Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey Phase 1

Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut,

Surrey

Phase 1 Archaeological Evaluation

for Skanska Construction UK Ltd

CA Project: 770496

CA Report: 17161

March 2017

Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey (Phase 1)

Archaeological Evaluation

CA Project: 770496 CA Report: 17161

Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for Approved revision by A 10.04.17 JCC Ray Internal General Edit Richard Kennedy Review Greatorex

This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.

CONTENTS

SUMMARY ...... 2

1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3

2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ...... 4

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ...... 7

4. METHODOLOGY ...... 7

5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-5) ...... 8

6. THE FINDS ...... 10

7. DISCUSSION ...... 12

8. CA PROJECT TEAM ...... 12

9. REFERENCES ...... 12

APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS ...... 14 APPENDIX B: THE FINDS ...... 18 APPENDIX C: OASIS REPORT FORM ...... 19

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 Site location plan (1:25,000) Figure 2 Trench location plan showing archaeological features, cropmarks and geophysical survey results (1:2000) Figure 3 Photographs of Trenches 3 and 8 Figure 4 Photographs of Trenches 12 Figure 5 Photographs of Trench 14 Figure 6 Photographs of Trench 19 Figure 7 Trench locations overlaid on historic map

1 © Cotswold Archaeology Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey: Archaeological Evaluation

SUMMARY

Project Name: Princess Royal Barracks Location: Deepcut, Surrey NGR: SU 90730 57124 Type: Evaluation Date: 3 - 7 April 2017 Planning Reference: 12/0546 Location of Archive: Surrey Museums Service Site Code: PBD 17

Phase 1 of an archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in April 2017 at The Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey. Twelve trenches were excavated.

No finds, features or deposits of archaeological significance were found pre-dating the modern era during trial trenching. Of those features that were found during the course of the Phase 1 evaluation, they corresponded with trackways and boundaries shown on 20th century mapping of the site.

2 © Cotswold Archaeology Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey: Archaeological Evaluation

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 In April 2017 Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an archaeological evaluation for Skanska Construction UK Ltd. at the Princess Royal Barracks in Deepcut, Surrey (centred on NGR: SU 90730 57124; Figure 1). The evaluation was undertaken to accompany a hybrid planning application at Princess Royal Barracks for the construction of new housing at the site (12/0546 (as amended)). The detailed consent part of the hybrid refers to conversion of the Officers’ and Sergeants’ Messes and Head Quarters of the Director of Logistics to 81 flats (Class C3). The outline element is for the general provision of housing and other facilities. Conditions 52-54 attached to the hybrid planning permission relate to ‘Archaeology and Historic Buildings’.

1.2 The evaluation was carried out in accordance with a brief for archaeological evaluation prepared by Surrey County Council’s Archaeological Officer (SCCAO) the archaeological advisor to the Surrey Heath Borough Council (SHBC), and with a subsequent detailed Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2016) and approved by the SCCAO. The fieldwork also followed Standard and guidance: Archaeological field evaluation (CIfA 2014). It was monitored by Alexandra Egginton the SCCAO on the 5th April 2017.

The site

1.3 The proposed development is located at Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, approximately 0.5km to the east of the village of Frimley Green and approximately 4km to the north east of Farnborough. The Site comprises an irregular parcel of land of approximately 112ha currently in use as a military barracks and training area (see Figure 1).

1.4 The site is located to the east of the B3015, which forms the western boundary. Its southern boundary is demarcated by the Basingstoke Canal, and by training areas and residential developments to the north and east. The majority of the boundaries of the site are demarcated by chain link perimeter fencing, denoting it as MoD property. The Site occupies a slight south facing slope, but is largely flat in appearance. The land falls from approximately 110m above Ordnance Datum in the north to c. 90m above Ordnance Datum in the south.

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1.5 The underlying geology within the proposed development comprises Camberley Sand Formation; sedimentary bedrock formed approximately 34 to 56 million years ago in the Palaeogene Period in a local environment previously dominated by shallow seas (BGS online 2016).

2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

2.1 Apart from standing buildings, the EA chapter identified “one possible asset that has the potential to be affected by the proposed development is defined in its possible extent by an Area of High Archaeological Potential (AHAP) as defined by SCC. This area is located at the eastern end of the present Alma Gardens where a small portion of it intersects the Site boundary. The AHAP is associated with the site of a probable Bronze Age round barrow recorded on early Ordnance Survey mapping (see HER Refs. 1817 and 2276). The HER record notes that the Site has army barracks buildings at its former location. Research undertaken as part of this assessment confirms that the AHAP has been redeveloped for housing twice in the twentieth century (first in the 1930s and again the 1960s) and finally re-landscaped in the late 1990s. It is unlikely, therefore, that any physical evidence of the barrow has survived”.

2.2 While it is indeed probable that all surface traces of the barrow have been destroyed, the survival of at least parts of the encircling ditch, if it had one, is possible, below ground. However, no development works are currently planned in this location.

2.3 Military use of the area began in the early to mid-19th century. The British Army used the area of the heathland around Chobham Common for training and exercises. Initially, there were no permanent camps with only numerous tented encampments. The most significant of these appears to have been set up on Chobham Common in 1853 prior to the outbreak of the Crimean War (1854-56) and led to the recognition that more substantial troop accommodation was required in the area.

2.4 This led in turn, following the end of the Crimean War, to the establishment of Aldershot as a dedicated military town. Blackdown Camp, as it was called at its

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establishment, was set up later following the 2nd Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) as one of three barracks in the wider area specifically for the 1st Army Corps. The land was part of the estate of Henry Bellew Pain and was purchased by the War Department in 1890.

2.5 Construction of a semi-permanent barracks employing demountable buildings of corrugated steel and timber began in 1900 and was completed in 1903. Blackdown Camp was named in association with Blackdown Hill, where it was located, Deepcut Camp in association with the adjacent cut for the Basingstoke Canal. The two Camps each contained two barracks named after military campaigns. Blackdown comprised Alma and Dettingen Barracks and Deepcut, Minden North and Minden South Barracks.

2.6 Changes were made to the camps and barracks during the First World War. The Bisley Branch Line was extended from Bisley to Deepcut and Blackdown camps and additional barracks were constructed to the east (Aisne and Marne Barracks) and to the west (Frith Barracks) of Blackdown.Frith Barracks was constructed in 1914 specifically to house German PoWs, who also occupied tented accommodation on the site.

2.7 The Camps were home to an experimental formation, the 6th Infantry Brigade in the inter war years during which time Alma and Dettingen Barracks were rebuilt and the Bisley Branch Line closed. Between 1933 and 1938 three landmark buildings were constructed on the site: two Messes, one for the Officers of Minden Barracks (the present Officers’ Mess, Brunswick Road) and one for the Officers of West Frith Barracks (the present Sergeants’ Mess, Bellew Road and the current HQ Director of Logistics building (Dettingen House)). The two Officer’s Mess buildings were designed by William A. Ross ARIBA. Dettingen House was built to a standard design.

2.8 During WWII large numbers of Canadians as well as British troops were stationed at the two camps. Other than this, there is little historical information available pertaining to this period.

2.9 After WWII, Blackdown Camp was run down until 1948 when the Headquarters and No. 4 Training Battalion RAOC (Royal Army Ordnance Corps) occupied Deepcut in

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the south. They were followed by other RAOC battalions into the mid-1950s. Blackdown Camp (the current Deepcut) became the Regimental Depot and Training Centre RAOC in 1962. This occasioned a re-evaluation of the outmoded former North and South Minden Barracks. A first report on the redevelopment of the site was produced in 1963, the following year a group of buildings in the southeast of the site (part of the former Minden South Barracks) were demolished. Redevelopment proper began in 1967 and was completed in 1972 with the site building renamed Blackdown Barracks. Minor alterations have taken place to the buildings since that time and a small number of new buildings have been added to the site in more recent years.

2.10 The Royal Logistics Corps (RLC) was formed on 5 April 1993 by joining together several existing corps including the RAOC and took the then Blackdown Barracks as its headquarters which were renamed Princess Royal Barracks.

2.11 Little survives of the earlier buildings across the wider site. The exceptions are Alma House and North Minden House, which are residential properties that predate military occupation; the Officer’s and Sergeant’s Messes and Dettingen House, built in the 1930s and four pre-war structures of the 41 Squadron Lines (engineers) in the former Minden South Barracks.

2.12 The Heritage Evaluation (Amec 2012) identified one other heritage asset within the site boundaries: the remains of the Bisley, Deepcut and Blackdown Railway (NMR reference. 959252) earthworks of which still seem to survive in the wooded area in the south-east of the site.

2.13 In 2015 Cotswold Archaeology conducted an archaeological watching brief associated with the excavation of geotechnical test pits (CA 2015). No archaeological features were identified within the test pits although they did reveal information about the character of the made ground across the site, particularly to the south in the area once occupied by the military railway. A number of structures and features of potential interest for their military heritage value were identified in areas adjacent to the test pits including concrete structures and a short stretch of a possible First World War training trench. The Test pits also helped establish which areas retained archaeological potential as a result of a lack of disturbance from military activity or the various phases of

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development associated with the camp. It is these areas that will be the focus of the archaeological field evaluation.

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

3.1 The objectives of the evaluation were to provide information about the archaeological resource within that part of the site identified as retaining some archaeological potential, including its presence/absence, character, extent, date, integrity, state of preservation and quality. In accordance with Standard and guidance: Archaeological field evaluation (CIfA 2014), the evaluation was designed to be minimally intrusive and minimally destructive to archaeological remains. The information gathered will enable the Surrey Heath District Council to identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset of archaeological interest, consider the impact of the proposed development upon it, and to avoid or minimise conflict between the heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the development proposal, in line with the National Planning Policy Framework (DCLG 2012).

4. METHODOLOGY

4.1 The fieldwork comprised the excavation of 12 trenches (mostly 30m by 1.8m) in the locations shown on the attached plan (Fig. 2). . Trenches were set out on OS National Grid (NGR) co-ordinates using Leica GPS and surveyed in accordance with CA Technical Manual 4 Survey Manual.

4.2 All trenches were excavated by mechanical excavator equipped with a toothless grading bucket. All machine excavation was undertaken under constant archaeological supervision to the top of the first significant archaeological horizon or the natural substrate, whichever was encountered first. Where archaeological deposits were encountered they were excavated by hand in accordance with CA Technical Manual 1: Fieldwork Recording Manual.

4.3 Deposits were assessed for their palaeoenvironmental potential in accordance with CA Technical Manual 2: The Taking and Processing of Environmental and Other Samples from Archaeological Sites and, no deposits were identified that required

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sampling. All artefacts recovered were processed in accordance with Technical Manual 3 Treatment of Finds Immediately after Excavation.

4.4 The archive and artefacts from the evaluation are currently held by CA at their offices in Kemble. Subject to the agreement of the legal landowner the artefacts will be deposited with Surrey Museum Service, along with the site archive. A summary of information from this project, set out within Appendix C, will be entered onto the OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.

5. RESULTS (FIGURES 2-6)

5.1 Despite the archaeological potential of the site (as indicated in the background to this WSI (CA 2016) archaeological features were only recorded in Trenches 3, 4, 8, 12, 14 and 19, all of which contained post-medieval features. Within the remaining trenches no archaeological features or deposits were recorded and they were all archaeologically sterile.

5.2 The general deposit sequence identified across Phase 1 comprised of a mid-orange and yellow mottled sand, compact to friable in places with common gravel and sand stone with grey and dark brown patches overlain made ground, and 0.14m to 0.43m of dark black silty sand, turf layer, friable and occasional flint inclusions topsoil.

5.3 Trench 3 contained a NW-SE orientated linear 305, identified as a probable ditch, which was >1.8m in length and 1.53m wide and 0.72 in depth. It contained a single tertiary fill (306), from which no finds were recovered. It was likely to be a modern ditch used for military training purposes.

5.4 Trench 4 contained a linear feature 405, identified as a probable modern ditch, which was 1.8m in length and 1.5m wide. It contained one fill (406), from which no finds were recovered. It was likely to be a modern ditch used for military training purposes. It also contained a large semi-circular pit 407, which was 2.5m in length and 1.3m in width, and was filled with a single fill 408. It was likely to be a modern pit used for military training purposes. Both features were unexcavated

5.5 Trench 8 contained an N-S orientated linear 806, which was 1.8m in length and 0.6m. It contained one fill (807), from which modern refined white ware was

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recovered. It was likely to be a modern ditch used for military training purposes. It also contained a large semi-circular pit 804, which was 0.63m in length and 0.8m in width, and was filled with a single fill (805). It was likely to be a modern pit used for military training purposes. Both features were unexcavated

5.6 Trench 12 contained an NE-SW orientated linear 1202, identified as a probable ditch, which was 1.01m wide and 0.49m in depth. It contained one fill (1203), from which fragments of undated CBM was recovered. It is considered to be a modern ditch used for military training purposes.

5.7 Trench 14 contained six linear features, all likely to be a modern ditches used for military training purposes. Linear 1403 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 0.97m wide and 0.42m in depth. It contained one fill 1404, from which no finds were recovered.

5.8 Linear 1405 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 1.23m wide and 0.69m in depth. It contained one fill 1406, from which no finds were recovered.

5.9 Linear 1407 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 1.45m wide and 0.54m in depth. It contained one fill 1408, from which no finds were recovered.

5.10 Linear 1409 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 1.16m wide and 0.64m in depth. It contained one fill 1410, from which no finds were recovered.

5.11 Linear 1411 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 0.3m wide and 0.37m in depth. It contained one fill 1412, from which no finds were recovered.

5.12 Linear 1413 was a NW/SE aligned linear which was >1.8m in length, 0.3m wide and 0.41m in depth. It contained one fill 1414, from which no finds were recovered.

5.13 Trench 19 contained an NW/SE orientated linear 1904. It was likely to be a modern ditch used for military training purposes. It was 2.25m in length, 1.89m wide, and 0.26m in depth. It contained two fills (1905 and 1906), from which no finds were recovered.

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5.14 A undated posthole 1902, which is likely modern in date, was also excavated within Trench 19. It was 033m in length, 0.29m in width and 0.20m in depth. It contained one fill 1903, from which no finds were recovered.

6. THE FINDS

6.1 Artefactual material recovered from the evaluation is listed in Appendix B and discussed further below. Finds of a modern date will not be retained.

Pottery 6.2 A total of six sherds (744g) of pottery, all dating to the modern period (late 19th to mid-20th centuries), was recorded from two deposits. Four sherds of stoneware were recorded, displaying a variety of glazes. The group includes two inkbottles, occurring in salt-glazed and white-glazed fabrics, and a green-glazed vase base stamped with the retailer G.H. Richards, London. The remaining two sherds are in a refined whiteware.

Other Finds 6.3 A total of 13 glass pieces, weighing 3865g, was recorded from made ground layer 801. Of the group, twelve occur in colourless or a pale blue-green glass and one in dark green glass. The majority are complete or almost complete bottles and jars. This includes mineral water bottles from Slough and Aldershot, beer bottles (including one from Reading), condiment bottles such as Mason’s OK Sauce and Camp Coffee, and toiletry jars for Brylcreem and similar. On the basis of the companies and styles represented, the group is dateable to the early to mid-20th century.

6.4 Six metal items were recorded from three deposits. A long nail, of probable modern date, was recorded from posthole 1902 (fill 1903). Made ground layer 801 produced the remaining four items, which included an aluminium mug of military style. Such mugs change little in style and were in use throughout the 20th century. Two iron items, a collar and a plate, cannot be closely dated, nor their original use ascertained. A single copper alloy item is a .303 calibre bullet casing. The drilled holes in the shaft indicate it was a dummy and likely used for practise. The top plate of a large military cooking stove was recorded from made ground layer 403, of 20th century date.

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Pet Burial 6.3 The fabric remains of a military bag or item of clothing, including associated copper alloy buckles and aluminium press-stud closures, was recorded from ditch 305 (fill 306). Associated with this material was the remains of a dog. The fabric is well preserved, enabling the identification of ’58 pattern webbing’. The webbing dates the burial to between the 1950s and 1990s and military personnel on site at the time of excavation believe the style is that of the 1970s equipment.

6.5 A total of four fragments (12g) of ceramic building material was recorded from ditch 1202 (fill 1203) and posthole 1902 (fill 1903). All pieces are too fragmentary to indicate form and are not closely dateable.

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7. DISCUSSION

7.1 No finds, features or deposits of archaeological significance were found pre-dating the modern era during trial trenching. Of those features that were found during the course of the Phase 1 evaluation, they corresponded with trackways and boundaries shown on 20th century mapping of the site.

7.2 The lack of archaeological features within the site is unsurprising as the site was likely chosen by the military due to its relatively isolated character, and the fact that it was common land, unlikely to have been occupied by anything other than temporary/transient settlement or activity. Modern landscaping of the site is likely to have further reduced the archaeological potential of the site.

8. CA PROJECT TEAM

Fieldwork was undertaken by Jeremy Clutterbuck, assisted by Emily Stynes, Tim Street and Steve Bush. The report was written by Jeremy Clutterbuck. The finds reports was written by Katie Marsden. The illustrations were prepared by Charlotte Patman. The archive has been compiled by Zoe Emery, and prepared for deposition by Hazel O’Neill. The project was managed for CA by Ray Kennedy.

9. REFERENCES

AMEC 2012 ‘Historic Environment Desk Study and Heritage Significance Evaluation’ (extracted from the Environmental Statement Volume 2 Main Report (vol 11 Historic Environment)

BGS (British Geological Survey) 2015 Geology of Britain Viewer http://maps.bgs.ac.uk/geology viewer_google/googleviewer.html Accessed 21 April 2017

CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2015 Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey: Archaeological Watching Brief. Report: 15211

12 © Cotswold Archaeology Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey: Archaeological Evaluation

CA 2016 Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey: Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Evaluation

CIfA (Chartered Institute for Archaeologists) 2014 Standard and guidance: Archaeological field evaluation. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (Reading)

DCLG (Department of Communities and Local Government) 2012 National Planning Policy Framework

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APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS

Area Context Type Fill of Context Description length width depth Spot interpretation date 1 100 Layer Topsoil Black silty sand, loose, high 30 1.8 0.3 Modern humic content, rooting throughout, forest floor 1 101 Layer Made ground Mid brown gravel - made 30 1.8 0.11 ground for museum car park 1 102 Layer Made ground Dark grey black silty sand, 30 1.8 0.09 rooting and rare flint gravel inclusions 1 103 Layer Made ground Mid grey silty ash, rare gravel 30 1.8 0.11 inclusions 1 104 Layer Made ground Dark black silty sand, 30 1.8 0.1 occasional gravel inclusions 1 105 Layer Natural Mid orange and yellow mottled 30 1.8 >0.06 sand, compact to friable in places, common gravel and sand stone inclusions, occasional rooting 2 200 Layer Topsoil Black silty sand, loose, high 30 1.8 0.32 humic content, rooting throughout, forest floor, rare flint gravel 2 201 Layer Made ground Mid grey silty ash, rare gravel 30 1.8 0.11 and rooting inclusions 2 202 Layer Made ground Dark black silty sand, rare 30 1.8 0.07 gravel inclusions 2 203 Layer Natural Mid orange and yellow mottled 30 1.8 >0.03 sand, compact to friable in places, common gravel and sand stone inclusions, occasional rooting 3 300 Layer Topsoil Dark black brown sandy silt, 30 1.8 0.14 friable, 3 301 Layer Made ground Mid brown grey sandy silt, 30 1.8 0.26 friable, rare flint gravel inclusions 3 302 Layer Organic rich Dark black brown sandy silt, 30 1.8 0.14 friable rare flint gravel inclusions 3 303 Layer Natural Mid brown yellow sand, friable, 30 1.8 >0.03 rare flint gravel inclusions 3 304 Layer Made ground 100% fine gravel, loose 30 1.8 0.17 3 305 Cut Linear - ditch Linear on north west - south >1.8 1.53 0.72 east with very steep sides, near vertical with rounded angle at base, flat base 3 306 Fill 305 Tertiary fill Mixed dark grey brown silty >1.8 1.53 0.72 sand and yellow orange mottled sand, friable to firm in places, lots of rooting throughout, occasional flint nodules and natural sand 4 400 Layer Topsoil Dark black sandy silt, friable, 30 1.8 0.2 lots of rooting and occasional flint inclusions 4 401 Layer Made ground Dark grey sandy silt, friable 30 1.8 0.08 with lots of gravel inclusions and occasional rooting throughout 4 402 Layer Made ground Mid grey silty sand, friable, 30 1.8 0.24 occasional sub angular flint inclusions and rare rooting

4 403 Layer Made ground Dark black silty sand (possible 30 1.8 0.15 relic subsoil) no inclusions

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4 404 Layer Natural Mid yellow and orange mottled 30 1.8 >0.05 sand, rooting throughout causing black patches, rare sandstone inclusions 4 405 Cut Linear Rectangular cut at the end of >1.8 1.5 N/A trench, possible ditch or pit. Unexcavated 4 406 Fill 405 Dark grey silty sand >1.8 1.5 N/A 4 407 Cut Pit Semi-circular cut bu trench 2.5 >1.3 N/A bulk. Unexcavated 4 408 Fill 407 Mid grey silty sand 2.5 >1.3 N/A 8 800 Layer Topsoil Dark black sandy silt, friable, 30 1.8 0.43 occasional flint gravel and very common rooting throughout, high humic content 8 801 Layer Made ground Mid pink grey sand very soft 30 1.8 0.27 with occasional large flint nodules and occasional rooting 8 802 Layer Made ground Dark black sandy silt, friable 30 1.8 0.25 with rare flint inclusions 8 803 Layer Natural Mid yellow sand with 30 1.8 >0.15 occasional orange and black mottling 8 804 Cut Pit Rectangular pit. Unexcavated 0.63 >0.8 N/A 8 805 Fill 804 Dark brown black silty sand 0.63 >0.8 N/A 8 806 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north to south. >1.8 0.6 N/A Unexcavated 8 807 Fill 806 Mid grey brown silty sand, >1.8 0.6 N/A rooting and modern plastic inclusions 11 1100 Layer Topsoil Dark black sandy silt, friable, 30 1.8 0.24 lots of rooting and occasional flint inclusions 11 1101 Layer Natural Mid yellow and orange mottled 30 1.8 >0.08 sand with occasional flint and sandstone inclusions, rooting in patches of black sand

12 1200 Layer Topsoil Dark brown black sandy silt, 30 1.8 0.43 friable, heavy rooting throughout, high humic content 12 1201 Layer Natural Mid brown yellow friable sand, 30 1.8 >0.13 rare flint gravel inclusions 12 1202 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north east to 1.01 0.49 south west, sharp almost vertical sides to rounded concave base 12 1203 Fill 1202 Secondary fill Dark black brown sandy silt 1.01 0.49 friable, rare flint gravel inclusions 14 1400 Layer Topsoil Dark brownish black, sandy 30 1.8 0.35 silt, friable, heaving rooting throughout, moderate to made ground. 14 1401 Layer Made ground Dark brownish black, sandy 30 1.8 0.25 silt, friable, heaving rooting throughout, mixed with redeposited natural throughout, good to natural. 14 1402 Layer Natural Mid brownish yellow, fine 30 1.8 >0.12 sand, friable, heavy rooting. 14 1403 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8m >0.97 >0.42 south east, asymmetrical v shaped sides with moderate break of slope, flat base

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14 1404 Fill 1403 Light grey, black and dark >1.8 >0.97 >0.42 brown. Contaminated fine sand. Soft. Occasional brown sand (redeposited to natural).Good to 1410, poor to 1401 and 1408. Rooting. 14 1405 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8 >1.23 0.69 south east with moderate v shaped sides and moderate break of slope. 14 1406 Fill 1405 Light grey and black, >1.8 >1.23 0.69 contaminated fine sand, soft, occasional redeposited yellow natural, good to 1402 and 1410 but not other fills. Rooting. 14 1407 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8 >1.45 0.54 south east, asymmetrical v shaped sides with moderate break of slope, concave base. 14 1408 Fill 1407 Light grey and black, >1.8 >1.45 0.54 contaminated fine sand, soft, occasional redeposited yellow natural, good to 1410 only. Rooting. 14 1409 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8 >1.16 0.64 south east, moderate v shaped sides with sharp break of slope. Flat but uneven base. 14 1410 Fill 1410 Mid brownish yellow, fine >1.8 >1.16 0.64 sand, soft, occasional inclusions of black made ground, ash coloured sand and ash brown sand. Good horizon, moderate rooting. 14 1411 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8 >0.3 0.37 south east with moderate v shaped sides and moderate break of slope. 14 1412 Fill 1411 Light grey and black, >1.8 >0.3 0.37 contaminated fine sand, soft, occasional redeposited yellow natural, good to 1402 and 1410 but not other fills. Rooting. 14 1413 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to >1.8 >0.3 >0.41 south east with steep sides. 14 1414 Fill 1413 Dark brown, silty sand, soft, >1.8 >0.3 >0.41 occasional inclusions of made ground, moderate horizon, moderate rooting. 15 1500 Layer Topsoil Dark black silty sand, turf 30 1.8 0.19 layer, friable, lots of rooting throughout, high humic content occasional flint inclusions 15 1501 Layer Made ground Mixed dark grey blacl silty 30 1.8 0.14 sand and yellow redeposited natural sand, firm, rooting throughout 15 1502 Layer Natural Mid yellow brown sand with 30 1.8 >0.12 orange and grey patches, Dark brown patches where rooting disturbs, flint and sand stone inclusions 17 1700 Layer Topsoil Dark black silty sand, turf 30 1.8 0.38 layer, friable, lots of rooting throughout, high humic content occasional flint inclusions 17 1701 Layer Natural Mid yellow brown sand with 30 1.8 >0.18 orange and grey patches, Dark brown patches where rooting disturbs, flint and sand stone inclusions

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19 1900 Layer Topsoil Dark black silty sand, turf 30 1.8 0.34 layer, friable, lots of rooting throughout, high humic content occasional flint inclusions 19 1901 Layer Natural Mid yellow brown sand with 30 1.8 >0.13 orange and grey patches, Dark brown patches where rooting disturbs, flint and sand stone inclusions 19 1902 Cut Posthole Circular, steep near vertical 0.33 0.29 0.2 sides to a rounded concave base 19 1903 Fill 1902 Dark black brown sandy silt, 0.33 0.29 0.2 friable, occasional flint inclusions 19 1904 Cut Linear - ditch Linear running north west to 2.25 1.89 0.26 south east, near vertical sharp sides to a flat but uneven base 19 1905 Fill 1904 Fill of 1904 Dark blackish brown, sandy >1m 1.83 0.2 silt, friable, occasional flint, good to natural. High contamination (rooting) 19 1906 Fill 1904 Fill of 1904 Mid yellowish brown (mixed >1m 1.89 0.18 with dark material of 1905, Sandy silt, friable, occasional flint, moderate to natural, high contamination (rooting) 22 2200 Layer Topsoil Mid greyish brown, silty sand, 30 1.8 0.3 loose. Occasional gravel. Moderate rooting 22 2201 Layer Made ground Dark brownish black, Fine 30 1.8 0.09 sand, loose, no inclusions, Moderate rooting. 22 2202 Layer Subsoil Mid brownish yellow. Fine 30 1.8 0.16 sand, loose, occasional gravel inclusions. 22 2203 Layer Natural Light-mid brownish yellow 30 1.8 >0.05 sand, firm, light yellowish grey and mid reddish brown patches of sand. Moderate rooting.

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APPENDIX B: THE FINDS

Appendix B Table 1: finds concordance Context Class Description Ct. Wt.(g) Spot-date 403 Iron Stove top 1 C20 801 Aluminium Mug 1 146 C20 Copper alloy Dummy bullet casing 1 12 Glass Bottles/jars; clear or blue-green 12 3451 Glass Bottle; dark green 1 414 Iron Objects 2 547 Modern pottery G.H. Richards, London vase 1 399 Modern pottery Stoneware ink bottle 2 260 Modern pottery Brown glazed stoneware 1 70 806 Modern pottery Refined white ware 2 15 LC18-C19 1203 CBM Fragments 3 10 1903 CBM Fragment 1 2 C19-C20 Iron Nail 1 55

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APPENDIX C: OASIS REPORT FORM

PROJECT DETAILS

Project Name Princess Royal Barracks, Phase 1, Deepcut, Surrey Short description Phase 1 of an archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in April 2017 at The Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey. Twelve trenches were excavated.

Previous work Watching Brief Cotswold Archaeology (2015)

Future work Further Phase of evaluation to be undertaken at a later date PROJECT LOCATION Site Location Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey Study area (M2/ha) 112ha Site co-ordinates SU 90730 57124 PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation Cotswold Archaeology Project Brief originator Surrey County Council Archaeological Officer Project Design (WSI) originator Cotswold Archaeology Project Manager Ray Kennedy Project Supervisor Jeremy Clutterbuck MONUMENT TYPE None SIGNIFICANT FINDS None PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive Content (e.g. pottery, (museum/Accession no.) animal bone etc) Surrey Museum Services

Physical ceramics, animal bone etc Paper Context sheets, matrices

etc Digital Database, digital photos etc BIBLIOGRAPHY

CA (Cotswold Archaeology), 2017, Princess Royal Barracks, Phase 1, Deepcut, Surrey: Archaeological Evaluation. Report: 17161

20 490000 492000

158000

156000

N Andover 01264 347630 Cirencester 01285 771022 OXFORDSHIRE Cotswold Exeter 01392 826185 Archaeology Milton Keynes 01908 564660 SLOUGH w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk London e [email protected] WEST BERKSHIRE PROJECT TITLE

WINDSOR AND MAIDENHEAD Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut, Surrey WOKINGHAM BRACKNELL FOREST SURREY FIGURE TITLE Site location plan HAMPSHIRE 0 1km

FIGURE NO. WEST SUSSEX Reproduced from the digital Ordnance Survey Explorer map with DRAWN BY CP PROJECT NO. 770496 the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller CHECKED BY DJB DATE 18/04/17 of Her Majesty's Stationery Office c Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109 APPROVED BY RK SCALE@A4 1:25,000 1 490175 490425 490675 N

NEWFOUNDLAND ROAD

T6 T2 T1 T7 T4.2

405

407 T4 801

804

806 T3 T8

BLACKDOWN ROAD T5 T9 T11 site boundary 157500 T23 T10 phase 1 trench T24

DEEPCUT BRIDGE ROAD evaluation trench T26 T27 T25 possible practice trench archaeological feature WOODEND ROAD T38 T28 T13 T12 T36 treethrow T35 T39 T29 T37 T34 T14 T32 T30

T33 T31 T46 T40 T15 possible practice T45 trench

MAINSTONE CLOSE T47 T16 T19 T107 T48 T17 T50 T49 THE ROYAL WAY T75 T78 T51 T103 T52 T53 ALFRISTON ROAD T42 T106 T104 T76 T77 T54 T43 T79 T57 T102 T105 T58 T22 T55 T101 T80 T44

157250 T81 T59 BELLEW ROAD T64 T60 T61 T100 T62 T82 T63 T91 T86 T85 T99 T92 T83 T21 T87 T65 T20 T68 T97 0 100m T98 T93 T90 T67 T84 T69 T66 T89 Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey digital mapping with the permission of T96 T70 Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office FERNLEIGH © Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109.

T88 RISE T95 T72 T94 T71

T73 Andover 01264 347630 Cirencester 01285 771022 Exeter 01392 826185 T74 Milton Keynes 01908 564660 w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]