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Sedum (Rozchodník)

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Sedum (Rozchodník) Sedum (Rozchodník) čeleď: Crassulaceae Kolem 6ti druhů roste i v České Republice. Patří mezi trvalky, většinou se jedná o sukulentní byliny, méně častěji polokeře nebo keře. Stonky mohou být vzpřímené nebo poléhavé. Stonky bývají větvené a hustě olistěné. Listy bývají střídavé, masité, celokrajné nebo zubaté. Květy mají 4 - 5 kališních i okvětních lístků a 8 - 10 tyčinek. Plodem je měchýřek. Jsou vhodné na pěstování ve skalkách. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - 'Bertram Anderson' - 'Black Beauty' - výška 40 - 50cm; růžovofialové listy - 'Briliant' - výška 50 - 70cm; ojíněné listy; růžové květy - 'Carl' - 'Elsies Gold' - výška i šířky 30cm; v mládí žlutozelené později zelené listy; růžové květy - 'Herbstfreude'/'Autumn Joy'/'Indian Chief' - výška 60cm; žedozelené listy; růžové květy v soukvětí o velikosti až 20cm - 'Iceberg' - výška 40 - 60cm; zelené ojíněné listy; bílé květy - 'Karfunkelstein' - výška 50cm; zelenorůžovofialové listy - 'Matrona' - výška 0,7 (i 1)m; načervenalé listy; světlerůžové květy - 'Oriental Dancer' - listy lesklé, červenofialové; květy růžové - 'Picolette' - listy sivočervenozelené; květy bleděrůžové - 'Purple Emperor' - výška 40 - 60cm; bronzovorůžovofialové listy; světlerůžové až červené květy - 'Red Cauli' - výška 50 - 70cm, šířka až 90cm; tmavězelené listy; soukvětí průměru 9cm z červených květů - 'Stardust' - výška 50 - 70cm; bílé nebo narůžovělé květy - 'Thunderhead' - listy tmavě; květy tmavě červenorůžové Vyhovuje jim sucho a hlinitopísčitá i suťovitá chudá půda a nutností je plné slunce. Množí se nejčastěji řízkováním, dále pak dělením i semeny. Sedum acre (Rozchodník ostrý) synonyma: S. acre subsp. neglectum, S. acre var. robustum, S. drucei, S. elrodii, S. glaciale, S. krajinae, S. minimum, S. neglectum, S. procumbens, S. robustum, S. wettsteinii, S. zlatiborense oblasti: Afrika, Andalusie, Asie, Česká republika, Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, Irsko, Itálie, J Evropa, J Morava, J Španělsko, JZ Evropa, Karpaty, Katalánsko, Morava, Německo, Pálava, Polsko, S Afrika, S Evropa, Severní Amerika, Střední Evropa, SV Španělsko, SZ Evropa, Španělsko, Švýcarsko, Ukrajina, V Evropa, V Karpaty, Z Asie Pochází ze severní Afriky a Evropy. Patří mezi trvalky. Dužnaté stonky dorůstají délky 5 - 10 (i 15)cm. Vytváří z nich celé koberce. Také listy jsou dužnaté a nahloučené na sebe. Vyrůstají z nich krátké 5mm zakulacené lístky. Kvete sytě žlutými květy na tenkém stonku skládajícími se z 5ti korunních lístků délky 5 - 8mm, kališní lístky jsou dlouhé 5mm a květenství je 3 - 5ti četné. Je jedovatý. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Aurea' Zálivka nesmí být velká, stačí střídmá. Dokáží bez problému přezimovat venku. Pro lepší odolnost proti mrazu ho můžete překrýt větvičkami, slámou, atp. Roste na plném slunci na zdích, vyprahlých především písčitých a kamenitých půdách, střechách, atp. Nevadí mu ani zasolená půda. Sedum acropetalum oblasti: J Severní Amerika, Mexiko, San Luis Potosí, Severní Amerika, Střední Mexiko Pochází ze San Luis Potosí, Mexiko. Sedum actinocarpum Sedum adolphii Sedum aetnense synonyma: Macrosepalum aetnense, Macrosepalum tetramerum, Macrosepalum turkestanicum, S. acre subsp. tetramerum, S. aetnense subsp. tetramerum, S. aetnense var. tetramerum, S. albanicum, S. skorpilii, S. tetramerum oblasti: Andalusie, Asie, Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, Itálie, J Evropa, J Španělsko, JZ Evropa, Kazachstán, Střední Asie, Španělsko Dorůstá výšky 6cm. Květy mají kališní lístky délky 2 - 3mm a korunní lístky jsou dlouhé 1,5 - 2,5mm. Sedum aizoon (Rozchodník vždyživý) synonyma: Aizopsis aizoon, Anacampseros aizoon, Phedimus aizoon, S. hyperaizoon oblasti: Alberta, Altaj, Asie, Česká republika, Evropa, Iowa, J Kanada, Kanada, Kazachstán, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Nový Brunšvik, Ontario, Pennsylvania, Quebec, Rusko, S Asie, S Kanada, S Rusko, S Severní Amerika, S USA, Saskatchewan, Severní Amerika, Severozápadní Teritorium, Sibiř, Střední Asie, Střední Evropa, Střední Kanada, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední USA, SV USA, USA, V Asie, V Kanada Roste ve východní Asii jako trvalka s dřevnatějícím oddenkem. Lodyha je přímá, vysoká 25 - 60cm a každým rokem odumírá. Kvete žlutými květy. Plodem je měchýřek. Má rád plné světlo a dobře propustnou zeminu. Na sukulentní rostlinu je potřeba vydatnější zálivky než bývá zvykem, ovšem přímé slunce je také důležité. Množí se jednoduše vrcholovými řízky nebo občas pouze listy. Sedum alamosanum Sedum albertii oblasti: Asie, Střední Asie, Ťan-šan Sedum albomarginatum oblasti: JZ USA, Kalifornie, Severní Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, USA Patří mezi endemity Kalifornie. Patří mezi trvalky. Vytváří přízemní růžici o velikosti několika cm. Listy mají zakulacený konec, délku do 6mm, s výškou se zmenšují, jsou voskovité, ochlupené a mají modrozelenou barvu. Sedum alboroseum Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Mediovariegatum' Sedum album (Rozchodník bílý) synonyma: Leucosedum album, Oreosedum album, Oreosedum serpentini, S. album subsp. micranthum, S. athoum, S. clusianum, S. gombertii, S. micranthum, S. serpentini, S. teretifolium, S. vermiculifolium oblasti: Afrika, Albánie, Alžírsko, Andalusie, Arménie, Asie, Balkánský poloostrov, Belgie, Bosna a Hercegovina, Bulharsko, Chorvatsko, Čechy, Černá Hora, Česká republika, České středohoří, Dánsko, Estonsko, Evropa, Finsko, Francie, Iberský poloostrov, Írán, Irsko, Itálie, J Evropa, J Morava, J Španělsko, Jugoslávie, JV Evropa, JZ Asie, JZ Evropa, JZ Rusko, Karpaty, Katalánsko, Korsika, Kosovo, Kréta, Krym, Maďarsko, Makedonie, Malta, Maroko, Morava, Německo, Nizozemí, Norsko, Pálava, Polsko, Portugalsko, Povltaví, Rakousko, Řecko, Rumunsko, Rusko, S Afrika, S Asie, S Evropa, Sardínie, Sicílie, Skandinávie, Slovensko, Slovinsko, Srbsko, Střední Čechy, Střední Evropa, Střední středozemí, Středozemí, SV Španělsko, SZ Afrika, SZ Čechy, SZ Evropa, SZ Rusko, Španělsko, Švédsko, Švýcarsko, Tunisko, Turecko, Ukrajina, V Evropa, V Karpaty, Velká Británie, Z Asie, Z Evropa, Z Rusko, Z Středozemí Roste v Evropě, západní Asii a severní Africe v podobě malých polštářů. Dorůstá výšky (5 -) 8 - 15 (i 20)cm. Vyznačuje se velkou variabilitou do svého tvaru. Stonky rádi zakořeňují i po své délce. Mají plazivý charakter a tak k tomu rostlina dostává mnoho příležitostí. Oproti zeleným listům má stonek červenohnědou barvu. Lístky jsou oválné, ve tvaru malého 6 - 15mm válečku se zakulacenými konci. Kvete bílým květem s 5ti okvětními lístky na stonku, kališní lístky jsou eliptické, dlouhé 0,6 - 1,5mm, korunní lístky jsou kopinaté a dlouhé 2,5 - 4mm. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - subsp. album - 'Bella' - 'Coral Carpet' - 'Färö Form' - zakrslý habitus - 'Laconicum Minor' - subsp. micranthum/var. micranthum - subvar. chloroticum - 'Minimum' - var. murale - 'Rubrum' Vyhovují mu zdi a skály. Zimujeme venku, je totiž mrazuvzdorný. V létě volíme střední zálivu. Množí se řízkováním, dělením i semeny. Sedum alfredii Sedum allantoides oblasti: J Severní Amerika, Mexiko, Severní Amerika Roste v Mexiku v podobě stálezeleného od báze větveného vystoupavého polokeře. Dorůstá výšky do 30cm. Listy jsou obvejčité až válcovité, tupé, namodralé a dlouhé do 2,5cm. Kvete zelenobílými květy o průměru 1,5cm v latě. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Goldii' Sedum alpestre (Rozchodník horský) synonyma: S. alpestre subsp. erythraeum, S. erythraeum, S. repens, S. saxatile oblasti: Čechy, Česká republika, Evropa, Hrubý Jeseník, Iberský poloostrov, Itálie, J Evropa, JZ Evropa, Katalánsko, Krkonoše, Morava, Německo, Polsko, S Evropa, S Morava, Střední Evropa, SV Čechy, SV Španělsko, Španělsko, Švýcarsko Patří mezi trvalky. Roste v polštářovitých porostech. Dorůstá výšky 3 - 15cm. Lodyhy jsou tenké, plazivé nebo vystoupavé. Kvete žlutými až červenožlutými květy v 2 - 5ti četném květenství. Plodem je červenohnědý měchýřek. Patří mezi ohrožené druhy C3. Vyhovují mu skalky, sněhová pole, atp. Sedum alsinefolium synonyma: Oreosedum alsinefolium Sedum alsinifolium oblasti: Evropa, Itálie, J Evropa Patří mezi endemity Itálie. Sedum amplexicaule synonyma: Petrosedum amplexicaule, Petrosedum amplexicaule subsp. tenuifolium, Petrosedum tenuifolium, Petrosedum tenuifolium subsp. ibericum, S. amplexicaule subsp. tenuifolium, S. boryanum, S. rostratum, S. tenuifolium, S. tenuifolium subsp. ibericum, Sempervivum tenuifolium oblasti: Afrika, Andalusie, Asie, Evropa, Iberský poloostrov, Itálie, Izrael, J Evropa, J Španělsko, JZ Evropa, S Afrika, Španělsko, Z Asie Pochází ze severní Afriky. Dorůstá délky 15 - 30 (i 40). Má plazivý stonek. Roste v období zimy. Kvete žlutými květy, kališní lístky jsou 3úhle oválné, dlouhé 5 (i 6)mm a kališní lístky jsou dlouhé 0,5 - 1,1cm. Vyhovují mu sušší místa. V našich podmínkách je plně zimovzdorný, pokud není příliš deštivá, ale spíše mrazivá. Sedum anacampseros synonyma: Anacampseros sempervirens, Hylotelephium anacampseros, S. rotundifolium oblasti: Evropa, Francie, Iberský poloostrov, Itálie, J Evropa, JZ Evropa, Katalánsko, Střední Evropa , SV Španělsko, Španělsko, Švýcarsko, Z Evropa Řadí se do skupiny evropských rozchodníků, které rostoucích na skalách. Jeho domovinou je Španělsko, Francie a Itálie. Typické pro tento rozchodník jsou až 20 cm dlouhé protáhlé stonky s odspodu postupně opadávajícími listy. Mladé výhony jsou přisedlé, přeplněné hustými růžicemi listů. Sedum anacampseros má pozoruhodně šeříkové pupeny poupat a jedinečně purpurově - červené květy. Okrouhlé až obvejčité listy, nahloučené v terminálních růžicích jsou charakteristické pro jeho určení. Je pozoruhodně podobný mexickému rozchodníku Sedum
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