (mockingbird - 1927); song ("Old Folks Home" - 1935); tree (sabal palm - 1.953); beverage (orange juice - 1967); shell (horse conch - 1969); gem (moonstone - 1970); marine mammal (manatee - 1975); saltwater mammal (dolphin - 1975); freshwater fish (largemouth bass - 1975); saltwater fish (Atlantic sailfish - 1975); stone (agatized coral - 1979); reptile (alligator - 1987); animal (panther - 1982); soil (Mayakka Fine Sand - 1989); and wildflower (coreopsis - 1991).
    [Show full text]
  • Packaging and Storing Wild Game at Home Rebecca Dittmar Extension Program Specialist–Food Protection Management
    EFN-053 9/16 Packaging and Storing Wild Game at Home Rebecca Dittmar Extension Program Specialist–Food Protection Management Game meat can provide a nutritious, tasty, and some- freeze completely than do smaller cuts. Freezing small- times less expensive alternative to the traditional meat er cuts also helps maintain overall meat quality longer products sold in grocery stores. Nevertheless, you need by minimizing exposure to air and re-sealing, which to handle and store game meat properly to keep it from can result in off-odors. spoiling or allowing the growth of disease-causing Maximize the airflow in the cooler to make sure organisms (pathogens) that can cause foodborne illness. that the meat cools adequately. After the carcass has Game meat is defined as the meat of any animal that been properly field dressed, cut, and cooled to below is hunted for food or sport instead of being raised on 40°F, it is ready to be packaged (Fig. 1) for storage in a farm. Examples are deer, elk, wild hogs, and game the freezer. birds such as quail, pheasants, or turkeys. Freezing is the easiest way preserve wild game. To keep your game meat safe to eat, field dress the Freeze meat at 0°F or below as quickly as possible to carcass with the right equipment and under the proper reduce or inactivate pathogen growth and other chem- conditions. Although the techniques for field dressing ical changes that can affect its quality. Done properly, vary by the type of game animal, some important basic freezing causes little to no loss in the nutrient content tools are common to all: of wild game meats.
    [Show full text]
  • (Native) Bee Basics
    A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication Bee Basics An Introduction to Our Native Bees By Beatriz Moisset, Ph.D. and Stephen Buchmann, Ph.D. Cover Art: Upper panel: The southeastern blueberry bee Habropoda( laboriosa) visiting blossoms of Rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum). Lower panel: Female andrenid bees (Andrena cornelli) foraging for nectar on Azalea (Rhododendron canescens). A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication Bee Basics: An Introduction to Our Native Bees By Beatriz Moisset, Ph.D. and Stephen Buchmann, Ph.D. Illustrations by Steve Buchanan A USDA Forest Service and Pollinator Partnership Publication United States Department of Agriculture Acknowledgments Edited by Larry Stritch, Ph.D. Julie Nelson Teresa Prendusi Laurie Davies Adams Worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) visiting almond blossoms (Prunus dulcis). Introduction Native bees are a hidden treasure. From alpine meadows in the national forests of the Rocky Mountains to the Sonoran Desert in the Coronado National Forest in Arizona and from the boreal forests of the Tongass National Forest in Alaska to the Ocala National Forest in Florida, bees can be found anywhere in North America, where flowers bloom. From forests to farms, from cities to wildlands, there are 4,000 native bee species in the United States, from the tiny Perdita minima to large carpenter bees. Most people do not realize that there were no honey bees in America before European settlers brought hives from Europe. These resourceful animals promptly managed to escape from domestication. As they had done for millennia in Europe and Asia, honey bees formed swarms and set up nests in hollow trees.
    [Show full text]
  • Usda Aphis Veterinary Services National Center for Import and Export
    USDA APHIS VETERINARY SERVICES NATIONAL CENTER FOR IMPORT AND EXPORT PROCEDURES FOR SHIPMENTS BY LAND OF U.S.-ORIGIN NON-BOVINE RUMINANT ANIMALS FROM ONE POINT IN THE U.S. TO ANOTHER POINT IN THE U.S THROUGH CANADA Under a joint arrangement made by USDA APHIS Veterinary Services (APHIS VS) and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), non-bovine ruminant animals of U.S. origin may directly transit Canada without stopping (except for feed, water, or rest purposes) while moving between points in the U.S. Such consignments must comply with APHIS’ conditions for re-entry to the U.S.; with CFIA requirements and oversight for any applicable feed, water, and rest stops in Canada; and with CFIA’s import health requirements for livestock entering Canada. This guidance outlines APHIS and CFIA requirements for such movements. This protocol may also be used for similar movements of other livestock-type animals (on a case-by-case basis) traveling as personal pets, and which may directly transit Canada without stopping (except for feed, water, or rest purposes); provided that any additional certifications or documents that may be required by either Canada or the U.S. state of re-entry are clearly referenced on the APHIS permit and/or CFIA import permit. NOTE: Applications for shipments to move under this protocol will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and will be approved subject to the ability of a shipment to meet the criteria in this document and the availability of the necessary CFIA resources. It is important that importers/brokers contact CFIA with details of their itinerary well in advance of a proposed shipment, to ensure that all necessary arrangements can be adequately made.
    [Show full text]