KAMP,ALA CITY RO,ADS PROJECT
PRELIMINARY AI\D. DETAILED ENGINEERING DE SI GN OF SEI*ECTED ROAD LINKS AI\D JUNCTIONS/INTERSECTI ONS T O IMPROVE MOBILITY IN IGIVIPALA CITY
ENYIRONMENTAL A}ID SOCIAL IMPACT STATEMENT
VOLUME I: MATN REPORT
Submitted by:
Kampala Capital City Authority EimI City Hall, Plot 1-3, Apollo Kaggwa Road ;{,i PO BOX 7010 Kampala-Uganda -.+- Tel: +256 204 660000, +256 474 581294 ffiCCA Email: info@kcca. go.ug i(rxPtlI c,[PtTtL crTY LUrtlontrY fe a futt'r Au
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'.r11,'i Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Sele cted Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala city: KIIDP' ,ruironmental and sociar rmpact statement March 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS..... I TABLE OF FIGURES VI LIST OF TABLES...... VII LIST OF PLATES...... vrII LIST OF ACROIVYIVIS x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... xII
7. CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 7 1 1.2 Punposs oF rHE ENVTRoNMENTAL AND Socrnl lrrllpncr ASSESSMENT (ESIA) ..,...... 1 1.3 OUECTIVES oF THE ESIA 2 L3.1 GeneralObjective. 2 1.3.2 SpecificObjectives 2 2 1.5 ESIAMrrHoDoLocy...,...... 4 1.5.1 Literaturereview. .4 1.5.2 Stokeholder Consultotions 1.5.3 Field Baseline Surveys ,4
1.5,4 lmpact Significonce Assessment...... ,.....13 2. CHAPTER TWO: PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... 16
2.3 JuslFrcATroN FoR THE PRoJEcr 16 2.4 NATURE oF THE PRoJECT 15
2.6 PRoJEcr srATUs ANo ouRATtoN. ....,,....,17 2.7 PRoJEcrLANDREeurREMENTs...... ,...... 18 18
2,9.1 Project Equipment and materiols inputs ond outputs ...... ,...,...... ,.18
2.9.2 Project equipment/Material storage oreos and Workers' accommodotion sites 19 2.9.3 Quorries ond Eorrow Areos...... ,...... , ...... 79 2.9.4 2.9.s Runoff droinoge outlets ..,...... 62 Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road linlcs and Juuctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuirorunedtal and Social fmpact Statement March 2017
2.9.7 Construction woter sources ...... ,...... 62 2.9.8 Project 1obour...... 62
2.70 PRoJEcr AcnvtlEs 80 2.10,1 Generol project octivities...... ,...... 80 2.10.2 Pre-construction octivities...... 87
2.L0.2.4 Traffic and other data coilection 81 2.L0.2.5 2.70.2.6 2.10.2.7 2.1.0.2.8 Relocation of utilities (electric poles, water pipes, etc) ...... 82 2.10.3 Construction phase 82
2.10.3.3 Generalearthworks 82
2.10.3.6 Surfacing 83
2.10.4 Post construction octivities ...... ,...,,...84 3. CHAPTER THREE: EXISTING ENITIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO'ECONOMIC CoNDTTIONS OF THE PROJECT AREA...... 85 3.1 PRoJEcr AREA AND GENERAL LAND usE...... 85 3.2 Bto-pHysrcALANDSocto-EcoNoMTcANDcULTURALENVTRoNMENT., .85 3.2.1 PhysicolEnvironment 85 3.2.1.\ 85 3.2.1.2 Topography and Geology and soils 85 3.2.1.3 Hydrology and drainage... 88 3.2.7.4 91 3.2.1.5 Noise and Air quality 94 3.2.2 BiologicolEnvironment., 100 100 3,2.3 Socio-economic ond culturol environment 743 143 3.2.3.2 Population and Demographic Characteristics.,,.,.,...... ,...... ,...... 147 3.2.3.3 3.2.3.4 3.2.3.5 Land Use and Land Tenure...... ,...... ,..... 151 3.2.3.5 Economic Activities, Income Sources and Emp1oyment..,..,,.,.,,.,.,...... , 151 3.2.3.7 Settlement Pattern, Nature and Type of Buildings ...... 155 3.2.3.8 Transport and Communication ...... , ,...... ,,.,,,,,...... ,.157 3.2.3.9 3,2.3.10 Education 752 Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironrncntal and Social Impact Statement March 2017
3.2.3.11 163 3.2.3.12 164 3.2.3.13 165 3.2.3.14 Tourism 155 3.2.3.15 Security 165 3.2.3.16 Non-Government Organisations....,...... ,, 166 3.2.3.17 Planned development activities.,,...... L67 3.2.3.18 Archaeology and cultural resources...... !67
4. CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ...... L7 4
4,2,1 No action (No project) scenorio ...... 774 4.2.2 Povement moterial options...... ,.,...... ,..L74 4,2,3 Moteridlthickness for high order roads...... 177 4.2.4 Traffic Accommodation...... 179 4,2,5 Road clossificotion for Kayembo rood 1.80 4.2.6 Typicol cross sedions ..781 4,2,7 Geometric design e1ements...... 784 4.2,8 Design of Koyemba rood underposs structure...... 787 4.2,9 Design options for the upgrade of Koyembo Road ...... ,.,...... 190 4.2.9.1 Design option 1: Re-grading Kayemba Road under the Rail Line and Queen's Way...... 191 4.2.9.2 Design option 2: Re-grading Kayemba Road underthe Rail Line and Queen's Way...... 192 4.2.9.3 Design option 3: Re-grade Kayemba Road over the railway line and Queen's Way...... 192 4.2,9.4 Design option 4: Re-grade Kayemba Roadtoform an at-grade rail crossingand at-grade intersection on
4.2.10 Bridge design options 198 4.2.10.1 Bridge structure at New Port Bell Road 198 4.2.10.2 Bridge structure at Kayemba Road 199 4.2.11 Road lighting design options...... 202 5. CHAPTER FIYE: REVIE\T OF LEGAL ANID INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEVORK 204
5,1,1 The Nationol Environment Monogement Policy, 7994 204 5,1,2 The Nationol Woter Policy, 1999 ,,....,.,,.'.204 5,1,3 The Policy on Conservotion ond Monogement of Wetlond Resources, 1995...... 205 5.1,4 Wildlife Policy, 7999.. 205 5.1,5 Ugonda Gender Policy, 2007...... 205
5,1,7 The NotionalAIDS Policy (200a) 206 5.1.8 Notional HIV/AIDS Policy ond NotionalStrategic Plon (NSP) 2015/16 - 2019/20...... ,...... 207 5,1.9 Transport Sector Policy ,.,',....,.,,208 5,1.10 Uganda Road Sector Policy Statements, Guidelines ...... 208 5.1.10.1 MoWT Guidelines for Mainstreaming Cross-Cutting lssues, 2008...... 208 5.1.10.2 MoWT General Specifications for Road and Bridge Works, 2005...... 208 5.1.10.3 The Uganda National Culture Policy 2006...... ,...... 209 5.1.10.4 EIA Guidelines for Road Sub-Sector, 2008 209
5.2,1 The Constitution of the Republic of Ugondo ...... 209 5,2,2 The National Environment Act, Cop 753 210 Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Iutersections to imp.ove mobility in Kampala Ciry: KIIDP 2 Enuiroamental aad Social Impact Statement March 2017
s,2,3 5.2.4 5.2,5 5.2.6 The Survey Act 7964. .213 5.2.7 The Roads Act,7964 .274 5,2.8 The Access to Roads Act, 7965...... 274 5,2.9 The Lond Acquisition Act, 1.965...... 214 5.2,10 The Historical ond Monuments Act, 7967 .275 5.2.11 The Occupotionol Sofety ond Health Act,2005 215 5.2.12 The Workers Compensotion Act, 2000...... ,....,...... 216 5,2.13 Petroleum Act, Cap 749 216 5.2.14 5.2.15 5.2.16 5.2.17 The Public Heolth Act, 1964. .217 5.2,18 Employment Act No 6, 2005 .218 5.2.19 The Penal Code Act...... 219 5.2.20 The Children's Act,7997 (CAP 59)...... 219 5.3 NATIoNAL REGULAToRy FRarraE woRr .2L9 5.3.1 Notionol Environment (Noise Stondords ond Control) Regulations,2003 .,...... 219 5.3.2 The Notionol Environment (Woste Manogement) Regulations, 7999...... ,...... ,....227 5.3.3 The Notionol Environment (Wetlonds, River Eanks ond lakeshores Manogement) Regulotion S.l No. 2/2000.227 5.3.4 The Notional Environment (Minimum Stondards for Dischorge of Effluents into Woter or Lond)
5,3.5 The Nationol Environment (Control of Smoking in Public Ploces), Regulotions 2004 ...... ,,...... ,...... 222 5.3.6 The Environment lmpact Assessment regulotions, 1998 ...... 223 5.3,7 The National Environment Audit Regulations, 2006...... ,...,...... ,...... 223 5.3,8 The Woter (Woste Dischorge) Regulations, 1998...... ,,...... 224 5.3,9 Woter Resources Regulotions, Sl No. 33/7998 ....,,...... 224 5,3.10 The Guidelines for Environmentol lmpact Assessment in Ugondo ...... 224 5,3,11 The Environmentol Audit Guidelines for Ugonda, 7999 ...... 224 5.3,12 The Droft Nationol Air Quolity Stondords, 2006...... 225 5.3.13 Ugondo Stondard Drinking (potoble)woter...... 226 5,3,14 Employment (Sexuol Harossment) Regulations,2012 (5.1. 2072 No. 15) ...... ,,,...... ,...,...... 227 5.4 MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS 5.4.1 Convention for the Sofeguording of the lntangible Cultural Heritoge, 2003 ,....,...,.,.....227 5,4.2 UNESCO World Heritage Convention, 7972.,,...... ,., .,,...... 228 5.4,3 Rio Declaration (or Agendo 21)...... ,...... ,,,...... ,...... 228 5.4.4 The Convention on Biologicoldiversity 1992 (CBD) .,...... 229 5.4,5 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Orgonic Pollutonts,...... ,...... ,.,..,....229 5.4.6 The Convention concerning the Protection of the World Culturol and Notural Heritoge (World Heritoge
5.4,7 The Africon Convention on the Conservotion of Nature and Naturol Resources, 7958 .....,...... ,.....230 5.4.8 Strotegic Approoch to lnternotionol Chemicols Manogement,2006 ...,...,...... 237 5,4,9 The United Notions Fromework Convention on Climote change (UNFCCC), 7992...... ,.23L 5.5 INTERNATToNAL /orveloRuerur nARTNERs REeutnEverurs aND GUtDELtNEs ...... ,...,...232
lV Preliminary and Detailed Eagineering Design of Selected Road links andJunctions/fntelsections to improve mobility in Kampala city: KIIDP ' ,nuitonmentar and sociar rmpact statement March 2017
5.5.1 Africon Development Bank Operotionol Sofeguards 232 5.5.1.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01) 232
5.5.1.3 lnvoluntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) ...... 233 5.5.1.4 Natural Habitats (OP 4.04) 5.5.1.5 World Bank guidelines on vulnerable people ...... 234 5,5.2 World Health Orgonization guidelines...... 235
6. CHAPTER SIX: PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 239
6.2 PARlcrPAroNOs.,ecrvEs..,...... 240 6.3 STAKEHoLoER Corvrposmou , .241 6,4 STAKEHoLDER BRTEFtNGS AND coMMUNlry coNsuLTATIoN .245 6.4.1 Meetings with Notionol ond Locol Government Leodership and other 9takeho|ders...... 245 6.4.2 Meetings with communities.....,.,,...... 245 6.5 ISSUES RAIsED. ,...,,,251 6.6 SraxexolorRs DURTNG THE CoNsrRUcfloN PHASE...... ,269 6.7 Sattervr tssuEs ro BE coNStDERED DURING tMpLEMENTATIoN ,..,.,..,,...... ,...... 269 7. CHAPTER SEYEN: EI{VIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS AND PROPOSED ENHANCEMENT/MITTGATTON MEASURES...... 271.
7.1.1 Socio-economic impocts...... 271. 7.l.L.I Positiveimpacts 271
7.1.2.7 Positiveimpacts 273
7.2.1 Socio-economic impacts,.,...... 273
7.2.2.2 Negativeimpacts 293
7.3.1 Socio-economic impads,,.,...... 31j
7.4 Cuvullrtvr tMPACrs Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road tinlo and Junctions/Intersections to improve rnobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuirounental and Social Impact Stetement March 2017
8. CHAPTER EIGHT: ENVIRONMENTAL ANID SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PI-A}.,I 339
8.2 SpEcrFrc oBJEcrvEs oF rHE ESMP...... 339
8.3.1 Kompola Copitol City Authority ...... 339
8.3.4 Government Bodies and Utility Service Providers...... 341
9. CHAPTER 9: CONCLUSIONS A]IID RECOMMENDATIONS...... 47s BIBLIOGRAPHY 478
AI'PENDICES ... 483
TASLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: The ESIA process for the road projects in Uganda 3 Figure 2: Summary of Impact significance assessment methodology 15 Figure 3: $7ater sources along the project roads 90 Figure 4: Distribution of plant species recorded under cluster 1 by Jife fonn 1,07 Figure 5: Distribution of plant species recorded under cluster 2 by iife form 111 Figure 6: Distribution of plant species recorded under cluster 3 by life form 11,4 Figure 7: Distribution of plant species recorded under cluster 4 by Life form 71,6 Figure 8: Distribution of plant species recorded under cluster 5 bylife fona 118 Figure 9: Distribution of piant species recorded under cluster 6 by life form 71,9 Figure 10: Distribution of Plant species recorded under cluster 7 by Ufe form 1.22 Figure 11: Distribution of Plant species recorded under cluster 8 by Life form 1.24 Figure 12: Distriburion of Plant species recorded under duster 9 by Ufe form 1,27 Figure 13: Distriburion of plant species recorded along Sir Apollo l&ggwa road by Life forrn 1.29 Figure 14: Distribution of plant species recorded along Namungoona road by life form 130 Figure 15: Distribution of Plant species recorded along Buwambo/l{tteziroad by life form 731 Figure 16: Distribution of Plant species recorded along I(yebando ring 2 by iife form 132 Figure 17: Distriburion of Plant species recorded along Luwafu road by life form 133 Figure 18: Distribution of Plant species along I(isasi road 2by ltfe form L34 Figure 19: Distribution of Piant species recorded at Adilitary Police junction by lifeform 135 Figure 20: Distribution of Plant species recorded at Caiendar rest junction by Jifeform 737 Figure 21: Distribution of P1ant species recorded at Namasole/Busabala junction by lifeform 138 Figure 22: Distribution of Plant species recorded at Hanlon-Nsambya Junction by lifeform 139 Figure 23: Distribution of Plant species recorded at Luggogo bypass 1 junction by Jifeform 1.40 Figure 24: Distribution of Piant species recorded at I(ivebulaya junction by lifeform 1,47
vl Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road linls and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuitonmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017
Figure 25: Education levels by sex of the household heads 749 Figure 26:Mun source of income for households along the project roads 154 Figure 2'7: Means of access to information by households along the project roads 159 Figure 28: Main source of water for households along the project roads 160 Figure 29: Common diseases among tesidents along the project roads 1,63 Figure 30: Location of I(ayemba road 1.87
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 : Distribution of respondents...... 5 Table 2: \)fater sources sampled and their locations on the affected roads 10 Table 3: Selected Parameters for water quality baseline conditions ,.,,,...... 1'2 Table 4: Laboratory test conducted on subgrade soil and gravel samples 1J Table 5: Prioriry Roads & Junctions 77 Table 6: Project equipment and materials 18 Table 7: Details of Gravel Borrow sources...... 58 Table 8:Details of quarry sources ...... 59 Table 9: Description of Road classification...... 63 Table 10: Design consideration for the project roads 64 Table 11: Road design standards ...... 80 Table 72: Project Roads and Drainage Outfalls ....89 Table 13: Water quality analysis results...... 93 Table 14 Number of Bird Species and Individuals recorded along the roads and junctions Surveyed *":l: 108 )""'::::::::::::::::::::::i::::::::i::::::::::':::l:::::::::"'::i,, Table 16 : Summary of uee coverage by Road/Junction...... 1,42 Table 17: Administrative Units per Road 1.44 Table 18: Population distdbution and household size by Division in lQmpala 1,47 Table 19: Demographic Characteristics of people per road/cluster of roads...... 150 Table 20: Markets identified along the project roads 1,52 Table 21: Income dasses vdthin I&mpala and Centrla Region 155 Table 22:Distribution of I(ampala's main type of house contruction materials (70) 1,56 Table23: Boda boda stages srecognised by I(CCA... 158 Table 24: Distribution of Schools in I(ampala Disstrict 1,62 Table 25: Number of Health Facilities in Disuicts by ownership status, 2012/13..... 163 Table 26: NGOs along different project roads 1,66 Table 27: Culturd Environment of project roads and junctions...... 170 Table 28: Analysis of high order roads' base and sub base layer material alternatives 1.75 Table 29: Analysis of material thickness alternatives for crushed stone base for higher order roads' layer...... 177 Table 30: Analysis of Tnfftc accommodation alternatives 179
vl1 Preliminary aud Detailed Engineeriag Design of Selected Road links and Juactions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuhoamental and Social Impact Statement March 2017
Table 31: Analysis of Kayemba road classificarion alternatives ...... 180 Ttble 32: Full Typical Cross secrion details 181 Table 33: Reduces Typical Cross secrion details ...1.82 Table 34: Reduced (1m) Typical Cross Section Details 782 Table 35: Analysis of typical cross secrion alternarives 183 Table 36: Geomeuic design elemenr oprions ..... 184 Table 37: Analysis of geomeu{c design element alternatives ..... 184 Table 38: Analysis of I(ayemba Road design airernarives .....188 Table 39: Analysis of I(ayemba Road design alrernarives 1,94 Tabie 40: Analysis of New Port bell road bddge srructure design alternatives 1,99 Table 41: Analysis of New Port bell road bridge srrucrure design alternatives 207 Table 42: Analysis of alternatives for positioning of the solar battery box housing .....202 Table 43: Maximum pelmissible noise levels for impact or impulsive noise...... 220 Table 44: Maximum permissible noise Ievels for construcrion site...... 220 Table 45: Maximum Permissibie noise levels for mines and quarries 220 Table 46: Narional discharge sraadards for selected pollutants ...... 222 Table 47: Regulatory air quality standards for selected pollurants...... 225 Table 48: !ilHO Air quality guidelines and interim targets for particulate matter: 24hrs concentratrons 235 Table 49: I(ey institutions responsible for ensuring compliance with relevant legal requirements..236 Table 50: Permits required by the proposed deveiopment. 239 Table 51: Names of the institutions consulted during EIA phase...... 242 Table 52: Stakeholder Engagement Schedule...... 246 Table 53: Issues raised by National Stakeholders ..251 Table 54: Issues Raised by Local Government Officials ..256 Tabie 55: Issues Raised by Project Affected Communities 259 Table 56: Issues raised by other stakeholders 265 Table 57: Summary of impact assessment...... 324 Table 58: Envilonmentai and Social Management Plan 343 Table 59: Esstimated Environmental and Social Monitoring Costs 473
LIST OF PLA-TES
Plate 1: Buslrland (a) and woodland (b) vegetation cover by I&buusu-I(tebi-Bunamv^y^ Road... 103 Plate 2: lTedand by Ssuna II Road: (a) Intact part on eastern side of the wedand; (b) Filled part of wedand with rubbish in some parts; (c) Construction of houses threatening the size of the wedand; (d) Stream on western side of the wedand. 704 Plate 3: Anthropogenic activity in wedand by Muzito road: (a) !7aste disposal and eucalyptus in wedand; (b) Crops growing in wedand; (c) On-going construction on western side of the
Plate 4:Wedand by Wamala Road 1,07
vlll Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road linlc and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Statement Merch 2017
Plate5:DegmdedwetlandbyKiromberoad.....,...... rWestern Plate 6: lTedand by Tuba road: (a) Roofed Structures in South side of wetland; @) North eastern side of the wetland ..713 Plate 7: lTedand along I(ulambiro-Najeera Road: (a) Stream within wedand oo the North western side; (b) On-going construction on south eastern side of wedand ..774 Plate 8: Stream by Nakawa -Ntinda road: (a) On-going construcrion by the stream; (b) Plant species by the stream...... 71,6 Plate 9: Streams by Port bell Road: (a) Steam 1; @) Stream 2...... 1,21, Plate 10: !7etland 1 by Portbell road ... L21, Plate 11: \)Tedand 2 by Potbell road ...722 Plate 72: Wetland by Mugema Road: (a) Stream within wetland; (b) Waste disposal and fiIling in wedand; (c) North western side of wedand with higher species richness 1,26 Plate 13: I(ampala's built heritage: (a) IQsubi tombs; @) Uganda Marty's shrine Namugongo; (c) Kibuli Mosque; (d) Captain Lugard's Forq (e) Independent monument.....,...... 7 68
Plate 14: Buial Plan alongBtwambo K*{ R0ad...... 1, 70
Plate 15: Kabaka's gate (mund about) 1, 70 Plate 16: The underpass structure under Queens Way...... 7 88
Plate 17: The underpass srructure undet the tailway line. 1, 88
Plate 18: Structures east of railvzay line. 1, 90 Plate 19: Structures west of Queens way...... 7 91, Plate 20: The railway embankment on the right, the 1 91. Plate 27: Meetings with stakeholders: (a) Stakeholder Consultation Meeting at Council Chambers, Lubaga Division (11'h May 2015); @) Stakeholder Consultation at Makindye Sabagabo Sub County (11'h May 2015); (c) Stakeholder Consultation at Central Division (16'h June 2015); (d) Stakeholder Consultation at Nakawa Division (2"dJune May 2075); (e) Stakeholder Consultation at Makindye Division (29n May 2015); (f) Stakeholder Consultation at I(awempe Division (2'd June 2015); (g) Community Sensitization Meeting at Holly$vood (I(buye) Makindye Division (23d May 2015); (h) Community Sensitization Meeting at Lukuli (19'h June 2015); (i) Community Sensitization Meeting at I(ampala Q"^Iity primary school (20n June 2015); o Community Sensitization Meeting at Namugoona I(igobe P/S, Lubaga Division (23'd Mzry 2015); ft) Community Sensitization Meeting at cornmunity centre l(koni along Sir apollo - IQggwa road (16'hJune...... ,...... 250
lx Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Iatersectione to improve rnobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impect Statement Merch 2017
LIST OF ACRONYMS AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AT: Atmospheric temperafure B.O.D Biological Oxygen Demand BP: Bank Procedures BS: British Standards BRT: Bus Rapid Transport CAO: Chief Adminsitrative Officer CaCOr: Calcium Carbonate Cap: Chapter CBD: Convention on Biological Diversity CBR: California Bearing Ratio CGV: Chief Goverffnent Valuer C.O.D Chemicai Oxygen Demand CGV: Chief Government Valuer DCP: Dynamic Cone Penetradon DMM: Department of Museums and Monuments D!7D: Directorate of Water Development D\VRM: Directorate of Water Resources Management E.C: Electrical Conductivity EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment EIS: Environmental Impact Statement EHS: Environment, Health and Safety EMS: Environmental Management Speciaiist ESIA: Environmeotal and Sociai Impact Assessment ESMP: Environmental and Social Management Plan GDP: Gross Domestic Price GoU: Government of Uganda HIV: Humane Immune Virus iUCN: International Union for Conservation of Nature I(CCA: IQmpala Capital City Authoriry I{IDP: IQmpalalnstitutionalandlnfrastructureDevelopmentProject I(NBP: I(ampla Northern Bypass MoGLSD: Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development MoLFIUD: Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development MoWT: Ministry of lforks and Transport MTA: Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities NEMA: National Environment Management Authority NFA: Narjonal Forestry Authoriry NWSC: National $7ater and Sewerage Corporation
x Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road tinks and Junctions/Iatersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuitonmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017
NBS: National Biomass Study NGO: Non-Governmental Organisation NwQL National $Vater Q"rlity Laboratory OD: Operational Directives OP: Operational Policies OSH: Occupational Safety and Health PI: Plasticity Index POP: Persistent Organic Pollutants RAP: Resetdement Action Plan RDM: Road Design Manual RH: Relative humidity SAICM: Strategic Apptoach to International Chemicals Management STD: Sexually Transmitted Diseases TDS: Total Dissolved Solids TSS: Total Suspended Solids UBOS: Uganda Bureau of Satistics UCE: Uganda Certificate of Education UETCL: Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited UNBS: Uganda Narjonal Bureau of Standards UNDP: United Nations Development Programme UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization. UNHS: Uganda National Household Suwey UNRA: Uganda National Roads Authority UPVC: Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride URC: Uganda Railway Corporation US 201: Uganda Standard 201 USD; United States Dollar UTM: Universal Transvetse Mercator VIP: Ventilated Improved Pit latrines WHO: STorld FI ealth Organization Units: CFU: Colony Forming Unit Db: Decibel Mg/L: Milligrams per litre Mg, Milligams NTU: N ephelometric Turbidiry Unit OC: Degrees Qgnrigrade PPrn: Pats per million pS/cm: Micro Siemens per centimetre vg/m3: Micrograms per cubic metre
x1 Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links aodJunctious/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
Traffic congestion in l(ampala city is fast growing due to a combination of poor roads network, uncontrolled junctions, and insufhcient roads capacity which is out of phase with the increasing traffic (vehicular and pedestrian) on IGmpala roads. This congestion results into higher vehicle operating costs, Iong uavel dmes and poor transpoft services. The overall ciry aesthetics and quality of life is highly compromised by the dilapidated paved roads and sidewalks, unpaved shoulders and unpaved roads which are sources of mud and dust that hovers over large sections of the City.
The Government of Uganda through lQmpala Capital City Authoriry (KCCA) with support from the World Bank intends to improve mobility in IGmpala City through improvement of selected road links and Junctions/intersections. The selected juncrions/intersections are to be signalized while the selected roads are to be dualled or reconstructed or upgraded to paved standard.
The National Environmental Act, CAP 153 requires that an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is undertaken for all projects that are listed under the third schedule of the Act with a view of sustainable development. The proposed project is one of the projects listed under Section 3 (Transportation) of the Schedule. Therefore, to fulfill legal requirements an EIA has been conducted for the proposed project as part of the consultancy services for the preliminary and detailed engineering design of selected road links and junctions/intersections to improve mobiJity in I(ampala City under the Second lGmpala Insrirudonal and Infrastructure Development Project.
The ptoposed project is proposed to be undertaken v/ithifl a heavily urbanized environment charactelized by built up areas and a few natural areas that could be affected by implementation of the project. Therefore besides fulfrlling legal requirements, the ESIA is being undertaken to ensure that the project is implemented in such a way that there is litde or no adverse impact on the physical, biologicai, cultural and socio-economic attributes of the environment of the proposed project area.
SMEC Internarional Pty Ltd in association with Newpian Limited has been contracted by I(CCA to carq, out the consultancy services for the preliminary and detailed engineering design of selected road links and junctions/intersections to improve mobiliry in I(ampala City indusive of the ESIA. This report therefore presents the fi.ndings of the ESIA.
xll Pretiminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road linlis and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuitonmcntal and Social Impect Stetement Match 2017
Obiective, Scope and methodology of the ESIA
The genetal objective of the ESIA was to identifr and assess the potential environmentai and social impacts of the proposed project with a view to eliminate/minimize the negative impacts.
The scope of the ESIA was guided by provisions in the fust schedule of the EIA reguiations for Uganda and the approved terms of reference for the study, as well as international guidelines such as the !7orld Bank Safe Guard Policies.
A number of methods wete applied during the ESIA. These included literature review, stakehoider consultations, field baseline surveys and impact analysis. Literature reviewed included project design reports, I(ampala disuict reports and international guidelines on ESIA. Field baseline surveys covered the physical environment ftydrology, geology and soils, noise and air quality), the biological environment (fauna and flora), the social-economic environment and the cultural environment. The methods used for the fi.eld baseline surveys varied with discipline. Stakeholder consultations were done at community, division/sub County, district and national level through meetings, questionnaire guided interriews, and Focus Group discussion with selected stakeholders. The methods used to identify relevant stakeholders included: purposive selection, brainstormin& snov/ ball method and use of previous projects conducted in the same area.
The potential positive and negative environmental and social impacts of the proposed project rvere identified, evaluated and their significance determined. Assessment of the impact significance was based on a combination of the value of the affected environmental component and the magnitude of the potential impact. The value of the affected environment was measuted on a scale of low to high. The value scale given was based on established value and conservation criteda as well as indications of regional and local irnportance. The magnirude of the potential impact was measured on a scale of '1arge positive" to '1arge negative". The magnitude scale given was based on severity, time (duration) and space (site-specifi.c, local, regional, national, international) as well as probabiJity/risk of the impact to occur. The significance level of the impact was then measured-on a scale of "very large positive" to "very large negadve".
Proiect description
I-ocation
The selected project roads/junctions are divided into Group 1 and Group 2 as shown in Appendix VI. Group 1 roads and junctions are to be improved before those under Group IL Except IGbuusi- I(itebi-Bunamwaya road and Ssuna road-2 that are located in Wakiso District in Makindye Ssabagabo Sub County, all the ptoject roads and junctions are located in I(ampala District in all the five divisions, I(awempe, Central, Nakawa, Lubaga and Makindye. The location of each selected road/junction is presented under Table 14, Appendix VI and Appendix VII.
x1u Preliminaqy and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Juactions/Iatersections to improve rnobility in Kampala Ciry: KIIDP 2 Enuirounental and Social Impect Statement March 2017
Project compottents
The project comprises the roads and junctions to be improved. Support infrastructure/andJlary comPonents include quarries and borrow areas, sand sources, construction water sources, project equipment/material storage areas, workers' accornmodation sites, access roads, and a trafEc control centre linking ali signalized intersecd.ons.
Inpats and oupats
Equipment to be used during the project construction period includes graders, rollers, trucks, excavators and asphalt paverc. Materials to be used include Crushed rock for base layer, concrete aggregate and asphalt, Sand for concrete, Gravel for iayer wotks, Water for construction, and Cement.
One of the major outputs of the project will be waste generated during the construction activity. Expected waste to be generated wili comprise of Concrete and brick rubble, OId pipes, Spoil matedal (gravel and soils) and Asphalt (mosdy reworked into new layer works). Most spoil rnaterial rvill be disposed of at the municipal dump disposai sites
Actiuities
The project will generally invoive the foliovdng activities;
. Signalisarion of seiected junctions o Reconstruction and dualling of selected roads r Reconstrucfion (recycling and overiaying/upgrade to concrete) of selected roads . Upgrading of selected roads to paved standard. . AncillarT works including srreer lighriog
Preconstruction activities some of which are already ongoing include Construction Material Invesrigauons, SurveyinB, Road inventory, Traffr,c and other data collection, Land Acquisirion, Recruitment of labour and Design work
Construction activiries will include land Clearance, top soil removal , drainage works, earth works, borrow pit operations, quarry operations, road surfacing and ancillafy works such as kerbing, pipe Iaying, hauling, road rnarkings, placing of road signs and guardrails and street lighting,
Post construction acrivities involve mainiy the roads' operation aad maintenance activities carried out by the developer in order to ensure optirnization of road operations. It indudes both routine and periodic maintenance works. Routine maintenance works include pothole patching, cleaning of drainage items, repairs of broken road items including maintenance of street lights, among others. The periodic maintenance items are carried out after a scheduled period of time. These include re-
xiv Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road liuks and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala city: KIrDP ' ,ouitonmentar and sociat rmpact statement March 2017 sealing, re-painting of road markings, arnong other activities. Other post-constmction activities include enforcement of road rules and other contol requirements.
P roj e ct l-an d R.e q uirem e n t The project will require small amounts of land take outside the existing road corridors for roads to be expanded. The total land take of the project will be established following completion of the detailed engineering design stage of the project. It is a project requirement to take as little land as possible, so as to mioimize the cost of land ptocurement.
Project statas and duration
The project is curendy in its final engineering design phase, the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Resetdement Action Plan having been completed. Construction is expected to cornmence irMay 2077.
Pmject Cost
The total cost of the project will be established following completion of the detailed engineering stage of the project and Resetdement Action Plan. However the estimated construction cost for Group I roads that are to be upgraded first is USD 104 940 752.70.
Project labour
The project will employ a number of workers both skilled (about 230) and unskilled (about 320) in positions such as, road engineers, project supervisors, Environment Health and safety offi.cers, potters, security guards etc. The actual number of workers vzill be determined by the selected cootractors. Measures are proposed in this report on ensuring equitable access to job opportuniries for Ugandans.
Baseline conditions of the project atea
Climate
The selected roads and Junctions are characterized by the dimate of I(ampala and lTakiso Districts where they are located. IGmpala district has a mean tainfall of at least 50mm in every month rvith January and February beirrg drier than other months. The district has considerably high temperatures with an annual ge of 27.9"C. Temperature peaks are in the months of January to March and ^ver October to December, the former being higher. The annual rainfall mean in Wakiso District is 1320 mm. The minimum surface air tempetature in Wakiso District is 11.0 degtees centigrade whjle the maximum is 33.3 degrees centigrade.
xv Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links andJuuctioos/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuirounental and Social Impect Stetement March 2017
Ceohgt soilr and topographl
The selected toads and Junctions' area being located in Kampala and Wakiso Districts are characterized rypically by IGmpaia and Wakiso District topo$aphy and geology described below. I(ampala District is underlaio majorly by the pre-cambrian rock system. The soils of I(ampala district are ferralitic representing an almost final stage of weathering with litde or no mineral reserve left. !(Takiso District landscape [es at an approximate range of about 900 to 1340 meters above sea level. The district is characterized by isolated flalt-topped hills with steep slopes, often merging abrupdy into long and gende pediments, which are usually dissected by relatively broad valleys. W'akiso District is underlain by both old and recent rock systems, which include Precambrian, Cenozoic and Laterites. The soils in Wakiso District are generally of high productivity and are mainly sandy clay soils.
Results from Soil surveys undertaken at the roads indicate that most of the roads comprise fine- grained sandy ciays which have Piasticity Indices (PI) benveen 15 and 20. The matedais can generally be classified as intermediate to low plasticity clays. Penetration rates on Old Port bell, Port bell, i(ayemba, Eighth Street, Lukuii and I(ulambiro Roads showed several values below 1070, which probably indicate soft spots in the underlying iayers.
ITltdro/ogt
IQmpala city is built on a number of hills with a topography conuolled by differential weathering of various grades of sedimentary bedrock types. The topography results in thin weathered mandes of limited extent which produce shailow, localized groundwater flow systems with relatively short residence times (ARGOSS, 2002). I(ampala ciry has a shallow aquifer from the weathered regoiith. The springs that adse from the shallow aquifer are the major source of groundwater supply within the city. Springs supply about 50% of l(ampala's population with the maiority of these occurring in high-density setdement ateas. 16oh (32U{n1 of Kampala disuict is covered by wedands. These wedands are part of the Lake Victoria catchment and the Victoria Nile catchment which encompasses major wedands like the Lubigr and Nalubaga wedands. Many of the wedands in I(ampala occupy shaiiow valleys benveen the many hills within the district.
Wakiso District is generally endowed with adequate surface and sub-surface water reserves with numerous streams, rivers and wedands both permanent and seasonal. Minor valleys have disrjnct seasonal swamps and rivers, which contain water especially during the wet season. The water table along these swamps is quite high. They are suitable for sinking shallow wells. Sub sutface water reserves occur in fi.ssures and aquifers of the rocks. This is indicated by the numbet of boreholes, spdng wells, tube weils and shallow wells, which have been drilled to harvest water fot domestic supply (tvlptg District Local Government, 1,997).
xql Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road Iinks and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuitonmental and Social fmpact Stlternent March 2017
There v/ere wedands observed along Wamala, Ssuna II, Muzito, I(irombe, Tuba, I(ulambiro - Najeera, Port bell, Ntinda-Nakawa and Mugema roads. The wetland by Wamala toad ioins Nalukolongo stream that flows into Lubigi Wedand. The wedand is still quite intact. The wedands by SSuna II road and Muzito road ioin Lufuka stream, IQliddubi swamp, I(awagga swamp before joining Lake Victoria. The wetland by I{rombe road drains into Lake Victoria. The wedand by Tuba road is fed by Nalubaga stream crossing the wedand which eventually ends in Lake Victoria. The stream observed on both sides of Nakawa-Ntinda road joins I(inawataka stream that evenrually joins Lake Victoria.
LY/ater qrulig
The water sources along the project roads that will be affected by the project activities include springs, streams, v/ater channels, wetlands and the Lake Victoria.
Almost all the wedands arc abeady deemed degraded to some extent (IGmpala District Local Government,7997). Protected springs are susceptible to pollution related to anthropogenic activities even when notionally "protected" $ The contamination sources of the springs and surface water sources in I(ampaJa are noted to result from solid waste dumps, Iow coverage of excreta disposal facilities (pit latrines) resulting in indiscriminate disposal of faecal matter into the environment (drainage channels, solid waste dumps and surface watef), stagnaflt surface water due to ioadequate management of storm- water runoff, and domestic animals such as goats, cows, pigs and chicken especially in the low income peri-urban sertlements. Rainfall in this case is the primary climatological control factor, as it will aid both the washing in of contaminants to the backfi.ll area and replenishment of the contaminated surface watets. An analysis of the physical-chemical and biological water parameters from the identified water sources along the project roads showed that the quality of water from all the water sources except a community spdng on $Tamala Road, was not good for human consumption because of very high bacterial load and total suspended solids. Noie Results from the noise assessment undertaken along the project roads and junctions indicated that in trading centers and markets, noise levels were above the permissible levels set as per Nationai xv1l Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road finls and Juactions/Intersectioas to improve rrobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuircnmental and Social Impect Stetement March 2017 Environment (ItJoise Standards and Control) Regulations, 2003. This was mainly due to noise sources such as human conversation around the area, music in the nearby shops and vehicuiar movement. Air qaaliry Air quality measurements obtained from the air quality assessment at selected points (Appendix IVI along the project roads and junctions were compared with the air quality standard for Wodd Health Organization (-WHO). Generally the concentration of Particles of 2.5pm diameter for most of the sampled points aiong the roads and junctions, were within acceptable limits and PM levels were above the WHO air quaiity guidelines thus air qualiry will definitely deteriorate during construction phase. Parciculate emissions for areas around the unpaved roads were above the recommended air quaiily standards for \forld Health Organizarion. This was mainly due to dust generated by moving vehicles on the murram roads. Flowever, in areas oear the mrurarn roads, for which measurements were taken on a rainy day, particuiate levels were within acceptable limits even when the vehicles were moving on the roads. Flora The vegetation of I&mpala District has been srudied by the National Biomass Srudy Q.{BS) within the Uganda Forest Departrnent dividing it into six major classes; Vegetation in Built-up Areas, Subsistence Mlxed Falmlands, lToodland, Bush land and Wedand (I&mpala District Local Governrnent, 1997). One or more and for some roads, all of the above stated vegetation cover types was/were observed during the vegetation survey along the project roads and junctions. 'Yegetation in built up areas" that included shade, fence, ornamental, fruit, compound and road edge species was the most cofiunon observed on a1l the roads and junctions. Accordingly plant species falling under this category of vegetation "(Vegetation in built up areas") were the most comrnon. These included Persea ameicana, Markhamia lutea, Theuetia perauiana, Maryifera indica, Rolstonea regia, Ficus benjamina, Jacaranda mimoifolia, Tabebaia rosea, Acallpba wilkeiana, Bougainuilha glabra, Dmanta repens, Greuilha robusta, and Sapiun ellipticum. With regard to lifeform, majority of the plant species observed by majority of the roads and junctions were herbs A total 12 Species of conservation concern were observed along the roads and junctions. The species include those appearing on the IUCN red list and NFA reserved species list. These include Brugnansia suaueolens, Jacaranda nimosifoka, Canaium schweirfurthii, Juntperas Procera, Canaium scltweinfurthii Milicia excelsa, KhoJ, antbotheca, Podocarpa.r sp, Maesoptit eminii, Hallea rubrwtipulata, Halha ttipu losa and Tam aindus indica. xvul Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road Iinla and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala city: roIDP ' ,ouironnentar and sociar rmpact statement Match 2012 Some major inwasive species were observed on some of the roads and junctions. These included I-.antaxa carilara and Minosa pigra. Faana The destruction of good faunal habitat such as big trees, thickets and bushed grassland is a continuing process and this has left limited suitable habitat in the I(ampala area. Due to these changes in habitat structure, certain species especially of birds have become more urbanized in recent years and are now established in many I(ampala gardens. These indude the popular Marabou Storks, catde Egret, Open-billed Stork, \f,/oodland Kingfisher, Grey-backed Fiscal, Ruppell's Long- tailed Starling and Red-chested Sunbird among other species (Carswell 1986). The Mammals on the other hand have suffered differendy with most, if not all, of the large mammal populations disappearing from the area. The modification of the habitat has made it rather suitable for only the smaller mammals to come in, especiaily the Chiroptem (Bats), Soricomopha (Shrews, moles) and Rodentia (X.odents). The fauna survey reported on mammals and birds as pff the approved ESIA terrns of Reference. No mammals were observed along the roads and junctions. However a number of birds were obsewed in the surroundings of the project roads and stand-alone junctions except at l(abalagala junction where no birds were observed. The cornmonest birds observed in the surroundings of the roads and junctions were Hadada Ibis, Pied Crow, Common Bulbul, Ruppel's StarJing, Black I(ite, Catde Eget and Red-eyed Dove. A number of Species of conservation concern were obsewed in the surounding of the roads. These included the Splendid Starling, Black and \)Zhite Casqued Hornbill, the African Openbill Stotk, White-throated Bee-eater, Grey Parrot, Iizard Buzzard, Litde Greenbul, Blue-spotted Wood Dove, Ross's Turaco, Barn Swallow, Black I(ite, Woodland I(ingfisher, LizardBuzzud, Red chested Sunbird and \)7hite-headed Saw-wing, Shikra, Long-crested Eagle, Ross's Tutaco, Black & \X/hite Casqued Hornbill. Population According to the provisional results of the Housing and Population Census 2074, the population of Iftmpala by Division stands at 7,576,270 persons of which 722,638 ate males and 793,572 are female. The number of households was estimated at 478,787. Wakiso District has a population of 2,007,700 persons of which 952,787 are male and 1,054,979 are female. Makindye Sabagabo Sub County has a populaion of 284,067 persons of which 733,079 are male and 150,988 are female. The household size is 3.5 and 3.9 for l(ampaia and W'akiso respectively which are both lower ^yeruge than the national average of 4.7. Results of the households survey carried out on a1l the proposed roads indicated that the average household size along all the roads was 5.5 petsons. xlx Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobi[ty in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuirorunental and Social Impact Statement Merch 2017 Literacl The socioeconomic findings further indicated that 82.6oh of the households along the proiect roads could read and write in the English language wbile 88.3% could read aod write and in any local language. Ethuic corflporition The proposed roads and junctions are located in lGmpala the capital city of Uganda which is inhabited by ethnic groups from all over Uganda. There are aiso ethnic groups from other neighboring countries such as South Sudan, I(enya, Taozaria, Rwanda, Burundi and Democratic Republic of Congo among others. The project area is also inhabited by expatriates ftorn other continents other than Africa. However, the most dominant tribe is the Baganda. The Luganda ianguage is widely understood by most of the residents along the project roads. I-and ase and /and tenare Land aiong all the project roads is mainly used for residential and commercial setdements. Agricultural land use is very limited. Majority (69%) of the households owned tided land with a sizeabie number Q)o/o) owning land under I(banja systern. Out of the interviewed households, 0.1% claimed to own land under customary and communal systems Economic actiuitiu, income soilrceJ and emplolment Majority (39.3o/o) of the households along the project roads are in formal employment whiie 39.6oh are in trading in various items. The rest obtain income from boda boda riding, taxi/special hile driving, arrisanal skills (weidiog, carpefltr|, tailoring etc.), farming, casual labour, and remittances from rentals, family or pension. With regard to employment, in IGmpala disuict, the majority of the people are either direcdy employed in organizarions or are self-employed. These organizations range from business conglomerates, construction, Enancial, enerry, food and beverage, manufacruring, foreign exchange bureaus, hotels, mass media, telecommunication, transportation and consultancy among others. Settlement Pattern, natare and gpe of baildings I(ampala is a city with a lot of diversity in setdement patterns and building types. Setdements along the proposed road links and junctions are linear in nature and congested in most of the areas. Most of the [rrildipg5 in the project s of permanent nature. Temporary structures along the road ^re ^re are mainiy in form of kiosks and market vending stalls. Setdements are comprised of both residential and commercial buildings. xx Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impect Stetemerzt March 2017 Most of the project areas are located in un-planned neighborhoods with disorgantzed housing patterns. Examples of such ateas include Calender Rest 1 junction and Namasole/Busabala junction, I(ayemba road, Ssuna II among others. Well planned setdements were found along sectioos of Sentema road, Nakawa Ntinda and other roads in the Central Business District. Comrnercial structures are close to the roads while residential structures are located a bit further for most of the roads. Setdements also include public structures like schools and churches. Trantport axd Communicatio Both I&mpala and Wakiso Districts are vibrant areas with ffansport facilities including taxis, buses, personal vehicles, motor cycles commoniy known as boda bodas and bicycles. The roads are also used by heavy trucks and lorries ftanspofting all kiads of goods. Pedestrians including school children are also a comrnon sight along the I(ampala and Wakiso roads. The nearby port at Port bell inLrszirr- is also a major link for uansporting passengers and goods from I(ampala to other parts of Uganda and the East African region. Road ttansport is the main meaos of transport within the rwo districts. The proposed road links and junctions are cutrendy in fair to poor condition. Some of the roads are paved but will require rehabilitation, othets are paved but narow and will require dualling while others are unpaved and will require upgrading to paved state. Communication companies such as MTN, Airtel, Warid Telecom, Smile Telecom, Africell, Telecom etc. provide I(ampala and lTakiso residents and visitors with mobile communicarion services, internet services and alI related communication services. Several telecommunication masts were observed along some of the proposed road junctions. IVater and Sanitation National Water and Sewerage Corporarion is the main service provider of water and sewerage services in the t's/o disfficts. Some households and institutions also practice rain watff harwesting such as St. Peters S.S. Nsambya. A few households vrere noted collecting water from springs e.g. along lTamala road. NWSC water is accessed thtough house connections and yard tap connections. Flouseholds without house connections access water through buying from those with yard tap connections. Poor garbage disposal was noticed on quite a number of the project roads where garbage was littered anyhow along the roads. Howevet, oo some roads I(CCA uucks or private trucks were noticed collecting the littered or heaped garbage along the roads. 99.\oh of the households along the project roads had access to toilet facilities. Out of the households with access to toilet facilities, 45.1% use the uaditional pit latrine. xxl Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctioas/Iutersections 1e improve rnobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Environmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017 Education There are quite many schools located along almost all the roads most of which are private primary school. There are also high instirutions of learning that are found on some of the roads e.g. Kampala Uruversiry of Nursing and Health Sciences along Wamala road, Ndejje University along Sentema road and Multitech Academy along Sir Apoilo l(aggwa road. Health Along the project roads, several health facilities mainly privateiy owned were noted. Some of the health facilities that residents along the roads use include St. Francis Nsambya Hospital in Makindye Division (which is in the vicinity of Hanlon-Nsambya Junction), Muiago National Referral Hospital in I(awempe Division, Mengo Hospital, I(tebi Health Clinic in Lubaga Division, IGmpala Capitai Ciry Authoriry CJinic I(isenyi Health Cenue in Central Division,I(omamboga and Naguru Hospital in Nakawa Division. With regard to diseases, malaria is rhe most corlmon disease as reported by 54.3oh of the households along the project roads. Vulnerabh groups Like any other sociery, there are vulnerable groups along the project roads such as the female headed households, household headed by the disabied, the elderly, children and people living with HIV/AIDS etc. The socioeconomic household survey carried out along the proposed roads showed that 20.3o/o of the households have an orphan in their homes, 6oh of the households have a disabled persoo in the home,28.3o/o of the households are headed by females and 5.5Vo of the households are headed by the elderly (65 years and above). Gender 74.3%o of the male household heads'wives did not own land. Howeve447.3Yo said that theirwives were allowed ro make decisions on issues regarding land. !7ith regard to different roles of men and women, in the urban areas many women have to alarge extent taken up the role of looking after the family in every sense of the word e.g. paylng school fees, providing medical care, buying food in addirion to household chores. \7omen have thus taken up all kinds of work in order to fulfil their current family obligations. They are engaged in trade, urban farming, casual labour, wage employment and formal employment. N o n-G o aernm e n t O rganis alio ns There are quite a number of non-goverffnent organisations with offices along the project roads. These include Cornerstone Development Uganda, International Union for Conserration of Narure xxll Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: ICIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social fmpact Statement March 2017 (IUCN), Africa Centre for Global Health & Social Transformation and I(atalemwa Cheshire Flome for Rehabilitation Service Phlsical ail caltural resources The physical cultutal resource survey revealed no declared or recorded archaeological sites and paleontological remains within the project area (selected roads and junctions). Cultural related affairs identified vdthin the project arca 2 shrines, owned by individuals. One is located at 36N 0452288 UTM 0045015 at Buwambo - I(tezi road (Kawenp) 25 meues from the road. Another found at 36 N 0454894 UTM 0032784 at I(irombe rcad (Makindle) approimately 15 metres from the road. Other culturally sensitive sites identified within the project are^ burial grounds approximately 10 ^te metre distance from Buwambo - I(itezi road. Analysis of Alternatives There are a nurnber of project design alternatives. The alternatives were analysed in respect ro potential environmental and social impacts, financial and technical issues. The principle used in the choice of alternative was to minimize both the environmental and social impacts, technical challenges and the cost of construction. In some cases however the preferred alternative following the analysis was not the alternative proposed for implementation by the design engineer. Justification for not selecting/proposing the preferred alternative following the analysis was given as required under section 4.7.7.2 of the Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment in Uganda. Paaement mateial optiorc Jor bigher order roads Two material options were proposed for the base layer and sub base layers for higher order roads. These are; Material Layer Option 1: G45 gtavel (CBR Sub-base Iayer 45%) Ys. Option 2: G8C Crushed aggregate Option 1: Crushed rock vs, Base layer Option 2: bitumen base Option 7: G45 gmvel (CBR 45o/o) is the recommended option because of its minimal environmental and social impact and technical advantage and has been selected for implementadon. Option 2:bitumen base is the recornmended option because of its minimal environmental and social impact and technical advantage over option 1: crushed rock and was proposed for implementation. xx111 Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Desigo of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve rnobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Stetement Merch 2017 Mateial thickrress flr high order roads Different mater{al thicknesses were proposed for the higher order roads as follows; Ihickness [Material [-ayer 150mm (Option l)Ys.225-3oomfflc45 gravel (CBR 45olo) base layer (Option 2) f- 150mm (Oprion 1) Vs. 17 s-zoommlcrus hed rock larer (Opuon 2) fase Option 1: 150mm for both Sub base layer G45 Gravel (CBR 45%) and Base layer crushed rock are the recommeaded options since they would have minimai social impact, reduced construction costs and period. They were the options required by the developer. However the design consulrant has proposed option 2 for implementation following the Road Design Manual gDI\4) TraficArconnodation Accommodating the high volumes of vehicles on almost all the roads to be upgraded will be a major challenge on this project. Two options have been proposed; 1. Closing off sections of roads to allow for unimpeded construction. 2. Means of stop/go conditions in partial-width construction "Option 1: Closing off road sections" is the recommended option because of minimal social impact and interruption ro construction. However both options are proposed fot implementation. Option 2 would be used vrhere option 1 is not possible such as in situations of no road diversions. Road classification Two options of Road classification v/ere proposed for IGyemba road; Arterial Road (4 Lanes) and Local Road (2 lanes). Oprion 2: Local road (single carriage way)" is the recommended option because of minimal social impact, reduced construction period and cost. It is the option proposed for implementation. Tlpical nws sections Three opdons of typical cross sections for the roads' upgrade have been proposed; 1. Full Typical Cross Sections 2. Reduced (1.5m) Typical Cross Sections xxlv Prelimioary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017 3. Reduced (1m) Typical Ctoss Sections "Option 3 Reduced (1m) Typical Cross Sections" is recommended because it would have minimal environmental and social impact, lower construction cost and period. However the fi.nal cross section implemented on each of the roads combines features of each of the above three options, based on available roadway rvidth and road user requirements (refer to Table 10). Geometric deign e lemeils Two options were considered for each of the design elements in column 1 of the table below- Design Element Utban/Peri-Urban Urban/Per-Urban Option 2 Option 1 (standard) (revised) Design speed 50 30-70 Minimum passing sight distance 345 740 Minimum horizontal curve radius 100 60 Maximum super elevation 4 3 Crest Vertical Curve passing 126 20 Shoulder cross-fall 4 2.5 Column 2 presents standards as per the MoWT General Specification for roads and bridge works the design standard required to be used for the project while column 3 presents revisions proposed by the design engineers. Option 2: Urban/Per-Urban (revised) is the recommended option because it would have miaimal environmental and social impact and has a higher technical advantage. The option has been proposed for implementation. Number of atderpa:t stwctilr$ on Kayrnba roadfor upgrade There are two dternatives, one is to upgrade the two underpass structures on I(ayemba road one under queens way and the one under the railway line. The other option is to upgrade only the one under the railway line. Option 2: Upgrade of only the underpass at the tailway Iine is the recommended option because it would have minimal environmental and social impact and lowet construction cost. It is the option proposed for implementation. Deign optionsfor the upgrade ofKayruba road A number of design options have been proposed for the upgtade of l(ayemba road as follows; xxv Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road Iinks and Juactions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala Ciry: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Stetement Merch 2017 Duign O?tion 1 : Re€radiilgKqrenba Road unfur tbe Rail Line and Qas€flJ lYqt This option considers a substantial re-grade of Kayemba Road. The Consultant proposed a vertical clearance standard of 5.2m. De-rtEt option 2: Re-gradingKqenba Road under the Rail Line and Qaeen's lf,/qt This option is based on Option 1 above .The proposed vertical clearance standard of 5.2m is reduced to 3.5m. Desisn obtion i: Re-crade Kayemba Road ouer the railway line and Oueen'.r lVay lWay This option entails the re-grading of I(ayemba Road over the rail line, as well as over Queen's Desisn obtion 4: Re-sradc Kayemba Road to form an at-srad.e rail cmsins and at-srade intersection on Oaeen't l%ay (Ottion 4) Design option 4: Re-grade i(ayemba Road to form an at-grade rail crossing and at-grade intersection -on Queen's Way is the recommended option from an overall perspective (environmental, social, technical and fi.nancial). However the option was not coosidered to be viable due to the following: o The development of the proposed Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) route on Queen's lVay wiI render the at-grade intersection layout unusable, resulting in fruidess and wasted exPense; o At-grade rail crossings are considered dangerous as road users in IQmpala are not known to adhere to the road rules regarding level raii crossings. The next best option as per the score table above is Design option 2: Re-grading I(ayemba Road under the RaiI Line and Queen's Way which has been proposed for implementation. Bidge dcry options Two existing road bridge strucrures are to be upgraded under the project, the one on l(ayemba and the one on Port beil road. Bridpe structure at Port Bell Road There are two options for the bridge strucrure to be constructed on Port beil road; 1. Portal stmcture 2. Precast Beam and SIab Stn:cnrre xxvl Pteliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Roail links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017 Option 2: Precast Beam and Slab Structure is the recommended option because of minimal social impact and a higher technical advantage. It is the option proposed for implementatjon. Bidse structure at Kavemba road There are three options for the bridge structures to be constructed on I(ayemba road 1. Portal structure (Option 1) 2. Portal structure (Option 2) 3. Portal structure (Option 3) Portal $ructare (Ootion I ) This option considers construction of the portal structure on the side of the railway line and to jack the structure into position. Portal stractarc (Ootion 2) This option will require that the railway line be relocated to a new position next to the existing position. A temporary portal sffucture will be built next to the existing strucrure, after which the railway line will be relocated to this structure. The existing strucrure can then be safely demolished. Then the new portal structure will be constructed, and when it is hnished will the railway line be put back in its place. After that the temporary portal strucnre will be demolished. Portal stntcture (Ottion 3) This option is based on Option 2. A portal structure vdll be designed to be built in turo halves. The fust half will be built in position, afterwhich the railway line will be relocated to this portion of the structure. The existing structure can then be safely demolished. Then the second half of the portal structure vdll be constructed, and when it is finished will the railway line be put back in its place. "Option 3 is recommended from an overall perspective (Social, technical and fi.nancial). It was the option selected for implemeotation in consultation with Uganda Railway Colporation $JRC) Road ligbting design options Solar povzered lighting and hybrid-powered system is to be used for the project roads. The battery box housing is to be manufactured from powder-coated corrosion proof 3CR12 steel and shall be of suitable size to house the regulator and battery. Two options have been provided for positioning of the solar battery box housing. 7. Undemeath the solar module 2. Underground xxv1l Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Stetemcnt March 2017 Opuon 1: Undernearh the solar module" for positioning of the battery box is the recomrnended option fiom a technical point of viev and was proposed for impiemenration. No action (No project) scenario The no project (no-action) alternative was also analysed. It was considered not a desirable alternative. This is because the benefits expected from the project such as employment opportunities, improved mobilry of vehicles and reduction in dust levels would not be realized yet the adverse impacts associated with the Acrion scenario are mitigable. Policy, Legal and Institutional Framework A review of poiicies, laws aod institutional framework was carried out, The national poJicy, legal, regulatory and institutional framework pertinent to the proposed project and to which the developer should comply, as well as International policies, guidelines and standards are discussed. Relevant international agreements and conventions to which Uganda is a signatory are documented. Public consultation Public consultation and sensitization commenced in the month of May 2075 at the scoping phase and continued throughout the detailed phase of the study i.e. in the months of June, July, August, September and October 201,5. Several stakeholders at national, local government and community levels were consulted. At national level some of the stakeholders consulted included I&mpa1a Capital Ciry Authority (Oient), Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development (1\4GLSD), UMEME Lirnited, Uganda Museum, Department of Historical monuments, Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities, Narure Uganda, Department of lTetlands and MTN. At the local government, both the technical and political leaders were consulted. The following are some of them that were consulted Environmeotal Officers for the respective divisions, Town Clerks for the respective divisions, Mayors for the respective divisions, Deputy Mayors for the respective divisions, Councilors for the respecrive divisions, Chairperson Eng./Physical Pianning & Education/Sociai Ser-vices, Division/\7ard Administrators, Community Developmental Officers in the respective divisions, District / Division Engineering Department, KCCA Environment and Resetdement Action PIan Division, Sub County Chief Makindye Sabagabo, Chairpersons and Vice Chairpersons, LC IIIs etc. In addition, communities aiong the respective roads, special interest groups such as the women and boda boda riders, non-governmental organisations, health facilities and educationai faciliries along the roads were consulted. A number of issues / concerns were raised by the different stakeholders. These inciude amoflg others the following; Nationa/ $akeholdrrs xxvlll Preliminary aqd Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impact Statement March 2017 o Design of lanes and zebra crossings to allow movements for vulnerable people. o Development of a safety and health plan by the contractor. . Proper management of uaffic to avoid accidents. r Provision of water, First Aid kits, resting places to the workers. o Historical buildings and monuments should be conserved to avoid losing their aesthetic value. . UMEME infrastrucrure that rvill be damaged will require restoration. r The road reserve should be used for ttee planting to conserve the biodiversity and the beaury of the city. o Community heaith and safery should be given due respect . Noti& the Chief Technical Offi.cer about the proposed project roads through formal communication requesting for support before relocatjon of the cabies. o Work closely vzith MTN engineers during the relocation process for technical guidance and support to minimize possibilities of damages to the cables. ltcal goaenmen t stake ho lders . Compensation of project affected persons. o The designs should cater for walkways and pedestrian lands. o Drainage channels and manholes should be covered to avoid accidents. o Provide employment opportunities to the local people especially casual labourers. . Involvement of National Water and Sewerage Coqporation and UMEME is key. o Provide dminage system for the design. o Good quality materials should be used during the construcrion of these roads. o The water logged areas should be taken care of from planoing stage. . l7idening of some roads should be given considered for example the Sentema road. o The roads must be covered with a fi.rm surface for ftave1 such as paving stones or concrete. Communities along the roads o There is always undervaluation of affected property. o Compensation of tenants / l xxlx Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobifity in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuironmental and Social Impect Statement Merch 2017 a Install humps to regulate speed. a Provision of alternative routes during construction. Institutions (l{GOr, education and health institutions) o Destn:ction of properry, interruption of activities and blocking access to premises close to the road. o Noise pollution , increased accidents , increased uaffic jams and loss of clients are some of the impacts expected that should be mitigated o Put Zebru crossings and road signs in busy areas especially where there are schools. o Put humps along the roads to reduce the risk of accidents. o Contractor should be careful not to destroy underground water pipes. Potential significant impacts The project vzill be associated vdth both positive and oegative impacts with varying levels of significance. Measures to enhance the positive impacts and mitigate the negative impacts have been proposed. The table below shows the predicted major positive and negative impacts and the measures proposed to enhance or mitigate them. xxx Prcliminary and Dcailcd Enginccring Dcsigr of Sclectcd Road Unks and Junctioos/Intercctions to imprcvc mobiUty in IGmpala citr KIIDP 2 Eauimnmcnnr md socia! rmpau sa*mcnt March 20rz Socio-cconomic impacts Positive impacts Better standards of living {dequate compensation to ennble better standards ofliving for proiect affected persons. Negative impacts Anxiew generated by To reduce on the anxiety, all information regpding the project and land acquisition and compensation will be disclosure of ioformation thoroughly disr-eminated to the community especially during the preparation of the Resctdement Action Plan to the Community and aoy othe! lelevant proiect information throughout other phases of the project so thxt all fears, arrrieties and queries tre tos-v,rer€d, reduced or eliminated. During the RAP preparation and implementation phases, information about land take and acquisition will be disseminated to the right people e.g. family members - property ownen.., spouses, children etc. Biophysical impacts Positive impacts (None) Negative impacts Socio-economic impacts Positive impacts Direct employment . Timely and continuous information dissemination about the existing job oppornrnities and any other opportunities opportunities besides the jobs such as sourcing of materials and supplies. The contractor will use effective communication mcthods so ns to ensure that the meo'sage reaches the intended people (See section in Baseline Chapter under communication, with recommendatioos on communicatior: channels with radio, television networks and newspapers that reach a wider section of the population). . The contractor will present a transparent Worker's Recruitment Plan. The recruitment procedures must provide equal opportunity for all including femaleo^. The Plan will be clear on the working cor:ditions and terms of employment. r Employment opportunities will be extended to the irrterested people along the different roads. xxxl Prcliminary aod Detailcd Engiuccring Dcsign of Selccted Road tinks and Junctions/Interocctions to improrc mobiliry in lQmpala City: KIIDP 2 Envitonmcatd md Sociel Impact Statemcnt Much 2017 o The Contractor will prepare and implement and Sexual Harassment Policy or Plan so as to avoid auy kind of sexual harassment for the workers. o The Contractor will provide fair working conditions and envkonment as required by the Employment Act e.g. workers will be allowed to rest, take leave e.g. annual, sick leave, provided with fair pay, contracts etc. The implementing agency will have to approve the Worker's Recruitment Plan including the proposed wages for the workers. o There will be no forced labour at rhe proiect site. o There will be no child labour at the proiect site. All employees will be aged 18 years and above as required by the Children's r\ct. Incteased business . Prioriry to be given to local companies when outsourciog construction materials. opporrunities Skills development . Provision of on-iob training for the workers (unskilled and semi-skilled) in various areas of construction. This could be achieved through deliberately p.lacing unskilled workers with semi-skilled personnel and semi-skilled with skilled workers. Negative impacts Impact on property a A detailed Resetdemer:t Action Pian will be prepared and implemented in accordance with national laws and intemational guidelines and principles. The Plan will clearly set out the land acquisition and resetdement procedure highlighting all available altematives for compensation. AII persons losing laud will be prompdy and adequately compensated before construction activities begin Financial literacy among the Project Alfected persons will be ir:stin:ted to avoid mismanagement of eanlirrg:; from cash compensation Temporarl loss of access . I-landle sections ofthe road to shorteu the period ofdisruption. to homes and businesses . ..\ccess to existing businesses will be maintained by creating temporary driveways, aod/or providing alternate access points. Accesses will be restored after construction. Loss of business, decrease r Compensate the owners ofbusiness premises adequately to enable them replace the buildings before onset in customers and income of construction activities . Provide ample time e.g. 3-6 months for the busiaess owners, boda-boda and taxi operators to look for xxx.u Prcliminary and Dctailcd Enginccring Dcsign ofSclccted Road linls and Junctions/Intercctions to improvc dobility in Kampala Citla KIIDP 2 Eovimnmcanl and Soclil Impect Satcmcnr Much 2017 alternative business premises. Disruption o( school r rJfherever practical, the conEactor will schedule construction oear schools on weekends. activities r r0Therever this risk exists, the contracto! will screen offschools to avoid accidents. o The cootracto! will engage school administlators to seositize pupils/students about the risks associated with the road construction and necessary precaudons they need to uodertake. o Disseminate information regarding the work plan for construction activities along sections witl'r schools in a timely manne! to enable the school administrations make any necessary plans that they may see fit e.g. sens-itDation of their pupils and students etc. r Proiect workers especially &ivers will continuously be sensitized and reminded to be extra careful especiaIy when working close to schools. o Use of flagmen at the construction site near schools to control traffic and reduce noise levels Influx ofpeople o Information dissemination to the intelested communities and local leaders along each road about the available jobs. . Recruitment of local people for the less specialized activities, wherever possible. o Put in place an internal cootrol system to ctrrb cnses oftheft ofmaterials . Collaborate with the local security in the area to ensure safety ofproiect materials r The contractor will have a code of conduct for its workers to minimize some of the risks. r A Grievance Management Plan will be prepared and implemented by the Contractor for use by the concemed pafties. Locnl authorities at Sub County and village levels will be involved in the solvir:g of grievances. As' a minimum the Grievance Resolutioo Mechanism / Plan will consist of a clear poirrt of contact to receive the grievances, responsible persons to solve the different categories ofca"-es and proper and clear channels for feedback. o The contractor will ptovide adequate sanitation facilities for workers on each road. The proiect being linear in nature, the distance between these facilties will be short to avoid workers treklcing long distar:ces to access them. . A Waste Management Plan will be in place and implemented by the contractor with suict supervi"-ion from KCCA. xxxlu Preliminary and Debiled Eogincering Design of Selectcd Road linl r The Contracto! will have a compreheusive HIV/AIDS Maoagement plan for its workers informed by a baseline so as to Jeduce the risk of spreading the disease e.g. provision of condoms, free testing and counseUing services, HIV/AIDS awareness programs etc. . I{IV/AIDS awareness progmms on radio or television plus any other methodology to disseminate the informatior: to the commurrity. An independeut NGO wiI be procured by KCCA to calry out the awafeness, . Minimize stagnaflt pools of watet as much as possible by ensuring that trenches are not left open for a long time. r Prepare and implement a Stal xxxlv Prcliminary rud Dctril.d Engin.critrg Decign ofSclccted Road Unlc and Junctioos/Intcrcctioos to improve mobility in IGmpala ciqr KIIDP 2 Enurromcata! rod soder hnpta statcmeDt March 2017 understanding and the main means of information access to make them effective. r Workers will be sensitized to desist from any sexual relationn' with the local people to avoid cases of family break ups. r A Sexual Harassment Policy will be developed by the Conractor before staft of the construction and its cootents distributed and disseminated to aU worhers. This plan will include items lil xxxv Peliminary and Dcailcd Etrginecring Dcsign of Sclcctcd Road linlc and Junctions/InreRcction6 to improvc mobility in Kampala city: KIIDP 2 Enubonmcnnr aad soch! rmlzact stat mcDt MNah 2017 that dl the utiLity services within the alignment are relocated before the cornrnencernent of the Works Impact on Occupational r An Occupationat Flealth and Safety Management Plan will be put in place by the contractor before I{ealth and Safety cornmencement of the proiect and will implement its provisions. The Safety Plan will put into considemtion the safety procedure in case of accidental bursts of .-ewage pipes. Workers will at all times wear PPE, . Contlactor to wolk in close collaboration with NI?SC in the event that sewage pipes break or to minimize the possibility as much as possible. . Disseminating of relevant safe working procedures to all workers e Provisioo of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment to the wolkers e.g. ear muffs, overalls, nose masks, helmets, safety boots, safety iackets . Labelling ofdanger zones and hazardous materials o Restrictions/control ofaccess to potential danger zones or usage ofhazardous chemicals o An Emergency Response Plan /Contingency Plan taking into consideration all emergencies will be prepared befoie the commencernent of the proiect. This will be communicated to all workers. o All construction equipmeot used for the execution of the prolect works urill be fit for purpose arrd carry valid inspection certificates and insurance requirements. r Risk asses-sment will be prepated and communicated prior to commencernent of work for all types of work activities on site. r Ensure all plant machines and vehicles are regularly in"-pectcd, serviced and maintained. All staff aso-igned to operate proiect machines and vehicles will be rained and competent for such a iob. . Fhst Aid kits with the relevant medicines and equipment e.g. adhesive bandages, antibiotic ointment, cotton wool, pain killers, non-latex gloves, scissors, thermometer, etc. will be made available by the contlactor on site. o An accident log swill be put at each coostruction site to record and monitor any accidents. r Wear visible apparel to reduce on the risk of accidents due to poor visibility. . Prepare a Site Traffic Management Plafl at worker' camps clearly showing visibly marked pedestriar: xxxvl Preliminary and Deuilcd Etginccring Desigo of Selected Road linlc and Junctions/Intercctioos ro ioprove mobility in Kampala Cirla KIIDP 2 Enuirontnentsl ud Social Impact Statcmcnt Mtch 2017 walkways and parking for profect vehicles to avoid aoy trrffic accidents at workers' camp. r Inform and apply site procedures to visitors to the site. . Regular vision tests for drivers. llegular impairment testing for drivers (drug, alcohol). I Regular inspecdon to eflsure the implementation of the lecommendations / provisions of the Management Plans and assessment o[compliance with the requilements. . Regular reportirlg or the health and safety performance onsite in additjon to reporting of any accidents, incidents arrd/or emergencies and the measures undertaken in such cases to control the situation and prevent it from occurring again. . I{igh noise producing machinery will be fitted with silencers r Noise intensive works such as excavadon, rnovernent of project vehides will be scheduled flor the least noise-sensitive time of the day (work berween 7:00am to 6:00pm) since the noise impact is less felt during dry than during the night. . Limit the speed of project vehicles to 30km/hr. to help minimize the increase in noise levels. To ensure adherence to the set speed limit, speed humps will be put in place where necessary along construction routes and penalry systems introduced. r Since the impact of noise increases with increase in exposure time, the work schedules for workers will also be designed to limit the exposure time. No worker will be exposed to noise level greater than 85dB (A) for a duration exceeding 8 hours per day as stated in the National Environment (I.,loise Standards and Conuol) Regulations, 2003. o Cor:duct Errviror:mental Impact .r\ssessmen ts for material ex traction activities Impact on Community . Use ofroad signs & barriers to show the daogerous areas Flealth aud Safery r Enforce restrictions on ur)necessary entry into any protected zones o Follow the mitigation measures prescribed to reduce any dust or noise impacts e.g. regular sprinkling of water along the roads like twice a day etc.). o The Contractor will have an HIV/r\IDS Prevendon Plan for his workers and also implement it so as to reduce the risk of spreading the disease. xxxvll PrcUminary aud Dctaited Enginecdng Derign of Sclcctcd Road links aod Junctions/Intescctions to imprcvc mobiliry in Kampala city KIIDP 2 Eauimnmenn! and socla! rmpact statemcDt March z0I7 o Make provisions for pedestrian aod non-vehicular traffic during constructioo periods. . Use of flagmen to dLect the traffic to avoid any accideots. . Constant sensitisations and reminders to wolkers and drivers about community health arrd safety e.g. traffic rules etc. . Work in close colaborations with Traffic Police to eoforce traffic rules and regulations along the roads under construction. . All project vehicles and trucks will comply with the proposed speed limits i.e. 30-50 based ou the road, r The contractor to ensure that all project trucks and vehicles are operated by [censed operato$. o The Contractor to be extremely carefiil when relocating sewage pipes to nvoid any acciderrtal sewage bursts and their impacts to communities. r The Contractor will work closely with NrVSC so as to ensure that ris'ks associated with breaking of sewage pipes are minimio^ed. o Enhance community liaison for timely gathering of all the related community health and safety issues arising from proiect implementation . High noise producing machinery will be 6tted with silencers .' Noise iotensive works such as excavation, movement of profect vehicles will be scheduled for the least noise-sensitive time of the day (work between 7:00am to 6:00pm) .-ince the noise impact is less felt during day than during the night. r Conduct Environmentrl Impact Asseo'smeots for material extraction activities Biophysical impacts Positive impacts Negative impacts Loss of plant species and o Before vegetation clearance, the corridors to be cleared will be cleady marked out to avoid unnecessary degadadon of habitats vegetation clearance. Iu additioo, clearing will be done manually where possible and will not be done indiscriminately. Trees that have to be felled will therefore be marked before clearance commences. . Species of conservation concern will be avoided by designiog new road lanes on road sides without the xxxvllt Ptelimina4y and Dcailed Enginecring Dcsign of Sclccted Road tinks andJunctions/Itrtcscctioos to inp@w mobility in Kampala Cityr KIIDP 2 Environmcnnl ud Social Impact Statcmcnt Me.ch 2017 species. Flowever, if they cannot bc avoided then permission to clear those [sted by NFA will be sought from responsible authorities as stated in the law. AIso if cleared, the tress will be replanted by the road or juuction sides and their regrowth monitoled and eohanced uotil they are rnatule. . A deliberate cxmpaign will be made beforehand to sensitize all the construction and other workers on the ploiect about the need to minimize damage on plant species. This awareness raising drive will be carried out prior to any operations ir: the proiect area. o New road lnnes will be placed on the side of the roads that have no wedand/stream or on wedand sides that are mole degraded with human activity such growing of crops, Eees, and waste disposal o r\li persons losing crops and trees will be adequately compensated. r Tree clearance wil.l be compensated by tree planting where space provides an oppornrnity. . In addition, to avoid the impact from becoming significant beyond boundaries ofroads mentiooed above, the following will be implemented; / Spit[ug of bitumen that would damage vegetation wi]l be avoided; / Creation ofnew diversioo roads will be avoided by using existing roads as diversions where possible; y' Stone crusbing plan* will be fitted with dust control devices and operated in accordance with manufacturer's specifi cations; y' Workshops, equipmeut stornge faciiities and workers camps, will not be put in areas of special conservation value such as forest reserves aod wedaods; / Areas which will minimize vegetation loss will be selected for access routes, constructiorr workshops, equipmer:t and materials' storage sites and workers' camps; / Stockpile"- of earth will not be placed where there is vegetation, particularly on young plants which have beer: planted deliberately. y' All areas cleared of grass will be revegetated just after decommissioning. Proliferation of lnvaslve . Construction equipment brought irr from outside the proiect area will be cleaned to minimize the risk of species ofplants inuoducing invasive species from outside dre proiect area. . All equipment will be cleaned thoroughly before demobilization out of the proiect area. . Awareness of the workers and neighbouring communities about the dangers and threats invasive species xxxlx Prcliminary and Dctailcd Engincering Dceign of Sclccted Road linko rnd Juoctions/Intcrccctions to imprcvc mobility in IGmpala Ciqr KIIDP 2 Eauimmcotel aad Sociil Impact Snrcmeat Match 2017 can potentially pose to ecosystem stability will be enhanced. . Aoy non-paved disturbed areis will be restored immediately afte! the operations. This should aLlow rratural regeneration to trke place so that the disturbed areas may be re-vegetated with rratural vegetatiou immediately after the construction activities r Growh of invasive species of plnnts within the proximity to the roads will be monitored and any that mn,v grow in the area mechanically removed, preferably before they begin flowering/fruiting stage . During channelization, the flow direction of wate! within wednnds will as much as possible be maintained . Borrow mnterid from quarry or borrow pits will be obtained from within the profect area as much a"' possible. o Earth for filling during road construction will be obtained from bare/almost bnre grour:d to minimise orr the seed banko- that would be carried along with it. r Immediately after construction, rond edges cleared of vegetation will be planted with plant s'pecies indigenous to those areas and their regrowh monitored until they are matur€ Reduction in number of . Cutting down of big trees and dmining of wedands rvhich are main habihts for biodivetsiry ',vill be fauna species minimised. Sentitive areas like woodlots and wetlands and maior thickets will be avoided during construction. o In cases where the sensitive habitats crflnot be avoided, a plan to create thes-e habitats will be put in placc. For example, if for unavoidable reasons, one tree is cut down, three more trees at the road side to replace the destroyed habitat will be planted. And if a wedand ir^ to be drained, a i'ecdon of it to service the remaining ecosystern will be left o Recovery of such areas (woodlots and wedands) if affected during construction will be monitored. . Any roosting or bteeding sites encountered during construction will be avoided. Change in geological . The above mentioned activities that would result into a change in the geological struclure will be limited to substructure only the areas under operation. r Cuts will not exceed the angle of repose which could lead to rock falls, slips and land slides . Stock piles for each type of material excavated will be separated. This will be done to ensure systematic backfilling of created pits aod to maintain a geologic arrrngement close to the original. xl Prcliminary and De uilcd Engioccring Desigu of Sclected Road linkt and Juoctious/Iotcrucctions to imprcvc mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 EnuiroMentd ud Social Impact Steccmcnt Mffch 2017 o Exposed slopes will be protected using conventional civil engineerirrg stnrctules (such as stone 6lled meshed ferrces) in coniunction with bio-engiaeeriag techniques . Newly eroded channels will be backfdled and restored to natural contours . Ateas susceptible to erosion will be protected usingether temporary or perrnanent drainage works o Scouring of slopes will be prevented r Ponding will be prevented o If not to cootioue in use, all borrow piLs and quarry sites will be backfilled to as near as possible their original topography r Grouting will be undertaken since it can improve the stability of unstabie slopes Soil erosion and o Miuimisation of earth works such as excavadon, cut and fill, vegetation clearance, and compaction, to only sedimentation (Siltation) the area that is absolutely necessary r Construction cutoff ditches around stockpiles to prevent materials being washed away by swface runoff o Excavated and stockpiled materials will be covered with fabric or other materia.ls r Stock piling near waterways or on slopes will be avoided . Use of existing roads as access loads to quarry sites, borrow areas, worker's camps, and workshops where possible . ltevegetacion of arry corrstructed access roads during the decommissioning phase of the project. o Location of stone crushing plants away from water cou$es r Stone crushing plants will be fitted with approved dust conuols and operated in accordance with manufacturer's specifi cations o Soil erosion checks will be put in place whereever necessary along drains. These checks will include scour checks, silt traps, paviug ofdrains, and stone pitchhg. In addition, drains will be regularly desilted. r Construction of ir:terception ditches, and setding ponds to prevent muddy water reaching water sources o Water supply sources will be ideotified and relocated before site clearing and construction. o Excavation and grading activities will be planned during the dry season where possible o After construction, vegetation will be planted in areas where vegetation was removed including areas where soil spoil was previously dumped. xIi Prcliminery end DeEiled Engincering Dcsign of Sclcctcd Ro.d linlc and Junctions,/Intercctions to imprcvc mobility in Kamprla Ciqa KIIDP 2 Eadrcnmcnml and Social Impact Statcmcat Msrch 2017 r Channelisation will be done in such a way that wate! continues to flow in a direction as near as possible to its original. o Rock boulders will be placed as the first layer at the bed of swamps when frlling swamps to allow continued water flow. . Uodertaking works in sloppy areas (catchment alels) will be avoided. However if they must be ur:dertaken there then drainage systems (outfall drains) will be installed to make sure water from the catchment areas- mnintains is original flow direction/to make sure that water from catchment areas ends up in its usual basins. r Where banks of streams going through the wedands are erodible, gabions and other measures to minimize erosiori will be put in place o Culverts and drainage char:nels will be constructed/installed taking the peak water levels of streams and swamps into consideration. r Culverts will be leveled appropriately so that they are self-cleaning. . De-silting of road drainage systems will be undertal xlii Ptclimioary and Dctailcd Engineering Dcsign of Selcctcd Road liuks eodJunctiom/Intencctioar m imprcw nobility io Kampala Ci$a KUDP 2 Envitomcatal and Sochl fmpaa Sntcmcnt Mtch 2017 o .i\li idle ot will be turned off to minimize on em,.sslon. Socio-economic impacts Positive impacts Improved mobiliry of . Strict supervisior: of the contractor to ensure that all required specificntions and standards for construction vehicles, reduction in travel of a durable road are complied with. time and reduced traffic e Instaliatiol of road signage to control against accidents related to the "new road effect" collgestion lleduced vehicle wear and Strict supervision of the contracto! to ensure that all required specifications aDd standards for construction tcar thus- reduced of a durable road ale complied with. mnilltelrance costs llegular post collstruction road mailltenalrce to avoid the breakdown of the new road infrastrucrule and reruln to the initjal poor road co0ditions Ileduction in dust levels r Srict supervisiorl of the contracto! to ensure that all required specifications and standards for construction of a durable road are complied with. . AII bare surfaces opened during the construction phase urill be rehabiltated by way ofrevegetation e Routine (preferably daily) sweeping of the roads and their sides to reduce on any dust that may accumulate as a result of day to activities ofpeople operating along the diffetent roads. . Enforce speed limits lmproved access to health . Strict supervision of the contractor to ensure that all required specifications and standards for construction serwices of a durable road are complied with. . r\vailabiliry ofdrugs in health facilities o Adequate medical personnel to help save the lives of people. Iocreasc in value of land . Stlict supervision of the contractor to ensure that all required specifications and standards for construction and property along the of a durable rord ale complied with. roads . r\vai]abiliry of drugs in health facfities o Adequate medical personnel to help save the lives of people. xliii Prctiminary end Dctailcd Enginccring Dcsign ofSclccted Roed Iinks end Junctions,/Intcrcctions to impovc mobility io Kampala Gt)4 KIIDP 2 Enubonmcan! ud socirr rmpect stetcmcat March 2017 I-and development and mor€ business oPPortunities Improved sanitation and a . KCCA will provide dumping bins in designated places for people to dump in their rubbish. These bins will leduction in related be emptied on a regula! basis. diseases o Private garbage collectots will be contracted to collect rubbi"'h along the roads oo a regular basis. r Sensitisation campaigns towards change in snnihtion plactices and proper sanitation could be engineeted by KCCI\ in l(ampala in general and along the roads. . Bylaws against littering of rubbish will be developed and disseminated to the people. Fines will be paid by whoever breaks them. Street lighting o Continuous community awareness on community policing to r-afeguard the street lights. o The lights will be designed in a way that they will be difficult to be stolen/vandalised Improved Scenic . Daily sweeping of the roads is required Beaury/Aesthetics r Routine and timely garbage collection by KCCA r Enforce Iines to whoever will be fouod littering gatbage anyhow. . Periodic and regulated desilting ofdrainage channels . Periodic mainteoance of the roads and steet and junctioo lights Tourism aftraction . Increase/ plomote ofarchaeo- tourism related activities . Strict supervision of the contractor to ensure that all required .'pecifications and standards for construction of a durable road are complied with. Negative impacts Loss of iobs . Counselling programs for the workers before completion of the construction. o Financial literacy and management trainings may be carried out for the workels to enn-ure propet arrd prudent use and investment of their salaries to enn-ure continued earning even after completion of constmcdon. Blocking of access to I Ensure thnt after construction, there are altemative accesses to the blocked homes xliv Prclimiuary and Dcailed Engineering Design ofSelectcd Road tinls andJunctions/Inremcctioas to improw mobility in Kampala City KIIDP 2 Eauircnmcntat ud Sociil Impact Statcmat Mtrch 2017 homes and other public r Round culverts will be adopted for drainage in the sections where there is a home or business premise in places close proximiry to the road. Increase ir: traffic on some Proper signaLizatiorr of tl're proposed junctions like l(abuusu iunction and effective use of the traffic lights wiJJ roads help to reduce the ar:ticipated traffic along the affected roads. IUsli o[ acciderlts due to r Proposed speed limits per road will be mair:tained. over speeding o Wherever feasible, humps will be installed to regulate speed. o Road snfety campaigns espccially among pupils/studeuts will be undertaken by the schools' administrations. L:troduction of road safety education curriculum in schools especially primary and secondary levels. o Where feasible especially near schools, zebra crossings will be provided for. e Road safery campaigns in gerreral for road users through radio talk shows. r Placement of traffic officers along areas that may considered most at risk e.g. at iunctions. . Constant performance monitoring of the roads to identi& any black spots that could lead to accidents. Biophysical impacts Positive impacts Negative impacts Cumulative impacts Increased disruption of fhe mitigation mensures for the independent prolect impact plesented in the report will be implemented. traffic Irrcreased loss of plar:t Ihe mitigation measures for d:e independent project impact plesented in the report will be implemented. species and degradation of habitats Irrcreased air pollurion Ihe mitigatior: measures for the independent project impact plesented in the report wiII be implemented. xlv Preliminary aud Detailed Engioeering Design of Selected Road links and Junctions/Intersections to improve mobility in Kampala city: KIIDP t ' tnuironmentar and social rmpact statement March 20rZ Residual impacts Upon successfi.il implementation of the impact mitigation measures the signifi.cance level of the negative impacts will be reduced to either minimal/no or small negative. Impact monitoring An eovironmental and social management plan (Iable 55) to ensure implementation and check on the efficiency of the proposed mitigation measures has been developed. In the plan, monitodng roles are assigned to the Developer and/or his contractors and consultants, NEMA, Local leaders, Police, Utility service providets, Mnistry of $7orks and Transport, Ministry of Gendet, Labour and Social Development, Ministry of Lands, Flousing and Urban Development, Petroleum Supply Department and Minisuy of Tourism and Antiquitiespepartment of Museums and Monuments. The total cost for monitoring during the construction phase and liabiJity peliod has been estimated at USD 3621754. The stated cost excludes contractor monitoring costs. Conclusion The project will result into a number of impacts on the environment. These impacts will be both positive and negative. Measures to mitigate each of the identifi.ed the negative impacts have been recommended. Once these measures are implemented, then the impacts will be minimized. Recommendations The developer is called upon to ensule that the mitigation measures proposed under this report are implemented. The developer should also ensure that the ESMP presented under this report is available to the relevant parties responsible for implementing it. To supplement the ESMP presented under this report, all contractors should be called upon to develop the following Environmental management plans; . A Spill Prevention and Counter Measure plan o Waste Management Plan o Occupational Health and Safety Plan . HIV/AIDS Prevention PIan o Erosion and Sediment Control Plan o Flood Contol plan o Environmental Management Plan o Environmental Restoration plan o Truffrc maflagement plan . Utility relocation plan xlvi Preliminary and Detailed Engineering Design of Selected Road linla and Junctions/Intersections to inprove mobility in Kampala City: KIIDP 2 Enuircatnental and Social Impact Statement Merch 2017 a a Stakeholder and Citizen Engagement (Grievance Management) Plan The developer should ensure that on compietion of prof ect works, all sites disrurbed by the project works are restored to as near as possible their original state before the commencement of the proiect works as per developed and approved restoration plans. Since impacts are site specific, individual Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) for excavation of material from borrow pits, quarry sites and for the construction of workshops, workers' camps, equipment stomge sites, stone crushing plants and any other ancillary works e.g. creation of road diversions, extraction of water from water sources etc. shouid be conducted by the developer/contractors, before the commencement of works. The EIAs should be spearheaded by qualified and registered EIA pracritioners. The contractor should recruit an Environmentalist, a Community Liaison Officer, Health and Safety Offltcer, among other staff, who will monitor the implementation of the ESMMP. The contractor's environmentalist shouid produce and submit to the developer/Supervising consultant's Environmentaiist monthly reports on how far the project conforms to the statements in the ESIA report. The developer should keep records and make monthiy and annual reports to NEMA describing how far the project conforms to the statements in the ESIA report. As required by the National Environment Audit Guidelines, the developer should carry out environmental audits of the project aad submit the fust Environmental audit report to the Executive Director, NEMA within a period of not less t'welve months and not more than thirty six months after the commencement of the project. Also, enviroomental audits shouid be conducted by the developer or the contractors for the project ancillary components including bortow pits, quarry sites, wotkshops, workers' camps, equipment storage sites, road diversions etc. for which individual EIAs will have been carried out. The audits or the ancillary facilities should be conducted between the first year and the third year after the commencement of the project ancillary operations or after the completion of the ancillary operations or eariier if the operations will run for less than a year) The developer shouid obtain any necessary permits including water abstraction permits, waste discharge permits, fuel transportarion and storage permits, permits to cut down resewed species among others. The developer or contractors should eosure that impacts not contemplated at this stage are quickly addressed in case they arise. If the developer wishes to add any other component onto the project which was not considered under this assessment, a fresh Enyiroomental, andf or Social Impact Assessment (as an addendum) for the additional component should be undertaken to determine its compatibility with the immediate envirorrment, its impacts on the environment and to identifr appropriate mitigation measures for its adverse impacts. xlvii