CCW Contract Science Report No: 762
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Life of William Douglass M.Inst.C.E
LIFE OF WILLIAM DOUGLASS M.INST.C.E. FORMERLY ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF TO THE COMMISSIONERS OF IRISH LIGHTS BY THE AUTHOR OF "THE LIFE OF SIR JAMES NICHOLAS DOUGLASS, F.R.S." PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION 1923 CONTENTS CHAPTER I Birth; ancestry; father enters the service of the Trinity House; history and functions of that body CHAPTER II Early years; engineering apprenticeship; the Bishop Rock lighthouses; the Scilly Isles; James Walker, F.R.S.; Nicholas Douglass; assistant to the latter; dangers of rock lighthouse construction; resident engineer at the erection of the Hanois Rock lighthouse. CHAPTER III James Douglass re-enters the Trinity House service and is appointed resident engineer at the new Smalls lighthouse; the old lighthouse and its builder; a tragic incident thereat; genius and talent. CHAPTER IV James Douglass appointed to erect the Wolf Rock lighthouse; work commenced; death of Mr. Walker; James then becomes chief engineer to the Trinity House; William succeeds him at the Wolf. CHAPTER V Difficulties and dangers encountered in the erection of the Wolf lighthouse; zeal and courage of the resident engineer; reminiscences illustrating those qualities. CHAPTER VI Description of the Wolf lighthouse; professional tributes on its completion; tremor of rock towers life therein described in graphic and cheery verses; marriage. CHAPTER VII Resident engineer at the erection of a lighthouse on the Great Basses Reef; first attempts to construct a lighthouse thereat William Douglass's achievement description of tower; a lighthouse also erected by him on the Little Basses Reef; pre-eminent fitness of the brothers Douglass for such enterprises. CHAPTER VIII Appointed engineer-in-chief to the Commissioners of Irish Lights; three generations of the Douglasses and Stevensons as lighthouse builders; William Tregarthen Douglass; Robert Louis Stevenson. -
Flood Defences Possible Long-Term Investment Scenarios We Are Environment Agency Wales
future flooding in Wales: flood defences Possible long-term investment scenarios We are Environment Agency Wales. It’s our job to look after your environment and make it a better place – for you, and for future generations. Your environment is the air you breathe, the water you drink and the ground you walk on. Working with the Welsh Assembly Government, business and society as a whole, we are making your environment cleaner and healthier. Environment Agency Wales. Out there, making your environment a better place. Published by: Environment Agency Wales Cambria House 29, Newport Road Cardiff CF24 0TP Tel: 08708 506 506 Email: [email protected] www.environment-agency.wales.gov.uk © Environment Agency 2010 All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior permission of the Environment Agency. Ministerial Foreword The impacts and consequences of flooding and coastal erosion can be devastating and with one in six properties across Wales at risk of flooding we face significant challenges to ensure we are better prepared and can manage flooding and erosion to minimise the impacts on those at risk. Current climate change predictions outlined in UKCP09 suggest that across Wales and the UK we face significant risks from flooding. As our climate changes, bringing increases in the volume and intensity of rainfall, rising sea levels and increased storminess means that more frequent and more severe flooding events, coupled with intensified coastal erosion, seem inevitable. It is clear that we must reconsider our approach to flooding and coastal erosion in Wales. Simply building more and bigger defences will not be enough, and we need to consider other ways of managing the risk. -
Wylfa Newydd Project Pre-Application Consultation Stage Two A4 (Portrait) MCD Main Consultation Document.Indd 1
ENERGY WORKING FOR BRITAIN FOR WORKING ENERGY Wylfa Newydd Project Pre-Application Consultation Stage Two STAGE 2 Main Consultation Document A4 (portrait) MCD Main Consultation Document.indd 1 18/08/2016 11:37 Main Consultation Document Table of Contents 1 Introduction 3 Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 3 About Horizon Nuclear Power Wylfa Limited ................................................................................... 3 Planning Policy Context Overview ................................................................................................... 4 The Wylfa Newydd Project ............................................................................................................... 6 Stage Two Pre-Application Consultation materials ......................................................................... 7 Accessing the Stage Two Pre-Application Consultation materials................................................ 11 Approach to consultation ............................................................................................................... 12 The approach to consultation and engagement ............................................................................ 15 Consenting Strategy for the Wylfa Newydd Project ...................................................................... 20 How this document is structured ................................................................................................... -
Topic Paper 11: North Anglesey
Topic Paper 11: North Anglesey Prepared in support of the Wylfa Newydd Project: Supplementary Planning Guidance Topic Paper 11: North Anglesey Page 2 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Purpose of this Topic Paper 3 1.2 Context 4 1.3 North Anglesey Overview 7 1.4 Structure of this Topic Paper 8 2 Policy Context 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 International/European Plans and Programmes 9 2.3 UK Plans and Programmes 9 2.4 National (Wales), Legislation, Plans and Programmes 11 2.5 Regional and Sub-Regional Plans and Programmes 16 2.6 Local Plans and Programmes 17 2.7 Key Policy Messages for the Wylfa Newydd SPG 24 3 Baseline Information and Future Trends 26 3.1 Introduction 26 3.2 Baseline Information 26 3.3 Future Trends 47 3.4 Key Issues for the Wylfa Newydd SPG 48 4 Challenges and Opportunities 50 4.1 Introduction 50 4.2 SWOT Analysis 50 4.3 Summary of Key Matters to be addressed by the SPG 52 4.4 How Should the Wylfa Newydd SPG Respond? 52 Topic Paper 11: North Anglesey Page 3 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose of this Topic Paper 1.1.1 The purpose of this topic paper is to bring together the evidence base and policy context in relation to the communities and environment of North Anglesey to inform the updating of the Wylfa Newydd Supplementary Planning Guidance (Wylfa Newydd SPG). It is one of 11 topic papers that have been prepared to support the: Identification of the key matters to be considered in drafting the revised SPG; Provision of guidance with respect to how the revised SPG could respond to the challenges and opportunities identified; and Offer further information to the public in support of consultation on a draft revised SPG. -
Wales: River Wye to the Great Orme, Including Anglesey
A MACRO REVIEW OF THE COASTLINE OF ENGLAND AND WALES Volume 7. Wales. River Wye to the Great Orme, including Anglesey J Welsby and J M Motyka Report SR 206 April 1989 Registered Office: Hydraulics Research Limited, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX1 0 8BA. Telephone: 0491 35381. Telex: 848552 ABSTRACT This report reviews the coastline of south, west and northwest Wales. In it is a description of natural and man made processes which affect the behaviour of this part of the United Kingdom. It includes a summary of the coastal defences, areas of significant change and a number of aspects of beach development. There is also a brief chapter on winds, waves and tidal action, with extensive references being given in the Bibliography. This is the seventh report of a series being carried out for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. For further information please contact Mr J M Motyka of the Coastal Processes Section, Maritime Engineering Department, Hydraulics Research Limited. Welsby J and Motyka J M. A Macro review of the coastline of England and Wales. Volume 7. River Wye to the Great Orme, including Anglesey. Hydraulics Research Ltd, Report SR 206, April 1989. CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 COASTAL GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY 3.1 Geological background 3.2 Coastal processes 4 WINDS, WAVES AND TIDAL CURRENTS 4.1 Wind and wave climate 4.2 Tides and tidal currents 5 REVIEW OF THE COASTAL DEFENCES 5.1 The South coast 5.1.1 The Wye to Lavernock Point 5.1.2 Lavernock Point to Porthcawl 5.1.3 Swansea Bay 5.1.4 Mumbles Head to Worms Head 5.1.5 Carmarthen Bay 5.1.6 St Govan's Head to Milford Haven 5.2 The West coast 5.2.1 Milford Haven to Skomer Island 5.2.2 St Bride's Bay 5.2.3 St David's Head to Aberdyfi 5.2.4 Aberdyfi to Aberdaron 5.2.5 Aberdaron to Menai Bridge 5.3 The Isle of Anglesey and Conwy Bay 5.3.1 The Menai Bridge to Carmel Head 5.3.2 Carmel Head to Puffin Island 5.3.3 Conwy Bay 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY FIGURES 1. -
A Geographical Analysis of the Intervisibility of the Coastal Areas of Wales for Characterizing Seascapes
A Geographical Analysis of the Intervisibility of the Coastal Areas of Wales for Characterizing Seascapes David R Miller and Jane G Morrice For the Countryside Council for Wales For the Maritime Ireland/Wales INTERREG 1994-1999 The Macaulay Institute Craigiebuckler ABERDEEN AB15 8QH The Macaulay Institute incorporates the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (MLURI), which is sponsored by the Scottish Executive Rural Affairs Department, and the Macaulay Research Consultancy Services Ltd (MRCS) which is the commercial arm of MLURI. The contracting body for the work described in this report is MRCS. 1 Table of Contents Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 8 2. Data ............................................................................................................................................ 10 3. Methodology............................................................................................................................... 11 3.1. Radius of view and observer height .................................................................................... 12 3.2. Analyses of Visibility ......................................................................................................... 15 3.2.1. Visibility of the sea from the land ............................................................................. -
The Story of Our Lighthouses and Lightships
E-STORy-OF-OUR HTHOUSES'i AMLIGHTSHIPS BY. W DAMS BH THE STORY OF OUR LIGHTHOUSES LIGHTSHIPS Descriptive and Historical W. II. DAVENPORT ADAMS THOMAS NELSON AND SONS London, Edinburgh, and Nnv York I/K Contents. I. LIGHTHOUSES OF ANTIQUITY, ... ... ... ... 9 II. LIGHTHOUSE ADMINISTRATION, ... ... ... ... 31 III. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OP LIGHTHOUSES, ... ... 39 IV. THE ILLUMINATING APPARATUS OF LIGHTHOUSES, ... ... 46 V. LIGHTHOUSES OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND DESCRIBED, ... 73 VI. LIGHTHOUSES OF IRELAND DESCRIBED, ... ... ... 255 VII. SOME FRENCH LIGHTHOUSES, ... ... ... ... 288 VIII. LIGHTHOUSES OF THE UNITED STATES, ... ... ... 309 IX. LIGHTHOUSES IN OUR COLONIES AND DEPENDENCIES, ... 319 X. FLOATING LIGHTS, OR LIGHTSHIPS, ... ... ... 339 XI. LANDMARKS, BEACONS, BUOYS, AND FOG-SIGNALS, ... 355 XII. LIFE IN THE LIGHTHOUSE, ... ... ... 374 LIGHTHOUSES. CHAPTER I. LIGHTHOUSES OF ANTIQUITY. T)OPULARLY, the lighthouse seems to be looked A upon as a modern invention, and if we con- sider it in its present form, completeness, and efficiency, we shall be justified in limiting its history to the last centuries but as soon as men to down two ; began go to the sea in ships, they must also have begun to ex- perience the need of beacons to guide them into secure channels, and warn them from hidden dangers, and the pressure of this need would be stronger in the night even than in the day. So soon as a want is man's invention hastens to it and strongly felt, supply ; we may be sure, therefore, that in the very earliest ages of civilization lights of some kind or other were introduced for the benefit of the mariner. It may very well be that these, at first, would be nothing more than fires kindled on wave-washed promontories, 10 LIGHTHOUSES OF ANTIQUITY. -
THE LIFE-BOAT the Journal of the Royal National Life-Boat Institution
THE LIFE-BOAT The Journal of the Royal National Life-boat Institution VOL. XXXIV DECEMBER, 1956 No. 378 THE LIFE-BOAT FLEET 155 Motor Life-boats 1 Harbour Pulling Life-boat LIVES RESCUED from the foundation of the Life-boat Service in 1824 to 30th September, 1956 80,491 Notes of the Quarter THE summer months of 1956 were increase in work has come at a time exceptionally arduous ones for the when a helicopter service is already crews of life-boat stations all round well established around our coasts. the coasts of Britain and Ireland. It The figures for 1956 offer the most was the busiest July in the whole conclusive answer to those who believe history of the service, with 129 that helicopters are beginning sub- launches compared with the previous stantially to reduce the work of life- record for July of 78 in 1952. August boats. was busier still, with 144 launches compared with the previous record of SERVICES TO YACHTSMEN 113 in August 1940. In July no fewer Of the 107 lives rescued during the than 153 lives were rescued, more than twenty-four hours from the 28th to 100 of them in one period of twenty- the 29th of July no fewer than 88 four hours between the 28th and the were from yachts, a number of those 29th of July. A full account of the rescued being children. A multiplicity activities of this memorable day of services to yachts has been a regular appears on page 322. feature of the work of the life-boats By the end of August more lives had during the summer months for a been rescued by life-boats in 1956 number of years, and it is gratifying than in the whole of 1955, and by the to record that increasing appreciation end of September life-boats had been of the services rendered by life-boats launched on service more often than is now being shown by yachtsmen. -
Historical Changes in Welsh Seas: Ecosystem Trends
100% SUMMARY RECYCLED WALES 2012 Sustainability Conservation Climate Change Historical changes in Welsh seas: ecosystem trends WWF Cymru Marine Ecology Summary 230x170mm - English.indd 1 27/06/2012 14:13 Welsh coast and seas: a spectacular sight The environment of Wales has © CHRIS WARREN PHOTOLIBRARYWALES.COM WELSH COAST for centuries drawn scientists and tourists alike to admire and study its natural beauty. AND SEAS: Descriptions of the Welsh coast and inshore waters go back many hundreds of years, with writers describing and illustrating A SPECTACULAR journals that recorded daily life in coastal communities, through to scientists mapping the coast and studying marine life from as SIGHT early as the 1800s. Wales boasts 1,680 miles (2,740km) of the most beautiful coastlines in Europe and is home to Britain’s only coastal national park, situated in Pembrokeshire. Rugged shores, sheltered sandy bays, rocky underwater reefs, seagrass meadows, sea caves and banks of mudflats and sandflats support a stunning variety and abundance of marine life. Internationally important seabirds come to breed along the Welsh coast, and many other mobile species like dolphins, 1,680 MILES porpoises, whales, sharks and turtles can be found in Welsh waters. Fragile and slow-growing maerl beds, pink sea fans and horse mussel beds, along with colourful seaweeds, sponges and urchins live alongside many diverse species of shellfish and seafish. Wales boasts 1,680 miles of beautiful coastline The Welsh coast provides excellent vantage points to spot seabirds and -
Horizon Nuclear Power
ENERGY WORKING FOR BRITAIN FOR WORKING ENERGY Wylfa Newydd Project 6.1.3 ES Volume A - Introduction to the project and approach to the EIA A3 - Environmental context PINS Reference Number: EN010007 Application Reference Number: 6.1.3 June 2018 Revision 1.0 Regulation Number: 5(2)(a) Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 Horizon Internal DCRM Number: WN0902-JAC-PAC-CHT-00003 [This page is intentionally blank] Contents 3 Environmental context ..................................................................................... 1 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 3.2 The Isle of Anglesey ........................................................................................ 1 Location ........................................................................................................... 1 History and culture ........................................................................................... 1 Socio-economic context ................................................................................... 1 Transport network ............................................................................................ 2 3.3 Wylfa Newydd Development Area (containing the Power Station, other on-site development, Marine Works and the Site Campus)......................................... 3 3.4 Off-Site Power Station Facilities ..................................................................... -
Case Study 7 - Wales
Case Study 7 - Wales 7.1. Introduction The landscape of Wales is characterised by relatively low-lying coastal zones backed by a hinterland of high mountains and hills, which have been dissected by river valleys flowing from the uplands towards the sea. The Welsh coastal zone itself comprises a strip of land and its adjacent shoreline and marine environment, which varies in width depending on the natural environment and the management needs of the area. Parts of the Welsh coastal zone are recognised as being important natural habitats and environments. Along these beautiful coastlines, historical developments illustrate the history of the country dating back to Roman times. Later, numerous magnificent castles were built, which has resulted in Wales having an outstanding legacy in terms of its architectural heritage (McInnes & Benstead, 20131). 7.1.1. Geology & Geomorphology Within its land area of just over 23,200 sq. km (8,000 sq. m) and measuring some 256km (160m) by 96km (60m), elements of all the major geological systems can be found in Wales, ranging from the ancient Cambrian rocks through to the Holocene. Mountain-building over geological time together with structural effects including uplifting, folding, faulting and subsequently weathering and erosion, have resulted in a coastline of great interest and diversity, which displays a wide range of geomorphological features as well as creating a landscape of enormous scenic beauty. The mountainous interior was severely affected by glaciation, and from this hinterland rivers incised deeply as they flowed from the centre of the country down to the relatively low-lying coastline. The variety of the coastal geology of Wales, as well as the structural form of the exposures including the joint lines, bedding planes and the angles of dip of the strata, all have an influence on the appearance of the coastline and contribute to form the features that are so much admired. -
The Economic Prioritisation Framework for Welsh European Funds
ECONOMIC PRIORITISATION FRAMEWORK – Version 3: June 2015 The Economic Prioritisation Framework for Welsh European Funds: A Guidance Document providing an Investment Context for the Implementation of EU Programmes in Wales Version 3: June 2015 Investment for jobs and growth European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) European Social Fund (ESF) European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) Please ensure that you read the Economic Prioritisation Framework in conjunction with the relevant Operational Programme (ERDF and ESF) or Programme documents (EAFRD, EMFF). 1 ECONOMIC PRIORITISATION FRAMEWORK – Version 3: June 2015 Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................. 3 THEMATIC ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ..................................................... 11 1. ENERGY ........................................................................................................ 12 2. FOOD AND FARMING.................................................................................. 18 3. CLIMATE CHANGE AND RESOURCE EFFICIENCY .............................. 22 4. EXPLOITATION OF ICT ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE DIGITAL MARKETPLACE ................................................................................... 27 5. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING ................................................................ 32 6. LIFE SCIENCES AND HEALTH .................................................................. 38 7. TOURISM,